Plumbing fixtures shall be provided
for the type of building occupancy and in the minimum number
shown in Table 422.1. [OSHPD 1, 2, 3 & 4] and Tables 4-2
and Table 4-3
The total occupant load and occupancy classification shall be determined in accordance with Occupant Load Factor Table A and the California Building Code.
Occupancy classification not shown in Table 422.1 shall be
considered separately by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
The minimum number of fixtures shall be calculated at
50 percent male and 50 percent female based on the total
occupant load. Where information submitted indicates a difference
in distribution of the sexes such information shall be
used in order to determine the number of fixtures for each
sex. Once the occupancy load and occupancy are determined,
Table 422.1 shall be applied to determine the minimum number
of plumbing fixtures required. Where applying the fixture
ratios in Table 422.1 results in fractional numbers, such numbers
shall be rounded to the next whole number. For multiple
occupancies, fractional numbers shall be first summed and
then rounded to the next whole number.
TABLE 422.1
MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES1
Each building shall be provided with sanitary facilities, including provisions for persons with disabilities as prescribed by the Department Having Jurisdiction7. Table 422.1 applies to new buildings, additions to a building, and changes of occupancy or type in an existing building resulting in increased occupant load.
The total occupant load shall be determined in accordance with the [BSC, DSA-SS & DSA-SS/CC] Occupant Load Factor Table A.
Exceptions:
[HCD 1-AC & HCD 2] For applications listed in Sections 1.8.2.1.2 and 1.8.2.1.3 regulated by the Department of Housing and Community Development,
each building shall be provided with sanitary facilities, including provisions for persons with disabilities as prescribed by the Department. Covered
multifamily dwellings required to be accessible to persons with disabilities shall comply with Chapter 11A of the California Building Code. Permanent
buildings in mobilehome parks and special occupancy parks required to be accessible by persons with disabilities, shall comply with Chapter 11B of the
California Building Code.
[HCD 1] For limited density owner-built rural dwelling sanitary facilities, the type, design and number of facilities as required and approved by the local
health official shall be provided to the dwelling sites. It shall not be required that such facilities be located within the dwelling.
TYPE OF OCCUPANCY2
WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3
URINALS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)4
LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5, 6
BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)
DRINKING FOUNTAINS/ FACILITIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)
OTHER
A-1 Assembly occupancy (fixed or permanent seating)- theatres, concert halls and auditoriums
Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each additional 125 females.
Over 600, add 1 fixture for each additional 300 males.
Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.
Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.
B Business occupancy (office, professional or service type transactions)- banks, vet clinics, hospitals, car wash, banks, beauty salons,
ambulatory health care facilities, laundries and dry cleaning, educational institutions (above high school ), or training facilities not located within school, post offices and printing shops
Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each additional 150 females.
Over 600, add 1 fixture for each additional 300 males.
Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 250 males and 1 fixture for each additional 200 females.
E Educational occupancy- private or public schools
Male 1 per 50
Female 1 per 30
Male 1 per 100
Male 1 per 40
Female 1 per 40
-
1 per 150
1 service sink or laundry tray
F1, F2 Factory or Industrial occupancy-fabricating or assembly work
Male 1: 1-50 2: 51-75 3: 76-100
Female 1: 1-50 2: 51-75 3: 76-100
-
Male 1: 1-50 2: 51-75 3: 76-100
Female 1: 1-50 2: 51-75 3: 76-100
1 shower for each 15 persons exposed to excessive heat or
to skin contamin-
ation with poisonous, infectious or irritating material.
1: 1-250 2: 251-500 3: 501-750
1 service sink or laundry tray
Over 100, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.
Over 100, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.
Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.
I-1 Institutional occupancy (houses more than 16 persons on a 24-hour basis)- substance abuse centers, assisted living, group homes, or residential facilities.
Female 1 per 15
Male 1 per 15
-
Female 1 per 15
1 per 8
1 per 150
1 service sink or laundry tray
I-2 Institutional occupancy medical, psychiatric, surgical or nursing homes
Hospitals and nursing homes- individual rooms and ward room
1 per room
-
1 per room
1 per room
1 per 150
1 service sink or laundry tray
1 per 8 patients
-
1 per 10 patients
1 per 20 patients
Hospital Waiting or Visitor Rooms
1 per room
-
1 per room
-
1 per room
-
Employee Use
Male 1: 1-15 2: 16-35 3: 36-55
Female 1: 1-15 3: 16-35 4: 36-55
-
Male 1 per 40
Female 1 per 40
-
-
-
Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons
I-3 Institutional occupancy (houses more than 5 people)
Prisons
1 per cell
-
1 per cell
1 per 20
1 per cell block/floor
-
Correctional facilities or juvenile center
1 per 8
-
1 per 10
1 per 8
1 per floor
1 service sink or laundry tray
Employee Use
Male 1: 1-15 2: 16-35 3: 36-55
Female 1: 1-15 3: 16-35 4: 36-55
-
Male 1 per 40
Female 1 per 40
-
1 per 150
-
Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons
I-4 Institutional occupancy (any age that receives care for less than 24 hours)
Male 1: 1-15 2: 16-35 3: 36-55
Female 1: 1-15 3: 16-35 4: 36-55
-
Male 1 per 40
Female 1 per 40
-
1 per 150
1 service sink or laundry tray
Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons
M Mercantile occupancy (the sale of merchandise and accessible to the public)
Male 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 3: 201-400
Female 1: 1-100 2: 101-200 4: 201-300 6: 301-400
Male 0: 1-200 1: 201-400
Male 1: 1-200 2: 201-400
Female 1: 1-200 2: 201-300 3: 301-400
-
1: 1-250 2: 251-500 3: 501-750
1 service sink or laundry tray
Over 400, add 1 fixture
for each additional 500
males and 1 fixture for
each 200 females.
Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males.
Over 400, add 1 fixture
for each additional 500
males and 1 fixture for
each 400 females.
-
Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons.
-
R-1 Residential occupancy (minimal stay) hotels, motels, bed and breakfast homes
1 per sleeping room
-
1 per sleeping room
1 per sleeping room
-
1 service sink or laundry tray
R-2 Residential occupancy (long-term or permanent)
Dormitories
Male 1 per 10
Female 1 per 8
1 per 25
Male 1 per 12
Female 1 per 12
1 per 8
1 per 150
1 service sink or laundry tray
Add 1 fixture for each additional 25 males and 1 fixture for each additional 20 females.
Over 150, add 1 fixture for each additional 50 males.
Add 1 fixture for each
additional 20 males and
1 fixture for each additional
15 females.
Employee Use
Male 1: 1-15 2: 16-35 3: 36-55
Female 1: 1-15 3: 16-35 4: 36-55
-
Male 1 per 40
Female 1 per 40
-
-
Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons
Apartment house/unit
1 per apartment
-
1 per apartment
1 per apartment
-
1 kitchen sink per apartment. 1 laundry tray or 1 automatic clothes washer connection per unit or 1 laundry tray or 1 automatic clothes washer connection for each 12 units
R-3 Residential occupancy (long- term or permanent in nature) for more than 5 but does not exceed 16 occupants)
Male 1 per 10
Female 1 per 8
-
Male 1 per 12
Female 1 per 12
1 per 8
1 per 150
1 service sink or laundry tray
Add 1 fixture for each additional 25 males and 1 fixture for each additional 20 females.
Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.
R-3 Residential occupancy (one and two family dwellings)
1 per one and two family dwelling
-
1 per one and two family dwelling
1 per one and two family dwelling
-
1 kitchen sink and 1 automatic clothes washer connection per one and two family dwelling
R-4 Residential occupancy (residential care or assisted living)
Male 1 per 10
Female 1 per 8
-
Male 1 per 12
Female
1 per 12
1 per 8
1 per 150
1 service sink or laundry tray
Add 1 fixture for each additional 25 males and 1 fixture for each additional 20 females.
Add 1 fixture for each
additional 20 males and
1 fixture for each additional
15 females.
Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each additional 150 females.
Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons
Over 750, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 persons
Notes:
1 The figures shown are based upon one fixture being the minimum required for the number of persons indicated or any fraction thereof.
2 A restaurant is defined as a business that sells food to be consumed on the premises.
The number of occupants for a drive-in restaurant shall be considered as equal to the number of parking stalls.
Hand-washing facilities shall be available in the kitchen for employees.
3 The total number of required water closets for females shall be not less than the total number of required water closets and urinals for males. [BSC] This requirement
shall not apply when single occupancy toilet facilities are provided for each sex in an A or E occupancy with an occupant load of less than 50. Either
The required urinal shall be permitted to be omitted or
If installed, the urinal shall not require a second water closet to be provided for the female.
4 For each urinal added in excess of the minimum required, one water closet shall be permitted to be deducted. The number of water closets shall not be reduced
to less than two-thirds of the minimum requirement.
5 Group lavatories that are 24 lineal inches (610 mm) of wash sink or 18 inches (457 mm) of a circular basin, where provided with water outlets for such space,
shall be considered equivalent to one lavatory.
6 Metering or self closing faucets shall be installed on lavatories intended to serve the transient public.
7[BSC, DSA-AC, DSA-SS, DSA-SS/CC, HCD 1 & HCD 2, OSHPD 1, 2, 3 & 4] In accordance with Sections 1.8.7 and 301.3, the Authority Having Jurisdiction
may approve alternative design criteria when determining the minimum number of plumbing fixtures.
TABLE A. OCCUPANT LOAD FACTOR: [DSA-SS & DSA-SS/CC]
OCCUPANCY*, **
OCCUPANT LOAD FACTOR (square feet)
Group A
Auditoriums, convention halls, dance floors, lodge rooms, stadiums, and casinos (where no fixed seating is provided) (use 1/2 "one-half" the number of fixed seating)
Conference rooms, dining rooms, drinking establishments, exhibit rooms, gymnasiums, lounges, stages, and similar uses, including restaurants classified as Group B occupancies
Worship places; principal assembly area, educational and activity unit (where no fixed seating is provided) (use 1/2 "one-half" the number of fixed seating)
15
30
30
Group B
Office or public buildings (area accessible to the public)
200
Group E
Schools for day care, elementary, secondary
50
Educational Facilities Other than Group E
Colleges, universities, adult centers, etc.
50
Group F
Workshops, foundries and similar establishments
2,000
Group H
Hazardous materials fabrication and storage
2,000
Group I
Hospital general use area, health care facilities
200
Group M
Retail or wholesale stores
200
Group R
Congregate residence, Group R-1
200
Group S
Warehouse
5,000
* Any uses not specifically listed shall be based on similar uses listed in this table.
** For building or space with mixed occupancies, use appropriate occupancy group for each area (for example, a school may have an "A" occupancy for
the gymnasium, a "B" occupancy for the office, an "E" occupancy for the classrooms, etc.)
Accessory areas may be excluded (for example: hallway, restroom, stair enclosure)
1 Each department or nursing unit shall be served by a housekeeping room equipped with a service sink. Departments may share service closets provided the
departmental services are compatible. A dedicated housekeeping room shall be provided for the following services: Surgical/Catherization, ICU, NICU,
nursery, dietary, renal dialysis and outpatient surgery.
2 Conventional spouts and controls on hot-and cold-water supplies are acceptable. Aerators are not permitted. Non-aerating laminar flow devices are permitted. Nourishment areas shall have a handwashing fixture in or immediately accessible from the nourishment area, in addition to a nourishment sink
3 Scrub sinks shall be located outside of sterile procedure rooms. A minimum of two scrub sinks shall be provided in a surgical unit containing one operating
room. Four scrub sinks shall be provided in surgical units containing two operating rooms. One additional scrub sink shall be provided per each additional
operating room.
4 The scrub sink is in addition to the required number for surgeries.
5 The following fixtures shall be provided in airborne infection or protective environment rooms of hospitals only:
Within an adjoining toilet room, a lavatory, a shower containing a seat or a space for a shower chair, and toilet equipped with bedpan flushing attachment
with a vacuum breaker.
A handwashing fixture within a separate anteroom.
6 The following fixtures shall be provided in isolation rooms of correctional treatment centers only:
Within an adjoining toilet area, a handwashing fixture, a shower containing a seat or a space for a shower chair, and water closet equipped with bedpan flushing attachment with a vacuum breaker.
A handwashing fixture within a separate anteroom.
7 Includes burn center spaces, acute respiratory-care service spaces, and coronary-care service spaces. 8 A toilet room with handwashing fixture shall directly adjoin each procedure room. 9 One toilet with lavatory and one shower may serve two labor rooms. 10 One additional scrub sink for each additional cesarean or delivery operating room.
11 Provide emergency eye-wash and shower.
12 Conveniently located for staff use.
13 Fixtures serving individual patient rooms shall not be considered as meeting the required ratios for bedrooms not served by individual adjoining toilet or bathrooms.
14 The clinic sink may be deleted if all bedrooms in the nursing unit are provided with adjoining toilets with bedpan flushing devices.
15 Conventional controls on hot-and cold-water supplies are acceptable. The water discharge points shall be 5 inches (127 millimeters) above the fixture rim,
Aerators are not permitted. Non-aerating laminar flow devices are permitted.
16 A minimum of one bathtub is required on each floor of an acute care or acute psychiatric hospital providing skilled nursing or intermediate care services.
Special bathing facilities/gurney shower shall be provided at a minimum ratio of one per 100 beds for acute care facilities.
17 In a multiple-bed room, every bed position shall be within 20 feet (6 meters) of a hands-free handwashing fixture. Where an individual room concept is used,
a handwashing fixture shall be provided within each infant care room.
18 When three or more procedure rooms are provided.
19 If a separate medicine room is provided, the room shall be equipped with a sink in addition to the nurses' station handwashing fixture. Hot-water supplies
are optional.
20 Not required when there is a handwash fixture in the patient bed room.
21 Handwashing fixtures may be deleted if room is used for storage and holding only.
22 If room is used only for temporary holding of soiled materials, clinic sink and work counter may be omitted. If the flushing-rim clinical sink is eliminated,
facilities for cleaning bedpans shall be provided elsewhere.
23 Toilet shall be equipped with a bedpan flushing attachment.
24 Optional services approved by the licensing agency shall comply with the applicable space requirements of OSHPD 1 and 2.
25 Shall be provided in each separate room where open medication is handled.
26 Conveniently accessible throughout the unit. 27 Includes rooms or areas within coronary and intensive-care units and postanethesia recovery rooms.
28 Modular toilet/sink combination units located within a privacy curtain may be used within individual patient space or private room. The toilet fixture shall
be completely contained within cabinetry when not in use, and shall be enclosed when flushed. Bedpan washers shall not be permitted in patient bedrooms.
29 In service spaces with procedure rooms that do not have dedicated patient toilets, provide a minimum of one patient toilet room with a separate handwashing fixture
within the service space.
30 Toilet room shall be accessible from the procedure room. 31 Scrub sink shall be located outside the staff entrance to the procedure room. 32 Not used.
33 Handwashing and scrub sink fixtures shall not be equipped with wrist or elbow blades but shall be equipped with sensor controls, or controls that do not
involve contact with the upper extremities.
34 If room is used only for temporary holding of soiled material, clinic sink and work counter may be omitted.
TABLE 4-3
TYPE OF BUILDING OR OCCUPANCY
WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)7
URINALS (TROUGH URINAL TO INDIVIDUAL URINAL EQUIVALENCE) MALE
LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)
BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)
DRINKING FOUNTAINS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3
MALE
FEMALE
Nonindustrial—office buildings, public buildings and similar establishments
1 1-15
1 1-15
Length of trough urinal
Number of individual urinals
1 1-15
1:10 persons per shift required to shower
—
2 16-35
2 16-35
2 16-35
3 36-55
3 36-55
3 36-60
4 56-80
4 56-80
24" (610 mm)
1
4 61-90
5 81-110
5 81-110
36" (914 mm)
2
5 91-125
6 111-150
6 111-150
48" (1219 mm)
2
1 additional for each additional 40 employees or fraction thereof
60" (1524 mm)
3
1 additional for each additional 4 employees or fraction thereof
Industrial–factories, warehouses, loft buildings and similar establishments
1 1-15
1 1-15
24" (610 mm)
1
1 to 100 employees 1 per 10
Over 100 employees 1 additional for each additional 15 employees or fraction thereof
1:10 persons per shift required to shower
—
2 16-35
2 16-35
36" (914 mm)
2
3 36-55
3 36-55
48" (1219 mm)
2
4 56-80
4 56-80
60" (1524 mm)
3
5 81-110
5 81-110
72" (1829 mm)
4
6 111-150
6 111-150
1 additional for each additional 40 employees or fraction thereof
Notes:
1 The figures shown are based on one fixture being the minimum required for the number of persons indicated or any fraction thereof.
2 Each water closet shall occupy a separate compartment which shall be equipped with a door, door latch and clothes hook. The door and the walls or partitions between
fixtures shall be sufficient to assure privacy.
3 Drinking fountains shall not be located in toilet rooms.
4 Washing facilities shall be reasonably accessible to all employees.
5 Toilet facilities shall be accessible to the employees at all times. Where practicable, toilet facilities should be within 200 feet (61 m) of locations at which workers are regularly employed and should not be more than one floor-to-floor flight of stairs from working areas.
6 Urinals may be installed instead of water closets in toilet rooms to be used only by men provided that the number of water closets shall not be less than two thirds of the
minimum number of toilet facilities specified. The length of trough urinals to the equivalent number of individual urinals shall be based on the above table.
7 When there are less than five employees, separate toilet rooms for each sex are not required provided toilet rooms can be locked from the inside and contain at least one
water closet.
8 Twenty-four linear inches of wash sink or 18 inches of circular basin, when provided with water outlets for such space, shall be considered equivalent to one lavatory. Exception: The requirements of Table 4-3 do not apply to mobile crews or to normally unattended work locations provided employees at these locations have immediately
available transportation to nearby toilet facilities which meet the requirements of Table 4-3.
Where family or assisted-use toilet and
bathing rooms are required, in applicable building regulations,
the facilities shall be installed in accordance with
those regulations.
Effective January 1, 1990, in new
construction and those existing facilities which occupancy
type are listed in Tables 422.1 and 4-4 for public
use, which apply for permit to undertake construction,
structural alterations, repairs or improvement which
exceed 50 percent of the square footage of the entire
facility, shall install water closets, urinals, lavatories and
drinking fountains as stipulated in Tables 422.1 and 4-4
for public use. Community and/or municipal parks with
a bleacher capacity not exceeding 500 seats shall be
exempt from the requirements of this section and Tables
422.1 and 4-4. Each bathroom shall comply with Part 2,
Chapter 11A and 11B of the California Building Code.
TABLE 4-4
TYPE OF BUILDING OR OCCUPANCY2
WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)
URINALS (FIXTURES PER MALE)
LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)
BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)
DRINKING FOUNTAINS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)
Day Use Public Beaches1,2
Male
Female
May be substituted for up to two-thirds of the water closets required
1 1-100
1 1-100
No sex designated 1 1-500 Minimum of 2
Picnic Areas
Male
Female
1 1-50
1 1-50
Overnight Use Public Beaches2
1 1-7.5 campsites3
May be substituted for up to one-third of the water closets required3
1 1-12.5 campsites4
1 1-7.5 campsites3
Organized Camps
1 1-153
1 1-15
1 1-156
Minimum 1 per camp
Notes:
1 Toilets shall be located in accordance with actual use patterns on the beach. The reasonable intent of the toilet requirements is that it should apply on the basis of average
daily use during periods of peak use. The health officer may determine how many days the population standard may be exceeded.
2 Laundry facilities are not required, but if they are provided, must be a minimum of two laundry trays or a washing machine.
3 Toilet facilities shall not be farther than 400 feet from any lot or campsite.
4 Showers are not required, but it provided, they shall be provided on the indicated ratio. Outdoor rinse-off showers may be cold water only.
5 Toilets shall be located within 300 feet from the living accommodations they serve.
6 Showers shall be provided in the living area or in a centrally located structure. Exception: Intermittent short-term organized camps are not required to provide shower facilities, but it provided, they shall comply with this part.
OSHPD facilities shall
also comply with requirements of the California Building
Code, Chapters 1224,1225, 1226, 1227 and 1228 in
addition to total occupant load and occupancy classification
for determination of minimum number of fixtures.
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to the drainage stack at each fifth
floor, counting down from the uppermost fixture drain, by
means of a yoke vent, the size of which shall be not less ...