Chapter 69 Liquefied Petroleum Gases and Liquefied Natural Gases

Containers shall be designed, fabricated, tested, and marked (or stamped) in accordance with the regulations of the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT 49 CFR); Federal Aviation Administration (FAA 14 CFR) the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, "Rules for the Construction of Unfired Pressure Vessels"; or the API-ASME Code for Unfired Pressure Vessels for Petroleum Liquids and Gases, except for UG-125 through UG-136. [58:5.2.1.1]

Containers that have been involved in a fire and show no distortion shall be requalified for continued service before being used or reinstalled. [58:5.2.1.2]

ASME paragraph U-68 or U-69 containers shall be permitted to be continued in use, installed, reinstalled, or placed back into service. Installation of containers shall be in accordance with all provisions listed in NFPA 58. (See Section 5.2, Table 5.2.4.2, Table 5.9.2.5(A), and Annex D of NFPA 58.) [58:5.2.1.3]

Containers that show excessive denting, bulging, gouging, or corrosion shall be removed from service. [58:5.2.1.4]

Except for containers used in cargo tank vehicle service, ASME containers of 3000 gal (11.4 m³) water capacity or less used to store anhydrous ammonia shall not be converted to LP-Gas fuel service. [58:5.2.1.5]

Repairs or alteration of a container shall comply with the regulations, rules, or code under which the container was fabricated. Repairs or alteration to ASME containers shall be in accordance with the ANSI/NB23 National Board Inspection Code. [58:5.2.1.6]

Field welding shall be permitted only on saddle plates, lugs, pads, or brackets that are attached to the container by the container manufacturer. [58:5.2.1.7]

Containers for general use shall not have individual water capacities greater than 120,000 gal (454 m³). [58:5.2.1.8]

Dispensing systems not located in LP-Gas bulk plants, industrial plants, or industrial applications shall have an aggregate water capacity not greater than 30,000 gal (114 m³). [58:5.2.1.9]

Heating or cooling coils shall not be installed inside storage containers. [58:5.2.1.10]

ASME containers installed underground, partially underground, or as mounded installations shall incorporate provisions for cathodic protection and shall be coated with a material recommended for the service that is applied in accordance with the coating manufacturer's instructions. [58:5.2.1.11]

Cylinders shall incorporate protection against physical damage to cylinder appurtenances and immediate connections to such appurtenances when not in use by any of the following means:

1. A ventilated cap
2. A ventilated collar
3. A cylinder valve providing inherent protection as defined by DOT in 49 CFR 173.301(h)(3) [58:5.2.6.1]

Protection of appurtenances of portable containers, skid tanks, and tanks for use as cargo tanks of more than 1000 lb (454 kg) water capacity [nominal 420 lb (191 kg) propane capacity] shall comply with 69.2.1.2.2.1 through 69.2.1.2.2.3. [58:5.2.6.2]

The legs or supports, or the lugs for the attachment of legs or supports, shall be secured to the container in accordance with the ASME code under which the container was designed and built. [58:5.2.7.1]

The attachment of a container to either a trailer or semitrailer running gear, or the attachments to the container to make it a vehicle, so that the unit can be moved by a conventional over-the-road tractor, shall comply with the DOT requirements for cargo tank service. [58:5.2.7.2]

Portable tank design and construction of a full framework, skids, or lugs for the attachment of skids, and protection of fittings shall be in accordance with DOT portable tank specifications. The bottom of the skids shall be not less than 2 in. (51 mm) or more than 12 in. (300 mm) below the outside bottom of the tank shell. [58:5.2.7.3]

Cylinders shall be marked as provided in the regulations, rules, or code under which they are fabricated. [58:5.2.8.1]

Cylinders shall be marked with the following information:

1. Water capacity of the cylinder in pounds
2. Tare weight of the cylinder in pounds, fitted for service [58:5.2.8.2]

The markings specified for ASME containers shall be on a stainless steel metal nameplate attached to the container, located to remain visible after the container is installed. [58:5.2.8.3]

Warning labels shall meet the following requirements:

1. Warning labels shall be applied to all cylinders of 100 lb (45.4 kg) propane capacity or less that are not filled on site.
2. Warning labels shall include information on the potential hazards of LP-Gas. [58:5.2.8.4]

All containers that contain unodorized LP-Gas products shall be marked "NOT ODORIZED." [58:5.2.8.5].

Steel supports shall be designed to make the container self-supporting without guy wires and to withstand the wind and seismic (earthquake) forces anticipated at the site. [58:5.6.1.1]

Steel supports shall be protected against fire exposure with a material having a fire resistance rating of at least 2 hours. [58:5.6.1.2]

Continuous steel skirts having only one opening of 18 in. (460 mm) or less in diameter shall have 2-hour fire protection applied to the outside of the skirt. [58:5.6.1.3]

The legs or supports, or the lugs for the attachment of legs or supports, shall be secured to the container in accordance with the ASME code under which the container was designed and built. [58:5.6.3.1]

The ASME container shall be attached to either:

1. A trailer or semitrailer running gear, or the attachments to the container to make it a vehicle, so that the unit can be moved by a conventional over-the-road tractor.
2. A metal frame such that the container can be moved as a trailer if wheels are added, which shall be approved for stationary use, or on a flat rail car.
3. Protection of appurtenances shall be in accordance with 69.2.1.2.
4. Movable fuel storage tenders shall be secured to the trailer support structure for the service involved.

Container appurtenances and regulators shall be fabricated of materials that are compatible with LP-Gas, shall be resistant to the action of LP-Gas under service conditions.

Pressure-containing metal parts of appurtenances shall have a minimum melting point of 1500°F (816°C), except for the following:

1. Fusible elements
2. Approved or listed variable liquid level gauges used in containers of 3500 gal (13.2 m³) water capacity or less

Container appurtenances shall have a service pressure of at least 250 psig (1.7 MPag). [58:5.9.1.3]

Gaskets used to retain LP-Gas in containers shall be resistant to the action of LP-Gas. [58:5.9.1.4]

Containers installed outside of buildings, whether of the portable type replaced on a cylinder exchange basis or permanently installed and refilled at the installation, shall be located with respect to the adjacent containers, important building, group of buildings, or line of adjoining property that can be built upon, in accordance with Table 69.3.5.1.1, Table 69.3.6.1.2, 69.3.5.1.2 through 69.3.5.1.3, 69.3.5.3, 69.3.5.4.1 through 69.3.5.4.4, and 69.3.6.3.6 through 69.3.6.3.11. [58:6.4.1.1]

Water Capacity per Container		Minimum Distances
		Mounded or Underground Containersa		Aboveground Containers		Between Containersb
gal	m3	ft	m	ft	m	ft	m
<125c	<0.5c	10	3	0d	0d	0	0
125—250	0.5—1.0	10	3	10	3	0	0
251—500	>1.0—1.9	10	3	10	3	3	1
501—2,000	>1.9—7.6	10	3	25e	7.6	3	1
2,001—30,000	>7.6—114	50	15	50	15	5	1.5
30,001—70,000	>114—265	50	15	75	23	1/4 of sum of diameters of adjacent containers
70,001—90,000	>265—341	50	15	100	30
90,001—120,000	>341—454	50	15	125	38
120,001—200,000	>454—757	50	15	200	61
200,001—1,000,000	>757—3785	50	15	300	91
>1,000,000	>3785	50	15	400	122

When the provisions of 6.30.3 through 6.30.5 of NFPA 58 are met, the minimum distance from an ASME container to a building shall be reduced by one-half for ASME containers of 2001 gal through 30,000 gal (7.6 m³ through 114 m³) water capacity. [58:6.4.1.2]

The 25 ft (7.6 m) minimum distance from aboveground ASME containers of 501 gal through 2000 gal (1.9 m³ through 7.6 m³) water capacity to buildings, a group of buildings, or the line of adjoining property that can be built upon shall be reduced to 10 ft (3 m) for a single ASME container of 1200 gal (4.5 m³) or less water capacity where such container is at least 25 ft (7.6 m) from any other LP-Gas container of more than 125 gal (0.5 m³) water capacity. [58:6.4.1.3]

Minimum distances for underground or mounded ASME containers of 2001 gal through 30,000 gal (7.6 m³ through 114 m³) water capacity, incorporating all the provisions of Section 6.30 of NFPA 58, shall be reduced to 10 ft (3 m). [58:6.4.2.1]

Distances for all underground and mounded ASME containers shall be measured from the container surface. [58:6.4.2.2]

No part of an underground or mounded ASME container shall be less than 10 ft (3 m) from a building or line of adjoining property that can be built upon. [58:6.4.2.3]

The minimum separation distances specified in Table 69.3.5.1.1 between containers and buildings of noncombustible construction devoted exclusively to gas manufacturing and distribution operations shall be reduced to 10 ft (3 m). [58:6.4.3.1]

If the aggregate water capacity of a multicontainer installation is 501 gal (1.9 m³) or more and the installation is comprised of individual containers, each with a water capacity of less than 125 gal (0.5 m³), the minimum distance shall comply with Table 69.3.5.1.1 and 69.3.5.3.2.1 through 69.3.5.3.2.3. [58:6.4.3.2]

Cylinders shall not be located and installed underneath any building unless the space is open to the atmosphere for 50 percent of its perimeter or more. [58:6.4.4.1]

ASME containers of less than 125 gal (0.5 m³) water capacity shall be located and installed so that the discharge from pressure relief devices shall not terminate in or beneath any building. [58:6.4.4.2]

The distance measured horizontally from the point of discharge of a container pressure relief valve to any building opening below the level of such discharge shall be in accordance with Table 69.3.5.4.3. [58:6.4.4.3]

Container Type	Exchange or Filled on Site at the Point of Use	Distance Horizontally from Relief Valve Discharge to Opening Below Discharge		Discharge from Relief Valve, Vent Discharge, and Filling Connection to Exterior Source of Ignition, Openings into Direct-Vent Appliances, and Mechanical Ventilation Air Intakes
		ft	m	ft	m
Cylinder	Exchange	3	0.9	5	1.5
Cylinder	Filled on site at the point of use	3	0.9	10	3.0
ASME	Filled on site at the point of use	5	1.5	10	3.0

The distance measured in any direction from the point of discharge of a container pressure relief valve, vent of a fixed maximum liquid level gauge on a container, and the container filling connection to exterior sources of ignition, openings into direct-vent (sealed combustion system) appliances, and mechanical ventilation air intakes shall be in accordance with Table 69.3.5.4.3. [58:6.4.4.4]

Access at the ends or sides of individual underground containers having a water capacity of 125 gal (0.5 m³) or more shall be provided in multicontainer installations to facilitate working with cranes or hoists. [58:6.4.4.5]

Where storage containers having an aggregate water capacity of more than 4000 gal (15.2 m³) are located in heavily populated or congested areas, the siting provisions of 69.3.5.1.1 and Table 69.3.5.1.1 shall be permitted to be modified as indicated by the fire safety analysis described in 6.29.3 of NFPA 58. [58:6.5.1.1]

Aboveground multicontainer installations comprised of ASME containers having an individual water capacity of 12,000 gal (45 m³) or more and installed for use in a single location shall be limited to the number of containers in one group, with each group separated from the next group in accordance with the degree of fire protection provided in Table 69.3.6.1.2. [58:6.5.1.2]

Fire Protection Provided by	Maximum Number of Containers in One Group	Minimum Separation Between Groups
		ft	m
Hose streams only (see 6.5.1.2 and 6.29.3.1 of NFPA 58)	6	50	15
Fixed monitor nozzles per 6.29.6.3 of NFPA 58	6	25	7.6
Fixed water spray per 6.29.6.1 of NFPA 58	9	25	7.6
Insulation per 6.29.5.1 of NFPA 58	9	25	7.6

Where the provisions of 6.30.3 and 6.30.4 of NFPA 58 are met, the minimum separation distance between groups of ASME containers protected by hose stream only shall be one-half the distances required in Table 69.3.6.1.2. [58:6.5.1.3]

Underground or mounded ASME containers shall be located in accordance with 69.3.6.2.2 and 69.3.6.2.3. [58:6.5.2.1]

Underground or mounded containers shall be located outside of any buildings. [58:6.5.2.2]

Buildings shall not be constructed over any underground or mounded containers. [58:6.5.2.3]

The sides of adjacent containers shall be separated in accordance with Table 69.3.5.1.1 but shall not be separated by less than 3 ft (1 m). [58:6.4.2.4]

Where containers are installed parallel with ends in line, the number of containers in one group shall not be limited. [58:6.4.2.5]

Where more than one row of containers is installed, the adjacent ends of the containers in each row shall be separated by not less than 10 ft (3 m). [58:6.4.2.6]

Additional container installation requirements shall comply with 69.3.6.3.2 through 69.3.6.3.13 and 69.3.6.4. [58:6.5.3.1]

Containers shall not be stacked one above the other. [58:6.5.3.2]

Combustible materials shall not accumulate or be stored within 10 ft (3 m) of a container. [58:6.5.3.3]

The area under containers shall be graded or shall have dikes or curbs installed so that the flow or accumulation of flammable liquids with flash points below 200°F (93.4°C) is prevented. [58:6.5.3.4]

LP-Gas containers shall be located at least 10 ft (3 m) from the centerline of the wall of diked areas containing flammable or Class II combustible liquids. [58:6.5.3.5]

The minimum horizontal separation between aboveground LP-Gas containers and aboveground tanks containing liquids having flash points below 200°F (93.4°C) shall be 20 ft (6 m). [58:6.5.3.6]

The requirements of 69.3.6.3.6 shall not apply where LP-Gas containers of 125 gal (0.5 m³) or less water capacity are installed adjacent to fuel oil supply tanks of 660 gal (2.5 m³) or less capacity. [58:6.5.3.7]

No horizontal separation shall be required between aboveground LP-Gas containers and underground tanks containing flammable or combustible liquids installed in accordance with NFPA 30. [58:6.5.3.8]

The minimum separation between LP-Gas containers and oxygen or gaseous hydrogen containers shall be in accordance with NFPA 55. [58:6.5.3.9]

Where protective structures having a minimum fire resistance rating of 2 hours interrupt the line of sight between uninsulated portions of the oxygen or hydrogen containers and the LP-Gas containers, no minimum distance shall apply. [58:6.5.3.10]

The minimum separation between LP-Gas containers and liquefied hydrogen containers shall be in accordance with NFPA 55. [58:6.5.3.11]

Where LP-Gas cylinders are to be stored or used in the same area with other compressed gases, the cylinders shall be marked to identify their content in accordance with ANSI/CGA C-7, Guide to the Preparation of Precautionary Labeling and Marking of Compressed Gas Containers. [58:6.5.3.12]

An aboveground LP-Gas container and any of its parts shall not be located within 6 ft (1.8 m) of a vertical plane beneath overhead electric power lines that are over 600 volts, nominal. [58:6.5.3.13]

Structures such as fire walls, fences, earth or concrete barriers, and other similar structures shall not be permitted around or over installed nonrefrigerated containers unless specifically allowed. [58:6.5.4.1]

Structures partially enclosing containers shall be permitted if designed in accordance with a sound fire protection analysis. [58:6.5.4.2]

Structures used to prevent flammable or combustible liquid accumulation or flow shall be permitted in accordance with 69.3.6.3.4. [58:6.5.4.3]

Structures between LP-Gas containers and gaseous hydrogen containers shall be permitted in accordance with 69.3.6.3.10. [58:6.5.4.4]

Structures such as fences shall be permitted in accordance with 6.21.4 of NFPA 58. [58:6.5.4.5]

Liquid shall be transferred into containers, including containers mounted on vehicles, only outdoors or in structures specially designed for such purpose. [58:6.7.1.1]

The transfer of liquid into containers mounted on vehicles shall not take place within a building but shall be permitted to take place under a weather shelter or canopy. (See 6.27.3.3 of NFPA 58.) [58:6.7.1.2]

Structures housing transfer operations or converted for such use after December 31, 1972, shall comply with Chapter 10 of NFPA 58. [58:6.7.1.3]

The transfer of liquid into containers on the roofs of structures shall be permitted, provided that the installation conforms to the requirements specified in 6.8.7 and 6.22.11 of NFPA 58. [58:6.7.1.4]

The transfer hose shall not be routed in or through any building except those specified in 69.3.7.1.3. [58:6.7.1.5]

Filling of containers located outdoors in stationary installations in accordance with 69.3.5 shall be permitted to be filled at that location. [58:6.7.1.6]

If the point of transfer of containers located outdoors in stationary installations is not located at the container, it shall be located in accordance with Table 69.3.7.2.1. [58:6.7.2.1]

Part	Exposure	Minimum Horizontal Distance
		ft	m
A	Buildings,a mobile homes, recreational vehicles, and modular homes with at least 1-hour fire-rated wallsb	10c	3.1
B	Buildingsa with other than at least 1-hour fire-rated wallsb	25c	7.6c
C	Building wall openings or pits at or below the level of the point of transfer	25c	7.6c
D	Line of adjoining property that can be built upon	25c	7.6c
E	Outdoor places of public assembly, including schoolyards, athletic fields, and playgrounds	50c	15c
F	Public ways, including public streets, highways, thoroughfares, and sidewalks
	(1) From points of transfer for LP-Gas dispensing systems	10	3.1
	(2) From other points of transfer	25c	7.6c
G	Drivewaysd	5	1.5
H	Mainline railroad track centerlines	25	7.6
I	Containerse other than those being filled	10	3.1
J	Flammable and Class II combustible liquidf dispensers and the fill connections of containers	10c	3.1c
K	Flammable and Class II combustible liquid aboveground containers, and filling connections of underground containers	20	6.1
L	Stored or accumulated combustible materials	10	3.1

Containers not located in stationary installations shall be filled at a location determined by the point of transfer in accordance with Table 69.3.7.2.1. [58:6.7.2.2]

If the point of transfer is a component of a system covered by Section 6.26 or Chapter 11 of NFPA 58, the requirements of parts A, B, and C of Table 69.3.7.2.1 shall not apply to the structure containing the point of transfer. [58:6.7.3.1]

If LP-Gas is vented to the atmosphere under the conditions stipulated in 7.3.1(5) of NFPA 58, the distances in Table 69.3.7.2.1 shall be doubled. [58:6.7.3.2]

If the point of transfer is housed in a structure complying with Chapter 10 of NFPA 58, and the common walls comply with 10.2.1 of NFPA 58, separation distances in Table 69.3.7.2.1 shall not be required where the common walls comply with 10.3.1.3 of NFPA 58. [58:6.7.3.3]

The distances in Table 69.3.7.2.1, parts B, C, D, E, F(2), and J, shall be reduced by one-half where the system incorporates the provisions of low emission transfer as provided in 6.30.5 of NFPA 58. [58:6.7.3.4]

Containers shall be positioned so that the pressure relief valve is in direct communication with the vapor space of the container. [58:6.8.1.1]

LP-Gas containers or systems that are installed within 10 ft (3m)of public vehicular thoroughfares shall be provided with a means of vehicular barrier protection. [58:6.8.1.2]

Field welding on containers shall be limited to nonpressure parts such as saddle plates, wear plates, or brackets installed by the container manufacturer. [58:6.8.1.3]

Aboveground containers shall be painted. [58:6.8.1.4]

Containers shall be installed so that all container operating appurtenances are accessible. [58:6.8.1.5]

Where necessary to prevent flotation due to possible high flood waters around aboveground or mounded containers, or high water table for those underground and partially underground, containers shall be securely anchored. [58:6.8.1.6]

Cylinders shall be installed only aboveground and shall be set upon a firm foundation or otherwise be firmly secured. (See 69.3.8.2.2.) [58:6.8.2.1]

The cylinder shall not be in contact with the soil. [58:6.8.2.2]

Flexibility shall be provided in the connecting piping. (See 69.3.8.2.4.) [58:6.8.2.3]

Where flexible connectors are used, they shall comply with 6.11.6 of NFPA 58. [58:6.8.2.4]

Automatic shutdown of internal valves in liquid service shall be provided using thermal (fire) actuation. [58:6.13.3.1]

The thermal sensing element of the internal valve shall be within 5 ft (1.5 m) of the internal valve. [58:6.13.3.2]

At least one remote shutdown station for internal valves in liquid service shall be installed in accordance with the following:

1. Not less than 25 ft (7.6 m) or more than 100 ft (30 m) from the liquid transfer point
2. Not less than 25 ft (7.6 m) from the internal valves that are being controlled
3. Along a path of egress from the liquid transfer point

This requirement shall be retroactive to all internal valves required by NFPA 58. [58:6.13.4.2]

Each emergency shutoff valve shall have at least one clearly identified and easily accessible manually operated remote emergency shutoff device. [58:6.14.12.1]

The shutoff device shall be located not less than 25 ft (7.6 m) or more than 100 ft (30 m) in the path of egress from the emergency shutoff valve. [58:6.14.12.2]

Where an emergency shutoff valve is used in lieu of an internal valve in compliance with 5.9.4.2(D)(2) of NFPA 58, the remote shutoff device shall be installed in accordance with 69.3.9.4 and 69.3.9.5. [58:6.14.12.3]

Subsection 69.3.12 shall apply to the installation of the following LP-Gas systems in buildings or structures:

1. Cylinders inside of buildings or on the roofs or exterior balconies of buildings
2. Systems in which the liquid is piped from outside containers into buildings or onto the roof

The phrase cylinders in use shall mean connected for use. [58:6.22.1.2]

Storage of cylinders awaiting use shall be in accordance with Chapter 8 of NFPA 58. [58:6.22.1.3]

Transportation of cylinders within a building shall be in accordance with 6.22.3.6 of NFPA 58. [58:6.22.1.4]

The following provisions shall be required in addition to those specified in Sections 6.2 and 6.4 of NFPA 58:

1. Liquid transfer systems shall be in accordance with Chapter 7 of NFPA 58.
2. Engine fuel systems used inside buildings shall be in accordance with Chapter 11 of NFPA 58.
3. LP-Gas transport or cargo tank vehicles stored, serviced, or repaired in buildings shall be in accordance with Chapter 9 of NFPA 58.

Cylinders shall be in accordance with the following:

1. Cylinders shall not exceed 245 lb (111 kg) water capacity [nominal 100 lb (45 kg) propane capacity] each.
2. Cylinders shall comply with other applicable provisions of Section 5.2 of NFPA 58, and they shall be equipped as provided in Section 5.9 of NFPA 58.
3. Cylinders shall be marked in accordance with 5.2.8.1 and 5.2.8.2 of NFPA 58.
4. Cylinders with propane capacities greater than 2 lb (0.9 kg) shall be equipped as provided in Table 5.9.4.1(B) of NFPA 58, and an excess-flow valve shall be provided for vapor service when used indoors.
5. Cylinder valves shall be protected in accordance with 5.2.6.1 of NFPA 58.
6. Cylinders having water capacities greater than 2.7 lb (1.2 kg) and connected for use shall stand on a firm and substantially level surface.
7. Cylinders shall be secured in an upright position if necessary.
8. Cylinders and the valve-protecting devices used with them shall be oriented to minimize the possibility of impingement of the pressure relief device discharge on the cylinder and adjacent cylinders.

Manifolds and fittings connecting cylinders to pressure regulator inlets shall be designed for at least 250 psig (1.7MPag) service pressure. [58:6.22.2.2]

Piping shall comply with Section 5.11 of NFPA 58 and shall have a pressure rating of 250 psig (1.7 MPag). [58:6.22.2.3]

Liquid piping and vapor piping at pressures above 125 psig (0.9 MPag) shall be installed in accordance with 6.11.3 of NFPA 58. [58:6.22.2.4]

Hose, hose connections, and flexible connectors shall comply with the following:

1. Hose used at pressures above 5 psig (34 kPag) shall be designed for a pressure of at least 350 psig (2.4 MPag).
2. Hose used at a pressure of 5 psig (34 kPag) or less and used in agricultural buildings not normally occupied by the public shall be designed for the operating pressure of the hose.
3. Hose shall comply with 5.10.6 of NFPA 58.
4. Hose shall be installed in accordance with 6.23.4 of NFPA 58.
5. Hose shall be as short as practical, without kinking or straining the hose or causing it to be close enough to a burner to be damaged by heat.
6. Hoses greater than 10 ft (3 m) in length shall be protected from damage.

Portable heaters, including salamanders, shall comply with the following:

1. Portable heaters shall be equipped with an approved automatic device to shut off the flow of gas to the main burner and to the pilot, if used, in the event of flame extinguishment or combustion failure.
2. Portable heaters shall be self-supporting unless designed for cylinder mounting.
3. Portable heaters shall not be installed utilizing cylinder valves, connectors, regulators, manifolds, piping, or tubing as structural supports.
4. Portable heaters having an input of more than 50,000 Btu/hr (53 MJ/hr) shall be equipped with either a pilot that must be lighted and proved before the main burner can be turned on or an approved electric ignition system.

The provisions of 69.3.12.2.6 shall not be applicable to the following:

1. Tar kettle burners, hand torches, or melting pots
2. Portable heaters with less than 7500 Btu/hr (8 MJ/hr) input if used with cylinders having a maximum water capacity of 2.7 lb (1.2 kg) and filled with not more than 16.8 oz (0.522 kg) of LP-Gas

Where cylinders are used and transported in buildings or structures under construction or undergoing major renovation and such buildings are not occupied by the public, the requirements of 69.3.12.3.2 through 69.3.12.3.10 shall apply. [58:6.22.4.1]

The use and transportation of cylinders in the unoccupied portions of buildings or structures under construction or undergoing major renovation that are partially occupied by the public shall be approved by the AHJ. [58:6.22.4.2]

Cylinders, equipment, piping, and appliances shall comply with 69.3.12.2. [58:6.22.4.3]

Heaters used for temporary heating shall be located at least 6 ft (1.8 m) from any cylinder. (See 69.3.12.3.5 for an exception to this requirement.) [58:6.22.4.4]

Integral heater-cylinder units specifically designed for the attachment of the heater to the cylinder, or to a supporting standard attached to the cylinder, and designed and installed to prevent direct or radiant heat application to the cylinder shall be exempt from the spacing requirement of 69.3.12.3.4. [58:6.22.4.5]

Blower-type and radiant-type units shall not be directed toward any cylinder within 20 ft (6.1 m). [58:6.22.4.6]

If two or more heater-cylinder units of either the integral or nonintegral type are located in an unpartitioned area on the same floor, the cylinder(s) of each such unit shall be separated from the cylinder(s) of any other such unit by at least 20 ft (6.1 m). [58:6.22.4.7]

If heaters are connected to cylinders manifolded together for use in an unpartitioned area on the same floor, the total water capacity of cylinders manifolded together serving any one heater shall not be greater than 735 lb (333 kg) [nominal 300 lb (136 kg) propane capacity]. If there is more than one such manifold, it shall be separated from any other by at least 20 ft (6.1 m). [58:6.22.4.8]

Where cylinders are manifolded together for connection to a heater(s) on another floor, the following shall apply.

1. Heaters shall not be installed on the same floors with manifolded cylinders.
2. The total water capacity of the cylinders connected to any one manifold shall not be greater than 2450 lb (1111 kg) [nominal 1000 lb (454 kg) propane capacity]
3. Manifolds of more than 735 lb (333 kg) water capacity [nominal 300 lb (136 kg) propane capacity], if located in the same unpartitioned area, shall be separated from each other by at least 50 ft (15 m).

Where compliance with the provisions of 69.3.12.3.6 through 69.3.12.3.9 is impractical, alternate installation provisions shall be allowed with the approval of the AHJ. [58:6.22.4.10]

Cylinders used and transported for repair or minor renovation in buildings frequented by the public during the hours the public normally occupies the building shall comply with the following:

1. The maximum water capacity of individual cylinders shall be 50 lb (23 kg) [nominal 20 lb (9.1 kg) propane capacity], and the number of cylinders in the building shall not exceed the number of workers assigned to the use of the propane.
2. Cylinders having a water capacity greater than 2.7 lb (1.2 kg) shall not be left unattended.

During the hours the building is not open to the public, cylinders used and transported within the building for repair or minor renovation and with a water capacity greater than 2.7 lb (1.2 kg) shall not be left unattended. [58:6.22.5.2]

Cylinders used in buildings housing industrial occupancies for processing, research, or experimental purposes shall comply with 69.3.12.5.1.1 and 69.3.12.5.1.2. [58:6.22.6.1]

The use of cylinders to supply fuel for temporary heating in buildings housing industrial occupancies with essentially noncombustible contents shall comply with the requirements in 69.3.12.3 for cylinders in buildings under construction. [58:6.22.6.2]

The use of fuel cylinders for temporary heating shall be permitted only where portable equipment for space heating is essential and a permanent heating installation is not practical. [58:6.22.6.3]

The use of cylinders in classrooms shall be prohibited unless they are used temporarily for classroom demonstrations in accordance with 69.3.12.8.1. [58:6.22.7.1]

Where cylinders are used in buildings housing educational and institutional laboratory occupancies for research and experimental purposes, the following shall apply:

1. The maximum water capacity of individual cylinders used shall be 50 lb (23 kg) [nominal 20 lb (9.1 kg) propane capacity] if used in educational occupancies and 12 lb (5.4 kg) [nominal 5 lb (2 kg) propane capacity] if used in institutional occupancies.
2. If more than one such cylinder is located in the same room, the cylinders shall be separated by at least 20 ft (6.1 m).
3. Cylinders not connected for use shall be stored in accordance with Chapter 8 of NFPA 58.
4. Cylinders shall not be stored in a laboratory room.

Cylinders shall not be used in buildings for temporary emergency heating purposes except when all of the following conditions are met:

1. The permanent heating system is temporarily out of service.
2. Heat is necessary to prevent damage to the buildings or contents.
3. The cylinders and heaters comply with, and are used and transported in accordance with, 69.3.12.2 and 69.3.12.3.
4. The temporary heating equipment is not left unattended.
5. Air for combustion and ventilation is provided in accordance with NFPA 54.

When a public emergency has been declared and gas, fuel, or electrical service has been interrupted, portable listed LP-Gas commercial food service appliances meeting the requirements of 69.3.12.8.4 shall be permitted to be temporarily used inside affected buildings. [58:6.22.8.2]

The portable appliances used shall be discontinued and removed from the building at the time the permanently installed appliances are placed back in operation. [58:6.22.8.3]

Cylinders used temporarily inside buildings for public exhibitions or demonstrations, including use in classroom demonstrations, shall be in accordance with the following:

1. The maximum water capacity of a cylinder shall be 12 lb (5.4 kg) [nominal 5 lb (2 kg) propane capacity].
2. If more than one such cylinder is located in a room, the cylinders shall be separated by at least 20 ft (6.1 m).

Cylinders used temporarily in buildings for training purposes related to the installation and use of LP-Gas systems shall be in accordance with the following:

1. The maximum water capacity of individual cylinders shall be 245 lb (111 kg) [nominal 100 lb (45 kg) propane capacity], but not more than 20 lb (9.1 kg) of propane shall be placed in a single cylinder.
2. If more than one such cylinder is located in the same room, the cylinders shall be separated by at least 20 ft (6.1 m).
3. The training location shall be acceptable to the AHJ.
4. Cylinders shall be promptly removed from the building when the training class has terminated.

Cylinders used in buildings as part of approved self-contained torch assemblies or similar appliances shall be in accordance with the following:

1. Cylinders used in buildings shall comply with UL 147A, Standard for Nonrefillable (Disposable) Type Fuel Gas Cylinder Assemblies.
2. Cylinders shall have a maximum water capacity of 2.7 lb (1.2 kg).

Cylinders used with commercial food service appliances shall be used inside restaurants and in attended commercial food catering operations in accordance with the following:

1. Cylinders and appliances shall be listed.
2. Commercial food service appliances shall not have more than two 10 oz (296 ml) nonrefillable butane gas cylinders, each having a maximum capacity of 1.08 lb (0.490 kg).
3. Cylinders shall comply with UL 147B, Standard for Nonrefillable (Disposable) Type Metal Container Assemblies for Butane.
4. Cylinders shall be connected directly to the appliance and shall not be manifolded.
5. Cylinders shall be an integral part of the listed, approved, commercial food service device and shall be connected without the use of a rubber hose.
6. Storage of cylinders shall be in accordance with 8.3.1 of NFPA 58.

Where cylinders are installed permanently on roofs of buildings, the buildings shall be of fire-resistant construction or noncombustible construction having essentially noncombustible contents, or of other construction or contents that are protected with automatic sprinklers. [58:6.22.11.1]

Cylinders having water capacities greater than 2.7 lb (1 kg) [nominal 1 lb (0.5 kg) LP-Gas capacity] shall not be located on decks or balconies of dwellings of two or more living units above the first floor unless they are served by exterior stairways. [58:6.22.11.2]

Patio heaters utilizing an integral LP-Gas container greater than 1.08 lb (0.49 kg) propane capacity shall comply with 69.3.13.1.2 and 69.3.13.1.3. [58:6.23.2.1]

Patio heaters shall be listed and used in accordance with their listing and the manufacturer's instructions. [58:6.23.2.2]

Patio heaters shall not be located within 5 ft (1.5 m) of exits from an assembly occupancy. [58:6.23.2.3]

The requirements of 69.3.13 shall apply to hoses used on the low-pressure side of regulators to connect portable appliances. [58:6.23.3.1]

Where used inside buildings, the following shall apply:

1. The hose shall be the minimum practical length and shall be in accordance with 69.3.12.2.5.
2. The hose shall not extend from one room to another or pass through any partitions, walls, ceilings, or floors except as provided by 69.3.12.3.9.
3. The hose shall not be concealed from view or used in concealed locations.

Where installed outside of buildings, the hose length shall be permitted to exceed 10 ft (3.3 m) but shall be as short as practical. [58:6.23.3.3]

Hose shall be securely connected to the appliance. [58:6.23.3.4]

The use of rubber slip ends shall not be permitted. [58:6.23.3.5]

A shutoff valve shall be provided in the piping immediately upstream of the inlet connection of the hose. [58:6.23.3.6]

Where more than one such appliance shutoff is located near another, the valves shall be marked to indicate which appliance is connected to each valve. [58:6.23.3.7]

Hose shall be protected against physical damage. [58:6.23.3.8]

Containers shall comply with 69.3.14.3.1.1 through 69.3.14.3.1.5. [58:6.26.3.1]

ASME containers and cylinders utilized for the purposes covered by 69.3.14 shall not be installed, transported, or stored (even temporarily) inside any vehicle covered by 69.3.14, except for ASME containers installed in accordance with 69.3.14.3.4.9, Chapter 9 of NFPA 58, or DOT regulations. [58:6.26.3.2]

The LP-Gas supply system, including the containers, shall be installed either on the outside of the vehicle or in a recess or cabinet vaportight to the inside of the vehicle but accessible from and vented to the outside, with the vents located near the top and bottom of the enclosure and 3 ft (1 m) horizontally away from any opening into the vehicle below the level of the vents. [58:6.26.3.3]

Containers shall be mounted securely on the vehicle or within the enclosing recess or cabinet. [58:6.26.3.4]

Cylinders installed on portable tar kettles alongside the kettle, on the vehicle frame, or on road surface heating equipment shall be protected from radiant or convected heat from open flame or other burners by the use of a heat shield or by the location of the cylinder(s) on the vehicle. In addition, the following shall apply:

1. Cylinder valves shall be closed when burners are not in use.
2. Cylinders shall not be refilled while burners are in use as provided in 7.2.3.2(B) of NFPA 58.

Container appurtenances shall be installed in accordance with the following:

1. Pressure relief valve installation on ASME containers installed in the interior of vehicles complying with Section 11.9 of NFPA 58 shall comply with 11.8.5 of NFPA 58.
2. Pressure relief valve installations on ASME containers installed on the outside of vehicles shall comply with 11.8.5 of NFPA 58 and 69.3.14.3.3.
3. Main shutoff valves on containers for liquid and vapor shall be readily accessible.
4. Cylinders shall be designed to be filled in either the vertical or horizontal position, or if they are the universal type, they are permitted to be filled in either position.
5. All container inlets, outlets, or valves installed in container inlets or outlets, except pressure relief devices and gauging devices, shall be labeled to designate whether they communicate with the vapor or liquid space.
6. Containers from which only vapor is to be withdrawn shall be installed and equipped with connections to minimize the possibility of the accidental withdrawal of liquid.

Regulators shall be installed in accordance with 6.10.2 of NFPA 58 and 69.3.14.4.2.1 through 69.3.14.4.2.5. [58:6.26.4.2]

Piping shall be installed in accordance with 6.11.3 of NFPA 58 and 69.3.14.5.1.1 through 69.3.14.5.1.13. [58:6.26.5.1]

There shall be no fuel connection between a tractor and trailer or other vehicle units. [58:6.26.5.2]

Installation shall be made in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and, in the case of approved equipment, as provided in the approval. [58:6.26.6.1]

Equipment installed on vehicles shall be protected against vehicular damage as provided for container appurtenances and connections in 69.3.14.3.4.5. [58:6.26.6.2]

Paragraph 69.3.14.7 shall apply to the installation of all appliances on vehicles. It shall not apply to engines. [58:6.26.7.1]

All appliances covered by 69.3.14.7 installed on vehicles shall be approved. [58:6.26.7.2]

Where the device or appliance, such as a cargo heater or cooler, is designed to be in operation while the vehicle is in transit, means, such as an excess flow valve to stop the flow of gas in the event of a line break, shall be installed. [58:6.26.7.3]

Gas-fired heating appliances shall be equipped with shutoffs in accordance with 5.23.7(A) of NFPA 58 except for portable heaters used with cylinders having a maximum water capacity of 2.7 lb (1.2 kg), portable torches, melting pots, and tar kettles. [58:6.26.7.4]

Gas-fired heating appliances, other than ranges and illuminating appliances installed on vehicles intended for human occupancy, shall be designed or installed to provide for a complete separation of the combustion system from the atmosphere inside the vehicle. [58:6.26.7.5]

Where unvented-type heaters that are designed to protect cargo are used on vehicles not intended for human occupancy, provisions shall be made to provide air from the outside for combustion and dispose of the products of combustion to the outside. [58:6.26.7.6]

Appliances installed in the cargo space of a vehicle shall be readily accessible whether the vehicle is loaded or empty. [58:6.26.7.7]

Appliances shall be constructed or otherwise protected to minimize possible damage or impaired operation due to cargo shifting or handling. [58:6.26.7.8]

Appliances shall be located so that a fire at any appliance will not block egress of persons from the vehicle. [58:6.26.7.9]

A permanent caution plate shall be affixed to either the appliance or the vehicle outside of any enclosure, shall be adjacent to the container(s), and shall include the following instructions:

1. Be sure all appliance valves are closed before opening container valve.
2. Connections at the appliances, regulators, and containers shall be checked periodically for leaks with soapy water or its equivalent.
3. Never use a match or flame to check for leaks.
4. Container valves shall be closed when equipment is not in use.

Gas-fired heating appliances and water heaters shall be equipped with automatic devices designed to shut off the flow of gas to the main burner and the pilot in the event the pilot flame is extinguished. [58:6.26.7.11]

Where vehicles with LP-Gas fuel systems used for purposes other than propulsion are parked, serviced, or repaired inside buildings, the requirements of 69.3.14.8.2 through 69.3.14.8.4 shall apply. [58:6.26.8.1]

The fuel system shall be leak-free, and the container(s) shall not be filled beyond the limits specified in Chapter 7 of NFPA 58. [58:6.26.8.2]

The container shutoff valve shall be closed, except that the container shutoff valve shall not be required to be closed when fuel is required for test or repair. [58:6.26.8.3]

The vehicle shall not be parked near sources of heat, open flames, or similar sources of ignition, or near unventilated pits. [58:6.26.8.4]

Vehicles having containers with water capacities larger than 300 gal (1.1 m³) shall comply with the requirements of Section 9.7 of NFPA 58. [58:6.26.8.5]

Subsection 69.3.15 includes the location, installation, and operation of vehicle fuel dispensers and dispensing systems. [58:6.27.1.1]

The provisions of 69.3.3 and 69.3.5, as modified by 69.3.15, shall apply. [58:6.27.1.2]

Location of vehicle fuel dispensers and dispensing systems shall be in accordance with Table 69.3.7.2.1. [58:6.27.2.1]

Vehicle fuel dispensers and dispensing systems shall be located away from pits in accordance with Table 69.3.7.2.1, with no drains or blow-offs from the unit directed toward or within 15 ft (4.6 m) of a sewer system's opening. [58:6.27.2.2]

Vehicle fuel dispensers and dispensing systems shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. [58:6.27.3.1]

Vehicle fuel dispensers and dispensing systems shall not be located within a building or structure, unless they comply with Chapter 10 of NFPA 58. [58:6.27.3.2]

Where a vehicle fuel dispenser or dispensing system is installed under a weather shelter or canopy, the area shall be ventilated and shall not be enclosed for more than 50 percent of its perimeter. [58:6.27.3.3]

Control for the pump used to transfer LP-Gas through the unit into containers shall be provided at the device in order to minimize the possibility of leakage or accidental discharge. [58:6.27.3.4]

A device that shuts off the flow of gas when flow exceeds the predetermined flow rate shall be installed as close as practical to the point where the dispenser hose connects to the liquid piping. [58:6.27.3.5]

Piping and the dispensing hose shall be provided with hydrostatic relief valves in accordance with Section 6.15 of NFPA 58. [58:6.27.3.6]

Protection against trespassing and tampering shall be in accordance with 6.21.4 of NFPA 58. [58:6.27.3.7]

The container liquid withdrawal opening used with vehicle fuel dispensers and dispensing stations shall be equipped with one of the following:

1. An internal valve fitted for remote closure and automatic shutoff using thermal (fire) actuation
2. A positive shutoff valve that is located as close to the container as practical in combination with an excess-flow valve installed in the container, plus an emergency shutoff valve that is fitted for remote closure and installed downstream in the line as close as practical to the positive shutoff valve

An identified and accessible remote emergency shutoff device for either the internal valve or the emergency shutoff valve required by 69.3.15.3.8(1) or 69.3.15.3.8(2) shall be installed not less than 3 ft (1 m) or more than 100 ft (30 m) from the liquid transfer point. [58:6.27.3.9]

Emergency shutoff valves and internal valves that are fitted for remote closure as required in this section shall be tested annually for proper operation. [58:6.27.3.10]

A manual shutoff valve and an excess-flow check valve shall be located in the liquid line between the pump and the dispenser inlet where the dispensing device is installed at a remote location and is not part of a complete storage and dispensing unit mounted on a common base. [58:6.27.3.11]

All dispensers shall be installed either on a concrete foundation or shall be part of a complete storage and dispensing unit mounted on a common base and installed in accordance with 6.8.3.1(F) of NFPA 58. [58:6.27.3.12]

Vehicle barrier protection (VBP) shall be provided for containers serving liquid dispensers where those containers are located within 10 ft of a vehicle thoroughfare or parking location. Such protection shall be either 69.3.15.3.13.1 or 69.3.15.3.13.2. [58:6.27.3.13]

Where the dispenser is not mounted on a common base with its storage container and the dispensing unit is located within 10 ft of a vehicle thoroughfare, parking location, or a engine fuel filling station, the dispenser shall be provided with VBP. [58:6.27.3.14]

Dispensers shall be protected from physical damage. [58:6.27.3.15]

A listed quick-acting shutoff valve shall be installed at the discharge end of the transfer hose. [58:6.27.3.16]

An identified and accessible switch or circuit breaker shall be installed outside at a location not less than 20 ft (6.1 m) or more than 100 ft (30.5 m) from the dispenser to shut off the power in the event of a fire, an accident, or other emergency. [58:6.27.3.17]

The markings for the switches or breakers shall be visible at the point of liquid transfer. [58:6.27.3.18]

Hose shall comply with the following:

1. Hose length shall not exceed 18 ft (5.5 m) unless approved by the AHJ.
2. All hose shall be listed.
3. When not in use, the hose shall be secured to protect the hose from damage.

A listed emergency breakaway device shall be installed and shall comply with UL 567, Standard for Emergency Breakaway Fittings, Swivel Connectors, and Pipe-Connection Fittings for Petroleum Products and LP-Gas, and be designed to retain liquid on both sides of the breakaway point, or other devices affording equivalent protection approved by the AHJ. [58:6.27.4.2]

Vehicle fuel dispensers shall be located as follows:

1. Conventional systems shall be at least 10 ft (3.0 m) from any dispensing device for Class I or Class II liquids.
2. Low-emission transfer systems in accordance with Section 6.30.5 of NFPA 58 shall be at least 5 ft (2 m) from any dispensing device for Class I or Class II liquids.

Transfer operations shall be conducted by qualified personnel meeting the provisions of Section 4.4 of NFPA 58. [58:7.2.1.1]

At least one qualified person shall remain in attendance at the transfer operation from the time connections are made until the transfer is completed, shutoff valves are closed, and lines are disconnected. [58:7.2.1.2]

Transfer personnel shall exercise caution to ensure that the LP-Gases transferred are those for which the transfer system and the containers to be filled are designed. [58:7.2.1.3]

Transfer of LP-Gas to and from a container shall be accomplished only by qualified individuals trained in proper handling and operating procedures meeting the requirements of Section 4.4 of NFPA 58 and in emergency response procedures. [58:7.2.2.1]

When noncompliance with Section 5.2 and Section 5.9 of NFPA 58 is found, the container owner and user shall be notified in writing. [58:7.2.2.2]

Injection of compressed air, oxygen, or any oxidizing gas into containers to transfer LP-Gas liquid shall be prohibited. [58:7.2.2.3]

When evacuating a container owned by others, the qualified person(s) performing the transfer shall not inject any material other than LP-Gas into the container. [58:7.2.2.4]

Valve outlets on refillable cylinders of 108 lb (49 kg) water capacity [nominal 45 lb (20 kg) propane capacity] or less shall be equipped with a redundant pressure-tight seal or one of the following listed connections: CGA 790, CGA 791, or CGA 810, as described in CGA V-I, Standard Compressed Gas Cylinder Valve Outlet and Inlet Connections. [58:7.2.2.5]

Where redundant pressure seals are used, they shall be in place whenever the cylinder is not connected for use. [58:7.2.2.6]

Nonrefillable (disposable) and new unused cylinders shall not be required to be equipped with valve outlet seals. [58:7.2.2.7]

Containers shall be filled only after determination that they comply with the design, fabrication, inspection, marking, and requalification provisions of NFPA 58. [58:7.2.2.8]

Prior to refilling a cylinder that has a cylinder sleeve, the cylinder sleeve shall be removed to facilitate the visual inspection of the cylinder. [58:7.2.2.9]

"Single trip," "nonrefillable," or "disposable" cylinders shall not be refilled with LP-Gas. [58:7.2.2.12]

Containers shall comply with the following with regard to service or design pressure requirements:

1. The service pressure marked on the cylinder shall be not less than 80 percent of the vapor pressure of the LP-Gas for which the cylinder is designed at 130°F (54.4°C).
2. The maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) for ASME containers shall be in accordance with Table 5.2.4.2 of NFPA 58.

Universal cylinders shall be permitted to be filled when in the vertical position or in the horizontal position when the positioning slot is in the correct orientation. [58:7.2.2.14]

Transfer of refrigerated product shall be made only into systems that are designed to accept refrigerated product. [58:7.2.2.15]

A container shall not be filled if the container assembly does not meet the requirements for continued service. [58:7.2.2.16]

Transfer hoses larger than ¹/₂ in. (12 mm) internal diameter shall not be used for making connections to individual cylinders being filled indoors. [58:7.2.2.17]

Public access to areas where LP-Gas is stored and transferred shall be prohibited, except where necessary for the conduct of normal business activities. [58:7.2.3.1]

Sources of ignition shall be turned off during transfer operations, while connections or disconnections are made, or while LP-Gas is being vented to the atmosphere. [58:7.2.3.2]

Cargo tank vehicles unloading into storage containers shall be at least 10 ft (3.0 m) from the container and so positioned that the shutoff valves on both the truck and the container are readily accessible. [58:7.2.3.3]

The cargo tank vehicle shall not transfer LP-Gas into dispensing station system while parked on a public way. [58:7.2.3.4]

Transfers to containers serving agricultural or industrial equipment requiring refueling in the field shall comply with 69.4.2.3.5.1 and 69.4.2.3.5.2. [58:7.2.3.5]

During the time railroad tank cars are on sidings for loading or unloading, the following shall apply:

1. A caution sign, with wording such as "STOP. TANK CAR CONNECTED," shall be placed at the active end(s) of the siding while the car is connected, as required by DOT regulations.
2. Wheel chocks shall be placed to prevent movement of the car in either direction.

Where a hose or swivel-type piping is used for loading or unloading railroad tank cars, it shall be protected as follows:

1. An emergency shutoff valve shall be installed at the railroad tank car end of the hose or swivel-type piping where flow into or out of the railroad tank car is possible.
2. An emergency shutoff valve or a backflow check valve shall be installed on the railroad tank car end of the hose or swivel piping where flow is only into the railroad tank car.

Where cargo tank vehicles are filled directly from railroad tank cars on a private track with nonstationary storage tanks involved, the following requirements shall be met:

1. Transfer protection shall be provided in accordance with 69.3.10.
2. Ignition source control shall be in accordance with Section 6.25 of NFPA 58.
3. Control of ignition sources during transfer shall be provided in accordance with 69.4.2.3.2.
4. Fire extinguishers shall be provided in accordance with 9.4.7 of NFPA 58.
5. Transfer personnel shall meet the provisions of 69.4.2.1.
6. Cargo tank vehicles shall meet the requirements of 69.4.2.3.
7. The points of transfer shall be located in accordance with 69.3.7.2.1 with respect to exposures.
8. Provision for anchorage and breakaway shall be provided on the cargo tank vehicle side for transfer from a railroad tank car directly into a cargo tank vehicle.
9. The provisions of Chapter 15 of NFPA 58 shall apply to all LP-Gas transfers performed in accordance with 69.4.2.3.8.

Where cargo tank vehicles are filled from other cargo tank vehicles or cargo tanks, the following requirements shall apply:

1. Transfer between cargo tanks or cargo tank vehicles where one is used as a bulk plant shall be temporary installations that comply with 4.3.2, 6.21.1, 6.21.2, 6.21.4 through 6.21.6 of NFPA 58, and 69.4.2.3.1.
2. Arrangements and operations of the transfer system shall be in accordance with the following:
   1. The point of transfer shall be in accordance with Table 69.3.7.2.1.
   2. Sources of ignition within the transfer area shall be controlled during the transfer operation as specified in 69.4.2.3.2.
   3. Fire extinguishers shall be provided in accordance with 9.4.7 of NFPA 58.
3. Cargo tanks shall comply with the requirements of 69.4.2.2.8.
4. Provisions designed either to prevent a pull-away during a transfer operation or to stop the flow of products from both cargo tank vehicles or cargo tanks in the event of a pull-away shall be incorporated.
5. Off-truck remote shutoff devices that meet 49 CFR 173.315(n) requirements and are installed on the cargo tank vehicle unloading the product shall satisfy the requirements of 69.4.2.3.9(4).
6. Cargo tank vehicle LP-Gas transfers that are for the sole purpose of testing, maintaining, or repairing the cargo tank vehicle shall be exempt from the requirements of 69.4.2.3.9(1).

Hose assemblies shall be observed for leakage or for damage that could impair their integrity before each use. [58:7.2.4.1]

The hose assemblies specified in 69.4.2.4.1 shall be inspected at least annually. [58:7.2.4.2]

Inspection of pressurized hose assemblies shall include inspection for the following:

1. Damage to outer cover that exposes reinforcement
2. Kinked or flattened hose
3. Soft spots or bulges in hose
4. Couplings that have slipped on the hose, are damaged, have missing parts, or have loose bolts
5. Leakage other than permeability leakage

Hose assemblies shall be replaced, repaired, or continued in service based on the results of the inspection. [58:7.2.4.4]

Leaking or damaged hose shall be immediately repaired or removed from service. [58:7.2.4.5]

Cylinders in storage shall be located to minimize exposure to excessive temperature rises, physical damage, or tampering. [58:8.2.1.1]

Cylinders in storage having individual water capacity greater than 2.7 lb (1.1 kg) [nominal 1 lb (0.45 kg) LP-Gas capacity] shall be positioned so that the pressure relief valve is in direct communication with the vapor space of the cylinder. [58:8.2.1.2]

Cylinders stored in buildings in accordance with 69.5.3 shall not be located near exits, near stairways, or in areas normally used, or intended to be used, for the safe egress of occupants. [58:8.2.1.3]

If empty cylinders that have been in LP-Gas service are stored indoors, they shall be considered as full cylinders for the purposes of determining the maximum quantities of LP- Gas permitted by 69.5.3.1, 69.5.3.2.1, and 69.5.3.3.1. [58:8.2.1.4]

Cylinders shall not be stored on roofs. [58:8.2.1.5]

Cylinder valves shall be protected as required by 69.2.1.2.1 and 69.4.2.2.5. [58:8.2.2.1]

Screw-on-type caps or collars shall be in place on all cylinders stored, regardless of whether they are full, partially full, or empty, and cylinder outlet valves shall be closed. [58:8.2.2.2]

Valve outlets on cylinders less than 108 lb (49 kg) water capacity [nominal 45 lb (20 kg) propane capacity] shall be plugged, capped, or sealed in accordance with 69.4.2.2.5. [58:8.2.2.3]

The quantity of LP-Gas in cylinders stored or displayed shall not exceed 200 lb (91 kg) in one location, with additional storage separated by 50 ft (15 m). The maximum quantity to be stored in one building shall not exceed 1000 lb (454 kg). [58:8.3.2.1]

The cylinders shall not exceed a water capacity of 2.7 lb (1.1 kg) [nominal 1 lb (0.45 kg) LP-Gas]. [58:8.3.2.2]

In restaurants and at food service locations, storage of 10 oz (283 g) butane nonrefillable containers shall be limited to not more than 24 containers and 24 additional 10 oz (283 g) butane nonrefillable containers stored in another location within the building where constructed with at least 2-hour fire wall protection. [58:8.3.2.3]

The maximum quantity of LP-Gas allowed in one storage location shall not exceed 735 lb (334 kg) water capacity [nominal 300 lb (136 kg) propane capacity]. [58:8.3.3.1]

Where additional storage locations are required on the same floor within the same building, they shall be separated by a minimum of 300 ft (91.4 m). [58:8.3.3.2]

Storage beyond the limitations described in 69.5.3.3.2 shall comply with 69.5.3.4. [58:8.3.3.3]

Cylinders carried as part of the service equipment on highway mobile vehicles shall not be part of the total storage capacity requirements of 69.5.3.3.1, where such vehicles are stored in private garages and carry no more than three cylinders with a total aggregate capacity per vehicle not exceeding 100 lb (45.4 kg) of propane. [58:8.3.3.4]

Cylinder valves shall be closed when not in use. [58:8.3.3.5]

The maximum quantity of LP-Gas stored in special buildings or rooms shall be 10,000 lb (4540 kg). [58:8.3.4.1]

Special buildings or rooms for storing LP-Gas cylinders shall not be located where the buildings or rooms adjoin the line of property occupied by schools, churches, hospitals, athletic fields, or other points of public gathering. [58:8.3.4.2]

The construction of all special buildings and rooms specified in 69.5.3.4.2 shall comply with Chapter 10 of NFPA 58 and the following:

1. Vents to the outside only shall be provided at both the top and bottom of the building and shall be located at least 5 ft (1.5 m) from any building opening.
2. The entire area shall be classified for purposes of ignition source control in accordance with Section 6.25 of NFPA 58.

Storage outside of buildings for cylinders awaiting use or resale or that are part of a cylinder exchange point shall be located as follows:

1. At least 5 ft (1.5 m) from any doorway or opening in a building frequented by the public where occupants have at least two means of egress as defined by 3.3.182 and NFPA 101
2. At least 10 ft (3 m) from any doorway or opening in a building or sections of a building that has only one means of egress
3. At least 20 ft (6.1 m) from any automotive service station fuel dispenser

Distances from cylinders in storage outside of buildings shall be in accordance with Table 69.5.4.1.2 with respect to the following:

1. Nearest important building or group of buildings
2. Line of adjoining property that can be built upon
3. Busy thoroughfares or sidewalks on other than private property
4. Line of adjoining property occupied by schools, churches, hospitals, athletic fields, or other points of public gathering
5. Dispensing system [58:8.4.1.2]

Quantity of LP-Gas Stored		Horizontal Distance to ...
		(1) and (2)		(3) and (4)		(5)*
lb	kg	ft	m	ft	m	ft	m
≤720	≤227	0	0	0	0	5	1.5
721—2,500	>227—1,134	0	0	10	3	10	3
2,501—6,000	>1,134—2,721	10	3	10	3	10	3
6,001—10,000	>2,721—4,540	20	6.1	20	6.1	20	6.1
>10,000	>4,540	25	7.6	25	7.6	25	7.6

Cylinders in the filling process shall not be considered to be in storage. [58:8.4.1.4]

Cylinders at a location open to the public shall be protected by either of the following:

1. An enclosure in accordance with 6.21.4.2 of NFPA 58
2. A lockable ventilated enclosure of metal exterior construction

Vehicular barrier protection (VBP) shall be provided where vehicle traffic is expected at the location, except where cylinders are protected in accordance with 69.5.4.2.1(2). [58:8.4.2.2]

Cylinders having an individual water capacity not exceeding 1000 lb (454 kg) [nominal 420 lb (191 kg) propane capacity], when filled with LP-Gas, shall be transported in accordance with the requirements of 69.6.1. [58:9.3.2.1]

Cylinders shall be constructed as provided in 69.2.1 and equipped in accordance with Section 5.9 of NFPA 58 for transportation as cylinders. [58:9.3.2.2]

The quantity of LP-Gas in cylinders shall be in accordance with Chapter 7 of NFPA 58. [58:9.3.2.3]

Cylinder valves shall comply with the following:

1. Valves of cylinders shall be protected in accordance with 69.2.1.2.1.
2. Screw-on-type protecting caps or collars shall be secured in place.
3. The provisions of 69.4.2.2.5 shall apply.