The design, installation, operation, inspection, and maintenance of all public and private commercial cooking equipment and mobile and temporary cooking operations shall comply with this chapter and NFPA 96.
This chapter shall apply to residential cooking equipment used for commercial cooking operations. [96:1.1.2]
This chapter shall not apply to cooking equipment located in a single dwelling unit. [96:1.1.3]
This chapter shall not apply to facilities where all of the following are met:
- Only residential equipment is being used.
- Fire extinguishers are located in all kitchen areas in accordance with Section 13.6.
- The facility is not an assembly occupancy.
- The AHJ has approved the installation.
[96:1.1.4]
The listing evaluation of cooking equipment covered by 50.2.1.1.1 shall demonstrate that the grease discharge at the exhaust duct of a test hood placed over the appliance shall not exceed 0.00018 oz/ft3 (5 mg/m3) when operated with a total airflow of 500 cfm (0.236 m3/s). [96:4.1.1.2]
All such equipment and its performance shall be maintained in accordance with the requirements of this chapter during all periods of operation of the cooking equipment. [96:4.1.2]
The following equipment shall be kept in working condition:
- Cooking equipment
- Hoods
- Ducts (if applicable)
- Fans
- Fire-extinguishing equipment
- Special effluent or energy control equipment
[96:4.1.3]
Maintenance and repairs shall be performed on all components at intervals necessary to maintain good working condition. [96:4.1.3.1]
The responsibility for inspection, testing, maintenance, and cleanliness of the ventilation control and fire protection of the commercial cooking operations, including cooking appliances, shall ultimately be that of the owner of the system, provided that this responsibility has not been transferred in written form to a management company, tenant, or other party. [96:4.1.5]
All solid fuel cooking equipment are required to comply with the requirements of Chapter 14 of NFPA 96. [96:4.1.6]
Multi-tenant applications shall require the concerted cooperation of design, installation, operation, and maintenance responsibilities by tenants and by the building owner. [96:4.1.7]
All interior surfaces of the exhaust system shall be accessible for cleaning and inspection purposes. [96:4.1.8]
Cooking equipment used in fixed, mobile, or temporary concessions, such as trucks, buses, trailers, pavilions, tents, or any form of roofed enclosure, shall comply with NFPA 96. [96:4.1.9]
Where enclosures are not required, hoods, grease removal devices, exhaust fans, and ducts shall have a clearance of at least 18 in. (457 mm) to combustible material, 3 in. (76 mm) to limited-combustible material, and 0 in. (0 mm) to noncombustible material. [96:4.2.1]
Where a clearance reduction system consisting of 0.013 in. (0.33 mm) (28 gauge) sheet metal spaced out 1 in. (25 mm) on noncombustible spacers is provided, there shall be a minimum of 9 in. (229 mm) clearance to combustible material. [96:4.2.3.1]
Where a clearance reduction system consisting of 0.027 in. (0.69 mm) (22 gauge) sheet metal on 1 in. (25 mm) mineral wool batts or ceramic fiber blanket reinforced with wire mesh or equivalent spaced 1 in. (25 mm) on noncombustible spacers is provided, there shall be a minimum of 3 in. (76 mm) clearance to combustible material. [96:4.2.3.2]
Where a clearance reduction system consisting of a listed and labeled field-applied grease duct enclosure material, system, product, or method of construction specifically evaluated for such purpose in accordance with ASTM E2336, the required clearance shall be in accordance with the listing. [96:4.2.3.3]
Zero clearance to limited-combustible materials shall be permitted where protected by one of the following:,
- Metal lath and plaster
- Ceramic tile
- Quarry tile
- Other noncombustible materials or assembly of noncombustible materials that are listed for the purpose of reducing clearance
- Other materials and products that are listed for the purpose of reducing clearance
[96:4.2.3.4]
Measures shall be taken to prevent physical damage to any covering or enclosure material. [96:7.7.3.1]
Any damage to the covering or enclosure shall be repaired, and the covering or enclosure shall be restored to meet its intended listing and fire resistance rating and to be acceptable to the AHJ. [96:7.7.3.2]
In the event of a fire within a kitchen exhaust system, the duct, the enclosure, and the covering directly applied to the duct shall be inspected by qualified personnel to determine whether the duct, the enclosure, and the covering directly applied to the duct are structurally sound, capable of maintaining their fire protection functions, suitable for continued operation, and acceptable to the AHJ. [96:7.7.3.3]
Listed grease ducts shall be installed in accordance with the terms of the listing and the manufacturer's instructions. [96:7.7.3.4]
Upcodes Diagrams
Prior to installation of any fire-extinguishing system, construction documents shall be reviewed and approved by the AHJ.
Permits, where required, shall comply with Section 1.12.
Cooking equipment that produces grease-laden vapors and that might be a source of ignition of grease in the hood, grease removal device, or duct shall be protected by fire-extinguishing equipment. [96:10.1.2]
A placard shall be conspicuously placed near each Class K extinguisher that states that the fire protection system shall be activated prior to using the fire extinguisher. [96:10.2.2]
In existing dry or wet chemical systems not in compliance with ANSI/UL 300, the fire-extinguishing system shall be made to comply with 50.4.4.3 when any of the following occurs:
- The cooking medium is changed from animal oils and fats to vegetable oils.
- The positioning of the cooking equipment is changed.
- Cooking equipment is replaced.
- The equipment is no longer supported by the manufacturer.
[96:10.2.3.1]
Grease removal devices, hood exhaust plenums, exhaust ducts, and cooking equipment that are not addressed in ANSI/UL 300 or other equivalent test standards shall be protected with an automatic fire-extinguishing system(s) in accordance with the applicable NFPA standard(s), all local building and fire codes, and the fire extinguishing system's manufacturer's recommendations and shall be approved by the AHJ. [96:10.2.4]
Any abandoned pipe or conduit from a previous installation shall be removed from within the hood, plenum, and exhaust duct. [96:10.2.7.1]
Penetrations and holes resulting from the removal of conduit or piping shall be sealed with listed or equivalent liquidtight sealing devices. [96:10.2.7.2]
The water supply for water-wash fire-extinguishing systems shall be permitted to be supplied from the domestic water supply when the minimum water pressure and flow are provided in accordance with the terms of the listing. [96:10.2.8.3]
The water supply for water-wash fire-extinguishing systems shall be controlled by a listed indicating valve. [96:10.2.8.4]
Where a separate fire-extinguishing system is used for protection of cooking equipment only, a water-wash fire-extinguishing system listed for protection of the grease removal device(s), hood exhaust plenum(s), exhaust duct(s), or combination thereof shall be provided with instructions and appropriate means for electrical interface for simultaneous activation. [96:10.2.8.5]
A water-wash system approved to be used for protection of the grease removal device(s), hood exhaust plenum(s), exhaust duct(s), or combination thereof shall include instructions and appropriate electrical interface for simultaneous activation of the water-wash system from an automatic fire-extinguishing system, where the automatic fire-extinguishing system is used for cooking equipment protection only. [96:10.2.8.6]
Where the automatic fire extinguishing system in accordance with NFPA 17A provides protection for the hood and duct in a fixed baffle hood containing a water-wash system, the water-wash system shall be made inoperable or delayed for a minimum of 60 seconds upon operation of the automatic fire-extinguishing system. [96:10.2.8.7]
The water required for listed automatic fire-extinguishing systems shall be permitted to be supplied from the domestic water supply where the minimum water pressure and flow are provided in accordance with the terms of the listing. The water supply shall be controlled by a supervised water supply control valve. [96:10.2.9.1]
Valves controlling the water supply to listed water-wash fire-extinguishing systems, automatic fire-extinguishing systems, or both shall be listed indicating type of valve and shall be supervised open by one of the following methods:
- Central station, proprietary, or remote station alarm service
- Local alarm service that will cause the sounding of an audible signal at a constantly attended point
- Locking valves open
- * Sealing of valves and approved weekly recorded inspection
[96:10.2.10]
Hoods installed end to end, back to back, or both, or sharing a common ductwork, not exceeding 22.9 m (75 ft) in distance from the farthest hood, and having a grease-producing appliance(s) located under one or more of the hoods shall be considered a single hazard area requiring simultaneous automatic fire protection in all hoods and ducts. [96:10.3.1.1]
In hoods that are installed end to end, back to back, or both, and that share a common ductwork, the ductwork beyond 22.9 m (75 ft) from the farthest hood shall be protected by an independent fire-extinguishing system with its own detection system or by a fire-extinguishing system that activates simultaneously with the fire-extinguishing system(s) protecting the hoods. [96:10.3.1.1.1]
Hoods installed end to end, back to back, or both that do not share a common exhaust duct and are separated by a wall(s) or other means to ensure that grease-laden vapors exhausted under one hood cannot propagate to the other hoods, the hoods' fire-extinguishing system(s) shall be independent and shall not be required to simultaneously discharge. [96:10.3.1.2]
Fume incinerators, thermal recovery units, air pollution control devices, or other devices installed in the exhaust duct shall not be required to comply with 50.4.5.1.1. [96:10.3.1.3]
Steam supplied from an external source shall not be required to automatically shut off. [96:10.4.2]
Shutoff devices shall require manual reset. [96:10.4.4]
Solid fuel cooking operations shall not be required to be shut down. [96:10.4.5]
At least one manual actuation device shall be located in means of egress or at a location acceptable to the AHJ. [96:10.5.1.1]
The manual actuation device shall clearly identify the hazard protected. [96:10.5.1.2]
Where required, complete drawings of the system installation, including the hood(s), exhaust duct(s), and appliances, along with the interface of the fire-extinguishing system detectors, piping, nozzles, fuel and electric power shutoff devices, agent storage container(s), and manual actuation device(s), shall be submitted to the AHJ. [96:10.8.1]
Portable fire extinguishers shall be selected and installed in kitchen cooking areas in accordance with Section 13.6 and shall be specifically listed for such use. [96:10.9.1]
Class K fire extinguishers shall be provided for cooking appliance hazards that involve combustible cooking media (vegetable oils and animal oils and fats). [96:10.9.2]
Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided for other hazards in kitchen areas and shall be selected and installed in accordance with Section 13.6. [96:10.9.3]
Portable fire extinguishers shall be maintained in accordance with Section 13.6. [96:10.9.5]
Records of compliance with 11.1.4 shall be maintained and shall be available to the authority having jurisdiction. [96:11.1.4.2]
Listed exhaust hoods shall be operated in accordance with the terms of their listings and the manufacturer's instructions. [96:11.1.5]
Secondary filtration and pollution control equipment shall be operated in accordance with the terms of its listing and the manufacturer's recommendations. [96:11.1.7]
Maintenance of the fire-extinguishing systems and listed exhaust hoods containing a constant or fire-activated water system that is listed to extinguish a fire in the grease removal devices, hood exhaust plenums, and exhaust ducts shall be made by properly trained, qualified, and certified person(s) acceptable to the AHJ at least every 6 months. [96:11.2.1]
All actuation and control components, including remote manual pull stations, mechanical or electrical devices, detectors, and actuators, shall be tested for proper operation during the inspection in accordance with the manufacturer's procedures. [96:11.2.2]
Fusible links of the metal alloy type and automatic sprinklers of the metal alloy type shall be replaced at least semiannually. [96:11.2.4]
The year of manufacture and the date of installation of the fusible links shall be marked on the system inspection tag. [96:11.2.5]
The tag shall be signed or initialed by the installer. [96:11.2.5.1]
The fusible links shall be destroyed when removed. [96:11.2.5.2]
Detection devices that are bulb-type automatic sprinklers and fusible links other than the metal alloy type shall be examined and cleaned or replaced annually. [96:11.2.6]
Fixed temperature-sensing elements other than the fusible metal alloy type shall be permitted to remain continuously in service, provided they are inspected and cleaned or replaced if necessary in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, every 12 months or more frequently to ensure proper operation of the system. [96:11.2.7]
Where required, certificates of inspection and maintenance shall be forwarded to the AHJ. [96:11.2.8]
Records, including certificates of inspection and maintenance, shall be permitted to be forwarded to or shared with the authority having jurisdiction either by hard copy or electronically. [96:11.2.8.1]
Actuation components for fire dampers shall be inspected for proper operation in accordance with the manufacturer's listed procedures. [96:11.3.1]
Fusible links on fire damper assemblies shall be replaced at least semiannually or more frequently as necessary. [96:11.3.2.1]
Replacement shall be made by a certified person acceptable to the AHJ. [96:11.3.2.2]
The year of manufacture and the date of installation of the fusible links shall be documented. [96:11.3.3.1]
The tag shall be signed or initialed by the installer. [96:11.3.3.2]
The entire exhaust system shall be inspected for grease buildup by a properly trained, qualified, and certified person(s) acceptable to the AHJ and in accordance with Table 50.5.4. [96:11.4]
Table 50.5.4 Schedule of Inspection for Grease Buildup
| Type or Volume of Cooking | Inspection Frequency |
|---|---|
| Systems serving solid fuel cooking operations | Monthly |
| *Systems serving high-volume cooking operations | Quarterly |
| Systems serving moderate-volume cooking operations | Semiannually |
| †Systems serving low-volume cooking operations | Annually |
*High-volume cooking operations include 24-hour cooking, charbroiling, and wok cooking.
†Low-volume cooking operations include churches, day camps, seasonal businesses, and senior centers.
[96: Table 11.4]
Listed hoods containing mechanical or fire-actuated dampers, internal washing components, or other mechanically operated devices shall be inspected and tested by properly trained, qualified, and certified persons every 6 months or at frequencies recommended by the manufacturer in accordance with their listings. [96:11.5]
A measurement system of deposition shall be established to trigger a need to clean when the exhaust system is inspected at the frequencies in Table 50.5.4. [96:11.6.1.1]
Hoods, grease removal devices, fans, ducts, and other appurtenances shall be cleaned to remove combustible contaminants to a minimum of 50 µm (0.002 in.). [96:11.6.1.1.1]
A grease depth gauge comb, as shown in Figure 50.5.6.1.1.2, shall be placed upon the surface to measure grease depth. [96:11.6.1.1.2] 
FIGURE 50.5.6.1.1.2 Depth Gauge Comb.
Where a measured depth of 2000 µm (0.078 in.) is observed, the surfaces shall be cleaned in accordance with 50.5.6.1. [96:11.6.1.1.3]
Where a measured depth of 3175 µm (0.125 in.) is observed in a fan housing, the surfaces shall be cleaned in accordance with 50.5.6.1. [96:11.6.1.1.4]
Hoods, grease removal devices, fans, ducts, and other appurtenances shall be cleaned to remove combustible contaminants prior to surfaces becoming heavily contaminated with grease or oily sludge. [96:11.6.2]
At the start of the cleaning process, electrical switches that could be activated accidentally shall be locked out. [96:11.6.3]
Components of the fire suppression system shall not be rendered inoperable during the cleaning process. [96:11.6.4]
Fire-extinguishing systems shall be permitted to be rendered inoperable during the cleaning process where serviced by properly trained and qualified persons. [96:11.6.5]
Flammable solvents or other flammable cleaning aids shall not be used. [96:11.6.6]
Cleaning chemicals shall not be applied on fusible links or other detection devices of the automatic extinguishing system. [96:11.6.7]
After the exhaust system is cleaned, it shall not be coated with powder or other substance. [96:11.6.8]
When cleaning procedures are completed, all access panels (doors) and cover plates shall be restored to their normal operational condition. [96:11.6.9]
When an access panel is removed, a service company label or tag preprinted with the name of the company and giving the date of inspection or cleaning shall be affixed near the affected access panels. [96:11.6.10]
Dampers and diffusers shall be positioned for proper airflow. [96:11.6.11]
When cleaning procedures are completed, all electrical switches and system components shall be returned to an operable state. [96:11.6.12]
When an exhaust system is inspected or cleaned, a certificate showing the name of the servicing company, the name of the person performing the work, and the date of inspection or cleaning shall be maintained on the premises. [96:11.6.13]
After cleaning or inspection is completed, the exhaust cleaning company and the person performing the work at the location shall provide the owner of the system with a written report that also specifies areas that were inaccessible or not cleaned. [96:11.6.14]
Where required, certificates of inspection and cleaning and reports of areas not cleaned shall be submitted to the AHJ. [96:11.6.15]
Metal containers used to collect grease drippings shall be inspected or emptied at least weekly. [96:11.6.16]
Inspection and servicing of the cooking equipment shall be made at least annually by properly trained and qualified persons. [96:11.7.1]
Cooking equipment that collects grease below the surface, behind the equipment, or in cooking equipment flue gas exhaust, such as griddles or charbroilers, shall be inspected and, if found with grease accumulation, cleaned by a properly trained, qualified, and certified person acceptable to the AHJ. [96:11.7.2]
All listed appliances shall be installed in accordance with the terms of their listings and the manufacturer's instructions. [96:12.1.2.1]
The fire-extinguishing system shall not require re-evaluation where the cooking appliances are moved for the purposes of maintenance and cleaning, provided the appliances are returned to approved design location prior to cooking operations, and any disconnected fire-extinguishing system nozzles attached to the appliances are reconnected in accordance with the manufacturer's listed design manual. [96:12.1.2.3]
All deep-fat fryers shall be installed with at least a 16 in. (406 mm) space between the fryer and surface flames from adjacent cooking equipment. [96:12.1.2.4]
Where a steel or tempered glass baffle plate is installed at a minimum 8 in. (203 mm) in height between the fryer and surface flames of the adjacent appliance, the requirement for a 16 in. (406 mm) space shall not apply. [96:12.1.2.5]
If the fryer and the surface flames are at different horizontal planes, the minimum height of 8 in. (203 mm) shall be measured from the higher of the two. [96:12.1.2.5.1]
Deep-fat fryers shall be equipped with a separate high-limit control in addition to the adjustable operating control (thermostat) to shut off fuel or energy when the fat temperature reaches 475°F (246°C) at 1 in. (25.4 mm) below the surface. [96:12.2]
Mobile and temporary cooking operations shall comply with 50.7.1 and the applicable section for the type of cooking performed.
Where required by the AHJ, permits shall be required for the location, design, construction, and operation of mobile and temporary cooking operations.
Wheel chocks shall be used to prevent mobile and temporary cooking units from moving.
Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided per NFPA 96 for cooking operations.
A minimum of one 2A:10BC portable fire extinguisher shall be provided when a generator or other fuel fired appliance is used.
When wood or charcoal is used, a minimum of one 2A portable fire extinguisher or an approved hose line shall be provided.
Mobile or temporary cooking operations shall be separated from buildings or structures, combustible materials, vehicles, and other cooking operations by a minimum of 10 ft (3 m).
Mobile or temporary cooking shall not take place within tents occupied by the public.
Tents shall comply with Chapter 25.
Seating for the public shall not be located within any mobile or temporary cooking vehicle.
Mobile or temporary cooking operations shall not block fire department access roads, fire lanes, fire hydrants, or other fire protection devices and equipment.
The address of the current operational location shall be posted and accessible to all employees.
Prior to performing mobile or temporary cooking operations, workers shall be trained in emergency response procedures, including the following:
- Proper use of portable fire extinguishers and extinguishing systems
- Proper method of shutting off fuel sources
- Proper procedure for notifying the local fire department
- Proper refueling
- How to perform leak detection
- Fuel properties
Refresher training shall be provided every year.
Initial and refresher training shall be documented and made available to the AHJ on request.
Electric generator and internal combustion power sources used for mobile or temporary cooking shall comply with 11.7.2.
Portable generators shall be positioned so that the exhaust is at least 5 ft (1.5 m) in any direction away from any openings, air intakes, means of egress, or from any building, structure, or vehicle.
Electrical appliances, fixtures, equipment, or wiring other than low-voltage and automotive vehicle circuits or extensions thereof, installed within or on vehicles, shall comply with NFPA 70.
Mobile or temporary cooking operations that use wood or charcoal shall comply with Section 14.9 of NFPA 96.
An approved carbon monoxide detector shall be installed where mobile cooking operations are performed in an enclosed area.
Flammable liquids shall not be stored inside mobile cooking vehicles or in temporary cooking areas unless stored in accordance with NFPA 30.
Mobile cooking operations and equipment shall comply with 50.7.1, 50.7.2, and NFPA 96.
Cylinders shall be secured in an upright position to prevent tipping over.
Gas systems on mobile cooking vehicles shall comply with NFPA 58 and this section.
Leak detection testing shall be documented and made available to the AHJ on request in accordance with 50.7.2.3.4.
Where a gas detection system has been installed, it shall be tested every month.
The certification shall be good for one year.
Recertification shall occur every time an appliance is replaced or added and if a piping connection is modified in anyway.
A change in cylinder shall not be considered a piping connection modification.
Section 50.7.2.4 shall apply to the following:
- Nonengine fuel systems on all vehicles
- Installations served by exchangeable (removable) cylinder systems and by permanently mounted containers.
[58:6.26.1]
Section 50.7.2.4 shall not apply to the following:
- Systems installed on mobile homes
- Systems installed on recreational vehicles
- Cargo tank vehicles, including trailers and semitrailers, and similar units used to transport LP-Gas as cargo, which are covered by Chapter 9 of NFPA 58.
- LP-Gas engine fuel systems on the vehicles, which are covered by Chapter 11 of NFPA 58.
[58:6.26.2]
ASME mobile containers shall be in accordance with one of the following:
- A MAWP of 312 psig (2.2 MPag) or higher where installed in enclosed spaces of vehicles
- A MAWP of 312 psig (2.2 MPag) or higher where installed on passenger vehicles
- A MAWP of 250 psig (1.7 MPag) or higher for containers where installed on the exterior of nonpassenger vehicles
LP-Gas fuel containers used on passenger-carrying vehicles shall not exceed 200 gal (0.8 m3) aggregate water capacity.
The capacity of individual LP-Gas containers on highway nonpassenger vehicles shall 1000 gal (3.8 m3) or in accordance with U.S. Department of Transportation regulations.
The capacity of cargo tank motor vehicles shall not be limited by NFPA 58.
Containers designed for stationary service only and not in compliance with the container appurtenance protection requirements of 5.2.6 of NFPA 58 shall not be used. [58:6.26.3]
ASME containers and cylinders used for the purposes covered by 50.7.2.4 shall not be installed, transported, or stored (even temporarily) inside any vehicle covered by 50.7.2.4, except for ASME containers installed in accordance with 50.7.2.4.3.4.9, Chapter 9, or DOT regulations. [58:6.26.3.2]
The LP-Gas supply system, including the containers, shall be installed either on the outside of the vehicle or in a recess or cabinet vaportight to the inside of the vehicle but accessible from and vented to the outside, with the vents located near the top and bottom of the enclosure and 3 ft (1 m) horizontally away from any opening into the vehicle below the level of the vents. [58:6.26.3.3]
Containers shall be mounted securely on the vehicle or within the enclosing recess or cabinet. [58:6.26.3.4]
Containers shall be installed with road clearance in accordance with 11.8.3 of NFPA 58. [58:6.26.3.4(A)]
Fuel containers shall be mounted to prevent jarring loose and slipping or rotating, and the fastenings shall be designed and constructed to withstand, without permanent visible deformation, static loading in any direction equal to four times the weight of the container filled with fuel. [58:6.26.3.4(B)]
Where containers are mounted within a vehicle housing, the securing of the housing to the vehicle shall comply with this provision. Any removable portions of the housing or cabinet shall be secured while in transit. [58:6.26.3.4(C)]
Field welding on containers shall be limited to attachments to nonpressure parts such as saddle plates, wear plates, or brackets applied by the container manufacturer. [58:6.26.3.4(D)]
Permanently mounted ASME containers shall be located on the vehicle to provide the protection specified in 50.7.2.4.3.4.5. [58:6.26.3.4(F)]
Where cylinders are located on the outside of a vehicle, weather protection shall be provided. [58:6.26.3.4(H)]
Containers mounted on the interior of passenger-carrying vehicles shall be installed in compliance with Section 11.9 of NFPA 58. Pressure relief valve installations for such containers shall comply with 11.8.5 of NFPA 58. [58:6.26.3.4(I)]
Container appurtenances shall be installed in accordance with the following:
- Pressure relief valve installation on ASME containers installed in the interior of vehicles complying with Section 11.9 of NFPA 58 shall comply with 11.8.5 of NFPA 58.
- Pressure relief valve installations on ASME containers installed on the outside of vehicles shall comply with 11.8.5 of NFPA 58 and 50.7.2.4.3.3.
- Main shutoff valves on containers for liquid and vapor shall be readily accessible.
- Cylinders shall be designed to be filled in either the vertical or horizontal position, or if they are the universal type, they are permitted to be filled in either position.
- All container inlets, outlets, or valves installed in container inlets or outlets, except pressure relief devices and gauging devices, shall be labeled to designate whether they communicate with the vapor or liquid space.
- Containers from which only vapor is to be withdrawn shall be installed and equipped with connections to minimize the possibility of the accidental withdrawal of liquid.
[58:6.26.4.1]
Regulators shall be installed in accordance with 6.10.2 of NFPA 58 and 50.7.2.4.4.2.1 through 50.7.2.4.4.2.5. [58:6.26.4.2]
Regulators shall be installed with the pressure relief vent opening pointing vertically downward to allow for drainage of moisture collected on the diaphragm of the regulator. [58:6.26.4.2(A)]
Regulators not installed in compartments shall be equipped with a durable cover designed to protect the regulator vent opening from sleet, snow, freezing rain, ice, mud, and wheel spray. [58:6.26.4.2(B)]
If vehicle-mounted regulators are installed at or below the floor level, they shall be installed in a compartment that provides protection against the weather and wheel spray. [58:6.26.4.2(C)]
Regulator compartments shall comply with the following:
- The compartment shall be of sufficient size to allow tool operation for connection to and replacement of the regulator(s).
- The compartment shall be vaportight to the interior of the vehicle.
- The compartment shall have a 1 in.2 (650 mm2) minimum vent opening to the exterior located within 1 in. (25 mm) of the bottom of the compartment.
- The compartment shall not contain flame or spark-producing equipment.
[58:6.26.4.2(D)]
A regulator vent outlet shall be at least 2 in. (51 mm) above the compartment vent opening. [58:6.26.4.2(E)]
Piping shall be installed in accordance with 6.11.3 of NFPA 58 and 50.7.2.4.5.1.1 through 50.7.2.4.5.1.13. [58:6.26.5.1]
Steel tubing shall have a minimum wall thickness of 0.049 in. (1.2 mm). [58:6.26.5.1(A)]
A flexible connector shall be installed between the regulator outlet and the fixed piping system to protect against expansion, contraction, jarring, and vibration strains. [58:6.26.5.1(B)]
Flexible connectors shall be installed in accordance with 6.11.6 of NFPA 58. [58:6.26.5.1(D)]
Flexible connectors longer than the length allowed in NFPA 58, or fuel lines that incorporate hose, shall be used only where approved. [58:6.26.5.1(E)]
The fixed piping system shall be designed, installed, supported, and secured to minimize the possibility of damage due to vibration, strains, or wear and to preclude any loosening while in transit. [58:6.26.5.1(F)]
Piping shall be installed in a protected location. [58:6.26.5.1(F)]
Where piping is installed outside the vehicle, it shall be installed as follows:
- Piping shall be under the vehicle and below any insulation or false bottom.
- Fastening or other protection shall be installed to prevent damage due to vibration or abrasion.
- At each point where piping passes through sheet metal or a structural member, a rubber grommet or equivalent protection shall be installed to prevent chafing.
[58:6.26.5.1(H)]
Gas piping shall be installed to enter the vehicle through the floor directly beneath or adjacent to the appliance served. [58:6.26.5.1(I)]
If a branch line is installed, the tee connection shall be located in the main gas line under the floor and outside the vehicle. [58:6.26.5.1(J)]
Piping systems, including hose, shall be pressure tested and proven free of leaks in accordance with Section 6.16 of NFPA 58. [58:6.26.5.1(M)]
There shall be no fuel connection between a tractor and trailer or other vehicle units. [58:6.26.5.2]
Equipment shall be installed in accordance with Section 6.20 of NFPA 58, 50.7.2.4.6.1, and 50.7.2.4.6.2. [58:6.26.6]
Installation shall be made in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and, in the case of approved equipment, as provided in the approval. [58:6.26.6.1]
Equipment installed on vehicles shall be protected against vehicular damage as provided for container appurtenances and connections in 50.7.2.4.3.4.5. [58:6.26.6.2]
Subsection 50.7.2.4.7 shall apply to the installation of all appliances on vehicles. It shall not apply to engines. [58:6.26.7.1]
All appliances covered by 50.7.2.4.7 installed on vehicles shall be approved. [58:6.26.7.2]
Where the device or appliance, such as a cargo heater or cooler, is designed to be in operation while the vehicle is in transit, means, such as an excess-flow valve, to stop the flow of gas in the event of a line break shall be installed. [58:6.26.7.3]
Gas-fired heating appliances shall be equipped with shutoffs in accordance with 5.23.7(A) of NFPA 58, except for portable heaters used with cylinders having a maximum water capacity of 2.7 lb (1.2 kg), portable torches, melting pots, and tar kettles. [58:6.26.7.4]
Gas-fired heating appliances, other than ranges and illuminating appliances installed on vehicles intended for human occupancy, shall be designed or installed to provide for a complete separation of the combustion system from the atmosphere inside the vehicle. [58:6.26.7.5]
Where unvented-type heaters that are designed to protect cargo are used on vehicles not intended for human occupancy, provisions shall be made to provide air from the outside for combustion and dispose of the products of combustion to the outside. [58:6.26.7.6]
Appliances installed in the cargo space of a vehicle shall be readily accessible whether the vehicle is loaded or empty. [58:6.26.7.7]
Appliances shall be constructed or otherwise protected to minimize possible damage or impaired operation due to cargo shifting or handling. [58:6.26.7.8]
Appliances shall be located so that a fire at any appliance will not block egress of persons from the vehicle. [58:6.26.7.9]
A permanent caution plate shall be affixed to either the appliance or the vehicle outside of any enclosure, shall be adjacent to the container(s), and shall include the following instructions:
- Be sure all appliance valves are closed before opening container valve.
- Connections at the appliances, regulators, and containers shall be checked periodically for leaks with soapy water or its equivalent.
- Never use a match or flame to check for leaks.
- Container valves shall be closed when equipment is not in use.
[58:6.26.7.10]
Gas-fired heating appliances and water heaters shall be equipped with automatic devices designed to shut off the flow of gas to the main burner and the pilot in the event the pilot flame is extinguished. [58:6.26.7.11]
All fat fryers shall have a lid over the oil vat that can be secured to prevent the spillage of cooking oil during transit. This lid shall be secured at all times when the vehicle is in motion.
Where vehicles with LP-Gas fuel systems used for purposes other than propulsion are parked, serviced, or repaired inside buildings, the requirements of 50.7.2.4.9.2 through 50.7.2.4.9.4 shall apply. [58:6.26.8.1]
The vehicle shall not be parked near sources of heat, open flames, or similar sources of ignition, or near unventilated pits. [58:6.26.8.4]
Vehicles having containers with water capacities larger than 300 gal (1.1 m3) shall comply with the requirements of Section 9.7 of NFPA 58. [58:6.26.8.5]
Containers shall be designed, fabricated, tested, and marked (or stamped) in accordance with the regulations of the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT); Section VIII of the ASME code, "Rules for the Construction of Unfired Pressure Vessels"; or the API-ASME Code for Unfired Pressure Vessels for Petroleum Liquids and Gases, except for UG-125 through UG-136. [58:5.2.1.1]
Used containers constructed to specifications of the Association of American Railroads shall not be installed. [58:5.2.1.1(A)]
Where containers fabricated to earlier editions of regulations, rules, or codes listed in 5.2.1.1 of NFPA 58, and of the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) Rules for Construction of Unfired Pressure Vessels, prior to April 1, 1967, are used, the requirements of Section 1.4 of NFPA 58 shall apply. [58:5.2.1.1(C)]
After installation or modification, piping systems (including hose) shall be proven free of leaks by performing a pressure test at not less than the normal operating pressure. [58:6.16.1.1]
Cylinders in storage having individual water capacity greater than 2.7 lb (1.1 kg) [nominal 1 lb (0.45 kg) LP-Gas capacity] shall be positioned so that the pressure relief valve is in direct communication with the vapor space of the cylinder. [58:8.2.1.2]
Cylinders shall not be stored on roofs. [58:8.2.1.5]
Valve outlets on cylinders less than 108 lb (49 kg) water capacity [nominal 45 lb (20 kg) propane capacity] shall be plugged, capped, or sealed in accordance with 7.2.2.5 of NFPA 58. [58:8.2.2.3]
Cylinders having an individual water capacity not exceeding 1000 lb (454 kg) [nominal 420 lb (191 kg) propane capacity], when filled with LP-Gas, shall be transported in accordance with the requirements of Section 9.3 of NFPA 58. [58:9.3.2.1]
Cylinders shall be constructed as provided in Section 5.2 of NFPA 58 and equipped in accordance with Section 5.7 of NFPA 58 for transportation as cylinders. [58:9.3.2.2]
The cargo space of the vehicle shall be isolated from the driver's compartment, the engine, and the engine's exhaust system. [58:9.3.2.5]
Open-bodied vehicles shall be considered to be in compliance with this provision. [58:9.3.2.5(A)]
Closed-bodied vehicles having separate cargo, driver, and engine compartments shall be considered to be in compliance with this provision. [58:9.3.2.5(B)]
Closed-bodied vehicles, such as passenger cars, vans, and station wagons, shall not be used for transporting more than 215 lb (98 kg) water capacity [nominal 90 lb (41 kg) propane capacity], but not more than 108 lb (49 kg) water capacity [nominal 45 lb (20 kg) propane capacity] per cylinder, unless the driver and engine compartments are separated from the cargo space by a vaportight partition that contains no means of access to the cargo space. [58:9.3.2.5(C)]
Cylinders and their appurtenances shall be determined to be leak-free before being loaded into vehicles. [58:9.3.2.6]
Cylinders shall be fastened in position to minimize the possibility of movement, tipping, and physical damage. [58:9.3.2.8]
Cylinders being transported by vehicles shall be positioned in accordance with Table 50.7.2.4.14.9. [58:9.3.2.9]
Table 50.7.2.4.14.9 Orientation of Cylinders on Vehicles
| Propane Capacity of Cylinder | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| lb | kg | Open Vehicles | Enclosed Spaces of Vehicles |
| ≤45 | ≤20 | Any position | |
| >45 | >20 | Relief valve in communication with the vapor space | |
| ≤4.2 | ≤1.9 | Any position | |
| >4.2 | >1.9 | Relief valve in communication with the vapor space | |
[58:Table 9.3.2.9]
Temporary cooking operations and equipment shall comply with NFPA 96, Section 50.7.1 and Section 50.7.3.
Temporary cooking equipment and installations shall comply with NFPA 58.