The scope includes, but is not limited to, the following:
- Inspection of permanent and temporary buildings, processes, equipment, systems, and other fire and related life safety situations
- Investigation of fires, explosions, hazardous materials incidents, and other related emergency incidents
- Review of construction plans, drawings, and specifications for life safety systems, fire protection systems, access, water supplies, processes, hazardous materials, and other fire and life safety issues
- Fire and life safety education of fire brigades, employees, responsible parties, and the general public
- Existing occupancies and conditions, the design and construction of new buildings, remodeling of existing buildings, and additions to existing buildings
- Design, installation, alteration, modification, construction, maintenance, repairs, servicing, and testing of fire protection systems and equipment
- Installation, use, storage, and handling of medical gas systems
- Access requirements for fire department operations
- Hazards from outside fires in vegetation, trash, building debris, and other materials
- Regulation and control of special events including, but not limited to, assemblage of people, exhibits, trade shows, amusement parks, haunted houses, outdoor events, and other similar special temporary and permanent occupancies
- Interior finish, decorations, furnishings, and other combustibles that contribute to fire spread, fire load, and smoke production
- Storage, use, processing, handling, and on-site transportation of flammable and combustible gases, liquids, and solids
- Storage, use, processing, handling, and on-site transportation of hazardous materials
- Control of emergency operations and scenes
- Conditions affecting fire fighter safety
- Arrangement, design, construction, and alteration of new and existing means of egress
The title of this Code shall be NFPA 1, Fire Code, of
the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA).
The purpose of this Code is to prescribe minimum requirements necessary to establish a reasonable level of
fire and life safety and property protection from the hazards
created by fire, explosion, and dangerous conditions.
This Code shall apply to both new and existing conditions.
Where no applicable codes, standards, or requirements are set forth in this Code or contained within other laws,
codes, regulations, ordinances, or bylaws adopted by the
authority having jurisdiction (AHJ), compliance with applicable codes and standards of NFPA or other nationally recognized standards, as are approved, or approved performance-based options in accordance with Chapter 5, shall be deemed
as prima facie evidence of compliance with the intent of this
Code.
Unless otherwise specified by 1.3.2.4.1 through
1.3.2.4.3, the current provisions of the referenced standards
shall not apply to facilities, equipment, structures, or installations that existed or were approved for construction or installation prior to the effective date of this Code.
Where specified by a reference standard for existing
occupancies, conditions, or systems, the provisions of the referenced standards shall be retroactive.
Facilities, equipment, structures, and installations,
installed in accordance with a reference standard, shall be maintained in accordance with the edition of the standard in
effect at the time of installation.
When a requirement differs between this Code and a
referenced document, the requirement of this Code shall apply.
When a conflict between a general requirement and a
specific requirement occurs, the specific requirement shall
apply
Where two or more classes of
occupancy occur in the same building or structure and are so
intermingled that separate safeguards are impractical, means of
egress facilities, construction, protection, and other safeguards
shall comply with the most restrictive fire safety requirements
of the occupancies involved.
Vehicles, vessels, or other similar
conveyances, when in fixed locations and occupied as buildings, as described by Section 11.6 of NFPA 101 shall be treated
as buildings and comply with this Code.
Buildings permitted for construction after the adoption of this Code shall comply with the provisions stated herein
for new buildings.
Buildings in existence or permitted for construction
prior to the adoption of this Code shall comply with the provisions stated herein or referenced for existing buildings (see
10.3.2).
Newly introduced equipment, materials, and operations regulated by this Code shall comply with the requirements
for new construction or processes
If any provision of this Code or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the Code and the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.
Nothing in this Code is intended to
prevent the use of systems, methods, or devices of equivalent or
superior quality, strength, fire resistance, effectiveness, durability, and safety to those prescribed by this Code, provided technical documentation is submitted to the AHJ to demonstrate
equivalency and the system, method, or device is approved for
the intended purpose.
The AHJ shall be authorized to accept subsequent editions of publications referenced in this Code as
evidence of compliance with the specified edition. When the
AHJ accepts compliance with a subsequent edition of a referenced publication, compliance with subsequent edition shall
be considered evidence of compliance with this Code's specified
edition.
Compliance with subsequent editions of reference
publications shall be achieved by complying with the entire
subsequent edition of the referenced publication.
The specific requirements of this Code shall
be permitted to be altered by the AHJ to allow alternative
methods that will secure equivalent fire safety, but in no case
shall the alternative afford less fire safety than, in the judgment
of the AHJ, that which would be provided by compliance with
the provisions contained in this Code.
The AHJ is authorized to modify any of
the provisions of this Code upon application in writing by the
owner, a lessee, or a duly authorized representative where there
are practical difficulties in the way of carrying out the provisions of the Code, provided that, in the judgment of the AHJ,
the intent of the Code shall be complied with, public safety
secured, and substantial justice done.
Each application for an equivalent, alternative, or modified fire protection feature shall be filed with the AHJ and shall
be accompanied by such evidence, letters, statements, results of
tests, or other supporting information as required to justify the
request. The AHJ shall keep a record of actions on such applications, and a signed copy of the AHJ's decision shall be provided for the applicant.
The AHJ shall approve such equivalent, alternative, or modified construction systems, materials, or methods
of design when it is substantiated that the standards of this Code
are at least equaled. If, in the opinion of the AHJ, the standards
of this Code are not equaled by the alternative requested, approval for permanent work shall be refused. Consideration shall be
given to test or prototype installations.
Whenever evidence of compliance with the requirements of this Code is insufficient or evidence that any material
or method of construction does not conform to the requirements of this Code, or to substantiate claims for alternative
construction systems, materials, or methods of construction,
the AHJ shall be permitted to require tests for proof of compliance to be made by an approved agency at the expense of the
owner or his/her agent.
Copies of the results of all such tests shall be retained
in accordance with Section 1.11.
If a value for a measurement as given in this Code is followed by an equivalent value in
other units, the first stated value shall be regarded as the
requirement. A given equivalent value could be approximate.
This Code shall be administered and
enforced by the AHJ designated by the governing authority. (See
Annex B for sample wording for enabling legislation.)
The provisions of this Code shall apply
without restriction, unless specifically exempted.
The
AHJ shall establish minimum qualifications for all persons
assigned the responsibility of enforcing this Code.
Fire inspectors and plans examiners shall meet the
minimum professional qualifications established in NFPA 1031.
Fire marshals shall meet the minimum professional
qualifications established in NFPA 1037.
The AHJ is authorized to render interpretations of this
Code and to make and enforce rules and supplemental regulations in order to carry out the application and intent of its
provisions.
Such interpretations, rules, and regulations shall be in
conformance with the intent and purpose of this Code and shall
be available to the public during normal business hours.
Police and other enforcement
agencies shall have authority to render necessary assistance in
the enforcement of this Code when requested to do so by the
AHJ.
The AHJ shall be permitted to
delegate to other qualified individuals such powers as necessary
for the administration and enforcement of this Code.
The AHJ shall be authorized to rely on plan reviews,
inspections, opinions, and approvals rendered by other
enforcement officials in determining compliance with this
Code.
When the AHJ relies on inspections, plan reviews,
opinions, and approvals rendered by other enforcement officials in determining compliance with this Code, the other
enforcement officials shall be deemed to be acting as agents
under their own authority and not as agents of the AHJ enforcing this Code.
To the full extent permitted by law, any AHJ engaged
in fire prevention and inspection work shall be authorized at
all reasonable times to enter and examine any building, structure, marine vessel, vehicle, or premises for the purpose of
making fire safety inspections.
As used in 1.7.7.3, emergency shall mean circumstances that the AHJ knows, or has reason to believe, exist and that
can constitute imminent danger.
Persons authorized to enter and inspect buildings,
structures, marine vessels, vehicles, and premises as herein set
forth shall be identified by credentials issued by the governing
authority.
Where conditions exist and are deemed hazardous to
life or property by the AHJ, the AHJ shall have the authority to
summarily abate such hazardous conditions that are in violation of this Code.
Persons shall not interfere or cause conditions that would interfere with an AHJ carrying out any duties or functions prescribed by this Code.
Persons shall not use a badge,
uniform, or other credentials to impersonate the AHJ.
The AHJ shall have the authority to investigate the cause, origin, and circumstances of any fire, explosion,
release of hazardous materials, or other hazardous condition.
The AHJ shall have the authority to take
custody of all physical evidence relating to the origin and cause
of a fire, explosion, release of hazardous materials, or other
hazardous condition.
The construction documents for each phase shall be
complete in themselves, so that review and inspection can
properly be made. Preliminary plans of the total building shall
be submitted with the construction documents, and with sufficient detail, so that proper evaluation can be made. Areas and
items not included in the phase to be permitted shall be shown
as not included. [5000:1.7.6.3.3.3]
The AHJ is authorized to exempt detached one- and
two-family dwellings and accessory structures from the submittal of plans.
Plans shall be submitted to the AHJ prior to the alteration of the means of egress or fire protection systems of any
existing building.
The AHJ shall be notified by the person performing
the work when the installation is ready for a required inspection.
Whenever any installation subject to inspection prior
to use is covered or concealed without having first been inspected, the AHJ shall have the authority to require that such work
be exposed for inspection.
When any construction or installation work is being
performed in violation of the plans and specifications as
approved by the AHJ, a written notice shall be issued to the
responsible party to stop work on that portion of the work that
is in violation.
The notice shall state the nature of the violation, and
no work shall be continued on that portion until the violation
has been corrected.
The AHJ shall have the authority to order an operation, construction, or use stopped when any of the following conditions exists:
- Work is being done contrary to provision of this Code.
- Work is occurring without a permit required by Section 1.12.
- An imminent danger has been created.
The AHJ shall be authorized to employ the necessary
resources to perform the required work in order to mitigate
the imminent danger.
The AHJ shall have the authority to require standby
fire personnel, emergency medical services personnel, or an
approved fire watch when potentially hazardous conditions or a
reduction in a life safety feature exist due to the type of
performance, display, exhibit, occupancy, contest, or activity;
an impairment to a fire protection feature; or the number of
persons present.
The owner, agent, or lessee shall employ one or more
qualified persons, as required and approved, to be on duty.
Such standby fire personnel, emergency medical
services personnel, or fire watch personnel shall be subject to
the AHJ's orders at all times and shall be identifiable and
remain on duty during the times such places are open to the
public, when such activity is being conducted, or as required by
the AHJ.
The AHJ shall have the authority to develop and
implement a public fire safety education program as deemed
necessary for the general welfare with respect to the potential
fire hazards within the jurisdiction.
The incident commander conducting operations in connection with the extinguishment and control of any
fire, explosion, hazardous materials incident, natural disaster,
rescue, and/or other emergency shall have authority to direct
all operations of fire extinguishment, mitigation of a hazardous
materials incident, natural disaster, rescue, and/or control and
to take necessary precautions to save life, protect property, and
prevent further injury or damage.
During any emergency described in
1.8.1, including the investigation of the cause of such emergency, the incident commander or authorized representative
shall be permitted to control or prohibit the approach to the
scene of such emergency by any vehicle, vessel, or person.
Persons shall not obstruct
the operations of the fire department or disobey any command
of the incident commander or authorized representative or any
part thereof, or any order of a police officer assisting the fire
department.
The incident commander or authorized
representative in charge of an emergency scene shall have the
authority to establish barriers to control access in the vicinity of
such emergency and to place, or cause to be placed, ropes,
guards, barricades, or other obstructions across any street or
alley to delineate such emergency scene barrier.
The AHJ, and other individuals charged by the AHJ, or
the incident commander of emergency operations, charged
with the enforcement of this Code or any other official duties,
acting in good faith and without malice in the discharge of
their duties, shall not thereby be rendered personally liable for
any damage that could accrue to persons or property as a result
of any act or by reason of any act or omission in the discharge
of their duties.
The fire department and AHJ, acting in good faith and
without malice in the discharge of the organizations' public
duty, shall not thereby be rendered liable for any damage that
could accrue to persons or property as a result of any act or by
reason of any act or omission in the discharge of such duties.
Any suit brought against the AHJ, the incident
commander, or such individuals because of such act or omission performed in the enforcement of any provision of such
codes or other pertinent laws or ordinances implemented
through the enforcement of this Code or enforced by the code
enforcement agency shall be defended by this jurisdiction until
final termination of such proceedings, and any judgment
resulting therefrom shall be assumed by this jurisdiction.
This Code shall not be construed to relieve from or lessen
the responsibility of any person owning, operating, or controlling any building or structure for any damages to persons or
property caused by defects, nor shall the code enforcement
agency or its parent jurisdiction be held as assuming any such
liability' by reason of the inspections authorized by this Code or
any permits or certificates issued under this Code.
A Board
of Appeals shall be established to rule on matters relating to
the fire code and its enforcement.
The members of the Board of Appeals shall be
appointed by the governing body of the jurisdiction.
The Board of Appeals shall consist of five or seven
principal members and one ex officio member representative
of the AHJ. Each principal member shall be permitted to have
an alternate with similar experience to serve in his or her stead
when necessary.
The jurisdiction governing body shall have the
authority to appoint alternates who shall serve when a principal
member is unable to fulfill their obligations. Alternates shall
have the full authority and responsibility of principal members
when serving in place of a principal member.
Members and alternate members shall be appointed based on their education, experience, and knowledge.
Members and alternates shall be appointed to a 3-
year term.
Members and alternates shall be composed of individuals experienced in the following fields or professions:
- Engineering or architectural design
- General contracting
- Fire protection contracting
- Fire department operations or fire code enforcement
- Building code enforcement
- Legal
- General public
Members and alternates shall not be employees,
agents, or officers of the jurisdiction.
Members and alternates shall be residents of the
jurisdiction.
No more than one member shall represent the
same field or provision listed in 1.10.1.1.5.
The representative of the AHJ shall be an ex officio
member and shall be entitled to participate in all discussions.
The ex officio member shall not be entitled to a vote.
No member of the Board of Appeals shall sit in
judgment on any case in which the member holds a direct or
indirect property or financial interest in the case.
The board shall select one of its members to serve
as chair and one member to serve as vice chair.
The
Board of Appeals shall have the authority to establish rules and
regulations for conducting its business that are consistent with
the provisions of this Code.
The Board of Appeals shall provide for the reasonable interpretation of the provisions of this Code and issue
rulings on appeals of the decisions of the AHJ.
The ruling of the Board of Appeals shall be consistent
with the letter of the Code or when involving issues of clarity,
ensuring that the intent of the Code is met with due consideration for public safety and fire fighter safety.
The Board of Appeals shall have the authority to
grant alternatives or modifications through procedures
outlined in Section 1.4 of the Code.
The Board of Appeals shall not have the authority to
waive the requirements of the Code.
The Board of Appeals decisions shall not be precedent setting.
Any person with standing shall be permitted to appeal a decision of the AHJ to the Board of Appeals when it is claimed that any one or more of the following conditions exist:
- The true intent of the Code has been incorrectly interpreted.
- The provisions of the Code do not fully apply.
- A decision is unreasonable or arbitrary as it applies to alternatives or new materials.
An appeal shall be submitted to the AHJ in writing within 30 calendar days of notification of violation. The appeal shall outline all of the following:
- The Code provision (s) from which relief is sought
- A statement indicating which provisions of 1.10.4.1 apply
- Justification as to the applicability of the provision(s) cited in 1.10.4.1
- A requested remedy
- Justification for the requested remedy stating specifically how the Code is complied with, public safety is secured, and fire fighter safety is secured
Meetings of the Board of Appeals shall be held at the
call of the chair, at such other times as the board determines,
and within 30 calendar days of the filing of a notice of appeal.
All hearings before the Board of Appeals shall be
open to the public.
The Board of Appeals shall keep minutes of its
proceedings showing the vote of each member on every question or, if the member is absent or fails to vote, these actions
shall be recorded.
The Board of Appeals shall keep records of its examinations and other official actions.
Minutes and records of the Board of Appeals shall be
public record.
A quorum shall consist of not less than a simple
majority of appointed members or alternates.
Every decision of the Board of Appeals shall be
entered in the minutes of the board meeting.
A decision of the Board of Appeals to modify an
order of the AHJ shall be in writing and shall specify the
manner in which such modification is made, the conditions
upon which it is made, the reasons therefore, and justification
linked to specific code sections.
Every decision shall be promptly filed in the office of
the AHJ and shall be open for public inspection.
A certified copy shall be sent by mail or delivered in
person to the appellant, and a copy shall be publicly posted in
the office of the AHJ for 2 weeks after filing.
The decision of the Board of Appeals shall be final,
subject to such remedy as any aggrieved party might have
through legal, equity, or other avenues of appeal or petition.
If a decision of the Board of Appeals reverses or
modifies a refusal, order, or disallowance of the AHJ, or varies
the application of any provision of this Code, the AHJ shall take
action immediately in accordance with such decision.
A record of examinations, approvals, equivalencies, and
alternates shall be maintained by the AHJ and shall be available
for public inspection during business hours in accordance with
applicable laws.
Documents requested from a property owner for fire
protection systems with deficiencies shall be maintained by the
AHJ.
The AHJ shall keep a record of all fire prevention
inspections, including the date of such inspections and a
summary of any violations found to exist, the date of the services of notices, and a record of the final disposition of all violations.
The fire department shall keep a record of fire and
other emergency responses occurring within its jurisdiction
and of facts concerning the same, including statistics as to the
extent and damage caused by such fires or emergencies.
All records required to be kept shall be maintained
until their usefulness has been served or as required by law.
The AHJ shall be authorized to establish and issue
permits, certificates, and approvals pertaining to conditions,
operations, or materials hazardous to life or property pursuant
to Section 1.12.
Applications for permits shall be made to the AHJ on
forms provided by the jurisdiction and shall include the applicant's answers in full to inquiries set forth on such forms.
Applications for permits shall be accompanied by
such data as required by the AHJ and fees as required by the
jurisdiction.
Permits for activities requiring evidence of financial
responsibility by the jurisdiction shall not be issued unless
proof of required financial responsibility is furnished.
The AHJ shall have the authority to require evidence
to show that other regulatory agencies having jurisdiction over
the design, construction, alteration, repair, equipment, maintenance, process, and relocation of structures have issued appropriate approvals.
Any attempt to misrepresent or otherwise deliberately
or knowingly design; install; service; maintain; operate; sell;
represent for sale; falsify records, reports, or applications; or
other related activity in violation of the requirements prescribed by this Code shall be a violation of this Code.
Such violations shall be cause for immediate suspension or revocation of any related approvals, certificates, or
permits issued by this jurisdiction.
Such violations shall be subject to any other criminal
or civil penalties as available by the laws of this jurisdiction.
A permit shall be predicated upon compliance with
the requirements of this Code and shall constitute written
authority issued by the AHJ to maintain, store, use, or handle
materials; to conduct processes that could produce conditions
hazardous to life or property; or to install equipment used in
connection with such activities.
Any permit issued under this Code shall not take the
place of any other approval, certificate, license, or permit
required by other regulations or laws of this jurisdiction.
Where additional permits, approvals, certificates, or
licenses are required by other agencies, approval shall be
obtained from those other agencies.
No permit issued under this Code shall be interpreted to justify a violation of any provision of this Code or any
other applicable law or regulation.
Permits shall be issued by the AHJ and shall indicate the following;
- Operation, activities, or construction for which the permit is issued
- Address or location where the operation, activity, or construction is to be conducted
- Name, address, and phone number of the permittee
- Permit number
- Period of validity of the permit
- Inspection requirements
- Name of the agency authorizing the permit (AHJ)
- Date of issuance
- Permit conditions as determined by the AHJ
Any application for, or acceptance of, any permit
requested or issued pursuant to this Code shall constitute agreement and consent by the person making the application or
accepting the permit to allow the AHJ to enter the premises at
any reasonable time to conduct such inspections as required by
this Code.
Revocation or suspension shall be constituted when
the permittee is duly notified by the AHJ.
Any person who engages in any business, operation,
or occupation, or uses any premises, after the permit issued
therefore has been suspended or revoked pursuant to the
provisions of this Code, and before such suspended permit has
been reinstated or a new permit issued, shall be in violation of
this Code.
Permits shall be required in accordance with Table 1.12.8(a) through Table 1.12.8(d).
Note: See Chapters 41, 42, 60, 63, and 69 for additional requirements and exceptions.
*Cubic feet measured at normal temperature and pressure.
Note: See Chapter 63.
Note: See Chapter 60 for additional requirements and exceptions.
Operations and Materials | Permit Required | Cross Reference Section Number |
---|---|---|
Additive manufacturing | To conduct industrial additive manufacturing operations | 39.1.2 |
Aerosol products | To store or handle an aggregate quantity of Level 2 or Level 3 aerosol products in excess of 500 lb (226.8 kg)
|
61.1.2 |
Aircraft fuel servicing | To provide aircraft fuel servicing | 42.10.1.2 |
Aircraft hangars | For servicing or repairing aircraft | 21.1.1 |
Aircraft refueling vehicles | To operate aircraft refueling vehicles | 42.10.1.2 |
Airport terminal buildings | For construction and alteration | 21.2.2.1 |
Ammonium nitrate | For storage | Chapter 74 |
Amusement parks |
For construction, alteration, or operation of amusement park fire protection safety features
|
10.15.1 |
Asbestos removal | For the removal of asbestos | 16.8.2 |
Automatic fire suppression |
For installation, modification, or removal from service of any automatic fire suppression system*
|
13.1.1.1; 50.4.2 |
Automobile wrecking yards | To operate automobile wrecking yards | 22.2 |
Automotive fuel servicing | To provide automotive fuel servicing | 42.2.2.1; 42.11.2.2.4; 42.11.3.1
|
Battery systems | To install or operate stationary lead-acid battery systems having an electrolyte capacity of more than 100 gal (378.5 L) in sprinklered buildings or 50 gal
(189.3 L) in nonsprinklered buildings
|
52.2 |
Candles, open flames, and portable cooking
|
To use in connection with assembly areas, dining areas of restaurants, or drinking
establishments
|
17.3.2; 20.1.1.1 |
Carnivals and fairs | To conduct a carnival or fair | 10.15.1 |
Cellulose nitrate film | To store, handle, use, or display | 20.15.7.2 |
Cellulose nitrate plastic | To store or handle more than 25 lb (11.3 kg) | 43.1.1.4 |
Change of occupancy | For the change of occupancy classification of an existing building | 1.7.11.5 |
Cleanrooms | For construction, alteration, or operation | 23.3 |
Combustible fibers | For storage or handling of combustible fibers greater than 100 ft3 (2.8 m3) | 45.1.3 |
Combustible material storage | To store more than 2500 ft3 (70.8 m3) gross volume | 10.19.2; 19.1.1; 31.2 |
Commercial rubbish-handling
operation
|
To operate | 19.1.1 |
Compressed gases |
|
63.1.2 |
Construction | For the construction of a building or structure | 1.7.11.8 |
Covered mall buildings | Annual requirement for facilities that utilize mall area for exhibits or displays with four conditions
|
20.1.5.5.1 |
Crop maze | To operate a crop maze | 10.14.11.1 |
Cryogens | To produce, store, or handle cryogens in excess o f amounts listed in Table 1.12.8(c) Exception: Where federal or state regulations apply or for fuel systems of a vehicle. |
63.1.2 |
Cutting and welding operation | For operations within a jurisdiction | 41.1.5;41.3.2.2; 41.3.2.2.2
|
Display fireworks (1.3G) | For possession, transportation, storage, manufacture, sale, handling, and discharge of display fireworks within the jurisdiction
|
65.2.3; 65.5.2 |
Drycleaning plants | To engage in business of drycleaning or to change to a more hazardous cleaning solvent
|
24.2 |
Dust-producing operations | To operate a grain elevator, flour mill, starch mill, feed mill, or plant pulverizing aluminum, coal, cocoa, magnesium, spices, sugar, or other similar combustible
|
40.2 |
Energy storage systems, including battery stationary
capacitor energy storage
|
To install and operate energy storage systems exceeding Table 52.2.1 and Table 52.3.1
|
52.1.2 |
Exhibit and trade shows | For operation of all exhibits and trade shows held within a jurisdiction | 20.1.5.5.1 |
Explosives |
|
65.9.2 |
Fire alarm and detection systems and related
equipment
|
For installation, modification, or removal from service of any fire alarm and detection systems and related equipment*
|
13.1.1.1 |
Fire apparatus access roads | For the construction of a fire apparatus access road | 18.1.2 |
Fire hydrants and water-control | To use a fire hydrant or operate a water-control valve intended for fire suppression purposes
|
13.1.1.1 |
Fire pumps and related equipment
|
For installation of, modification to, or removal from service of any fire pumps, jockey pumps, controllers, and generators*
|
13.1.1.1 |
Flame effects | Use of flame effects before an audience | 65.4.2 |
Flammable and combustible liquids |
|
66.1.5 |
Fruit ripening | To operate a fruit-ripening process | 63.1.2 |
General storage |
To store materials indoors or outdoors, representing a broad range of |
34.1.2 |
Grandstands, bleachers, and folding and telescopic seating
|
For construction, location, erection, or placement of grandstands, bleachers, and folding and telescopic seating
|
25.1.2 |
Hazardous materials |
|
Chapter 60 |
High-piled combustible storage | To use any building or portion thereof as a high-piled storage area exceeding 500 ft2 (46.45 m2)
|
20.15.8.2 |
High-powered rocketry | For the manufacture, sale, and use of high-powered rocketry | 65.8.2; 65.7.2 |
Hot work operations | To conduct hot work | 17.3.2; 41.1.5:41.3.4 |
Industrial ovens and furnaces | For operation of industrial ovens and furnaces covered by Chapter 51 | 51.1.2 |
Laboratories | For construction, alteration, or operation | 26.3 |
Liquefied petroleum gases |
|
42.11.2.2.4 69.1.2 |
Liquid- or gas-fueled vehicles | To display, compete, or demonstrate liquid- or gas-fueled vehicles or equipment in assembly buildings
|
20.1.5.5.1 |
Lumberyards and woodworking plants
|
For storage of lumber exceeding 100,000 board ft | 31.2 |
Cannabis growing, processing, or extraction facilities
|
For the construction, alteration, or operation of a cannabis growing, processing, or extraction facility
|
38.2 |
Marine craft fuel servicing | To provide marine craft fuel servicing | 42.9.1.4 |
Means of egress | For the modification of a means of egress system in an existing building | 1.7.11.6 |
Membrane structures, tents, and canopies — permanent
|
For construction, location, erection, or placement | 25.1.2 |
Membrane structures, tents, and canopies — temporary
|
To erect or operate an air-supported temporary membrane structure or tent having an area in excess of 200 ft2 (18.6 m2) or a canopy in excess of 400 ft2 (37.2 m2)
Exception: Temporary membrane structures, tents, or canopy structures used exclusively for camping.
|
25.1.2 |
Mobile cooking operations | To conduct mobile cooking operations | 50.7 |
Motion picture and television production studio
soundstages and approved
production facilities
|
To design, construct, operate, and maintain soundstages and approved production facilities used in motion picture and television industry productions
|
32.2 |
Oil- and gas-fueled heating appliances
|
To install oil- and gas-fired heating appliances | 11.5.1.8 |
On-demand mobile fueling | To conduct on-demand mobile fueling operations | 42.12 |
Open burning | 10.11.1 | |
Open fires |
|
10.11.1 |
Organic coatings | For operation and maintenance of a facility that manufactures organic coatings | 43.1.1.4 |
Organic peroxide formulations |
To store, transport on site, use, or handle materials in excess of amounts listed in Tables 1.12.8(c) and (d)
|
Chapter 75 |
Outside storage of tires | To store more than 500 tires outside | 33.1.2 |
Oxidizers |
To store, transport on site, use, or handle materials in excess of amounts listed in Tables 1.12.8(c) and (d)
|
Chapter 70 |
Parade floats |
To use a parade float for public performance, presentation, spectacle, entertainment, or parade
|
10.17.1 |
Places of assembly | To operate a place of assembly | 10.15.1; 20.1.1.1 |
Pyrotechnic articles |
For the manufacture, storage, sale, or use of pyrotechnic articles within the |
65.2.3; 65.3.3; 65.5.2 |
Pyrotechnics before a proximate audience
|
For the display and use of pyrotechnic materials before a proximate audience | 65.3.3 |
Pyroxylin plastics | For storage, handling, assembly, or manufacture of pyroxylin plastics | 43.1.1.4 |
Private fire hydrants | For installation, modification, or removal from service of any private fire hydrants | 13.1.1.1 |
Refrigeration equipment | To install or operate a mechanical refrigeration unit or system regulated by this Code
|
53.1.3 |
Repair garages and service stations | For operation of service stations and repair garages | 30.1.1.3; 30.2.1.1 |
Rocketry manufacturing | For the manufacture of model rocket motors | 65.7.2 |
Rooftop heliports | For construction, modification, or operation of a rooftop heliport | 21.3.2.1 |
Solvent extraction | For storage, use, and handling | 44.3 |
Spraying or dipping of flammable finish
|
For installation or modification of any spray room, spray booth, or preparation work station, or to conduct a spraying or dipping operation utilizing flammable
or combustible liquids or powder coating
|
43.1.1.4 |
Standpipe systems | For installation, modification, or removal from service of any standpipe system* | 13.1.1.1 |
Special outdoor events | For the location and operation of special outdoor events | 10.15.1 |
Tar kettles |
To place a tar kettle, a permit must be obtained prior to the placement of a tar kettle
|
16.7.1.2; 17.3.2 |
Tire storage | To use an open area or portion thereof to store tires in excess of 500 tires | 33.1.2; 34.1.2 |
Torch-applied roofing operation
|
For the use of a torch for application of roofing materials | 16.6.1 |
Water supply system for fire flow | For the construction of a water supply system for fire flow | 18.1.2 |
Wildland-fire-prone areas | For use of hazardous areas within fire-prone areas | 17.3.2 |
Wood products | To store wood chips, hogged material, wood by-products, lumber, or plywood in excess of 200 ft3 (5.7 m3)
|
31.2 |
* Maintenance performed in accordance with this Code is not considered a modification and does not require a permit.
†(Cooking and recreational fires are exempt and do not require a permit.
†(Cooking and recreational fires are exempt and do not require a permit.
Type of Gas | Amount* | |
---|---|---|
ft3 | m3 | |
Corrosive
|
200 | 0.57 |
Flammable
|
200 | 0.57 |
Highly toxic
|
Any amount | |
Inert and simple asphyxiant
|
6000 | 169.9 |
Oxidizing (including oxygen)
|
504 | 14.3 |
Any amount | ||
Toxic
|
Any amount | |
Unstable (reactive)
|
Any amount |
*Cubic feet measured at normal temperature and pressure.
Type of Cryogen | Inside Building (gal) |
Outside Building (gal) |
---|---|---|
Corrosive
|
Over 1 | Over 1 |
Flammable
|
Over 1 | 60 |
Toxic/highly toxic
|
Over 1 | Over 1 |
Nonflammable
|
60 | 500 |
Oxidizer (includes oxygen)
|
10 | 50 |
Type of Material | Amount | |
---|---|---|
U.S. Unit | Metric Unit | |
Cellulose nitrate
|
25 lb | 11.3 kg |
100 ft3 | 2.8 m3 | |
See Table 1.12.8(a) | ||
Corrosive gases
|
See Table 1.12.8(b) | |
Corrosive liquids
|
55 gal | 208 L |
Corrosive solids
|
500 lb | 227 kg |
Cryogens
|
See Table 1.12.8(c) | |
Display fireworks (1.3G)
|
Any amount | |
Explosives
|
Any amount | |
Flammable gases
|
See Table 1.12.8(b) | |
See Table 1.12.8(a) | ||
100 lb | 45.4 kg | |
Highly toxic gases
|
See Table 1.12.8(b) | |
Highly toxic liquids
|
Any amount | |
Highly toxic solids
|
Any amount | |
LP-Gas
|
See Table 1.12.8(b) | |
Nitrate film (cellulose)
|
Any amount | |
See Table 1.12.8(a) | ||
Class I |
Any amount | |
Class II |
Any amount | |
Class III |
10 lb | 4.5 kg |
Class IV |
20 lb | 9 kg |
Class V |
Not required | |
Unclassified detonable
|
Any amount | |
Oxidizing gases
|
See Table 1.12.8(b) | |
Oxidizing liquids:
|
See Table 1.12.8(a) | |
Any amount | ||
1 gal | 3.8 L | |
10 gal | 38 L | |
55 gal | 208 L | |
Oxidizing solids:
|
See Table 1.12.8(a) | |
Any amount | ||
10 lb | 4.5 kg | |
100 lb | 45 kg | |
500 lb | 227 kg | |
Pyrophoric gases
|
See Table 1.12.8(b) | |
Any amount | ||
Any amount | ||
Toxic gases
|
See Table 1.12.8(b) | |
Toxic liquids
|
10 gal | 38 L |
Toxic solids
|
100 lb | 45 kg |
Unstable (reactive) gases
|
See Table 1.12.8(b) | |
Unstable (reactive) liquids:
|
||
Any amount | ||
Any amount | ||
5 gal | 19 L | |
10 gal | 38 L | |
Unstable (reactive) solids:
|
||
Any amount | ||
Any amount | ||
50 lb | 22.7 kg | |
100 lb | 45 kg | |
Water reactive liquids:
|
||
Any amount | ||
5 gal | 19 L | |
10 gal | 38 L | |
Water reactive solids:
|
||
Any amount | ||
50 lb | 22.7 kg | |
100 lb | 45 kg |
The AHJ shall have the authority to require certificates of fitness and collect fees for individuals or companies performing any of the following activities:
- Inspection, servicing, or recharging of portable fire extinguishers
- Installation, servicing, modification, or recharging of fixed fire extinguishing systems
- Installation, servicing, or modification of fire alarm or fire communication systems
- Installation, modification, or servicing of gas- or oil-burning heating systems
- Chimney sweep operations
- Installation, inspection, servicing, or modification of range-hood systems
- Installation or servicing of private fire service mains and their appurtenances
- Crowd management services required by the Code
- Utilization of pyrotechnics before a proximate audience
- Installation, modification, or maintenance of liquefied petroleum gas or liquefied natural gas tanks or systems
- Installation or modification of medical gas systems where a permit is required by Table 1.12.8(a)
- Installation, modification, or maintenance of standpipe systems
- Installation, modification, or maintenance of automatic sprinkler systems
- Installation, modification, or maintenance of fire pumps
- Installation, modification, or maintenance of tanks, wells, or drafting points used for fire protection water supplies
The AHJ shall require certificates of fitness and collect fees for individuals or companies performing any of the following activities:
- Use of explosive materials
- Fireworks displays involving display fireworks, 1.3G
All applications for a certificate of fitness shall be filed
with the AHJ on forms provided by the AHJ.
Every individual or company applying for a certificate
of fitness shall furnish to the AHJ evidence of a familiarity with
applicable codes, regulations, standards, listings, guidelines,
and construction and safety practices for the activity for which
the certificate of fitness is issued.
The AHJ shall investigate every application for a
certificate of fitness.
The investigation shall include an examination of
the applicant's experience and training in the field of the
certificate of fitness for which application has been made.
When the AHJ determines that an applicant is not fit
to receive the certificate of fitness because of the applicant's
inability to comply with the provisions of this Code, the AHJ
shall refuse to issue the certificate of fitness.
If the refusal is based on the applicant's inability to
pass an examination given to determine competency, the applicant shall not be permitted to apply again for the certificate of
fitness within a 10-day period following the examination.
Certificates of fitness shall not be transferable.
Certificates of fitness shall be issued for the period of
time as indicated on the certificate of fitness as determined by
the AHJ, but such period of time shall not exceed 3 years.
Applications for renewal of a certificate of fitness shall
be filed in the same manner as an application for an original
certificate.
Each individual or company holding a certificate of
fitness shall notify the AHJ in writing of any address change
within 10 days after such change.
A certificate of fitness shall be in the form of an identification card. The card shall contain the following information:
- Purpose for which the certificate of fitness is issued
- Date of expiration
- Information necessary to easily identify the individual to whom the certificate of fitness is issued
- Signature of the individual to whom the certificate of fitness is issued
- Name and signature of the AHJ or a designated representative
- Statement printed thereon in bold type the following:
THIS CERTIFICATE IS NOT AN ENDORSEMENT OF THIS INDIVIDUAL OR COMPANY BY THE AUTHORITY HAVING JURISDICTION.
Any individual or company to whom a certificate of
fitness has been granted shall, upon request, produce and show
proper identification and the certificate of fitness to anyone for
whom that individual seeks to render services or to the AHJ.
The AHJ shall be permitted to revoke or suspend a
certificate of fitness issued if any violation of this Code is found
upon inspection or where any false statements or misrepresentations are submitted in the application on which the approval
was based.
Revocation or suspension shall be constituted when
notification is served, posted, or mailed to the address of
record for the certificate holder.
Failure on the part of an individual to give such notification of a change of address required by 1.13.9 shall constitute grounds for revocation of the certificate of fitness.
Revocations or suspensions of a certificate of fitness
by the AHJ are appealable to the Board of Appeals as established in Section 1.10.
Where required by the AHJ for new construction,
modification, or rehabilitation, construction documents and
shop drawings shall be submitted, reviewed, and approved
prior to the start of such work as provided in Section 1.14.
The applicant shall be responsible to ensure that the following conditions are met:
- The construction documents include all of the fire protection requirements.
- The shop drawings are correct and in compliance with the applicable codes and standards.
- The contractor maintains an approved set of construction documents on site.
It shall be the responsibility of the AHJ to promulgate rules that cover the following:
- Criteria to meet the requirements of Section 1.14
- Review of documents and construction documents within established time frames for the purpose of acceptance or providing reasons for nonacceptance
Review and approval by the AHJ shall not relieve the
applicant of the responsibility of compliance with this Code.
When required by the AHJ, revised construction documents or shop drawings shall be prepared and submitted for
review and approval to illustrate corrections or modifications
necessitated by field conditions or other revisions to approved
construction documents.
When required by the AHJ, plans and design documents shall be prepared by a registered design professional.
The independent reviewer shall provide an evaluation
and recommend necessary changes of the proposed design,
operation, process, or new technology to the AHJ.
The AHJ shall be authorized to require design submittals to bear the stamp of a registered design professional.
Whenever the AHJ determines violations of this Code, a written notice shall be issued to confirm
such findings.
Any order or notice of violation issued pursuant to this Code shall be served upon the owner, operator, occupant, registered agent, or other person responsible for the condition or violation by one of the following means:
- Personal service
- Mail to last known address of the owner, operator, or registered agent
For unattended or abandoned locations, a copy of such order or notice of violation shall be posted on the premises in a conspicuous place at or near the entrance to such premises, and the order or notice shall be disseminated in accordance with one of the following:
- Mailed to the last known address of the owner, occupant, or registered agent
- Published in a newspaper of general circulation wherein the property in violation is located
Refusal of an owner, occupant, operator, or other
person responsible for the violation to accept the violation
notice shall not be cause to invalidate the violation or the
notice of violation. When acceptance of a notice of violation is
refused, valid notice shall have deemed to have been served
under this section provided the methods of service in 1.16.2.1
or 1.16.2.2 have been followed.
Violations of the provisions of this Code shall be
punishable by a fine or imprisonment as determined by a
penalty schedule adopted by the AHJ or specified by state law/
rules.
Where the AHJ has not adopted a separate penalty
schedule, or if state laws or rules do not specify a penalty, violations of this Code shall be subject to a $100.00 penalty per day
for each violation.
A separate notice of violation shall not be required to
be served each day for a violation to be deemed a separate
offense.
The AHJ shall be authorized to establish a
schedule of fees.