The requirements contained in this chapter are applicable to commercial buildings, or portions of commercial buildings. C401.2 Application.
Commercial buildings shall comply with one of the following:
Additions, alterations and repairs to existing buildings shall comply with one of the following:
TABLE C402.1.2
OPAQUE THERMAL ENVELOPE ASSEMBLY REQUIREMENTSa
CLIMATE ZONE | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 EXCEPT MARINE | 5 AND MARINE 4 | 6 | 7 | 8 | ||||||||
All other | Group R | All other | Group R | All other | Group R | All other | Group R | All other | Group R | All other | Group R | All other | Group R | All other | Group R | |
Roofs | ||||||||||||||||
Insulation entirely above deck | U-0.048 | U-0.048 | U-0.048 | U-0.048 | U-0.048 | U-0.048 | U-0.039 | U-0.039 | U-0.039 | U-0.039 | U-0.032 | U-0.032 | U-0.028 | U-0.028 | U-0.028 | U-0.028 |
Metal buildings | U-0.044 | U-0.035 | U-0.035 | U-0.035 | U-0.035 | U-0.035 | U-0.035 | U-0.035 | U-0.035 | U-0.035 | U-0.031 | U-0.031 | U-0.029 | U-0.029 | U-0.029 | U-0.029 |
Attic and other | U-0.027 | U-0.027 | U-0.027 | U-0.027 | U-0.027 | U-0.027 | U-0.027 | U-0.027 | U-0.027 | U-0.021 | U-0.021 | U-0.021 | U-0.021 | U-0.021 | U-0.021 | U-0.021 |
Walls, Above Grade | ||||||||||||||||
Mass | U-0.142 | U-0.142 | U-0.142 | U-0.123 | U-0.110 | U-0.104 | U-0.104 | U-0.090 | U-0.078 | U-0.078 | U-0.078 | U-0.071 | U-0.061 | U-0.061 | U-0.061 | U-0.061 |
Metal building | U-0.079 | U-0.079 | U-0.079 | U-0.079 | U-0.079 | U-0.052 | U-0.052 | U-0.052 | U-0.052 | U-0.052 | U-0.052 | U-0.052 | U-0.052 | U-0.039 | U-0.052 | U-0.039 |
Metal framed | U-0.077 | U-0.077 | U-0.077 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.057 | U-0.064 | U-0.052 | U-0.045 | U-0.045 |
Wood framed and other | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.051 | U-0.051 | U-0.051 | U-0.051 | U-0.036 | U-0.036 |
Walls, Below Grade | ||||||||||||||||
Below-grade wallb | C-1.140 | C-1.140 | C-1.140 | C-1.140 | C-1.140 | C-1.140 | C-0.119 | C-0.119 | C-0.119 | C-0.119 | C-0.119 | C-0.119 | C-0.092 | C-0.092 | C-0.092 | C-0.092 |
Floors | ||||||||||||||||
Mass | U-0.322 | U-0.322 | U-0.107 | U-0.087 | U-0.076 | U-0.076 | U-0.076 | U-0.074 | U-0.074 | U-0.064 | U-0.064 | U-0.057 | U-0.055 | U-0.051 | U-0.055 | U-0.051 |
Joist/framing | U-0.066 | U-0.066 | U-0.033 | U-0.033 | U-0.033 | U-0.033 | U-0.033 | U-0.033 | U-0.033 | U-0.033 | U-0.033 | U-0.033 | U-0.033 | U-0.033 | U-0.033 | U-0.033 |
Slab-on-Grade Floors | ||||||||||||||||
Unheated slabs | F-0.73 | F-0.73 | F-0.73 | F-0.73 | F-0.73 | F-0.73 | F-0.54 | F-0.54 | F-0.54 | F-0.54 | F-0.54 | F-0.52 | F-0.40 | F-0.40 | F-0.40 | F-0.40 |
Heated slabs | F-0.70 | F-0.70 | F-0.70 | F-0.70 | F-0.70 | F-0.70 | F-0.65 | F-0.65 | F-0.58 | F-0.58 | F-0.58 | F-0.58 | F-0.55 | F-0.55 | F-0.55 | F-0.55 |
TABLE C402.2
OPAQUE THERMAL ENVELOPE REQUIREMENTSa
CLIMATE ZONE | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 EXCEPT MARINE | 5 AND MARINE 4 | 6 | 7 | 8 | ||||||||
All Other | Group R | All Other | Group R | All Other | Group R | All Other | Group R | All Other | Group R | All Other | Group R | All Other | Group R | All Other | Group R | |
Roofs | ||||||||||||||||
Insulation entirely above deck | R-20ci | R-20ci | R-20ci | R-20ci | R-20ci | R-20ci | R-25ci | R-25ci | R-25ci | R-25ci | R-30ci | R-30ci | R-35ci | R-35ci | R-35ci | R-35ci |
Metal buildings (with R-5 thermal blocks)a, b | R-19 + R-11 LS | R-19 + R-11 LS | R-19 + R11 LS | R-19 + R-11 LS | R-19 + R-11 LS | R-19 + R-11 LS | R-19 + R-11 LS | R-19 + R-11 LS | R-19 + R-11 LS | R-19 + R-11 LS | R-25 + R-11 LS | R-25 + R-11 LS | R-30 + R-11 LS | R-30 + R-11 LS | R-30 + R-11 LS | R-30 + R-11 LS |
Attic and other | R-38 | R-38 | R-38 | R-38 | R-38 | R-38 | R-38 | R-38 | R-38 | R-49 | R-49 | R-49 | R-49 | R-49 | R-49 | R-49 |
Walls, Above Grade | ||||||||||||||||
Massc | R-5.7cic | R-5.7cic | R-5.7cic | R-7.6ci | R-7.6ci | R-9.5ci | R-9.5ci | R-11.4ci | R-11.4ci | R-13.3ci | R-13.3ci | R-15.2ci | R-15.2ci | R-15.2ci | R-25ci | R-25ci |
Metal building | R-13+ R-6.5ci | R-13 + R-6.5ci | R13 + R-6.5ci | R-13 + R-13ci | R-13 + R-6.5ci | R-13 + R-13ci | R-13 + R-13ci | R-13 + R-13ci | R-13 + R-13ci | R-13 + R-13ci | R-13+ R-13ci | R-13 + R-13ci | R-13 + R-13ci | R-13+ R-19.5ci | R-13 + R-13ci | R-13+ R-19.5ci |
Metal framed | R-13 + R-5ci | R-13 + R-5ci | R-13 + R-5ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci | R-13 + R-15.6ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci | R-13+ R17.5ci |
Wood framed and other | R-13 + R-3.8ci or R-20 | R-13 + R-3.8ci or R-20 | R-13 + R-3.8ci or R-20 | R-13 + R-3.8ci or R-20 | R-13 + R-3.8ci or R-20 | R-13 + R-3.8ci or R-20 | R-13 + R-3.8ci or R-20 | R-13 + R-3.8ci or R-20 | R-13 + R-3.8ci or R-20 | R-13 + R-7.5ci or R-20 + R-3.8ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci or R-20 + R-3.8ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci or R-20 + R-3.8ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci or R-20 + R-3.8ci | R-13 + R-7.5ci or R-20 + R-3.8ci | R-13 + R-15.6ci or R-20 + R-10ci | R-13 + R-15.6ci or R-20 + R-10ci |
Walls, Below Grade | ||||||||||||||||
Below-grade walld | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | R-7.5ci | R-7.5ci | R-7.5ci | R-7.5ci | R-7.5ci | R-7.5ci | R-10ci | R-10ci | R-10ci | R-12.5ci |
Floors | ||||||||||||||||
Mass | NR | NR | R-6.3ci | R-8.3ci | R-10ci | R-10ci | R-10ci | R-10.4ci | R-10ci | R-12.5ci | R-12.5ci | R-12.5ci | R-15ci | R-16.7ci | R-15ci | R-16.7ci |
Joist/framing | NR | NR | R-30 | R-30 | R-30 | R-30 | R-30 | R-30 | R-30 | R-30 | R-30 | R-30e | R-30e | R-30e | R-30e | R-30e |
Slab-on-Grade Floors | ||||||||||||||||
Unheated slabs | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | R-10 for 24″ below | R-10 for 24″ below | R-10 for 24″ below | R-10 for 24″ below | R-10 for 24″ below | R-15 for 24″ below | R-15 for 24″ below | R-15 for 24″ below | R-15 for 24″ below | R-20 for 24″below |
Heated slabsd | R-7.5 for 12″ below | R-7.5 for 12″ below | R-7.5 for 12″ below | R-7.5 for 12″ below | R-10 for 24″ below | R-10 for 24″ below | R-15 for 24″ below | R-15 for 24″ below | R-15 for 36″ below | R-15 for 36″ below | R-15 for 36″ below | R-20 for 48″ below | R-20 for 24″ below | R-20 for 48″ below | R-20 for 48″ below | R-20 for 48″ below |
Opaque Doors | ||||||||||||||||
Swinging | U-0.61 | U-0.61 | U-0.61 | U-0.61 | U-0.61 | U-0.61 | U-0.61 | U-0.61 | U-0.37 | U-0.37 | U-0.37 | U-0.37 | U-0.37 | U-0.37 | U-0.37 | U-0.37 |
Roll-up or sliding | R-4.75 | R-4.75 | R-4.75 | R-4.75 | R-4.75 | R-4.75 | R-4.75 | R-4.75 | R-4.75 | R-4.75 | R-4.75 | R-4.75 | R-4.75 | R-4.75 | R-4.75 | R-4.75 |
Exceptions:
Exceptions: The following roofs and portions of roofs are exempt from the requirements in Table C402.2.1.1:
TABLE C402.2.1.1
MINIMUM ROOF REFLECTANCE AND EMITTANCE OPTIONSa
Three-year aged solar reflectanceb of 0.55 and three-year aged thermal emittancec of 0.75 |
Initial solar reflectanceb of 0.70 and initial thermal emittancec of 0.75 |
Three-year-aged solar reflectance indexd of 64 |
Initial solar reflectance indexd of 82 |
Exception: Where the slab-on-grade floor is greater than 24 inches (61 mm) below the finished exterior grade, perimeter insulation is not required.
TABLE C402.3
BUILDING ENVELOPE REQUIREMENTS: FENESTRATION
CLIMATE ZONE | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 EXCEPT MARINE | 5 AND MARINE 4 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
Vertical fenestration | ||||||||
U-factor | ||||||||
Fixed fenestration | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.46 | 0.38 | 0.38 | 0.36 | 0.29 | 0.29 |
Operable fenestration | 0.65 | 0.65 | 0.60 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.43 | 0.37 | 0.37 |
Entrance doors | 1.10 | 0.83 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.77 |
SHGC | ||||||||
SHGC | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.45 |
Skylights | ||||||||
U-factor | 0.75 | 0.65 | 0.55 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
SHGC | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.40 | NR | NR |
Deleted
Exception: Fenestration that is outside the scope of NFRC 200 is not required to comply with Item 3.
(Equation C4-1) |
where:
Skylight area | = | Total fenestration area of skylights. |
Skylight VT | = | Area weighted average visible transmittance of skylights. |
WF | = | Area weighted average well factor, where well factor is 0.9 if light well depth is less than 2 feet (610 mm), or 0.7 if light well depth is 2 feet (610 mm) or greater. |
Light well depth | = | Measure vertically from the underside of the lowest point of the skylight glazing to the ceiling plane under the skylight. |
Exception: Skylights above daylight zones of enclosed spaces are not required in:
Exception: Skylights above daylight zones of enclosed spaces are not required in:
Exception: Skylights designed to exclude direct sunlight entering the occupied space by the use of fixed or automated baffles, or the geometry of skylight and light well need not comply with Section C402.3.2.2.
PF = A/B | (Equation C4-2) |
PF | = | Projection factor (decimal). |
A | = | Distance measured horizontally from the furthest continuous extremity of any overhang, eave, or permanently attached shading device to the vertical surface of the glazing. |
B | = | Distance measured vertically from the bottom of the glazing to the underside of the overhang, eave, or permanently attached shading device. |
TABLE C402.3.3.1
SHGC ADJUSTMENT MULTIPLIERS
PROJECTION FACTOR | ORIENTED WITHIN 45 DEGREES OF TRUE NORTH | ALL OTHER ORIENTATION |
0.2 ≤ PF < 0.5 | 1.1 | 1.2 |
PF ≥ 0.5 | 1.2 | 1.6 |
Exception: Air barriers are not required in buildings located in Climate Zones 1, 2 and 3.
Exception: Buildings that comply with Section C402.4.1.2.3 are not required to comply with Items 1 and 3.
Relocated
Relocated
Exceptions:
Relocated
TABLE C402.4.3
MAXIMUM AIR INFILTRATION RATE
FOR FENESTRATION ASSEMBLIES
FENESTRATION ASSEMBLY | MAXIMUM RATE (CFM/FT2) | TEST PROCEDURE |
Windows | 0.20a | AAMA/WDMA/CSA101/I.S.2/A440 or NFRC 400 |
Sliding doors | 0.20a | |
Swinging doors | 0.20a | |
Skylights – with condensation weepage openings | 0.30 | |
Skylights – all other | 0.20a | |
Curtain walls | 0.06 | NFRC 400 or ASTM E 283 at 1.57 psf (75 Pa) |
Storefront glazing | 0.06 | |
Commercial glazed swinging entrance doors | 1.00 | |
Revolving doors | 1.00 | |
Garage doors | 0.40 | ANSI/DASMA 105, NFRC 400, or ASTM E 283 at 1.57 psf (75 Pa) |
Rolling doors | 1.00 |
Exception: Door openings required to comply with Section 716 or 716.4 of the International Building Code; or doors and door openings required by the International Building Code to comply with UL 1784 shall not be required to comply with Section C402.4.4.
Stairway and shaft vent dampers shall be installed with controls so that they are capable of automatically opening upon:
Exceptions:
Gravity (nonmotorized) dampers for ventilation air intakes shall be protected from direct exposure to wind.
Exceptions:
Exceptions:
TABLE C403.2.3(1)
MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS:
ELECTRICALLY OPERATED UNITARY AIR CONDITIONERS AND CONDENSING UNITS
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY | HEATING SECTION TYPE | SUBCATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION | MINIMUM EFFICIENCY | TEST PROCEDUREa | |
Before 6/1/2011 | As of 6/1/2011 | |||||
Air conditioners, air cooled | < 65,000 Btu/hb | All | Split System | 13.0 SEER | 13.0 SEER | AHRI 210/240 |
Single Package | 13.0 SEER | 13.0 SEER | ||||
Through-the-wall (air cooled) | ≤ 30,000 Btu/hb | All | Split system | 12.0 SEER | 12.0 SEER | |
Single Package | 12.0 SEER | 12.0 SEER | ||||
Small-duct high-velocity (air cooled) | < 65,000 Btu/hb | All | Split System | 10.0 SEER | 10.0 SEER | |
Air conditioners, air cooled | ≥65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 11.2 EER 11.4 IEER | 11.2 EER 11.4 IEER | AHRI 340/360 |
All other | Split System and Single Package | 11.0 EER 11.2 IEER | 11.0 EER 11.2 IEER | |||
≥135,000 Btu/h and < 240,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 11.0 EER 11.2 IEER | 11.0 EER 11.2 IEER | ||
All other | Split System and Single Package | 10.8 EER 11.0 IEER | 10.8 EER 11.0 IEER | |||
≥ 240,000 Btu/h and < 760,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 10.0 EER 10.1 IEER | 10.0 EER 10.1 IEER | ||
All other | Split System and Single Package | 9.8 EER 9.9 IEER | 9.8 EER 9.9 IEER | |||
≥ 760,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 9.7 EER 9.8 IEER | 9.7 EER 9.8 IEER | ||
All other | Split System and Single Package | 9.5 EER 9.6 IEER | 9.5 EER 9.6 IEER | |||
Air conditioners, water cooled | < 65,000 Btu/hb | All | Split System and Single Package | 12.1 EER 12.3 IEER | 12.1 EER 12.3 IEER | AHRI 210/240 |
≥ 65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 11.5 EER 11.7 IEER | 12.1 EER 12.3 IEER | AHRI 340/360 | |
All other | Split System and Single Package | 11.3 EER 11.5 IEER | 11.9 EER 12.1 IEER | |||
≥ 135,000 Btu/h and < 240,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 11.0 EER 11.2 IEER | 12.5 EER 12.7 IEER | ||
All other | Split System and Single Package | 10.8 EER 11.0 IEER | 12.3 EER 12.5 IEER | |||
≥ 240,000 Btu/h and < 760,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 11.0 EER 11.1 IEER | 12.4 EER 12.6 IEER | ||
All other | Split System and Single Package | 10.8 EER 10.9 IEER | 12.2 EER 12.4 IEER | |||
≥ 760,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 11.0 EER 11.1 IEER | 12.0 EER 12.4 IEER | ||
All other | Split System and Single Package | 10.8 EER 10.9 IEER | 12.0 EER 12.2 IEER |
(continued)
TABLE C403.2.3(1)—continued
MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS:
ELECTRICALLY OPERATED UNITARY AIR CONDITIONERS AND CONDENSING UNITS
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY | HEATING SECTION TYPE | SUB-CATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION | MINIMUM EFFICIENCY | TEST PROCEDUREa | |
Before 6/1/2011 | As of 6/1/2011 | |||||
Air conditioners, evaporatively cooled | < 65,000 Btu/hb | All | Split System and Single Package | 12.1 EER 12.3 IEER | 12.1 EER 12.3 IEER | AHRI 210/240 |
≥ 65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 11.5 EER 11.7 IEER | 12.1 EER 12.3 IEER | AHRI 340/360 | |
All other | Split System and Single Package | 11.3 EER 11.5 IEER | 11.9 EER 12.1 IEER | |||
≥ 135,000 Btu/h and < 240,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 11.0 EER 11.2 IEER | 12.0 EER 12.2 IEER | ||
All other | Split System and Single Package | 10.8 EER 11.0 IEER | 11.8 EER 12.0 IEER | |||
≥ 240,000 Btu/h and < 760,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 11.0 EER 11.1 EER | 11.9 EER 12.1 EER | ||
All other | Split System and Single Package | 10.8 EER 10.9 EER | 12.2 EER 11.9 EER | |||
≥ 760,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 11.0 EER 11.1 EER | 11.7 EER 11.9 EER | ||
All other | Split System and Single Package | 10.8 EER 10.9 EER | 11.5 EER 11.7 EER | |||
Condensing units, air cooled | ≥ 135,000 Btu/h | 10.1 EER 11.4 IEER | 10.5 EER 14.0 IEER | AHRI 365 | ||
Condensing units, water cooled | ≥ 135,000 Btu/h | 13.1 EER 13.6 IEER | 13.5 EER 14.0 IEER | |||
Condensing units, evaporatively cooled | ≥ 135,000 Btu/h | 13.1 EER 13.6 IEER | 13.5 EER 14.0 IEER |
TABLE C403.2.3(2)
MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS:
ELECTRICALLY OPERATED UNITARY AND APPLIED HEAT PUMPS
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY | HEATING SECTION TYPE | SUBCATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION | MINIMUM EFFICIENCY | TEST PROCEDUREa |
Air cooled (cooling mode) | < 65,000 Btu/hb | All | Split System | 13.0 SEER | AHRI 210/240 |
Single Packaged | 13.0 SEER | ||||
Through-the-wall, air cooled | ≤ 30,000 Btu/hb | All | Split System | 13.0 SEER | |
Single Packaged | 13.0 SEER | ||||
Single-duct high-velocity air cooled | < 65,000 Btu/hb | All | Split System | 10.0 SEER | |
Air cooled (cooling mode) | ≥ 65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 11.0 EER 11.2 IEER | AHRI 340/360 |
All other | Split System and Single Package | 10.8 EER 11.0 IEER | |||
≥ 135,000 Btu/h and < 240,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 10.6 EER 10.7 IEER | ||
All other | Split System and Single Package | 10.4 EER 10.5 IEER | |||
≥ 240,000 Btu/h | Electric Resistance (or None) | Split System and Single Package | 9.5 EER 9.6 IEER | ||
All other | Split System and Single Package | 9.3 EER 9.4 IEER | |||
Water source (cooling mode) | < 17,000 Btu/h | All | 86°F entering water | 11.2 EER | ISO 13256-1 |
≥ 17,000 Btu/h and < 65,000 Btu/h | All | 86°F entering water | 12.0 EER | ||
≥ 65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h | All | 86°F entering water | 12.0 EER | ||
Ground water source (cooling mode) | < 135,000 Btu/h | All | 59°F entering water | 16.2 EER | |
All | 77°F entering water | 13.4 EER | |||
Water-source water to water (cooling mode) | < 135,000 Btu/h | All | 86°F entering water | 10.6 EER | ISO 13256-2 |
59°F entering water | 16.3 EER | ||||
Ground water source Brine to water (cooling mode) | < 135,000 Btu/h | All | 77°F entering fluid | 12.1 EER | |
Air cooled (heating mode) | < 65,000 Btu/hb | — | Split System | 7.7 HSPF | AHRI 210/240 |
— | Single Package | 7.7 HSPF | |||
Through-the-wall, (air cooled, heating mode) | ≤ 30,000 Btu/hb (cooling capacity) | — | Split System | 7.4 HSPF | |
— | Single Package | 7.4 HSPF | |||
Small-duct high velocity (air cooled, heating mode) | < 65,000 Btu/hb | — | Split System | 6.8 HSPF |
(continued)
TABLE C403.2.3(2)—continued
MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS:
ELECTRICALLY OPERATED UNITARY AND APPLIED HEAT PUMPS
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY | HEATING SECTION TYPE | SUB-CATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION | MINIMUM EFFICIENCY | TEST PROCEDUREa |
Air cooled (heating mode) | ≥ 65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h (cooling capacity) | — | 47°F db/43°F wb Outdoor Air | 3.3 COP | AHRI 340/360 |
17°F db/15°F wb Outdoor Air | 2.25 COP | ||||
≥ 135,000 Btu/h (cooling capacity) | — | 47°F db/43°F wb Outdoor Air | 3.2 COP | ||
17°F db/15°F wb Outdoor Air | 2.05 COP | ||||
Water source (heating mode) | < 135,000 Btu/h (cooling capacity) | — | 68°F entering water | 4.2 COP | ISO 13256-1 |
Ground water source (heating mode) | < 135,000 Btu/h (cooling capacity) | — | 50°F entering water | 3.6 COP | |
Ground source (heating mode) | < 135,000 Btu/h (cooling capacity) | — | 32°F entering fluid | 3.1 COP | |
Water-source water to water (heating mode) | < 135,000 Btu/h (cooling capacity) | — | 68°F entering water | 3.7 COP | ISO 13256-2 |
— | 50°F entering water | 3.1 COP | |||
Ground source brine to water (heating mode) | < 135,000 Btu/h (cooling capacity) | — | 32°F entering fluid | 2.5 COP |
TABLE C403.2.3(3)
MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS:
ELECTRICALLY OPERATED PACKAGED TERMINAL AIR CONDITIONERS,
PACKAGED TERMINAL HEAT PUMPS, SINGLE-PACKAGE VERTICAL AIR CONDITIONERS,
SINGLE VERTICAL HEAT PUMPS, ROOM AIR CONDITIONERS AND ROOM AIR-CONDITIONER HEAT PUMPS
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY (INPUT) | SUBCATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION | MINIMUM EFFICIENCY | TEST PROCEDUREa | |
Before 10/08/2012 | As of 10/08/2012 | ||||
PTAC (cooling mode) new construction | All Capacities | 95°F db outdoor air | 12.5 - (0.213 × Cap/1000) EER | 13.8 - (0.300 × Cap/1000) EER | AHRI 310/380 |
PTAC (cooling mode) replacementsb | All Capacities | 95°F db outdoor air | 10.9 - (0.213 × Cap/1000) EER | 10.9 - (0.213 × Cap/1000) EER | |
PTHP (cooling mode) new construction | All Capacities | 95°F db outdoor air | 12.3 - (0.213 × Cap/1000) EER | 14.0 - (0.300 × Cap/1000) EER | |
PTHP (cooling mode) replacementsb | All Capacities | 95°F db outdoor air | 10.8 - (0.213 × Cap/1000) EER | 10.8 - (0.213 × Cap/1000) EER | |
PTHP (heating mode) new construction | All Capacities | — | 3.2 - (0.026 × Cap/1000) COP | 3.2 - (0.026 × Cap/1000) COP | |
PTHP (heating mode) replacementsb | All Capacities | — | 2.9 - (0.026 × Cap/1000) COP | 2.9 - (0.026 × Cap/1000) COP | |
SPVAC (cooling mode) | < 65,000 Btu/h | 95°F db/ 75°F wb outdoor air | 9.0 EER | 9.0 EER | AHRI 390 |
≥65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h | 95°F db/ 75°F wb outdoor air | 8.9 EER | 8.9 EER | ||
≥135,000 Btu/h and < 240,000 Btu/h | 95°F db/ 75°F wb outdoor air | 8.6 EER | 8.6 EER | ||
SPVHP (cooling mode) | < 65,000 Btu/h | 95°F db/ 75°F wb outdoor air | 9.0 EER | 9.0 EER | |
≥65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h | 95°F db/ 75°F wb outdoor air | 8.9 EER | 8.9 EER | ||
≥135,000 Btu/h and < 240,000 Btu/h | 95°F db/ 75°F wb outdoor air | 8.6 EER | 8.6 EER | ||
SPVHP (heating mode) | < 65,000 Btu/h | 47°F db/ 43°F wb outdoor air | 3.0 COP | 3.0 COP | AHRI 390 |
≥65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h | 47°F db/ 43°F wb outdoor air | 3.0 COP | 3.0 COP | ||
≥ 135,000 Btu/h and < 240,000 Btu/h | 47°F db/ 75°F wb outdoor air | 2.9 COP | 2.9 COP |
(continued)
TABLE C403.2.3(3)—continued
MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS:
ELECTRICALLY OPERATED PACKAGED TERMINAL AIR CONDITIONERS,
PACKAGED TERMINAL HEAT PUMPS, SINGLE-PACKAGE VERTICAL AIR CONDITIONERS,
SINGLE VERTICAL HEAT PUMPS, ROOM AIR CONDITIONERS AND ROOM AIR-CONDITIONER HEAT PUMPS
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY (INPUT) | SUBCATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION | MINIMUM EFFICIENCY | TEST PROCEDUREa | |
Before 10/08/2012 | As of 10/08/2012 | ||||
Room air conditioners, with louvered slides | < 6,000 Btu/h | — | 9.7 SEER | 9.7 SEER | ANSI/AHAM RAC-1 |
≥ 6,000 Btu/h and < 8,000 Btu/h | — | 9.7 EER | 9.7 EER | ||
≥ 8,000 Btu/h and < 14,000 Btu/h | — | 9.8 EER | 9.8 EER | ||
≥14,000 Btu/h and < 20,000 Btu/h | — | 9.7 SEER | 9.7 SEER | ||
≥ 20,000 Btu/h | — | 8.5 EER | 8.5 EER | ||
Room air conditioners, without louvered slides | < 8,000 Btu/h | — | 9.0 EER | 9.0 EER | |
≥ 8,000 Btu/h and < 20,000 Btu/h | — | 8.5 EER | 8.5 EER | ||
≥ 20,000 Btu/h | — | 8.5 EER | 8.5 EER | ||
Room air-conditioner heat pumps with louvered sides | < 20,000 Btu/h | — | 9.0 EER | 9.0 EER | |
≥ 20,000 Btu/h | — | 8.5 EER | 8.5 EER | ||
Room air-conditioner heat pumps without louvered sides | < 14,000 Btu/h | — | 8.5 EER | 8.5 EER | |
≥ 14,000 Btu/h | — | 8.0 EER | 8.0 EER | ||
Room air conditioner casement only | All capacities | — | 8.7 EER | 8.7 EER | |
Room air conditioner casement-slider | All capacities | — | 9.5 EER | 9.5 EER |
TABLE 403.2.3(4)
WARM AIR FURNACES AND COMBINATION WARM AIR FURNACES/AIR-CONDITIONING UNITS,
WARM AIR DUCT FURNACES AND UNIT HEATERS, MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY (INPUT) | SUBCATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION | MINIMUM EFFICIENCYd,e | TEST PROCEDUREa |
Warm air furnaces, gas fired | < 225,000 Btu/h | — | 78% AFUE or 80%Etc | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 or ANSI Z21.47 |
≥ 225,000 Btu/h | Maximum capacityc | 80%Etf | ANSI Z21.47 | |
Warm air furnaces, oil fired | < 225,000 Btu/h | — | 78% AFUE or 80%Etc | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 or UL 727 |
≥ 225,000 Btu/h | Maximum capacityb | 81%Etg | UL 727 | |
Warm air duct furnaces, gas fired | All capacities | Maximum capacityb | 80%Ec | ANSI Z83.8 |
Warm air unit heaters, gas fired | All capacities | Maximum capacityb | 80%Ec | ANSI Z83.8 |
Warm air unit heaters, oil fired | All capacities | Maximum capacityb | 80%Ec | UL 731 |
TABLE C403.2.3(5)
MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS: GAS- AND OIL-FIRED BOILERS
EQUIPMENT TYPEa | SUBCATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION | SIZE CATEGORY (INPUT) | MINIMUM EFFICIENCY | TEST PROCEDURE |
Boilers, hot water | Gas-fired | < 300,000 Btu/h | 80% AFUE | 10 CFR Part 430 |
≥ 300,000 Btu/h and ≤ 2,500,000 Btu/hb | 80% Et | 10CFR Part 431 | ||
> 2,500,00 Btu/ha | 82% Ec | |||
Oil-firedc | < 300,000 Btu/h | 80% AFUE | 10 CFR Part 430 | |
≥ 300,000 Btu/h and ≤ 2,500,000 Btu/hb | 82% Et | 10 CFR Part 431 | ||
> 2,500,000 Btu/ha | 84% Ec | |||
Boilers, steam | Gas-fired | < 300,000 Btu/h | 75% AFUE | 10 CFR Part 430 |
Gas-fired- all, except natural draft | ≥ 300,000 Btu/h and ≤ 2,500,000 Btu/hb | 79% Et | 10CFR Part 431 | |
> 2,500,000 Btu/ha | 79% Et | |||
Gas-fired-natural draft | ≥ 300,000 Btu/h and ≤ 2,500,000 Btu/hb | 77% Et | ||
> 2,500,000 Btu/ha | 77% Et | |||
Oil-firedc | < 300,000 Btu/h | 80% AFUE | 10 CFR Part 430 | |
≥ 300,000 Btu/h and ≤ 2,500,000 Btu/hb | 81% Et | 10CFR Part 431 | ||
> 2,500,000 Btu/ha | 81% Et |
TABLE C403.2.3(6)
MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS:
CONDENSING UNITS, ELECTRICALLY OPERATED
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY | MINIMUM EFFICIENCYb | TEST PROCEDUREa |
Condensing units, air cooled | ≥ 135,000 Btu/h | 10.1 EER 11.2 IPLV | AHRI 365 |
Condensing units, water or evaporatively cooled | ≥ 135,000 Btu/h | 13.1 EER 13.1 IPLV |
TABLE C403.2.3(7)
MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS:
WATER CHILLING PACKAGESa
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY | UNITS | BEFORE 1/1/2010 | AS OF 1/1/2010b | TEST PROCEDUREc | ||||
PATH A | PATH B | ||||||||
FULL LOAD | IPLV | FULL LOAD | IPLV | FULL LOAD | IPLV | ||||
Air-cooled chillers | < 150 tons | EER | ≥9.562 | ≥10.416 | ≥ 9.562 | ≥ 12.500 | NA | NA | AHRI 550/590 |
≥150 tons | EER | ≥ 9.562 | ≥ 12.750 | NA | NA | ||||
Air cooled without condenser, electrical operated | All capacities | EER | ≥10.586 | ≥ 11.782 | Air-cooled chillers without condensers shall be rated with matching condensers and comply with the air-cooled chiller efficiency requirements | ||||
Water cooled, electrically operated, reciprocating | All capacities | kW/ton | ≤ 0.837 | ≤0.696 | Reciprocating units shall comply with water cooled positive displacement efficiency requirements | ||||
Water cooled, electrically operated, positive displacement | < 75 tons | kW/ton | ≤ 0.790 | ≤ 0.676 | ≤ 0.780 | ≤ 0.630 | ≤ 0.800 | ≤ 0.600 | |
≥ 75 tons and < 150 tons | kW/ton | ≤ 0.775 | ≤ 0.615 | ≤ 0.790 | ≤ 0.586 | ||||
≥ 150 tons and < 300 tons | kW/ton | ≤0.717 | ≤ 0.627 | ≤ 0.680 | ≤ 0.580 | ≤ 0.718 | ≤ 0.540 | ||
≥ 300 tons | kW/ton | ≤ 0.639 | ≤ 0.571 | ≤0.620 | ≤ 0.540 | ≤0.639 | ≤ 0.490 | ||
Water cooled, electrically operated, centrifugal | < 150 tons | kW/ton | ≤ 0.703 | ≤ 0.669 | ≤ 0.634 | ≤ 0.596 | ≤ 0.639 | ≤0.450 | |
≥150 tons and < 300 tons | kW/ton | ≤0.634 | ≤ 0.596 | ||||||
≥300 tons and < 600 tons | kW/ton | ≤ 0.576 | ≤0.549 | ≤ 0.576 | ≤ 0.549 | ≤ 0.600 | ≤ 0.400 | ||
≥600 tons | kW/ton | ≤0.576 | ≤ 0.549 | ≤ 0.570 | ≤ 0.539 | ≤ 0.590 | ≤ 0.400 | ||
Air cooled, absorption single effect | All capacities | COP | ≥0.600 | NR | ≥0.600 | NR | NA | NA | AHRI 560 |
Water cooled, absorption single effect | All capacities | COP | ≥0.700 | NR | ≥ 0.700 | NR | NA | NA | |
Absorption double effect, indirect fired | All capacities | COP | ≥1.000 | ≥ 1.050 | ≥ 1.000 | ≥1.050 | NA | NA | |
Absorption double effect, direct fired | All capacities | COP | ≥1.000 | ≥ 1.000 | ≥ 1.000 | ≥1.000 | NA | NA |
TABLE C403.2.3(8)
MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS:
HEAT REJECTION EQUIPMENT
EQUIPMENT TYPEa | TOTAL SYSTEM HEAT REJECTION CAPACITY AT RATED CONDITIONS | SUBCATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION | PERFORMANCE REQUIREDb, c, d | TEST PROCEDUREe, f |
Propeller or axial fan open circuit cooling towers | All | 95°F Entering Water 85°F Leaving Water 75°F Entering wb | ≥ 38.2 gpm/hp | CTI ATC-105 and CTI STD-201 |
Centrifugal fan open circuit cooling towers | All | 95°F Entering Water 85°F Leaving Water 75°F Entering wb | ≥ 20.0 gpm/hp | CTI ATC-105 and CTI STD-201 |
Propeller or axial fan closed circuit cooling towers | All | 102°F Entering Water 90°F Leaving Water 75°F Entering wb | ≥14.0 gpm/hp | CTI ATC-105S and CTI STD-201 |
Centrifugal closed circuit cooling towers | All | 102°F Entering Water 90°F Leaving Water 75°F Entering wb | ≥ 7.0 gpm/hp | CTI ATC-105S and CTI STD-201 |
Air-cooled condensers | All | 125°F Condensing Temperature R-22 Test Fluid 190°F Entering Gas Temperature 15°F Subcooling 95°F Entering db | ≥ 176,000 Btu/h•hp | ARI 460 |
TABLE C403.2.3(9)
HEAT TRANSFER EQUIPMENT
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SUBCATEGORY | MINIMUM EFFICIENCY | TEST PROCEDUREa |
Liquid-to-liquid heat exchangers | Plate type | NR | AHRI 400 |
Adjusted minimum full-load COP ratings = (Full-load COP from Table 6.8.1C of AHRI Standard 550/590) × Kadj | (Equation C4-3) |
Adjusted minimum NPLV rating = (IPLV from Table 6.8.1C of AHRI Standard 550/590) × Kadj | (Equation C4-4) |
where:
Kadj | = | A × B |
A | = | 0.0000015318 × (LIFT)4 – 0.000202076 × (LIFT)3 + 0.0101800 × (LIFT)2 – 0.264958 × LIFT + 3.930196 |
B | = | 0.0027 × LvgEvap(°C) + 0.982 |
LIFT | = | LvgCond – LvgEvap |
LvgCond | = | Full-load condenser leaving water temperature (°C) |
LvgEvap | = | Full-load leaving evaporator temperature (°C) |
SI units shall be used in the Kadj equation.
The adjusted full-load and NPLV values shall only be applicable for centrifugal chillers meeting all of the following full-load design ranges:
Exception: Centrifugal chillers designed to operate outside of these ranges need not comply with this code.
Exception: Independent perimeter systems that are designed to offset only building envelope heat losses or gains or both serving one or more perimeter zones also served by an interior system provided:
Exception: Thermostats requiring manual changeover between heating and cooling modes.
Exceptions:
Exceptions:
Exception: Demand control ventilation is not required for systems and spaces as follows:
Exception: An energy recovery ventilation system shall not be required in any of the following conditions:
TABLE C403.2.6
ENERGY RECOVERY REQUIREMENT
CLIMATE ZONE | PERCENT (%) OUTDOOR AIR AT FULL DESIGN AIRFLOW RATE | |||||
≥ 30% and < 40% | ≥ 40% and < 50% | ≥ 50% and < 60% | ≥ 60% and < 70% | ≥ 70% and < 80% | ≥ 80% | |
DESIGN SUPPLY FAN AIRFLOW RATE (cfm) | ||||||
3B, 3C, 4B, 4C, 5B | NR | NR | NR | NR | ≥ 5000 | ≥ 5000 |
1B, 2B, 5C | NR | NR | ≥ 26000 | ≥12000 | ≥ 5000 | ≥ 4000 |
6B | ≥ 11000 | ≥ 5500 | ≥ 4500 | ≥ 3500 | ≥ 2500 | ≥ 1500 |
1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A | ≥ 5500 | ≥ 4500 | ≥ 3500 | ≥2000 | ≥1000 | > 0 |
7, 8 | ≥ 2500 | ≥1000 | > 0 | > 0 | > 0 | > 0 |
Exceptions:
Exception: Continuously welded and locking-type longitudinal joints and seams on ducts operating at static pressures less than 2 inches water gauge (w.g.) (500 Pa) pressure classification.
CL = F/P0.65 | (Equation C4-5) |
where:
F | = | The measured leakage rate in cfm per 100 square feet of duct surface. |
P | = | The static pressure of the test. |
Documentation shall be furnished by the designer demonstrating that representative sections totaling at least 25 percent of the duct area have been tested and that all tested sections meet the requirements of this section.
Exceptions:
TABLE C403.2.8
MINIMUM PIPE INSULATION THICKNESS (thickness in inches)a
FLUID OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE AND USAGE (°F) | INSULATION CONDUCTIVITY | NOMINAL PIPE OR TUBE SIZE (inches) | |||||
Conductivity Btu • in./(h • ft2 • °F)b | Mean Rating Temperature, °F | < 1 | 1 to < 11/2 | 11/2 to < 4 | 4 to < 8 | ≤ 8 | |
> 350 | 0.32 – 0.34 | 250 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
251 – 350 | 0.29 – 0.32 | 200 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 |
201 – 250 | 0.27 – 0.30 | 150 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
141 – 200 | 0.25 – 0.29 | 125 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
105 – 140 | 0.21 – 0.28 | 100 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
40 – 60 | 0.21 – 0.27 | 75 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
< 40 | 0.20 – 0.26 | 75 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 |
T | = | minimum insulation thickness, |
r | = | actual outside radius of pipe, |
t | = | insulation thickness listed in the table for applicable fluid temperature and pipe size, |
K | = | conductivity of alternate material at mean rating temperature indicated for the applicable fluid temperature (Btu × in/h × ft2 × °F) and |
k | = | the upper value of the conductivity range listed in the table for the applicable fluid temperature. |
Relocated
Exception: The following fan systems are exempt from allowable fan floor horsepower requirement.
Deleted
TABLE C403.2.10.1(1)
FAN POWER LIMITATION
LIMIT | CONSTANT VOLUME | VARIABLE VOLUME | |
Option 1: Fan system motor nameplate hp | Allowable nameplate motor hp | hp ≤ CFMS × 0.0011 | hp ≤ CFMS × 0.0015 |
Option 2: Fan system bhp | Allowable fan system bhp | bhp ≤ CFMS × 0.00094 + A | bhp ≤CFMS × 0.0013 + A |
CFMS | = | The maximum design supply airflow rate to conditioned spaces served by the system in cubic feet per minute. |
hp | = | The maximum combined motor nameplate horsepower. |
Bhp | = | The maximum combined fan brake horsepower. |
A | = | Sum of [PD × CFMD/4131] |
PD | = | Each applicable pressure drop adjustment from Table C403.2.10.1(2) in. w.c. |
CFMD | = | The design airflow through each applicable device from Table C403.2.10.1(2) in cubic feet per minute. |
TABLE C403.2.10.1(2)
FAN POWER LIMITATION PRESSURE DROP ADJUSTMENT
DEVICE | ADJUSTMENT |
Credits | |
Fully ducted return and/or exhaust air systems | 0.5 inch w.c. (2.15 in w.c. for laboratory and vivarium systems) |
Return and/or exhaust air flow control devices | 0.5 inch w.c. |
Exhaust filters, scrubbers, or other exhaust treatment. | The pressure drop of device calculated at fan system design condition |
Particulate filtration credit: MERV 9 thru 12 | 0.5 inch w.c. |
Particulate filtration credit: MERV 13 thru 15 | 0.9 inch. w.c. |
Particulate filtration credit: MERV 16 and greater and electronically enhanced filters | Pressure drop calculated at 2x clean filter pressure drop at fan system design condition. |
Carbon and other gas-phase air cleaners | Clean filter pressure drop at fan system design condition. |
Biosafety cabinet | Pressure drop of device at fan system design condition. |
Energy recovery device, other than coil runaround loop | (2.2 × energy recovery effectiveness) – 0.5 inch w.c. for each airstream |
Coil runaround loop | 0.6 inch w.c. for each airstream |
Evaporative humidifier/cooler in series with another cooling coil | Pressure drop of device at fan system design conditions |
Sound attenuation section | 0.15 inch w.c. |
Exhaust system serving fume hoods | 0.35 inch w.c. |
Laboratory and vivarium exhaust systems in high-rise buildings | 0.25 inch w.c./100 feet of vertical duct exceeding 75 feet |
Exceptions:
Deleted
Exception: Economizers are not required for the systems listed below.
TABLE C403.3.1(1)
ECONOMIZER REQUIREMENTS
CLIMATE ZONES | ECONOMIZER REQUIREMENT |
1A, 1B | No requirement |
2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 3C, 4A, 4B, 4C, 5A, 5B, 5C, 6A, 6B, 7, 8 | Economizers on all cooling systems ≥33,000 Btu/ha |
TABLE C403.3.1(2)
EQUIPMENT EFFICIENCY PERFORMANCE
EXCEPTION FOR ECONOMIZERS
CLIMATE ZONES | COOLING EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT (EER OR IPLV) |
2B | 10% Efficiency Improvement |
3B | 15% Efficiency Improvement |
4B | 20% Efficiency Improvement |
Exception: The use of mixed air temperature limit control shall be permitted for systems controlled from space temperature (such as single-zone systems).
TABLE C403.3.1.1.3(1)
HIGH-LIMIT SHUTOFF CONTROL OPTIONS FOR AIR ECONOMIZERS
CLIMATE ZONES | ALLOWED CONTROL TYPES | PROHIBITED CONTROL TYPES |
1B, 2B, 3B, 3C, 4B, 4C, 5B, 5C, 6B, 7, 8 | Fixed dry bulb | Fixed enthalpy |
Differential dry bulb | ||
Electronic enthalpya | ||
Differential enthalpy | ||
Dew-point and dry-bulb temperatures | ||
1A, 2A, 3A, 4A | Fixed dry bulb | Differential dry bulb |
Fixed enthalpy | ||
Electronic enthalpya | ||
Differential enthalpy | ||
Dew-point and dry-bulb temperatures | ||
All other climates | Fixed dry bulb | — |
Differential dry bulb | ||
Fixed enthalpy | ||
Electronic enthalpya | ||
Differential enthalpy | ||
Dew-point and dry-bulb temperatures |
TABLE C403.3.1.1.3(2)
HIGH-LIMIT SHUTOFF CONTROL SETTING FOR AIR ECONOMIZERS
DEVICE TYPE | CLIMATE ZONE | REQUIRED HIGH LIMIT (ECONOMIZER OFF WHEN): | |
EQUATION | DESCRIPTION | ||
Fixed dry bulb | 1B, 2B, 3B, 3C, 4B, 4C, 5B, 5C, 6B, 7, 8 | TOA > 75°F | Outdoor air temperature exceeds 75°F |
5A, 6A, 7A | TOA > 70°F | Outdoor air temperature exceeds 70°F | |
All other zones | TOA > 65°F | Outdoor air temperature exceeds 65°F | |
Differential dry bulb | 1B, 2B, 3B, 3C, 4B, 4C, 5A, 5B, 5C, 6A, 6B, 7, 8 | TOA > TRA | Outdoor air temperature exceeds return air temperature |
Fixed enthalpy | All | hOA > 28 Btu/lba | Outdoor air enthalpy exceeds 28 Btu/lb of dry aira |
Electronic Enthalpy | All | (TOA, RHOA) > A | Outdoor air temperature/RH exceeds the “A“ setpoint curveb |
Differential enthalpy | All | hOA > hRA | Outdoor air enthalpy exceeds return air enthalpy |
Dew-point and dry bulb temperatures | All | DPOA> 55°F or TOA> 75°F | Outdoor air dry bulb exceeds 75°F or outside dew point exceeds 55°F (65 gr/lb) |
Exception: Systems in which a water economizer is used and where dehumidification requirements cannot be met using outdoor air temperatures of 50°F dry bulb (10°C dry bulb)/45°F wet bulb (7.2°C wet bulb) shall satisfy 100 percent of the expected system cooling load at 45°F dry bulb (7.2°C dry bulb)/40°F wet bulb (4.5°C wet bulb).
Exceptions:
Exception: Economizers on VAV systems that cause zone level heating to increase due to a reduction in supply air temperature.
Exception: Where a system loop temperature optimization controller is installed and can determine the most efficient operating temperature based on realtime conditions of demand and capacity, dead bands of less than 20°F (11°C) shall be permitted.
Exception: Where it can be demonstrated that a heat pump system will be required to reject heat throughout the year.
Boiler plants including more than one boiler shall have the capability to reduce flow automatically through the boiler plant when a boiler is shut down.
Exception: Factory-installed heat rejection devices within HVAC equipment tested and rated in accordance with Tables C403.2.3(6) and C403.2.3(7).
Exception: The following define where individual zones or where entire air distribution systems are exempted from the requirement for VAV control:
1. Zones where special pressurization relationships or cross-contamination requirements are such that VAV systems are impractical.
2. Zones or supply air systems where at least 75 percent of the energy for reheating or for providing warm air in mixing systems is provided from a site-recovered or site-solar energy source.
3. Zones where special humidity levels are required to satisfy process needs.
4. Zones with a peak supply air quantity of 300 cfm (142 L/s) or less and where the flow rate is less than 10 percent of the total fan system supply airflow rate.
5. Zones where the volume of air to be reheated, recooled or mixed is no greater than the volume of outside air required to meet the minimum ventilation requirements of Chapter 4 of the International Mechanical Code.
6. Zones or supply air systems with thermostatic and humidistatic controls capable of operating in sequence the supply of heating and cooling energy to the zones and which are capable of preventing reheating, recooling, mixing or simultaneous supply of air that has been previously cooled, either mechanically or through the use of economizer systems, and air that has been previously mechanically heated.
Exceptions:
Exceptions:
Cooling systems shall not use hot gas bypass or other evaporator pressure control systems unless the system is designed with multiple steps of unloading or continuous capacity modulation. The capacity of the hot gas bypass shall be limited as indicated in Table C
Exception: Unitary packaged systems with cooling capacities not greater than 90,000 Btu/h (26 379 W).
TABLE C403.4.7
MAXIMUM HOT GAS BYPASS CAPACITY
RATED CAPACITY | MAXIMUM HOT GAS BYPASS CAPACITY (% of total capacity) |
≤ 240,000 Btu/h | 50 |
> 240,000 Btu/h | 25 |
TABLE C404.2
MINIMUM PERFORMANCE OF WATER-HEATING EQUIPMENT
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY (input) | SUBCATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION | PERFORMANCE REQUIREDa, b | TEST PROCEDURE |
Water heaters, electric | ≤ 12 kW | Resistance | 0.97 - 0.00 132V, EF | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 |
> 12 kW | Resistance | 1.73V+ 155 SL, Btu/h | ANSI Z21.10.3 | |
≤ 24 amps and ≤ 250 volts | Heat pump | 0.93 - 0.00 132V, EF | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 | |
Storage water heaters, gas | ≤ 75,000 Btu/h | ≥ 20 gal | 0.67 - 0.0019V, EF | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 |
> 75,000 Btu/h and ≤155,000 Btu/h | < 4,000 Btu/h/gal | ANSI Z21.10.3 | ||
> 155,000 Btu/h | < 4,000 Btu/h/gal | |||
Instantaneous water heaters, gas | > 50,000 Btu/h and < 200,000 Btu/hc | ≥ 4,000 (Btu/h)/gal and < 2 gal | 0.62 - 0.00 19V, EF | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 |
≥200,000 Btu/h | ≥ 4,000 Btu/h/gal and < 10 gal | 80% Et | ANSI Z21.10.3 | |
≥ 200,000 Btu/h | ≥ 4,000 Btu/h/gal and ≥ 10 gal | |||
Storage water heaters, oil | ≤ 105,000 Btu/h | ≥ 20 gal | 0.59 - 0.0019V, EF | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 |
≥ 105,000 Btu/h | < 4,000 Btu/h/gal | ANSI Z21.10.3 | ||
Instantaneous water heaters, oil | ≤ 210,000 Btu/h | ≥ 4,000 Btu/h/gal and < 2 gal | 0.59 - 0.0019V, EF | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 |
> 210,000 Btu/h | ≥4,000 Btu/h/gal and < 10 gal | 80% Et | ANSI Z21.10.3 | |
> 210,000 Btu/h | ≥ 4,000 Btu/h/gal and ≥ 10 gal | |||
Hot water supply boilers, gas and oil | ≥300,000 Btu/h and < 12,500,000 Btu/h | ≥ 4,000 Btu/h/gal and < 10 gal | 80% Et | ANSI Z21.10.3 |
Hot water supply boilers, gas | ≥300,000 Btu/h and < 12,500,000 Btu/h | ≥ 4,000 Btu/h/gal and ≥ 10 gal | ||
Hot water supply boilers, oil | > 300,000 Btu/h and < 12,500,000 Btu/h | > 4,000 Btu/h/gal and > 10 gal | ||
Pool heaters, gas and oil | All | — | 78% Et | ASHRAE 146 |
Heat pump pool heaters | All | — | 4.0 COP | AHRI 1160 |
Unfired storage tanks | All | — | Minimum insulation requirement R-12.5 (h • ft2 • °F)/Btu | (none) |
Exceptions:
Exception: A vapor-retardant cover is not required for pools deriving over 70 percent of the energy for heating from site-recovered energy, such as a heat pump or solar energy source computed over an operating season.
Exceptions:
Exception: Light reduction controls need not be provided in the following areas and spaces:
Exception: Additional lighting controls need not be provided in the following spaces:
Exceptions:
The automatic time switch control device shall include an override switching device that complies with the following:
Exception: Within malls, arcades, auditoriums, single tenant retail spaces, industrial facilities and arenas:
Deleted
Exception: Full automatic-on controls shall be permitted to control lighting in public corridors, stairways, restrooms, primary building entrance areas and lobbies, and areas where manual-on operation would endanger the safety or security of the room or building occupants
Exception: Daylight zones enclosed by walls or ceiling height partitions and containing two or fewer light fixtures are not required to have a separate switch for general area lighting.
Daylighting controls device shall be capable of automatically reducing the lighting power in response to available daylight by either one of the following methods:
Exceptions:
TABLE C405.5.2(1)
INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES:
BUILDING AREA METHOD
BUILDING AREA TYPE | LPD (w/ft2) |
Automotive facility | 0.9 |
Convention center | 1.2 |
Courthouse | 1.2 |
Dining: bar lounge/leisure | 1.3 |
Dining: cafeteria/fast food | 1.4 |
Dining: family | 1.6 |
Dormitory | 1.0 |
Exercise center | 1.0 |
Fire station | 0.8 |
Gymnasium | 1.1 |
Health care clinic | 1.0 |
Hospital | 1.2 |
Hotel | 1.0 |
Library | 1.3 |
Manufacturing facility | 1.3 |
Motel | 1.0 |
Motion picture theater | 1.2 |
Multifamily | 0.7 |
Museum | 1.1 |
Office | 0.9 |
Parking garage | 0.3 |
Penetentiary | 1.0 |
Performing arts theater | 1.6 |
Police station | 1.0 |
Post office | 1.1 |
Religious building | 1.3 |
Retail | 1.4 |
School/university | 1.2 |
Sports arena | 1.1 |
Town hall | 1.1 |
Transportation | 1.0 |
Warehouse | 0.6 |
Workshop | 1.4 |
TABLE C405.5.2(2)
INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES:
SPACE-BY-SPACE METHOD
COMMON SPACE-BY-SPACE TYPES | LPD (w/ft2) |
Atrium – First 40 feet in height | 0.03 per ft. ht. |
Atrium – Above 40 feet in height | 0.02 per ft. ht. |
Audience/seating area – permanent For auditorium For performing arts theater For motion picture theater Classroom/lecture/training Conference/meeting/multipurpose Corridor/transition | 0.9 2.6 1.2 1.30 1.2 0.7 |
Dining area Bar/lounge/leisure dining Family dining area | 1.40 1.40 |
Dressing/fitting room performing arts theater | 1.1 |
Electrical/mechanical | 1.10 |
Food preparation | 1.20 |
Laboratory for classrooms | 1.3 |
Laboratory for medical/industrial/research | 1.8 |
Lobby | 1.10 |
Lobby for performing arts theater | 3.3 |
Lobby for motion picture theater | 1.0 |
Locker room | 0.80 |
Lounge recreation | 0.8 |
Office – enclosed | 1.1 |
Office – open plan | 1.0 |
Restroom | 1.0 |
Sales area | 1.6a |
Stairway | 0.70 |
Storage | 0.8 |
Workshop | 1.60 |
Courthouse/police station/penetentiary Courtroom Confinement cells Judge chambers Penitentiary audience seating Penitentiary classroom Penitentiary dining | 1.90 1.1 1.30 0.5 1.3 1.1 |
BUILDING SPECIFIC SPACE-BY-SPACE TYPES | |
Automotive – service/repair | 0.70 |
Bank/office – banking activity area | 1.5 |
Dormitory living quarters | 1.10 |
Gymnasium/fitness center Fitness area Gymnasium audience/seating Playing area | 0.9 0.40 1.40 |
(continued)
TABLE C405.5.2(2)—continued
INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES:
SPACE-BY-SPACE METHOD
COMMON SPACE-BY-SPACE TYPES | LPD (w/ft2) |
Healthcare clinic/hospital Corridors/transition Exam/treatment Emergency Public and staff lounge Medical supplies Nursery Nurse station Physical therapy Patient room Pharmacy Radiology/imaging Operating room Recovery Lounge/recreation Laundry – washing | 1.00 1.70 2.70 0.80 1.40 0.9 1.00 0.90 0.70 1.20 1.3 2.20 1.2 0.8 0.60 |
Hotel Dining area Guest rooms Hotel lobby Highway lodging dining Highway lodging guest rooms | 1.30 1.10 2.10 1.20 1.10 |
Library Stacks Card file and cataloguing Reading area | 1.70 1.10 1.20 |
Manufacturing Corridors/transition Detailed manufacturing Equipment room Extra high bay (> 50-foot floor-ceiling height) High bay (25- – 50-foot floor-ceiling height) Low bay (< 25-foot floor-ceiling height) | 0.40 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.20 1.2 |
Museum General exhibition Restoration | 1.00 1.70 |
Parking garage – garage areas | 0.2 |
Convention center Exhibit space Audience/seating area | 1.50 0.90 |
Fire stations Engine room Sleeping quarters | 0.80 0.30 |
Post office Sorting area | 0.9 |
Religious building Fellowship hall Audience seating Worship pulpit/choir | 0.60 2.40 2.40 |
Retail Dressing/fitting area Mall concourse Sales area | 0.9 1.6 1.6a |
(continued)
TABLE C405.5.2(2)—continued
INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES:
SPACE-BY-SPACE METHOD
BUILDING SPECIFIC SPACE-BY-SPACE TYPES | LPD (w/ft2) |
Sports arena Audience seating Court sports area – Class 4 Court sports area – Class 3 Court sports area – Class 2 Court sports area – Class 1 Ring sports area | 0.4 0.7 1.2 1.9 3.0 2.7 |
Transportation Air/train/bus baggage area Airport concourse Terminal – ticket counter | 1.00 0.60 1.50 |
Warehouse Fine material storage Medium/bulky material | 1.40 0.60 |
Deleted
Retail Area 1 | = | The floor area for all products not listed in Retail Area 2, 3 or 4. |
Retail Area 2 | = | The floor area used for the sale of vehicles, sporting goods and small electronics. |
Retail Area 3 | = | The floor area used for the sale of furniture, clothing, cosmetics and artwork. |
Retail Area 4 | = | The floor area used for the sale of jewelry, crystal and china. |
Exception: Lighting used for the following exterior applications is exempt where equipped with a control device independent of the control of the nonexempt lighting:
TABLE C405.6.2(1)
EXTERIOR LIGHTING ZONES
LIGHTING ZONE | DESCRIPTION |
1 | Developed areas of national parks, state parks, forest land, and rural areas |
2 | Areas predominantly consisting of residential zoning, neighborhood business districts, light industrial with limited nighttime use and residential mixed use areas |
3 | All other areas |
4 | High-activity commercial districts in major metropolitan areas as designated by the local land use planning authority |
TABLE C405.6.2(2)
INDIVIDUAL LIGHTING POWER ALLOWANCES FOR BUILDING EXTERIORS
LIGHTING ZONES | |||||
Zone 1 | Zone 2 | Zone 3 | Zone 4 | ||
Base Site Allowance (Base allowance is usable in tradable or nontradable surfaces.) | 500 W | 600 W | 750 W | 1300 W | |
Tradable Surfaces (Lighting power densities for uncovered parking areas, building grounds, building entrances and exits, canopies and overhangs and outdoor sales areas are tradable.) | Uncovered Parking Areas | ||||
Parking areas and drives | 0.04 W/ft2 | 0.06 W/ft2 | 0.10 W/ft2 | 0.13 W/ft2 | |
Building Grounds | |||||
Walkways less than 10 feet wide | 0.7 W/linear foot | 0.7 W/linear foot | 0.8 W/linear foot | 1.0 W/linear foot | |
Walkways 10 feet wide or greater, plaza areas special feature areas | 0.14 W/ft2 | 0.14 W/ft2 | 0.16 W/ft2 | 0.2 W/ft2 | |
Stairways | 0.75 W/ft2 | 1.0 W/ft2 | 1.0 W/ft2 | 1.0 W/ft2 | |
Pedestrian tunnels | 0.15 W/ft2 | 0.15 W/ft2 | 0.2 W/ft2 | 0.3 W/ft2 | |
Building Entrances and Exits | |||||
Main entries | 20 W/linear foot of door width | 20 W/linear foot of door width | 30 W/linear foot of door width | 30 W/linear foot of door width | |
Other doors | 20 W/linear foot of door width | 20 W/linear foot of door width | 20 W/linear foot of door width | 20 W/linear foot of door width | |
Entry canopies | 0.25 W/ft2 | 0.25 W/ft2 | 0.4 W/ft2 | 0.4 W/ft2 | |
Sales Canopies | |||||
Free-standing and attached | 0.6 W/ft2 | 0.6 W/ft2 | 0.8 W/ft2 | 1.0 W/ft2 | |
Outdoor Sales | |||||
Open areas (including vehicle sales lots) | 0.25 W/ft2 | 0.25 W/ft2 | 0.5 W/ft2 | 0.7 W/ft2 | |
Street frontage for vehicle sales lots in addition to “open area“ allowance | No allowance | 10 W/linear foot | 10 W/linear foot | 30 W/linear foot | |
Nontradable Surfaces (Lighting power density calculations for the following applications can be used only for the specific application and cannot be traded between surfaces or with other exterior lighting. The following allowances are in addition to any allowance otherwise permitted in the “Tradable Surfaces“ section of this table.) | Building facades | No allowance | 0.1 W/ft2 for each illuminated wall or surface or 2.5 W/linear foot for each illuminated wall or surface length | 0.15 W/ft2 for each illuminated wall or surface or 3.75 W/linear foot for each illuminated wall or surface length | 0.2 W/ft2 for each illuminated wall or surface or 5.0 W/linear foot for each illuminated wall or surface length |
Automated teller machines and night depositories | 270 W per location plus 90 W per additional ATM per location | 270 W per location plus 90 W per additional ATM per location | 270 W per location plus 90 W per additional ATM per location | 270 W per location plus 90 W per additional ATM per location | |
Entrances and gatehouse inspection stations at guarded facilities | 0.75 W/ft2 of covered and uncovered area | 0.75 W/ft2 of covered and uncovered area | 0.75 W/ft2 of covered and uncovered area | 0.75 W/ft2 of covered and uncovered area | |
Loading areas for law enforcement, fire, ambulance and other emergency service vehicles | 0.5 W/ft2 of covered and uncovered area | 0.5 W/ft2 of covered and uncovered area | 0.5 W/ft2 of covered and uncovered area | 0.5 W/ft2 of covered and uncovered area | |
Drive-up windows/doors | 400 W per drive-through | 400 W per drive-through | 400 W per drive-through | 400 W per drive-through | |
Parking near 24-hour retail entrances | 800 W per main entry | 800 W per main entry | 800 W per main entry | 800 W per main entry |
Individual tenant spaces shall comply with either Section C406.2 or Section C406.3 unless documentation can be provided that demonstrates compliance with Section C406.4 for the entire building
TABLE C406.2(1)
UNITARY AIR CONDITIONERS AND CONDENSING UNITS, ELECTRICALLY OPERATED, EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY | SUBCATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION | MINIMUM EFFICIENCYa | |
CLIMATE ZONES 1 - 5 | CLIMATE ZONES 6 - 8 | |||
Air conditioners, air cooled | < 65,000 Btu/h | Split system | 15.0 SEER 12.5 EER | 14 SEER 12 EER |
Single package | 15.0 SEER 12.0 EER | 14.0 SEER 11.6 EER | ||
≥ 65,000 Btuh/h and < 240,000 Btu/h | Split system and single package | 12.0 EERb 12.54 IEERb | 11.5 EERb 12.0 IEERb | |
≥ 240,000 Btu/h and < 760,000 Btu/h | Split system and single package | 10.8 EERb 11.3 IEERb | 10.5 EERb 11.0 IEERb | |
≥ 760,000 Btu/h | — | 10.2 EERb 10.7 IEERb | 9.7 EERb 10.2 IEERb | |
Air conditioners, water and evaporatively cooled | — | Split system and single package | 14.0 EER | 14.0 EER |
TABLE C406.2(2)
UNITARY AND APPLIED HEAT PUMPS, ELECTRICALLY OPERATED, EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY | SUBCATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION | MINIMUM EFFICIENCYa | |
CLIMATE ZONES 1 - 5 | CLIMATE ZONES 6 - 8 | |||
Air cooled (Cooling mode) | < 65,000 Btu/h | Split system | 15.0 SEER, 12.5 EER | 14.0 SEER, 12.0 EER |
Single package | 15.0 SEER, 12.0 EER | 14.0 SEER 11.6 EER | ||
≥65,000 Btu/h and < 240,000 Btu/h | Split system and single package | 12.0 SEER, 12.4 EER | 11.5 EERb, 12.0 IEERb | |
≥ 240,000 Btu/h | Split system and single package | 12.0 SEER, 12.4 EER | 10.5 EERb, 10.5 IEERb | |
Water sources (Cooling mode) | < 135,000 Btu/h | 85°F entering water | 14.0 EER | 14.0 EER |
Air cooled (Heating mode) | < 65,000 Btu/h (Cooling capacity) | Split system | 9.0 HSPF | 8.5 HSPF |
Single package | 8.5 HSPF | 8.0 HSPF | ||
≥ 65,000 Btu/h and < 135,000 Btu/h (Cooling capacity) | 47°F db/43°F wb outdoor air | 3.4 COP | 3.4 COP | |
17°F db/15°F wb outdoor air | 2.4 COP | 2.4 COP | ||
≥135,000 Btu/h (Cooling capacity) | 47°F db/43°F wb outdoor air | 3.2 COP | 3.2 COP | |
77°F db/15°F wb outdoor air | 2.1 COP | 2.1 COP | ||
Water sources (Heating mode) | < 135,000 Btu/h (Cooling capacity) | 70°F entering water | 4.6 COP | 4.6 COP |
TABLE C406.2(3)
PACKAGED TERMINAL AIR CONDITIONERS AND PACKAGED TERMINALHEAT PUMPS
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY | MINIMUM EFFICIENCY |
Air conditioners and heat pumps (cooling mode) | < 7,000 Btu/h | 11.9 EER |
7,000 Btu/h and < 10,000 Btu/h | 11.3 EER | |
10,000 Btu/h and ≤13,000 Btu/h | 10.7 EER | |
> 13,000 Btu/h | 9.5 EER |
TABLE C406.2(4)
WARM AIR FURNACES AND COMBINATION WARM AIR FURNACES/AIR-CONDITIONING UNITS,
WARM AIR DUCT FURNACES AND UNIT HEATERS, EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY (INPUT) | SUBCATEGORY OR RATING CONDITION | MINIMUM EFFICIENCY | TEST PROCEDURE |
Warm air furnaces, gas fireda | < 225,000 Btu/h | — | For Climate Zones 1 and 2 NR | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 or ANSI Z21.47 |
For Climate Zones 3 and 4 90 AFUE or 90 Ect | ||||
For Climate Zones 4 – 8 92 AFUE or 92 Ect | ||||
≥225,000 Btu/h | Maximum capacity | 90% Ebc | ANSI Z21.47 | |
Warm air furnaces, oil fireda | < 225,000 Btu/h | — | For Climate Zones 1 and 2 NR | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 or UL 727 |
For Climate Zones 3 – 8 85 AFUE or 85 Ect | ||||
≥225,000 Btu/h | Maximum capacity | 85% Ebt | UL 727 | |
Warm air duct furnaces, gas fireda | All capacities | Maximum capacity | 90% Ec | ANSI Z83.8 |
Warm air unit heaters, gas fired | All capacities | Maximum capacity | 90% Ec | ANSI Z83.8 |
Warm air unit heaters, oil fired | All capacities | Maximum capacity | 90% Ec | UL 731 |
TABLE C406.2(5)
BOILER, EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS
EQUIPMENT TYPE | FUEL | SIZE CATEGORY | TEST PROCEEDURE | MINIMUM EFFICIENCY |
Steam | Gas | < 300,000 Btu/h | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 | 83% AFUE |
> 300,000 Btu/h and > 2.5 m Btu/h | DOE 10 CFR Part 431 | 81% Et | ||
>2.5 m Btu/h | 82% Ec | |||
Oil | < 300,000 Btu/h | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 | 85% AFUE | |
> 300,000 Btu/h and > 2.5 m Btu/h | DOE 10 CFR Part 431 | 83% Et | ||
>2.5 m Btu/h | 84% Ec | |||
Hot water | Gas | < 300,000 Btu/h | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 | 97% AFUE |
> 300,000 Btu/h and > 2.5 m Btu/h | DOE 10 CFR Part 431 | 97% Et | ||
>2.5 m Btu/h | 94% Ec | |||
Oil | < 300,000 Btu/h | DOE 10 CFR Part 430 | 90% AFUE | |
> 300,000 Btu/h and > 2.5 m Btu/h | DOE 10 CFR Part 431 | 88% Et | ||
>2.5 m Btu/h | 87% Ec |
TABLE C406.2(6)
CHILLERS—EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS
EQUIPMENT TYPE | SIZE CATEGORY | UNITS | MINIMUM EFFICIENCYC (I-P) | Test Procedureb | |||
Path A | Path Bc | ||||||
Full Load | IPLV | Full Load | IPLV | ||||
Air-cooled chillers with condenser, electrically operated | < 150 tons | EER | 10.000 | 12.500 | NA | NA | AHRI 550/ 590f |
≥150 tons | EER | 10.000 | 12.750 | NA | NA | ||
Air-cooled without condenser, electrical operated | All capacities | EER | Condenserless units shall be rated with matched con- densers | AHRI 550 /590f | |||
Water-cooled, electrically oper- ated, positive displacement (recip- rocating) | All capacities | kw/ton | Reciprocating units required to comply with water cooled positive displacement requirements | AHRI 550/ 590f | |||
Water-cooled electrically oper- ated, positive displacement | < 75 tons | kw/ton | 0.780 | 0.630 | 0.800 | 0.600 | AHRI 550/ 590f |
≥ 75 tons and < 150 tons | kw/ton | 0.775 | 0.615 | 0.790 | 0.586 | ||
≥150 tons and < 300 tons | kw/ton | 0.680 | 0.580 | 0.718 | 0.540 | ||
≥ 300 tons | kw/ton | 0.620 | 0.540 | 0.639 | 0.490 | ||
Water-cooled electrically oper- ated, centrifugald | < 150 tons | kw/ton | 0.634 | 0.596 | 0.639 | 0.450 | AHRI 550/ 590f |
≥150 tons and < 300 tons | kw/ton | 0.634 | 0.596 | 0.639 | 0.450 | ||
≥300 tons and < 600 tons | kw/ton | 0.576 | 0.549 | 0.600 | 0.400 | ||
≥ 600 tons | kw/ton | 0.570 | 0.539 | 0.590 | 0.400 | ||
Air-cooled absorption single effecte | All capacities | COP | 0.600 | NR | NA | NA | AHRI 560 |
Water-cooled absorption single effecte | All capacities | COP | 0.700 | NR | NA | NA | |
Absorption double effect indirect- fired | All capacities | COP | 1.000 | 1.050 | NA | NA | |
Absorption double effect direct fired | All capacities | COP | 1.000 | 1.000 | NA | NA |
Adjusted maximum NPLV rating | = | (IPLV from Table C-3)/Kadj |
K adj | = | 6.174722 – 0.303668(X) + 0.00629466(X)2 – 0.000045780(X)3 |
X | = | DTstd+ LIFT (°F) |
DTstd | = | [(24 + (full load kW/ton from Table C-3) × 6.83)]/flow (°F) |
Flow | = | condenser-water flow (gpm) / cooling full load capacity (tons) |
LIFT | = | CEWT – CLWT (°F) |
CEWT | = | full load entering condenser-water temperature (°F) |
CLWT | = | full load leaving chilled-water temperature (°F) |
TABLE C406.2(7)
ABSORPTION CHILLERS—EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS
EQUIPMENT TYPE | MINIMUM EFFICIENCY FULL LOAD COP (IPLV) |
Air cooled, single effect | 0.60, allowed only in heat recovery applications |
Water cooled, single effect | 0.70, allowed only in heat recovery applications |
Double effect – direct fired | 1.0 (1.05 ) |
Double effect – indirect fired | 1.20 |
TABLE C406.3
REDUCED INTERIOR LIGHTING POWER
BUILDING AREA TYPEa | LPD (w/ft2) |
Automotive facility | 0.82 |
Convention center | 1.08 |
Courthouse | 1.05 |
Dining: bar lounge/leisure | 0.99 |
Dining: cafeteria/fast food | 0.90 |
Dining: family | 0.89 |
Dormitory | 0.61 |
Exercise center | 0.88 |
Fire station | 0.71 |
Gymnasium | 1.0 |
Health care clinic | 0.87 |
Hospital | 1.10 |
Library | 1.18 |
Manufacturing facility | 1.11 |
Hotel/motel | 0.88 |
Motion picture theater | 0.83 |
Museum | 1.06 |
Multifamily | 0.60 |
Office | 0.90/0.85b |
Performing arts theater | 1.39 |
Police station | 0.96 |
Post office | 0.87 |
Religious building | 1.05 |
Retail | 1.4/1.3b |
School/ university | 0.99 |
Sports arena | 0.78 |
Town hall | 0.92 |
Transportation | 0.77 |
Warehousec | 0.6 |
Workshop | 1.2 |
TABLE C407.5.1(1)
SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE STANDARD REFERENCE AND PROPOSED DESIGNS
BUILDING COMPONENT CHARACTERISTICS | STANDARD REFERENCE DESIGN | PROPOSED DESIGN |
Space use classification | Same as proposed | The space use classification shall be chosen in accordance with Table C405.5.2 for all areas of the building covered by this permit. Where the space use classification for a building is not known, the building shall be categorized as an office building. |
Roofs | Type: Insulation entirely above deck | As proposed |
Gross area: same as proposed | As proposed | |
U-factor: from Table C402.1.2 | As proposed | |
Solar absorptance: 0.75 | As proposed | |
Emittance: 0.90 | As proposed | |
Walls, above-grade | Type: Mass wall if proposed wall is mass; otherwise steel-framed wall | As proposed |
Gross area: same as proposed | As proposed | |
U-factor: from Table C402.1.2 | As proposed | |
Solar absorptance: 0.75 | As proposed | |
Emittance: 0.90 | As proposed | |
Walls, below-grade | Type: Mass wall | As proposed |
Gross area: same as proposed | As proposed | |
U-Factor: from Table C402.1.2 with insulation layer on interior side of walls | As proposed | |
Floors, above-grade | Type: joist/framed floor | As proposed |
Gross area: same as proposed | As proposed | |
U-factor: from Table C402.1.2 | As proposed | |
Floors, slab-on-grade | Type: Unheated | As proposed |
F-factor: from Table C402.1.2 | As proposed | |
Doors | Type: Swinging | As proposed |
Area: Same as proposed | As proposed | |
U-factor: from Table C402.2 | As proposed | |
Glazing | Area 1. The proposed glazing area; where the proposed glazing area is less than 40 percent of above-grade wall area. 2. 40 percent of above-grade wall area; where the proposed glazing area is 40 percent or more of the above-grade wall area. | As proposed |
U-factor: from Table C402.3 | As proposed | |
SHGC: from Table C402.3 except that for climates with no requirement (NR) SHGC = 0.40 shall be used | As proposed | |
External shading and PF: None | As proposed | |
Skylights | Area 1. The proposed skylight area; where the proposed skylight area is less than 3 percent of gross area of roof assembly. 2. 3 percent of gross area of roof assembly; where the proposed skylight area is 3 percent or more of gross area of roof assembly | As proposed |
U-factor: from Table C402.3 | As proposed | |
SHGC: from Table C402.3 except that for climates with no requirement (NR) SHGC = 0.40 shall be used. | As proposed | |
Lighting, interior | The interior lighting power shall be determined in accordance with Section C405.5.2. Where the occupancy of the building is not known, the lighting power density shall be 1.0 Watt per square foot (10.73 W/ m2) based on the categorization of buildings with unknown space classification as offices. | As proposed |
Lighting, exterior | The lighting power shall be determined in accordance with Table C405.6.2(2). Areas and dimensions of tradable and nontradable surfaces shall be the same as proposed. | As proposed |
(continued)
TABLE C407.5.1(1)—continued
SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE STANDARD REFERENCE AND PROPOSED DESIGNS
BUILDING COMPONENT CHARACTERISTICS | STANDARD REFERENCE DESIGN | PROPOSED DESIGN |
Internal gains | Same as proposed | Receptacle, motor and process loads shall be modeled and estimated based on the space use classification. All end-use load components within and associated with the building shall be modeled to include, but not be limited to, the following: exhaust fans, parking garage ventilation fans, exterior building lighting, swimming pool heaters and pumps, elevators, escalators, refrigeration equipment and cooking equipment. |
Schedules | Same as proposed | Operating schedules shall include hourly profiles for daily operation and shall account for variations between weekdays, weekends, holidays and any seasonal operation. Schedules shall model the time- dependent variations in occupancy, illumination, receptacle loads, thermostat settings, mechanical ventilation, HVAC equipment availability, service hot water usage and any process loads. The schedules shall be typical of the proposed building type as determined by the designer and approved by the jurisdiction. |
Mechanical ventilation | Same as proposed | As proposed, in accordance with Section C403.2.5. |
Heating systems | Fuel type: same as proposed design | As proposed |
Equipment typea: from Tables C407.5.1(2) and C407.5.1(3) | As proposed | |
Efficiency: from Tables C403.2.3(4) and C403.2.3(5) | As proposed | |
Capacityb: sized proportionally to the capacities in the proposed design based on sizing runs, and shall be established such that no smaller number of unmet heating load hours and no larger heating capacity safety factors are provided than in the proposed design. | As proposed | |
Cooling systems | Fuel type: same as proposed design | As proposed |
Equipment typec: from Tables C407.5.1(2) and C407.5.1(3) | As proposed | |
Efficiency: from Tables C403.2.3(1), C403.2.3(2) and C403.2.3(3) | As proposed | |
Capacityb: sized proportionally to the capacities in the proposed design based on sizing runs, and shall be established such that no smaller number of unmet cooling load hours and no larger cooling capacity safety factors are provided than in the proposed design. | As proposed | |
Economizerd: same as proposed, in accordance with Section C . | As proposed | |
Service water heating | Fuel type: same as proposed | As proposed |
Efficiency: from Table C404.2 | As proposed | |
Capacity: same as proposed | As proposed | |
Where no service water hot water system exists or is specified in the proposed design, no service hot water heating shall be modeled. |
TABLE C407.5.1(2)
HVAC SYSTEMS MAP
CONDENSER COOLING SOURCEa | HEATING SYSTEM CLASSIFICATIONb | STANDARD REFERENCE DESIGN HVC SYSTEM TYPEc | ||
Single-zone Residential System | Single-zone Nonresidential System | All Other | ||
Water/ground | Electric resistance | System 5 | System 5 | System 1 |
Heat pump | System 6 | System 6 | System 6 | |
Fossil fuel | System 7 | System 7 | System 2 | |
Air/none | Electric resistance | System 8 | System 9 | System 3 |
Heat pump | System 8 | System 9 | System 3 | |
Fossil fuel | System 10 | System 11 | System 4 |
TABLE C407.5.1(3)
SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE STANDARD REFERENCE DESIGN HVAC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONS
SYSTEM NO. | SYSTEM TYPE | FAN CONTROL | COOLING TYPE | HEATING TYPE |
1 | Variable air volume with parallel fan-powered boxesa | VAVd | Chilled watere | Electric resistance |
2 | Variable air volume with reheatb | VAVd | Chilled watere | Hot water fossil fuel boilerf |
3 | Packaged variable air volume with parallel fan-powered boxesa | VAVd | Direct expansionc | Electric resistance |
4 | Packaged variable air volume with reheatb | VAVd | Direct expansionc | Hot water fossil fuel boilerf |
5 | Two-pipe fan coil | Constant volumei | Chilled watere | Electric resistance |
6 | Water-source heat pump | Constant volumei | Direct expansionc | Electric heat pump and boilerg |
7 | Four-pipe fan coil | Constant volumei | Chilled watere | Hot water fossil fuel boilerf |
8 | Packaged terminal heat pump | Constant volumei | Direct expansionc | Electric heat pumph |
9 | Packaged rooftop heat pump | Constant volumei | Direct expansionc | Electric heat pumph |
10 | Packaged terminal air conditioner | Constant volumei | Direct expansion | Hot water fossil fuel boilerf |
11 | Packaged rooftop air conditioner | Constant volumei | Direct expansion | Fossil fuel furnace |
TABLE C407.5.1(4)
NUMBER OF CHILLERS
TOTAL CHILLER PLANT CAPACITY | NUMBER OF CHILLERS |
≤ 300 tons | 1 |
> 300 tons, < 600 tons | 2, sized equally |
≥ 600 tons | 2 minimum, with chillers added so that no chiller is larger than 800 tons, all sized equally |
TABLE C407.5.1(5)
WATER CHILLER TYPES
INDIVIDUAL CHILLER PLANT CAPACITY | ELECTRIC-CHILLER TYPE | FOSSIL FUEL CHILLER TYPE |
≤ 100 tons | Reciprocating | Single-effect absorption, direct fired |
> 100 tons, < 300 tons | Screw | Double-effect absorption, direct fired |
≥ 300 tons | Centrifugal | Double-effect absorption, direct fired |
Exception: Different HVAC zones shall be allowed to be combined to create a single thermal block or identical thermal blocks to which multipliers are applied provided:
1. The space use classification is the same throughout the thermal block.
2. All HVAC zones in the thermal block that are adjacent to glazed exterior walls face the same orientation or their orientations are within 45 degrees (0.79 rad) of each other.
3. All of the zones are served by the same HVAC system or by the same kind of HVAC system.
1. Separate thermal blocks shall be assumed for interior and perimeter spaces. Interior spaces shall be those located more than 15 feet (4572 mm) from an exterior wall. Perimeter spaces shall be those located closer than 15 feet (4572 mm) from an exterior wall.
2. Separate thermal blocks shall be assumed for spaces adjacent to glazed exterior walls: a separate zone shall be provided for each orientation, except orientations that differ by no more than 45 degrees (0.79 rad) shall be permitted to be considered to be the same orientation. Each zone shall include floor area that is 15 feet (4572 mm) or less from a glazed perimeter wall, except that floor area within 15 feet (4572 mm) of glazed perimeter walls having more than one orientation shall be divided proportionately between zones.
3. Separate thermal blocks shall be assumed for spaces having floors that are in contact with the ground or exposed to ambient conditions from zones that do not share these features.
4. Separate thermal blocks shall be assumed for spaces having exterior ceiling or roof assemblies from zones that do not share these features.
Construction document notes shall clearly indicate provisions for commissioning and completion requirements in accordance with this section and are permitted to refer to specifications for further requirements. Copies of all documentation shall be given to the owner and made available to the code official upon request in accordance with Sections C408.2.4 and C408.2.5.
Relocated
Exception: Fans with fan motors of 1 hp (0.74 kW) or less.
Relocated
Exceptions:
Exception: Unitary or packaged HVAC equipment listed in Tables C403.2.3(1) through C403.2.3(3) that do not require supply air economizers.
Relocated
Exception: Deferred tests which cannot be performed at the time of report preparation due to climatic conditions.
C408.3 Lighting system functional testing.Controls for automatic lighting systems shall comply with Section C408.3. C408.3.1 Functional testing.
Testing shall ensure that control hardware and software are calibrated, adjusted, programmed and in proper working condition in accordance with the construction documents and manufacturer’s installation instructions. The construction documents shall state the party who will conduct the required functional testing. Where required by the code official, an approved party independent from the design or construction of the project shall be responsible for the functional testing and shall provide documentation to the code official certifying that the installed lighting controls meet the provisions of Section C405 .