Plumbing fixtures shall be provided for the type of occupancy and in the minimum number shown in Table 2902.1. Types of occupancies not shown in Table 2902.1 shall be considered individually by the building official. The number of occupants shall be determined by this code. Occupancy classification shall be determined in accordance with Chapter 3. When the actual occupant load will be significantly different than that determined by Section 1004 of the building code, the building official may establish an alternate basis for determining the occupant load. This alternate basis shall be included in the special stipulations and conditions section of the certificate of occupancy issued for that structure pursuant to Section 110. For accessibility requirements, see “Chapter 11, Accessibility” of this code.
Exception: Facilities are not required in buildings less than 100 square feet in area if fixtures are available within 500 feet of the building.
TABLE 2902.1
MINIMUM NUMBER OF REQUIRED PLUMBING FIXTURESa (See Sections 2902.2 and 2902.3)
| No. | CLASSIFICATION | OCCUPANCY | DESCRIPTION | WATER CLOSETS (URINALS)h | LAVATORIES | BATHTUBS/ SHOWERS | DRINKING FOUNTAINSe, f (SEE SECTION 410.1 OF THE PLUMBING CODE) | OTHER | ||
| MALE | FEMALE | MALE | FEMALE | |||||||
| 1 | Assembly | A-1d | Theaters and other buildings for the performing arts and motion pictures | 1 per 125 | 1 per 65 | 1 per 200 | — | 1 per 500 | 1 service sink | |
| A-2d | Nightclubs, bars, taverns, dance halls and buildings for similar purposes | 1 per 40 | 1 per 40 | 1 per 75 | — | 1 per 500 | 1 service sink | |||
| Casinos | 1:1-100 | 3:1-50 | 1:1-200 | — | — | 1 service sink | ||||
| — | 4:51-100 | 2:201-400 | ||||||||
| 2:101-200 | 6:101-200 | 3:401-750 | ||||||||
| 3:201-400 | 8:201-400 | Over 750, add one fixture for each additional 500 persons | ||||||||
| Over 400, add one fixture each additional 250 males, and one for each 150 females | ||||||||||
| Restaurants, banquet halls and food courts | 1 per 75 | 1 per 75 | 1 per 200 | — | 1 per 500 | 1 service sink | ||||
| A-3d | Auditoriums without permanent seating, art galleries, exhibition halls, museums, lecture halls, libraries, arcades and gymnasiums | 1 per 125 | 1 per 65 | 1 per 200 | — | 1 per 500 | 1 service sink | |||
| Passenger terminals and transportation facilities | 1 per 500 | 1 per 500 | 1 per 750 | — | 1 per 1,000 | 1 service sink | ||||
| Places of worship and other religious services | 1 per 150 | 1 per 75 | 1 per 200 | — | 1 per 1,000 | 1 service sink | ||||
| A-4 | Coliseums, arenas, skating rinks, pools and tennis courts for indoor sporting events and activities | 1 per 75 for the first 1,500 and 1 per 120 for the remainder exceeding 1,500 | 1 per 40 for the first 1,520 and 1 per 60 for the remainder exceeding 1,520 | 1 per 200 | 1 per 150 | — | 1 per 1,000 | 1 service sink | ||
| A-5 | Stadiums, amusement parks, bleachers and grandstands for outdoor sporting events and activities | 1 per 75 for the first 1,500 and 1 per 120 for the remainder exceeding 1,500 | 1 per 40 for the first 1,520 and 1 per 60 for the remainder exceeding 1,520 | 1 per 200 | 1 per 150 | — | 1 per 1,000 | 1 service sink | ||
| 2 | Business | B | Buildings for the transaction of business, professional services, other services involving merchandise, office buildings, banks, light industrial and similar uses | 1 per 50 | 1 per 80 | — | 1 per 100 | 1 service sinki | ||
| 3 | Educational | E | Educational facilities | 1 per 50 | 1 per 50 | — | 1 per 100 | 1 service sink | ||
| 4 | Factory and industrial | F-1 and F-2 | Structures in which occupants are engaged in work fabricating, assembly or processing of products or materials | 1 per 100 | 1 per 100 | See Section 411 of the plumbing code | 1 per 400 | 1 service sink | ||
| 5 | Institutional | I-1 | Residential care | 1 per 10 | 1 per 10 | 1 per 8 | 1 per 100 | 1 service sink | ||
| I-2 | Hospitals, ambulatory nursing home patientsb | 1 per per roomc | 1 per per roomc | 1 per 15 | 1 per 100 | 1 service sink | ||||
| Employees, other than residential careb | 1 per 25 | 1 per 35 | — | 1 per 100 | — | |||||
| Visitors, other than residential care | 1 per 75 | 1 per 100 | — | 1 per 500 | — | |||||
| I-3 | Prisonsb | 1 per cell | 1 per cell | 1 per 15 | 1 per 100 | 1 service sink | ||||
| I-3 | Reformatories, detention centers and correctional centersb | 1 per 15 | 1 per 15 | 1 per 15 | 1 per 100 | 1 service sink | ||||
| Employeesb | 1 per 25 | 1 per 35 | — | 1 per 100 | — | |||||
| I-4 | Adult day care and child care | 1 per 15 | 1 per 15 | 1 | 1 per 100 | 1 service sink | ||||
| 6 | Mercantileg | M | Retail stores, service stations, shops, salesrooms, markets and shopping centers | 1 per 500 | 1 per 750 | — | 1 per 1,000 | 1 servicei sink | ||
| 7 | Residential | R-1 | Hotels, motels, boarding houses (transient) | 1 per sleeping unit | 1 per sleeping unit | 1 per sleeping unit | — | 1 service sink | ||
| R-2 | Dormitories, fraternities, sororities and boarding houses (not transient) | 1 per 10 | 1 per 10 | 1 per 8 | 1 per 100 | 1 service sink | ||||
| R-2 | Apartment house | 1 per dwelling unit | 1 per dwelling unit | 1 per dwelling unit | — | 1 kitchen sink per unit; 1 automatic clothes washer connection per 20 units | ||||
| R-3 | Multiple single family dwellings | 1 per dwelling unit | 1 per dwelling unit | 1 per | — | 1 kitchen sink per dwelling unit; 1 automatic clothes washer connection per dwelling unit | ||||
| R-4 | Congregate living facilities with 16 or fewer persons and other R-3 occupancies | 1 per 10 | 1 per 10 | 1 per 8 | 1 per 100 | 1 service sink | ||||
| 8 | Storage | S-1 S-2 | Structures for the storage of goods, warehouses, storehouses and freight depots, low and moderate hazard | 1 per 100 | 1 per 100 | See Section 411 of the plumbing code | 1 per 1,000 | 1 service sink | ||
- The fixtures shown are based on one fixture being the minimum required for the number of persons indicated or any fraction of the number of persons indicated. The number of occupants shall be determined by this code.
- Toilet facilities for employees shall be separate from facilities for inmates or patients.
- A single-occupant toilet room with one water closet and one lavatory serving not more than two adjacent patient sleeping units shall be permitted where such room is provided with direct access from each patient sleeping unit and with provisions for privacy.
- The occupant load for seasonal outdoor seating and entertainment areas shall be included when determining the minimum number of facilities required.
- The minimum number of required drinking fountains shall comply with Table 2902.1 and Chapter 11.
- Drinking fountains are not required for an occupant load of 15 or fewer.
- Mercantile occupancies are not required to provide public facilities when the occupant load is 50 or less.
- In each bathroom or toilet room, urinals shall not be substituted for more than 67 percent of the required water closets in assembly and educational occupancies. Urinals shall not be substituted for more than 50 percent of the required water closets in all other occupancies.
- For business and mercantile occupancies with an occupant load of 15 or fewer, service sinks shall not be required.
To determine the occupant load of each sex, the total occupant load shall be divided in half. To determine the required number of fixtures, the fixture ratio or ratios for each fixture type shall be applied to the occupant load of each sex in accordance with Table 2902.1. Fractional numbers resulting from applying the fixture ratios of Table 2902.1 shall be rounded up to the next whole number. For calculations involving multiple occupancies, such fractional numbers for each occupancy shall first be summed and then rounded up to the next whole number.
Exception: The total occupant load shall not be required to be divided in half where approved statistical data indicate a distribution of the sexes of other than 50 percent of each sex.
Where plumbing fixtures are required, separate facilities shall be provided for each sex.
Exceptions:
- Separate facilities shall not be required for dwelling units and sleeping units.
- Separate facilities shall not be required in structures or tenant spaces with a total occupant load, including both employees and customers, of 15 or fewer.
- Separate facilities shall not be required in mercantile occupancies in which the maximum occupant load is 100 or fewer.
In occupancies other than covered mall buildings, the required public and employee toilet facilities shall be located not more than one story above or below the space required to be provided with toilet facilities and the path of travel to such facilities shall not exceed a distance of 500 feet (152 400 mm).
Exception: The location and maximum travel distances to required employee facilities in factory and industrial occupancies are permitted to exceed that required by this section, provided that the location and maximum travel distance are approved.
Each water closet utilized by the public or employees shall occupy a separate compartment with walls or partitions and a door enclosing the fixtures to ensure privacy.
Exceptions:
- Water closet compartments shall not be required in a single-occupant toilet room with a lockable door or in a family or assisted use toilet room.
- Toilet rooms located in day care and child care facilities and containing two or more water closets shall be permitted to have one water closet without an enclosing compartment.
- This provision is not applicable to toilet areas located within Group I-3 housing areas.
Interior finish surfaces of toilet rooms shall comply with Section 1210.
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.
FIGURE 2903.3.1
FIXTURE CLEARANCES
Toilet rooms shall not open directly into a room used for the preparation of food for service to the public.
A water closet, urinal, lavatory or bidet shall not be set closer than 15 inches (381 mm) from its center to any side wall, partition, vanity or other obstruction, or closer than 30 inches (762 mm) center-to-center between adjacent fixtures. There shall be not less than a 21-inch (533 mm) clearance in front of the water closet, urinal, lavatory or bidet to any wall, fixture or door. Water closet compartments shall be not less than 30 inches (762 mm) in width and not less than 60 inches (1524 mm) in depth for floor-mounted water closets and not less than 30 inches (762 mm) in width and 56 inches (1422 mm) in depth for wall-hung water closets.
Figure 2904.3.1. Deleted.
Floor flanges for water closets or similar fixtures shall not be less than 0.125 inch (3.2 mm) thick for brass, 0.25 inch (6.4 mm) thick for plastic, and 0.25 inch (6.4 mm) thick and not less than a 2-inch (51 mm) caulking depth for cast-iron or galvanized malleable iron.
Floor flanges of hard lead shall weigh not less than 1 pound, 9 ounces (0.7 kg) and shall be composed of lead alloy with not less than 7.75-percent antimony by weight. Closet screws and bolts shall be of brass. Flanges shall be secured to the building structure with corrosion-resistant screws or bolts.
The overflow from any fixture shall discharge into the drainage system on the inlet or fixture side of the trap.
Exception: The overflow from a flush tank serving a water closet or urinal shall discharge into the fixture served.