ICC user note:
About this chapter: Chapter 37 addresses the sizing of conductors for feeders and branch circuits, specifies the required branch circuits, provides for overcurrent protection of such conductors, specifies limitations for branch circuit loading, and addresses panel board ratings and protection. Design and installation processes move directly from the service to feeders and branch circuits.
This chapter covers branch circuits and feeders and specifies the minimum required branch circuits, the allowable loads and the required overcurrent protection for branch circuits and feeders that serve less than 100 percent of the total dwelling unit load. Feeder circuits that serve 100 percent of the dwelling unit load shall be sized in accordance with the procedures in Chapter 36. [310.12(B)]
Branch-circuit and feeder conductors shall have ampacities not less than the maximum load to be served. Where a branch circuit or a feeder supplies continuous loads or any combination of continuous and noncontinuous loads, the minimum branch-circuit or feeder conductor size shall not be less the larger of Section E3701.2.1 or E3701.2.2 and shall comply with Section E3705.4.
Where a branch circuit or feeder supplies continuous loads or any combination of continuous and noncontinuous loads, the minimum branch-circuit or feeder conductor size shall have an ampacity not less than the noncontinuous load plus 125 percent of the continuous load in accordance with Table E3705.1.
The minimum branch-circuit or feeder conductor size shall have an ampacity not less than the maximum load to be served after the application of any adjustment or correction factors in accordance with Tables E3705.1, E3705.2 and E3705.3. [210.19(A)(1) and 215.2(A)(1)]
Exception: The grounded conductors of feeders that are not connected to an overcurrent device shall be permitted to be sized at 100 percent of the continuous and noncontinuous load. [215.1(A)(1) Exception No. 3]
Where more than one calculated or tabulated ampacity could apply for a given circuit length, the lowest value shall be used. [310.14(A)(2)]
Exception: Where different ampacities apply to portions of a circuit, the higher ampacity shall be permitted to be used where the total portion(s) of the circuit with the lower ampacity does not exceed the lesser of 10 feet (3048 mm) or 10 percent of the total circuit. [310.14(A)(2) Exception]
All conductors for multiwire branch circuits shall originate from the same panelboard or similar distribution equipment. Except where all ungrounded conductors are opened simultaneously by the branch-circuit overcurrent device, multiwire branch circuits shall supply only line-to-neutral loads or only one appliance. [210.4(A) and 210.4(C)]
The ungrounded and grounded circuit conductors of each multiwire branch circuit shall be grouped by wire markers, cable ties or similar means in at least one location within the panelboard or other point of origination. [200.4(B), 210.4(D)]
Exception: Grouping shall not be required where the circuit conductors enter from a cable or raceway unique to the circuit, thereby making the grouping obvious, or where the conductors pass through a box or conduit body without a loop as described in Section E3905.12.2.1 or without a splice or termination. [200.4(B) Exceptions 1 and 2]
The voltage ratings of branch circuits that supply luminaires or receptacles for cord-and-plug-connected loads of up to 1,400 volt-amperes or of less than 1/4 horsepower (0.186 kW) shall be limited to a maximum rating of 120 volts, nominal, between conductors.
Branch circuits that supply cord-and-plug-connected or permanently connected utilization equipment and appliances rated at over 1,440 volt-amperes or 1/4 horsepower (0.186 kW) and greater shall be rated at 120 volts or 240 volts, nominal. [210.6(A), (B), and (C)]
Branch circuits shall be rated in accordance with the maximum allowable ampere rating or setting of the overcurrent protection device. The rating for other than individual branch circuits shall be 15, 20, 30, 40 and 50 amperes. Where conductors of higher ampacity are used, the ampere rating or setting of the specified over-current device shall determine the circuit rating. (210.18)
A 15- or 20-ampere branch circuit shall be permitted to supply lighting units, or other utilization equipment, or a combination of both. The rating of any one cord-and-plug-connected utilization equipment not fastened in place shall not exceed 80 percent of the branch-circuit ampere rating. The total rating of utilization equipment fastened in place, other than luminaires, shall not exceed 50 percent of the branch-circuit ampere rating where lighting units, cord-and-plug-connected utilization equipment not fastened in place, or both, are also supplied. [210.23(A)(1) and (2)]
General-purpose branch circuits shall supply lighting outlets, appliances, equipment or receptacle outlets, and combinations of such. Multioutlet branch circuits serving lighting or receptacles shall be limited to a maximum branch-circuit rating of 20 amperes. [210.23(A), (B), and (C)]
Branch-circuit conductors supplying a single motor shall have an ampacity not less than 125 percent of the motor full-load current rating. [430.22(A)]
For circuits supplying loads consisting of motor-operated utilization equipment that is fastened in place and that has a motor larger than 1/8 horsepower (0.093 kW) in combination with other loads, the total calculated load shall be based on 125 percent of the largest motor load plus the sum of the other loads. [220.18(A)]
For circuits supplying luminaires having ballasts or LED drivers, the calculated load shall be based on the total ampere ratings of such units and not on the total watts of the lamps. [220.18(B)]
It shall be permissible to calculate the branch-circuit load for one range in accordance with Table E3704.2(2). The branch-circuit load for one wall-mounted oven or one counter-mounted cooking unit shall be the nameplate rating of the appliance. The branch-circuit load for a counter-mounted cooking unit and not more than two wall-mounted ovens all supplied from a single branch circuit and located in the same room shall be calculated by adding the nameplate ratings of the individual appliances and treating the total as equivalent to one range. (220.55 Note 4)
Ranges with a rating of 8.75 kVA or more shall be supplied by a branch circuit having a minimum rating of 40 amperes. [210.19(A)(3)]
Branch circuits supplying space heating and water heating equipment shall be sized in accordance with the following:
- The branch circuit conductors and overcurrent protective device supplying fixed storage-type water heaters having a capacity of 120 gallons (450 L) or less shall be sized not less than 125 percent of the water heater rating. [422.13]
- The branch circuit conductors supplying electric space-heating equipment and any associated motors shall be sized not less than 125 percent of the equipment load. Branch circuits supplying two or more outlets for fixed electric space-heating equipment shall be rated not over 30 amperes. [424.3(A) & (B)]
A room air conditioner shall be considered as a single motor unit in determining its branch-circuit requirements where all the following conditions are met:
- It is cord- and attachment plug-connected.
- The rating is not more than 40 amperes and 250 volts; single phase.
- Total rated-load current is shown on the room air-conditioner nameplate rather than individual motor currents.
- The rating of the branch-circuit short-circuit and ground-fault protective device does not exceed the ampacity of the branch-circuit conductors, or the rating of the branch-circuit conductors, or the rating of the receptacle, whichever is less. [440.62(A)]
The total marked rating of a cord- and attachment plug-connected room air conditioner shall not exceed 80 percent of the rating of a branch circuit where no other appliances are also supplied. [440.62(B)]
The total marked rating of a cord- and attachment plug-connected room air conditioner shall not exceed 50 percent of the rating of a branch circuit where lighting or other appliances are also supplied. Where the circuitry is interlocked to prevent simultaneous operation of the room air conditioner and energization of other outlets on the same branch circuit, a cord- and attachment plug-connected room air conditioner shall not exceed 80 percent of the branch-circuit rating. [440.62(C)]
Outlets installed for the purpose of charging electric vehicles shall be supplied by an individual branch circuit. Each circuit shall not supply other outlets. Electric vehicle charging loads shall be considered to be continuous loads. [625.40 and 625.42]
The requirements for circuits having two or more outlets, or receptacles, other than the receptacle circuits of Sections E3703.2, E3703.3 and E3703.4, are summarized in Table E3702.14. Branch circuits in dwelling units shall supply only loads within that dwelling unit or loads associated only with that dwelling unit. Branch circuits installed for the purpose of lighting, central alarm, signal, communications or other purposes for public or common areas of a two-family dwelling shall not be supplied from equipment that supplies an individual dwelling unit. (210.24 and 210.25)
TABLE E3702.14 (Table 210.24)
| CIRCUIT RATING | |||
| 15 amp | 20 amp | 30 amp | |
| Conductors: |
14
|
12
|
10
|
|
Minimum size (AWG) circuit conductors
|
|||
| Maximum overcurrent-protection device rating |
15
|
20
|
30
|
|
Ampere rating
|
|||
| Outlet devices: | |||
|
Lampholders permitted
|
Any type
|
Any type
|
NA
|
|
Receptacle rating (amperes)
|
15 maximum
|
15 or 20
|
30
|
| Maximum load (amperes) | 15 | 20 | 30 |
- These gages are for copper conductors.
- NA = Not Allowed.
Central heating equipment other than fixed electric space heating shall be supplied by an individual branch circuit. Permanently connected air-conditioning equipment, and auxiliary equipment directly associated with the central heating equipment such as pumps, motorized valves, humidifiers and electrostatic air cleaners, shall not be prohibited from connecting to the same branch circuit as the central heating equipment. (422.12 and 422.12 Exceptions No. 1 and No. 2)
A minimum of two 20-ampere-rated branch circuits shall be provided for all receptacle outlets specified by Section E3901.3. [210.11(C)(1)]
Exception:
Additional receptacle outlets for specific appliances shall be permitted to be supplied from an individual branch circuit rated 15 amperes or greater. [210.52(B)(1) Exception No. 2]
A minimum of one 20-ampere-rated branch circuit shall be provided for receptacle outlets required by Section E3901.8 and shall serve only receptacle outlets located in the laundry area. [210.11(C)(2)]
A minimum of one 20-ampere branch circuit shall be provided to supply bathroom receptacle outlet(s) required by Section E3901.6 and any countertop or similar work surface receptacle outlets. Such circuits shall have no other outlets. [210.11(C)(3)]
Exception: Where the 20-ampere circuit supplies a single bathroom, outlets for other equipment within the same bathroom shall be permitted to be supplied in accordance with Section E3702. [210.11(C)(3) Exception]
In addition to the number of branch circuits required by other parts of this section, not less than one 120-volt, 20-ampere branch circuit shall be installed to supply receptacle outlets required by Section E3901.9 in attached garages and in detached garages with electric power. This circuit shall not have other outlets.
Exception:
This circuit shall be permitted to supply readily accessible outdoor receptacle outlets.
The minimum number of branch circuits shall be determined from the total calculated load and the size or rating of the circuits used. The number of circuits shall be sufficient to supply the load served. In no case shall the load on any circuit exceed the maximum specified by Section E3702. [210.11(A)]
Where the branch-circuit load is calculated on a volt-amperes-per-square-foot (m2) basis, the wiring system, up to and including the branch-circuit panelboard(s), shall have the capacity to serve not less than the calculated load. This load shall be evenly proportioned among multioutlet branch circuits within the panelboard(s). Branch-circuit overcurrent devices and circuits shall only be required to be installed to serve the connected load. [210.11(B)]
Feeder conductors that do not serve 100 percent of the dwelling unit load and branch-circuit conductors shall be of a size sufficient to carry the load as determined by this chapter. Feeder conductors shall not be required to be larger than the service-entrance conductors that supply the dwelling unit. The load for feeder conductors that serve as the main power feeder to a dwelling unit shall be determined as specified in Chapter 36 for services. [310.12(B) & (C)]
The minimum load in volt-amperes shall be calculated in accordance with the load calculation procedure prescribed in Table E3704.2(1). The associated table demand factors shall be applied to the actual load to determine the minimum load for feeders. (220.40)
TABLE E3704.2(1)
[220.14(J), Table 220.42, 220.50, 220.51, 220.52, 220.53, 220.54, 220.55, and 220.60] FEEDER LOAD CALCULATION| LOAD CALCULATION PROCEDURE | APPLIED DEMAND FACTOR |
| Lighting and receptacles: A unit load of not less than 3 VA per square foot of total floor area shall constitute the lighting and 120-volt, 15- and 20-ampere general use receptacle load. 1,500 VA shall be added for each 20-ampere branch circuit serving receptacles in the kitchen, dining room, pantry, breakfast area and laundry area. | 100 percent of first 3,000 VA or less and 35 percent of that in excess of 3,000 VA. |
| Plus | |
| Appliances and motors: The nameplate rating load of all fastened-in-place appliances 1/4 horsepower or greater, or 500 watts or greater, that are fastened in place, other than dryers, ranges, air-conditioning and space-heating equipment. | 100 percent of load for three or less appliances. 75 percent of load for four or more appliances. |
| Plus | |
| Fixed motors: Full-load current of motors plus 25 percent of the full load current of the largest motor. | |
| Plus | |
| Electric clothes dryer: The dryer load shall be 5,000 VA for each dryer circuit or the nameplate rating load of each dryer, whichever is greater. | |
| Plus | |
| Cooking appliances: The nameplate rating of ranges, wall-mounted ovens, counter-mounted cooking units and other cooking appliances rated in excess of 1.75 kVA shall be summed. | Demand factors shall be as allowed by Table E3704.2(2). |
| Plus the largest of either the heating or cooling load | |
Largest of the following two selections:
|
|
For SI: 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2.
TABLE E3704.2(2) (220.55 and Table 220.55)
| NUMBER OF APPLIANCES | MAXIMUM DEMANDb, c | DEMAND FACTORS (percent)d | |
| Column A maximum 12 kVA rating | Column B less than 31/2 kVA rating | Column C 31/2 to 83/4 kVA rating | |
| 1 | 8 kVA | 80 | 80 |
| 2 | 11 kVA | 75 | 65 |
- Column A shall be used in all cases except as provided for in Footnote d.
- For ranges all having the same rating and individually rated more than 12 kVA but not more than 27 kVA, the maximum demand in Column A shall be increased 5 percent for each additional kVA of rating or major fraction thereof by which the rating of individual ranges exceeds 12 kVA.
- For ranges of unequal ratings and individually rated more than 8.75 kVA, but none exceeding 27 kVA, an average value of rating shall be computed by adding together the ratings of all ranges to obtain the total connected load (using 12 kVA for any ranges rated less than 12 kVA) and dividing by the total number of ranges; and then the maximum demand in Column A shall be increased 5 percent for each kVA or major fraction thereof by which this average value exceeds 12 kVA.
- Over 1.75 kVA through 8.75 kVA. As an alternative to the method provided in Column A, the nameplate ratings of all ranges rated more than 1.75 kVA but not more than 8.75 kVA shall be added and the sum shall be multiplied by the demand factor specified in Column B or C for the given number of appliances.
The feeder neutral load shall be the maximum unbalance of the load determined in accordance with this chapter. The maximum unbalanced load shall be the maximum net calculated load between the neutral and any one ungrounded conductor. For a feeder or service supplying electric ranges, wall-mounted ovens, counter-mounted cooking units and electric dryers, the maximum unbalanced load shall be considered as 70 percent of the load on the ungrounded conductors. [220.61(A) and (B)]
A unit load of not less than 3 volt-amperes shall constitute the minimum lighting and general use receptacle load for each square foot of floor area (33 VA for each square meter of floor area). The floor area for each floor shall be calculated from the outside dimensions of the building. The calculated floor area shall not include open porches, garages, or unused or unfinished spaces not adaptable for future use. [220.11 and 220.14(J)]
The calculated load of a feeder shall be not less than the sum of the loads on the branch circuits supplied, as determined by Section E3704, after any applicable demand factors permitted by Section E3704 have been applied. (220.40)
Where a feeder supplies branch circuits in which equipment grounding conductors are required, the feeder shall include or provide an equipment grounding conductor that is one or more or a combination of the types specified in Section E3908.9, to which the equipment grounding conductors of the branch circuits shall be connected. Where the feeder supplies a separate building or structure, the requirements of Section E3607.3.1 shall apply. (215.6)
Ampacities for conductors shall be determined based in accordance with Table E3705.1 and Sections E3705.2 and E3705.3. [310.14(A)]
TABLE E3705.1
ALLOWABLE AMPACITIES
| CONDUCTOR SIZE | CONDUCTOR TEMPERATURE RATING | CONDUCTOR SIZE | |||||
| 60°C | 75°C | 90°C | 60°C | 75°C | 90°C | ||
| AWG kcmil | Types TW, UF | Types RHW, THHW, THW, THWN, USE, XHHW | Types RHW-2, THHN, THHW, THW-2, THWN-2, XHHW, XHHW-2, USE-2 | Types TW, UF | Types RHW, THHW, THW, THWN, USE, XHHW | Types RHW-2, THHN, THHW, THW-2, THWN-2, XHHW, XHHW-2, USE-2 | AWG kcmil |
| Copper | Aluminum or copper-clad aluminum | ||||||
| 14a | 15 | 20 | 25 | — | — | — | — |
| 12a | 20 | 25 | 30 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 12a |
| 10a | 30 | 35 | 40 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 10a |
| 8 | 40 | 50 | 55 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 8 |
| 6 | 55 | 65 | 75 | 40 | 50 | 55 | 6 |
| 4 | 70 | 85 | 95 | 55 | 65 | 75 | 4 |
| 3 | 85 | 100 | 115 | 65 | 75 | 85 | 3 |
| 2 | 95 | 115 | 130 | 75 | 90 | 100 | 2 |
| 1 | 110 | 130 | 145 | 85 | 100 | 115 | 1 |
| 1/0 | 125 | 150 | 170 | 100 | 120 | 135 | 1/0 |
| 2/0 | 145 | 175 | 195 | 115 | 135 | 150 | 2/0 |
| 3/0 | 165 | 200 | 225 | 130 | 155 | 175 | 3/0 |
| 4/0 | 195 | 230 | 260 | 150 | 180 | 205 | 4/0 |
| 250 | 215 | 255 | 290 | 170 | 205 | 230 | 250 |
| 300 | 240 | 285 | 320 | 195 | 230 | 260 | 300 |
| 350 | 260 | 310 | 350 | 210 | 250 | 280 | 350 |
| 400 | 280 | 335 | 380 | 225 | 270 | 305 | 400 |
| 500 | 320 | 380 | 430 | 260 | 310 | 350 | 500 |
| 600 | 350 | 420 | 475 | 285 | 340 | 385 | 600 |
| 700 | 385 | 460 | 520 | 315 | 375 | 425 | 700 |
| 750 | 400 | 475 | 535 | 320 | 385 | 435 | 750 |
| 800 | 410 | 490 | 555 | 330 | 395 | 445 | 800 |
| 900 | 435 | 520 | 585 | 355 | 425 | 480 | 900 |
For SI: °C = [(°F) — 32]/1.8.
- See Table E3705.5.3 for conductor overcurrent protection limitations.
For ambient temperatures other than 30°C (86°F), multiply the allowable ampacities specified in Table E3705.1 by the appropriate correction factor shown in Table E3705.2. [310.15(B)(1)]
TABLE E3705.2 [310.15(B)(1)]
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS| For ambient temperatures other than 30°C (86°F), multiply the allowable ampacities specified in the ampacity tables by the appropriate correction factor shown below. | ||||
| Ambient Temperature (°C) | Temperature Rating of Conductor | Ambient Temperature (°F) | ||
| 60°C | 75°C | 90°C | ||
|
10 or less
|
1.29 | 1.20 | 1.15 | 50 or less |
|
11—15
|
1.22 | 1.15 | 1.12 | 51—59 |
|
16—20
|
1.15 | 1.11 | 1.08 | 60—68 |
|
21—25
|
1.08 | 1.05 | 1.04 | 69—77 |
|
26—30
|
1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 78—86 |
|
31—35
|
0.91 | 0.94 | 0.96 | 87—95 |
|
36—40
|
0.82 | 0.88 | 0.91 | 96—104 |
|
41—45
|
0.71 | 0.82 | 0.87 | 105—113 |
|
46—50
|
0.58 | 0.75 | 0.82 | 114—122 |
|
51—55
|
0.41 | 0.67 | 0.76 | 123—131 |
|
56—60
|
— | 0.58 | 0.71 | 132—140 |
|
61—65
|
— | 0.47 | 0.65 | 141—149 |
|
66—70
|
— | 0.33 | 0.58 | 150—158 |
|
71—75
|
— | — | 0.50 | 159—167 |
|
76—80
|
— | — | 0.41 | 168—176 |
|
81—85
|
— | — | 0.29 | 177—185 |
For SI: °C = [(°F) — 32]/1.8.
Where the number of current-carrying conductors in a raceway or cable exceeds three, or where single conductors or multiconductor cables are stacked or bundled for distances greater than 24 inches (610 mm) without maintaining spacing and are not installed in raceways, the allowable ampacity of each conductor shall be reduced as shown in Table E3705.3. [310.15(C)(1)]
Exceptions:
- Adjustment factors shall not apply to conductors in raceways having a length not exceeding 24 inches (610 mm). [310.15(C)(1)(b)]
- Adjustment factors shall not apply to underground conductors entering or leaving an outdoor trench if those conductors have physical protection in the form of rigid metal conduit, intermediate metal conduit, or rigid nonmetallic conduit having a length not exceeding 10 feet (3048 mm) and the number of conductors does not exceed four. [310.15(C)(1)(c)]
- Adjustment factors shall not apply to type AC cable or to type MC cable without an overall outer jacket meeting all of the following conditions:
- Each cable has not more than three current-carrying conductors.
- The conductors are 12 AWG copper.
- Not more than 20 current-carrying conductors are bundled, stacked or supported on bridle rings. [310.15(C)(1)(d)]
- An adjustment factor of 60 percent shall be applied to Type AC cable and Type MC cable where all of the following conditions apply:
- The cables do not have an overall outer jacket.
- The number of current-carrying conductors exceeds 20.
- The cables are stacked or bundled longer than 24 inches (607 mm) without spacing being maintained. [310.15(B)(3)(4) Exception]
TABLE E3705.3 [310.15(C)(1)]
CONDUCTOR PROXIMITY ADJUSTMENT FACTORS| NUMBER OF CURRENT-CARRYING CONDUCTORS IN CABLE OR RACEWAY | PERCENT OF VALUES IN TABLE E3705.1 |
|
4—6
|
80 |
|
7—9
|
70 |
|
10—20
|
50 |
|
21—30
|
45 |
|
31—40
|
40 |
|
41 and above
|
35 |
The temperature rating associated with the ampacity of a conductor shall be so selected and coordinated to not exceed the lowest temperature rating of any connected termination, conductor or device. Conductors with temperature ratings higher than specified for terminations shall be permitted to be used for ampacity adjustment, correction, or both. Except where the equipment is marked otherwise, conductor ampacities used in determining equipment termination provisions shall be based on Table E3705.1. [110.14(C)]
Except where the equipment is marked otherwise, termination provisions of equipment for circuits rated 100 amperes or less, or marked for 14 AWG through 1 AWG conductors, shall be used only for one of the following:
- Conductors rated 60°C (140°F);
- Conductors with higher temperature ratings, provided that the ampacity of such conductors is determined based on the 60°C (140°F) ampacity of the conductor size used;
- Conductors with higher temperature ratings where the equipment is listed and identified for use with such conductors; or
- For motors marked with design letters B, C, or D conductors having an insulation rating of 75°C (167°F) or higher shall be permitted to be used provided that the ampacity of such conductors does not exceed the 75°C (167°F) ampacity. [110.14(C)(1)(a)]
Termination provisions of equipment for circuits rated over 100 amperes, or marked for conductors larger than 1 AWG, shall be used only for:
- Conductors rated 75°C (167°F).
- Conductors with higher temperature ratings provided that the ampacity of such conductors does not exceed the 75°C (167°F) ampacity of the conductor size used, or provided that the equipment is listed and identified for use with such conductors. [110.14(C)(1)(b)]
Separately installed pressure connectors shall be used with conductors at the ampacities not exceeding the ampacity at the listed and identified temperature rating of the connector. [110.14(C)(2)]
Conductors in NM cable assemblies shall be rated at 90°C (194°F). Types NM and NMC cable identified by the markings NM-B and NMC-B meet this requirement. The allowable ampacity of Types NM and NMC cable shall not exceed that of 60°C (140°F) rated conductors and shall comply with Section E3705.1 and Table E3705.5.3. The 90°C (194°F) rating shall be permitted to be used for ampacity adjustment and calculations provided that the final corrected or adjusted ampacity does not exceed that for a 60°C (140°F) rated conductor. Where more than two NM cables containing two or more current-carrying conductors are installed, without maintaining spacing between the cables, through the same opening in wood framing that is to be sealed with thermal insulation, caulk or sealing foam, the allowable ampacity of each conductor shall be adjusted in accordance with Table E3705.3 and the provisions of Section E3701.3, Exception, shall not apply. Where more than two NM cables containing two or more current-carrying conductors are installed in contact with thermal insulation without maintaining spacing between cables, the allowable ampacity of each conductor shall be adjusted in accordance with Table E3705.3. (334.80 and 334.112)
Where used as a branch circuit or feeder wiring method within the interior of a building and installed in thermal insulation, the ampacity of the conductors in Type SE cable assemblies with ungrounded conductor sizes 10 AWG and smaller shall be in accordance with the 60°C (140°F) conductor temperature rating. The maximum conductor temperature rating shall be permitted to be used for ampacity adjustment and correction purposes, provided that the final derated ampacity does not exceed that for a 60°C (140°F) rated conductor. [338.10(B)(4)(a)]
All ungrounded branch-circuit and feeder conductors shall be protected against overcurrent by an overcurrent device installed at the point where the conductors receive their supply. Overcurrent devices shall not be connected in series with a grounded conductor. Overcurrent protection and allowable loads for branch circuits and for feeders that do not supply the entire load associated with a one-family dwelling or the entire load associated with an individual dwelling unit in a two-family dwelling shall be in accordance with this chapter.
Branch-circuit conductors and equipment shall be protected by overcurrent protective devices having a rating or setting not exceeding the allowable ampacity specified in Table E3705.1 and Sections E3705.2, E3705.3 and E3705.4 except where otherwise permitted or required in Sections E3705.5.1 through E3705.5.3. [240.4, 240.21, and 310.12(B)]
Cords shall be protected in accordance with Section E3909.2. [240.5(B)]
The next higher standard overcurrent device rating, above the ampacity of the conductors being protected, shall be permitted to be used, provided that all of the following conditions are met:
- The conductors being protected are not part of a branch circuit supplying more than one receptacle for cord- and plug-connected portable loads.
- The ampacity of conductors does not correspond with the standard ampere rating of a fuse or a circuit breaker without overload trip adjustments above its rating (but that shall be permitted to have other trip or rating adjustments).
- The next higher standard device rating does not exceed 400 amperes. [240.4(B)]
Except as specifically permitted by Section E3705.5.4, the rating of overcurrent protection devices shall not exceed the ratings shown in Table E3705.5.3 for the conductors specified therein. [240.4(D)]
TABLE E3705.5.3 [240.4(D)]
OVERCURRENT-PROTECTION RATING
| COPPER | ALUMINUM OR COPPER-CLAD ALUMINUM | ||
| Size (AWG) | Maximum overcurrent-protection-device ratinga (amps) | Size (AWG) | Maximum overcurrent-protection-device ratinga (amps) |
| 14 | 15 | 12 | 15 |
| 12 | 20 | 10 | 25 |
| 10 | 30 | 8 | 30 |
Air-conditioning and heat pump equipment circuit conductors shall be permitted to be protected against overcurrent in accordance with Section E3702.11. [240.4(G)]
The standard ampere ratings for fuses and inverse time circuit breakers shall be considered to be as shown in Table E3705.6. (240.6)
TABLE E3705.6 (Table 240.6)
STANDARD AMPERE RATING FOR FUSES AND INVERSE TIME CIRCUIT BREAKERS
| STANDARD AMPERE RATINGS | ||||
| 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 |
| 40 | 45 | 50 | 60 | 70 |
| 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 125 |
| 150 | 175 | 200 | 225 | 250 |
| 300 | 350 | 400 | — | — |
Circuit breakers and switches containing fuses shall:
- Be readily accessible. [240.24(A)]
- Not be located where they will be exposed to physical damage. [240.24(C)]
- Not be located where they will be in the vicinity of easily ignitable material such as in clothes closets. [240.24(D)]
- Not be located in bathrooms. [240.24(E)]
- Not be located over steps of a stairway. [240.24(F)]
- Be installed so that the center of the grip of the operating handle of the switch or circuit breaker, when in its highest position, is not more than 6 feet 7 inches (2007 mm) above the floor or working platform. [240.24(A)]
Each occupant shall have ready access to all overcurrent devices protecting the conductors supplying that occupancy. [240.24(B)]
Overcurrent devices shall be enclosed in cabinets, cutout boxes, or equipment assemblies. The operating handle of a circuit breaker shall be permitted to be accessible without opening a door or cover. [240.30(A) and (B)]
All panelboards shall have a rating not less than that of the minimum service or feeder capacity required for the calculated load. (408.30)
All circuits and circuit modifications shall be legibly identified as to their clear, evident, and specific purpose or use. The identification shall include an approved degree of detail that allows each circuit to be distinguished from all others. Spare positions that contain unused overcurrent devices or switches shall be described accordingly. The identification shall be included in a circuit directory located on the face, inside of or in an approved location adjacent to the panel door. Circuits shall not be described in a manner that depends on transient conditions of occupancy. [408.4(A)]
In addition to the requirement of Section E3706.1, a panelboard shall be protected by an overcurrent protective device having a rating not greater than that of the panelboard. Such overcurrent protective device shall be located within or at any point on the supply side of the panelboard. (408.36)
Each grounded conductor shall terminate within the panelboard on an individual terminal that is not also used for another conductor, except that grounded conductors of circuits with parallel conductors shall be permitted to terminate on a single terminal where the terminal is identified for connection of more than one conductor. (408.41 and 408.41 Exception)
Plug-in-type overcurrent protection devices or plug-in-type main lug assemblies that are back-fed and used to terminate field-installed ungrounded supply conductors shall be secured in place by an additional fastener that requires other than a pull to release the device from the mounting means on the panel. [408.36(D)]