This chapter shall govern the storage, handling and use of flammable and combustible liquids, including the dispensing and mixing of such liquids, including flammable and combustible liquids subject to the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation regulations, as set forth in 6 NYCRR Parts 596 through 613.
Exceptions: This chapter shall not apply to:
- Medicines, foodstuffs, cosmetics, and commercial, institutional and industrial products in the same concentration and packaging containing not more than 50 percent by volume of water-miscible liquids and with the remainder of the solution not being flammable, and alcoholic beverages in retail or wholesale sales or storage uses when packaged in individual containers not exceeding 1.3 gallons (5 L).
- Installation of fuel oil storage tanks and auxiliary storage tanks for oil-burning equipment, except that this chapter shall apply with respect to permit requirements and requirements relating to out-of-service fuel oil tanks.
- Refrigerant liquids and oils in refrigerating systems (see FC606).
- Storage and display of aerosol products complying with the requirements of FC Chapter 51.
- Storage and use of liquids that have no fire point when tested in accordance with ASTM D 92.
- Liquids with a flash point greater than 95°F (35°C) in a water-miscible solution or dispersion with a water and inert (noncombustible) solids content of more than 80 percent by weight, which do not sustain combustion.
- Liquids without flash points that can be flammable under some conditions, such as certain halogenated hydrocarbons and mixtures containing halogenated hydrocarbons.
- The storage of wines in wooden barrels and casks.
- The manufacturing, storage, handling and use of distilled spirits in distilleries in accordance with FC Chapter 40.
- Commercial cooking oil storage systems in accordance with FC610.
Reserved.
The commissioner may require design and installation documents, specifications and calculations in connection with the installation, alteration or repair of tanks and related devices, equipment and systems pursuant to this chapter, including fire protection systems.
Flammable and combustible liquids shall be classified in accordance with the definitions in 5702.1.
Manufacture, storage, handling and use of flammable and combustible liquids, including the dispensing of such liquids, shall be supervised as set forth in FC 5701.6.1 through 5701.6.3.
The manufacture of flammable and combustible liquids shall be under the personal supervision of a certificate of fitness holder.
The storage of flammable liquids, and combustible liquids with a flash point of 300°F (149°C) or less, shall be under the general supervision of a certificate of fitness holder when the quantity of such stored liquids exceeds the following amounts:
- 275 gallons (1041 L) in a closed system;
- 275 gallons (1041 L) of alcohol-based hand rubs in consumer-product (non-bulk) packaging, including sealed refills for hand dispensers, when stored for use on the premises (excluding dispensers installed or placed for use);
- 20 gallons (76 L) of combustible liquid in portable containers;
- 10 gallons (38 L) of flammable liquid in portable containers, except alcohol-based hand rubs subject to FC5701.6.2(2) and gasoline; or
- 21/2 gallons (9.5 L) of gasoline.
The handling and use of flammable liquids, and combustible liquids with a flash point of 300°F (149°C) or less, shall be under the personal supervision of a certificate of fitness holder when the quantity of such handled and used liquids exceeds the amounts set forth in FC5701.6.2, except for alcohol-based hand rubs subject to subject to FC5701.6.2(2).
Fleet fueling operations shall be personally conducted by a cargo tank operator holding a certificate of fitness for that purpose. The certificate of fitness holder shall be responsible for ensuring that fleet fueling operations are conducted in accordance with this section.
It shall be unlawful to:
- Manufacture, refine or distill petroleum or coal tar, or the liquid products thereof.
- Operate a refinery.
- Install an aboveground flammable liquid storage tank indoors.
- Store or transport in the harbor or the city any flammable or combustible liquid, except in a barge, marine vessel, or watercraft constructed, protected and operated in accordance with the regulations of the United States Coast Guard.
- Store flammable liquids in basements, cellars or other areas below grade.
- Clean number six fuel oil tanks by heating number two fuel oil and circulating it within such tanks.
Persons who install, alter, test or repair any flammable or combustible liquid storage system shall hold a certificate of license or shall be employed by and perform such duties under the general supervision of a person holding such certificate.
The following terms shall, for the purposes of this chapter and as used elsewhere in this code, have the meanings set forth in FC202.
ALCOHOL-BASED HAND RUB.
BULK PLANT OR TERMINAL.
BULK TRANSFER.
COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID.
FIRE POINT.
FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID STORAGE SYSTEM.
FLAMMABLE LIQUID.
FLASH POINT.
FLEET FUELING.
LIQUID STORAGE ROOM.
LIQUID STORAGE WAREHOUSE.
PROCESS TRANSFER.
PROCESSING VESSEL.
REFINERY.
REMOTE SOLVENT RESERVOIR.
SOLVENT DISTILLATION UNIT.
TANK, PRIMARY.
ALCOHOL-BASED HAND RUB.
BULK PLANT OR TERMINAL.
BULK TRANSFER.
COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID.
Class II.
Class IIIA.
Class IIIB.
FIRE POINT.
FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID STORAGE SYSTEM.
FLAMMABLE LIQUID.
Class I.
Class IA.
Class IB.
Class IC.
FLASH POINT.
FLEET FUELING.
LIQUID STORAGE ROOM.
LIQUID STORAGE WAREHOUSE.
PROCESS TRANSFER.
PROCESSING VESSEL.
REFINERY.
REMOTE SOLVENT RESERVOIR.
SOLVENT DISTILLATION UNIT.
TANK, PRIMARY.
Electrical wiring and equipment shall be installed and maintained in accordance with the Electrical Code.
Areas where flammable liquids are stored, handled or used, including the dispensing or mixing of such liquids, shall be in accordance with FC Table 5703.1.1 and the Electrical Code. A classified area shall not extend beyond any floor, roof or other solid partition having no openings. The extent of the classified area is allowed to be reduced, or eliminated, where sufficient technical justification is provided to the commissioner that a concentration in the area in excess of 25 percent of the lower flammable limit cannot be generated.
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
a. Locations as classified in the Electrical Code.
b. When classifying extent of area, consideration shall be given to the fact that tank cars or cargo tanks can be situated at varying points. Therefore, the perimeter of the loading or unloading positions shall be used.
c. The release of Class I liquids can generate vapors to the extent that the entire building, and possibly a zone surrounding it, are considered a Class I, Division 2 location.
|
LOCATION
|
GROUP D DIVISION
|
EXTENT OF CLASSIFIED AREA |
| Underground tank fill opening |
1
2
|
Pits, boxes or spaces below grade level, any part of which is within the Division 1 or 2
classified area.
Up to 18 inches above grade level within a horizontal radius of 10 feet from a loose-fill
connection and within a horizontal radius of 5 feet from a tight-fill connection.
|
| Vent—Discharging upward |
1
2
|
Within 3 feet of open end of vent, extending in all directions. Area between 3 feet and 5 feet of open end of vent, extending in all directions. |
| Drum and container filling Outdoor or indoor with adequate ventilation
|
1
2 |
Within 3 feet of vent and fill opening, extending in all directions. Area between 3 feet and 5 feet from vent of fill opening, extending in all directions. Also up to 18 inches above floor or grade level within a horizontal radius of 10 feet from
vent or fill opening. |
| Pumps, bleeders, withdrawal fittings, meters and similar devices Outdoor
|
2 2
|
Within 5 feet of any edge of such devices, extending in all directions. Also up to 3 feet above floor or grade level within 25 feet horizontally from any edge of such devices.
Within 3 feet of any edge of such devices, extending in all directions. Also up to 18 inches
horizontally from an edge of such devices.
|
| Pits Without mechanical ventilation
With mechanical ventilation
Containing valves, fittings or piping, and not within a
Division 1 or 2 classified area
|
1
2
2
|
Entire area within pit if any part is within a Division 1 or 2 classified area. Entire area within pit if any part is within a Division 1 or 2 classified area. Entire pit. |
| Drainage ditches, separators, impounding basins Outdoor
|
1 or 2
2
|
Same as pits. Area up to 18 inches above ditch, separator or basin. Also up to 18 inches above grade within 15 feet horizontal from any edge.
|
| Cargo tank and tank carb Loading through open dome
Loading through bottom connections with atmospheric venting
Office and restrooms
|
1 2 1 2 Ordinary |
Within 3 feet of edge of dome, extending in all directions. Area between 3 feet and 15 feet from edge of dome, extending in all directions. Within 3 feet of point of venting to atmosphere, extending in all directions. Area between 3 feet and 15 feet from point of venting to atmosphere, extending in all directions. Also up to 18 inches above grade within a horizontal radius of 10 feet
Where there is an opening to these rooms within the extent of an indoor classified
from point of loading connection. location, the room shall be classified the same as if the wall, curb or partition did not
exist. |
| Cargo tank and tank carb—continued Loading through closed dome with atmospheric venting
Loading through closed dome with vapor control
Bottom loading with vapor control or any bottom unloading |
1 2 2 2 |
Within 3 feet of open end of vent, extending in all directions. Area between 3 feet and 15 feet from open end of vent, extending in all directions. Also within 3 feet of edge of dome, extending in all directions.
Within 3 feet of point of connection of both fill and vapor lines, extending in all directions. Within 3 feet of point of connection, extending in all directions. Also up to 18 inches above grade within a horizontal radius of 10 feet from point of connection.
|
| Repair garage for cargo tanks |
1
2
|
Pits or spaces below floor level. Area up to 18 inches above floor or grade level for entire storage or repair garage. |
| Garages for other than cargo tanks |
Ordinary
|
Where there is an opening to these rooms within the extent of an outdoor classified area,
the entire room shall be classified the same as the area classification at the point of
the opening. |
| Outdoor drum storage |
Ordinary
|
|
| Indoor warehousing where there is no flammable liquid transfer |
Ordinary
|
Where there is an opening to these rooms within the extent of an indoor classified area, the room shall be classified the same as if the wall, curb or partition did not exist. |
| Indoor equipment where flammable vapor/air mixtures could exist under normal operations |
1 2 |
Area within 5 feet of any edge of such equipment, extending in all directions. Area between 5 feet and 8 feet of any edge of such equipment, extending in all directions. Also, area up to 3 feet above floor or grade level within 5 feet to 25 feet
horizontally from any edge of such equipment.c |
| Outdoor equipment where flammable vapor/air mixtures could exist under normal operations |
1
2
|
Area within 3 feet of any edge of such equipment, extending in all directions. Area between 3 feet and 8 feet of any edge of such equipment extending in all directions. Also, area up to 3 feet above floor orgrade level within 3 feet to 10 feet
horizontally from any edge of such equipment. |
| Tank—Aboveground Shell, ends or roof and dike area
Vent
Floating roof
|
1 2 1 2
1
|
Area inside dike where dike height is greater than the distance from the tank to the dike for more than 50 percent of the tank circumference.
Area within 10 feet from shell, ends or roof of tank. Area inside dikes to level of top of
dike.
Area within 5 feet of open end of vent, extending in all directions.Area between 5 feet and 10 feet from open end of vent, extending in all directions. Area above the roof and within the shell. |
a. Locations as classified in the Electrical Code.
b. When classifying extent of area, consideration shall be given to the fact that tank cars or cargo tanks can be situated at varying points. Therefore, the perimeter of the loading or unloading positions shall be used.
c. The release of Class I liquids can generate vapors to the extent that the entire building, and possibly a zone surrounding it, are considered a Class I, Division 2 location.
Areas where Class II or III liquids are heated above their flash points shall have electrical installations in accordance with FC5703.1.1 and the Electrical Code.
The commissioner may determine the extent of the Class I electrical equipment and wiring location when a condition is not specifically covered by these requirements or the Electrical Code.
Tanks shall be properly grounded.
Fire protection for the storage, handling, and use of flammable and combustible liquids, including the dispensing and mixing of such liquids, and on-site transportation, shall be provided in accordance with this chapter and FC Chapter 9.
The commissioner may require an owner or operator of a tank system to conduct a site assessment upon a determination that a potential fire or explosion hazard exists as a result of a spill, leak or discharge from such system. Such site assessments shall be conducted to ascertain potential fire hazards and shall be completed and submitted to the department within a time period established by the commissioner, not to exceed 60 calendar days.
Where the maximum allowable quantity per control area is exceeded, and when required by FC5004.2, rooms, buildings or areas used for storage, handling or use of Class I, II and III-A liquids, including the dispensing or mixing of such liquids, shall be provided with spill control and secondary containment in accordance with FC5004.2.
The commissioner may require warning signs for the purpose of identifying the hazards of manufacturing, storing, handling or using flammable liquids, including the dispensing or mixing of such liquids. Signage for identification and warning such as for the inherent hazard of flammable liquids or smoking shall be provided in accordance with this chapter and FC 5003.5 and 5003.6.
Warning signs shall be of a durable material. Signs warning of the hazard of flammable liquids shall have red, black or white lettering on a contrasting background and shall read: DANGER—FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS. Letters shall not be less than 3 inches (76 mm) in height and 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) in stroke.
Signs shall be posted in locations as required by the commissioner. Piping containing flammable liquids shall be identified in accordance with ASME A13.1.
Individual containers, packages and cartons shall be identified, marked, labeled and placarded in accordance with federal regulations and applicable state laws.
Color coding or other approved identification means consistent with the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation regulations, as set forth in 6 NYCRR Section 613, shall be provided on each loading and unloading riser for flammable or combustible liquids to identify the contents of the tank served by the riser.
Piping systems for flammable and combustible liquids shall be in accordance with this section.
Exception: Piping that is integral to stationary or portable engines, including engines in aircraft, marine vessels, watercraft and motor vehicles, and piping associated with boilers and pressure vessels regulated by the construction codes, including the Mechanical Code.
Reserved.
Piping system components shall be designed and manufactured in accordance with the applicable standard listed in FC Table 5703.6.2 and NFPA 30, except as modified by this section.
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PIPING USE
|
STANDARD
|
| Power Piping |
ASME B31.1
|
| Process Piping |
ASME B31.3
|
| Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other Liquids |
ASME B31.4
|
| Building Services Piping |
ASME B31.9
|
Low-melting-point materials, such as aluminum, copper or brass, that soften on fire exposure, such as nonmetallic materials, and nonductile material, such as cast iron, shall be acceptable for use underground only in accordance with the applicable standard listed in FC Table 5703.6.2. Aboveground piping system components shall be constructed of Schedule 40 steel or a higher schedule steel.
Unless tested in accordance with the applicable section of ASME B31.9, piping, before being covered,enclosed or placed in use, shall be hydrostatically tested to 150 percent of the maximum anticipated operating pressure of the system, or pneumatically tested to 110 percent of the maximum anticipated pressure of the system, but not less than 15 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) (103.4 kPa) at the highest point of the system. This test shall be maintained for a sufficient time period to complete visual inspection of joints and connections. For a minimum of 60 minutes, there shall be no leakage or permanent distortion. Pneumatic testing shall be conducted using an inert gas, except that air may be used if the piping system does not contain flammable or combustible liquid vapors. Piping system tests shall be conducted at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department. Care shall be exercised to ensure that these pressures are not applied to vented storage tanks. Such storage tanks shall be tested independently from the piping.
Existing piping shall be tested in accordance with this section, upon a determination by the commissioner that such piping may be leaking. Piping that could contain flammable or combustible liquid vapors shall not be tested pneumatically, except that vapor-recovery piping may be tested pneumatically using an inert gas. Such tests shall be conducted at the owner's risk by his or her representative.
Where subject to external corrosion, piping, related fluid-handling components and supports for both underground and aboveground applications shall be fabricated from noncorrosive materials, coated or otherwise provided with corrosion protection. Dissimilar metallic parts that promote galvanic action shall not be joined.
Piping systems shall contain a sufficient number of manual control valves and check valves to operate the system properly and to protect the facility under both normal and emergency conditions. Piping systems in connection with pumps shall contain a sufficient number of such valves to control properly the flow of liquids in normal operation and in the event of physical damage or fire exposure.
Connections to pipelines or piping by which tank cars, cargo tanks, marine vessels, watercraft or other equipment discharge liquids into storage tanks shall be provided with check valves or block valves for automatic protection against backflow where the piping arrangement is such that backflow from the system is possible. Where loading and unloading is done through a commonpipe system, a check valve is not required except as required by the applicable provisions of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation regulations, as set forth in 6 NYCRR Section 613. However, a block valve shall be provided which is located so as to be readily accessible or remotely operable.
Aboveground tanks with connections located below normal liquid level shall be provided with internal or external isolation valves located as close as practical to the shell of the tank. Except for liquids whose chemical characteristics are incompatible with steel, such valves, when external, and their connections to the tank shall be of steel.
Flexible joints shall be listed and approved and shall be installed on underground liquid, vapor and vent piping at all of the following locations:
- Where piping connects to underground tanks.
- Where piping ends at pump islands and vent risers.
- At points where differential movement in the piping can occur.
Fiberglass-reinforced plastic piping is not required to be provided with flexible joints in locations where both of the following conditions are present:
- Piping does not exceed 4 inches (102 mm) in diameter.
- Piping has a straight run of not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) on one side of the connection when such connections result in a change of direction.
In lieu of the minimum 4-foot (1219 mm) straight run length required in FC5703.6.9.1(2), approved and listed flexible joints are allowed to be used under dispensers and suction pumps, at submerged pumps and tanks, and where vents extend aboveground.
Joints shall be liquid-tight and shall be welded, flanged or threaded except that listed flexible connectors are allowed in accordance with FC5703.6.9. Threaded or flanged joints shall fit tightly by using approved methods and materials for the type of joint. Joints in piping systems used for Class I liquids shall be welded when located in concealed spaces within buildings or structures. Nonmetallic joints shall be subject to the approval of the commissioner and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Pipe joints that are dependent on the friction characteristics or resiliency of combustible materials for liquid tightness of piping shall not be used in buildings or structures. Piping shall be secured to prevent disengagement at the fitting.
The bending of piping and tubing shall be performed in accordance with ASME B31.9.
Piping system components shall be documented as being compatible with the liquid to which such components will be exposed. Such documentation shall be approved and submitted to the department upon request.
Flammable and combustible liquids in containers and tanks shall be stored in accordance with this section, FC Chapter 50 and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation regulations, as set forth in 6 NYCRR Parts 596, 598, 599, and 613.
Except as specifically authorized in 5706, it shall be unlawful to store flammable liquids in an aboveground storage tank.
Except at a bulk plant or terminal or as otherwise specified in this chapter, the capacity of flammable and combustible liquid storage tanks shall not exceed the amounts set forth in FC 5704.1.2.1 through 5704.1.2.4.
Individual underground flammable liquid storage tanks shall not exceed a capacity of 4,000 gallons (15 140 L). The aggregate capacity of underground flammable liquid storage tanks at a premises shall not exceed 20,000 gallons (75 700 L).
Individual underground combustible liquid storage tanks shall not exceed a capacity of 12,000 gallons (45 420 L). The aggregate capacity of underground combustible liquid storage tanks at a premises shall not exceed 40,000 gallons (151 400 L).
The aggregate capacity of aboveground combustible liquid tanks installed outdoors at a premises shall not exceed 30,000 gallons (113 550 L).
The aggregate capacity of aboveground combustible liquid tanks installed indoors shall not exceed 20,000 gallons (75 700 L).
The provisions of this section shall apply to:
- The storage of flammable liquids in stationary aboveground tanks located outdoors and underground tanks.
- The storage of combustible liquids in stationary aboveground tanks indoors and outdoors, and underground tanks.
- Existing storage tank installations at bulk plants and terminals which have not been used for the storage of flammable or combustible liquids for a period in excess of 2 years from the date of completion of construction of the tank structure, if the tank is to be placed in service.
Tanks that will be undergoing a change in contents shall comply with the design and installation requirements applicable to the type of flammable or combustible liquid with which it is proposed to be filled in accordance with this chapter, including FC5704.2.7. Prior to a change in contents, notification shall be made to the department, which may require submission of design and installation documents, testing of a tank for leaks, and/or documentation of compatibility. Tanks that have previously contained Class I liquids shall not be filled with Class II or Class III liquids until such tanks and all piping, pumps, hoses and meters connected there to have been completely drained and flushed. Tanks that previously contained combustible motor fuel may be used for biodiesel motor fuel as set forth in FC2307. Approval of the department shall be required for a change in contents to biodiesel only if the biofuel content exceeds 20 percent.
Cargo tanks, tank cars, barges, marine vessels and watercraft shall not be used as stationary storage tanks unless approved.
Exception: A marine vessel or watercraft moored or anchored to privately owned waterfront property storing fuel oil to be used on such waterfront property, when the barge or vessel is located within the bulkhead line and the riparian ownership to the bulkhead line is under the same ownership as the waterfront property, the fuel oil is used only by the owner of such vessel or watercraft and the fuel oil is used beyond a radius of 200 feet (60 960 mm) from the waterfront. Fuel oil stored shall have the specific gravity of not more than 16 degrees Baume. Such marine vessels and watercraft shall be located wholly within the bulkhead line and in such a position as not to constitute an encumbrance to navigation, and shall be constructed, equipped and protected against fire in compliance with the requirements of the commissioner.
Labeling and signs for storage tanks and storage tank areas shall comply with the requirements of FC 5704.2.3.1 and 5704.2.3.2.
Signs shall be posted in storage areas prohibiting open flames and smoking. Signs shall comply with the requirements of 5703.5.
Open flames are prohibited in storage areas in accordance with FC5003.7.
Flammable and combustible liquids shall be stored separated from incompatible materials, in accordance with FC5003.9.8.
The materials used in tank construction shall be in accordance with NFPA 30.
Tanks shall be designed for the pressures to which they will be subjected in accordance with NFPA 30.
Tank vents for normal venting shall be installed and maintained in accordance with FC 5704.2.7.3.1 through 5704.2.7.3.5.
Listed or approved flame arresters or Pressure-vacuum (PV) vents that remain closed unless venting under pressure or vacuum conditions shall be installed in normal vents of tanks containing Class IB and IC liquids. Vent-line flame arresters shall be installed in accordance with their listings or API 2000 and maintained in accordance with NFPA 30 or API 2000. In-line flame arresters in piping systems shall be installed and maintained in accordance with their listing or API 2028. Pressure-vacuum vents shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 30 or API 2000 and maintained in accordance with NFPA 30 or API 2000.
Exception: Where the department determines that the use of such devices can result in damage to the tank.
Vent pipe outlets shall be located such that the vapors are released at a safe point outdoors and not less than 15 feet (4572 mm) above the adjacent ground level. Vapors shall be discharged upward or horizontally away from adjacent walls to assist in vapor dispersion. Vent outlets shall be located such that flammable or combustible vapors will not be trapped by eaves or other obstructions and shall be at least 10 feet (3048 mm) from building openings.
Vent piping shall be designed, sized, constructed and installed in accordance with FC5703.6. Vent pipes shall be installed such that they will drain toward the tank without sags or traps in which liquid can collect. Vent pipes shall be installed in such a manner so as not to be subject to physical damage or vibration.
Tank vent piping shall not be manifolded unless required for special purposes such as vapor recovery, vapor conservation or air pollution control.
Vent piping for tanks storing Class I liquids shall not be manifolded with vent piping for tanks storing Class II and III liquids unless positive means are provided to prevent the vapors from Class I liquids from entering tanks storing Class II and III liquids, to prevent contamination and possible change in classification of less volatile liquid.
Tank openings for other than vents shall comply with the requirements of FC 5704.2.7.5.1 through 5704.2.7.5.8.
Filling, emptying and vapor recovery connections to tanks shall be located outdoors at a location free from sources of ignition and not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) away from building openings. Such openings shall be provided with a liquid-tight cap which shall be closed when not in use and properly identified.
Piping, connections, fittings and other appurtenances shall be installed in accordance with FC5703.6.
Filling, withdrawal and vapor-recovery connections that are made and broken shall be located outdoors at a location away from sources of ignition and not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) away from building openings. Such connections shall be closed and liquid-tight when not in use and shall be properly identified.
Tank openings provided for purposes of vapor recovery shall be protected against vapor release by means of a spring-loaded check valve or dry-break connections, or other approved device, unless the opening is a pipe connected to a vapor processing system. Openings designed for combined fill and vapor recovery shall also be protected against vapor release unless connection of the liquid delivery line to the fill pipe simultaneously connects the vapor recovery line. Connections shall be vapor-tight.
An approved means or method in accordance with FC 5704.2.9.4 and 5704.2.9.6.5 for aboveground storage and FC5704.2.11.4 for underground storage shall be provided to prevent the overfill of all flammable and combustible liquid storage tanks.
The repair or alteration, including welding, cutting and hot tapping of storage tanks and piping that have been placed in service, shall be in accordance with NFPA 30. Hot work on such tanks shall be conducted in accordance with FC3510. Hot tapping shall only be allowed with the approval of the commissioner.
The design of the supporting structure for tanks shall be in accordance with the construction codes, including the Building Code and NFPA 30.
Where subject to external corrosion, tanks shall be fabricated from corrosion-resistant materials, coated or provided with corrosion protection in accordance with NFPA 30 and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation regulations, as set forth in 6 NYCRR Part 613.
A consistent or accidental loss of liquid, or other indication of a leak from a tank system, shall be reported immediately to the department and other authorities having jurisdiction.
Leaking tanks shall be promptly emptied, repaired and returned to service, sealed in place or removed in accordance with FC 5704.2.13.
Steel tanks are allowed to be lined only for the purpose of protecting the interior from corrosion or providing compatibility with a material to be stored. Only those liquids tested for compatibility with the lining material are allowed to be stored in lined tanks. Tank lining shall not be used for purposes of repairing a tank.
Reserved.
Aboveground storage of combustible liquids in tanks shall comply with the requirements of FC5704.2, and FC 5704.2.9.1.2 through 5704.2.9.6.9. Except as specifically authorized in FC5706, the storage of flammable liquid in aboveground storage tanks is prohibited.
Reserved.
Reserved.
Where foam fire protection is approved for a required fire extinguishing system pursuant to this chapter, it shall be designed and installed in accordance with NFPA 11, as modified by FC Appendix B.
Where foam fire protection is approved for a required fire extinguishing system pursuant to this chapter, the foam-producing materials shall be stored on the premises.
Supports or pilings for aboveground tanks storing Class I, II or IIIA liquids elevated more than 12 inches (305 mm) above grade shall have a fire-resistance rating of not less than 2 hours in accordance with the fire exposure criteria specified in ASTM E 1529.
Exception: Structural supports tested as part of a protected aboveground tank in accordance with UL 2085.
Supports, foundations and anchorages for aboveground tanks shall be designed and constructed in accordance with NFPA 30 and the construction codes, including the Building Code.
Stairs, platforms and walkways shall be of noncombustible construction and shall be designed and constructed in accordance with NFPA 30 and the construction codes, including the Building Code.
Aboveground tanks shall not be filled in excess of 95 percent of their capacity. An approved overfill prevention system shall be provided for each tank. During tank-filling operations, the system shall automatically shut off the flow of liquid to the tank when the quantity of liquid in the tank reaches 95 percent of tank capacity. For rigid hose liquid-delivery systems, an approved means shall be provided to empty the fill hose into the tank after the automatic shutoff device is activated.
Outdoor aboveground tanks shall comply with the requirements of FC 5704.2.9.5.1 through 5704.2.9.5.3.
Outdoor aboveground tanks shall be located in accordance with FC 5704.2.9.5.1.1 through 5704.2.9.5.1.5, as applicable.
Aboveground tanks operating at pressures not exceeding 2.5 psig (17.2 kPa) for storage of Class I, II or IIIA liquids, which are designed with a floating roof or a weak roof-to-shell seam, or equipped with emergency venting devices limiting pressure to 2.5 psig (17.2 kPa), shall be located in accordance with NFPA 30.
Exceptions:
- Vertical tanks having a weak roof-to-shell seam and storing Class IIIA liquids are allowed to be located at one-half the distances specified in NFPA 30, provided the tanks are not within a diked area or drainage path for a tank storing Class I or II liquids.
- Liquids with boilover characteristics and unstable liquids in accordance with FC 5704.2.9.5.1.3 and 5704.2.9.5.1.4.
- For protected aboveground tanks in accordance with FC5704.2.9.6, the distances in NFPA 30 shall apply and shall be reduced by one-half, but not to less than 5 feet (1524 mm).
Aboveground tanks for the storage of Class I, II or IIIA liquids operating at pressures exceeding 2.5 psig (17.2 kPa) or equipped with emergency venting allowing pressures to exceed 2.5 psig (17.2 kPa) shall be located in accordance with NFPA 30.
Exception:
Liquids with boilover characteristics and unstable liquids in accordance with FC 5704.2.9.5.1.3 and 5704.2.9.5.1.4.
Aboveground tanks for the storage of Class IIIB liquids, excluding unstable liquids, shall be located in accordance with NFPA 30, except when located within a diked area or drainage path for a tank or tanks storing Class I or II liquids. Where a Class IIIB liquid storage tank is within the diked area or drainage path for a Class I or II liquid, distances required by FC5704.2.9.5.1.2 shall apply.
The separation between tanks containing stable liquids shall be in accordance with NFPA 30. Where tanks are in a diked area containing Class I or II liquids, or in the drainage path of Class I or II liquids, and are compacted in three or more rows or in an irregular pattern, the commissioner may require greater separation than specified in NFPA 30 or other means to make tanks in the interior of the pattern accessible for firefighting purposes. The separation between tanks containing unstable liquids shall not be less than one-half the sum of their diameters.
The minimum horizontal separation between an LPG container and a Class I, II or IIIA liquid storage tank shall be 20 feet (6096 mm) except in the case of Class I, II or IIIA liquid tanks operating at pressures exceeding 2.5 psig (17.2 kPa) or equipped with emergency venting allowing pressures to exceed 2.5 psig (17.2 kPa), in which case the provisions of FC5704.2.9.5.2 shall apply. An approved means shall be provided to prevent the accumulation of Class I, II or IIIA liquids under adjacent LPG containers such as by dikes, diversion curbs or grading. When flammable or combustible liquid storage tanks are within a diked area, the LPG containers shall be outside the diked area and at least 10 feet (3048 mm) away from the centerline of the wall of the diked area.
Exception: Horizontal separation is not required between LPG containers and underground flammable and combustible liquid tanks.
In addition to the requirements of this chapter for aboveground tanks, the installation of protected aboveground tanks shall be in accordance with FC 5704.2.9.6.1 through 5704.2.9.6.9.
The construction of a protected aboveground tank and its primary tank shall be in accordance with FC5704.2.7.
Normal and emergency venting for protected aboveground tanks shall be provided in accordance with FC 5704.2.7.3 and 5704.2.7.4. The vent capacity reduction factor shall not be allowed.
Protected aboveground tanks shall be provided with secondary containment, drainage control or diking in accordance with FC5004.2 and 6 NYCRR Part 613. A means shall be provided to establish the integrity of the secondary containment in accordance with NFPA 30.
Where protected aboveground tanks, piping, electrical conduit or dispensers are subject to vehicular impact, they shall be protected therefrom, either by having the impact protection incorporated into the system design in compliance with the impact test protocol of UL 2085, or by meeting the provisions of FC312, or where necessary, a combination of both. Where posts or other approved barriers are provided, they shall be independent of each aboveground tank.
A durable sign shall be conspicuously posted on or immediately adjacent to the fill point for the tank, setting forth the filling procedure and the tank calibration chart. The filling procedure shall require the person filling the tank to determine the number of gallons required to fill it to 90 percent of capacity before commencing the fill operation.
The fill pipe shall be provided with a means for making a direct connection to the cargo tank's fuel delivery hose so that the delivery of fuel by means of a liquid-tight connection is not exposed to the open air during the filling operation. Where any portion of the fill pipe exterior to the tank extends below the level of the top of the tank, a check valve shall be installed in the fill pipe not more than 12 inches (305 mm) from the fill hose connection.
A spill container having a capacity of not less than 15 gallons (56.8 L) shall be provided for each fill connection. For tanks with a top fill connection, spill containers shall be noncombustible and shall be fixed to the tank and equipped with a manual drain valve that drains into the primary tank. For tanks with a remote fill connection, a portable spill container shall be allowed.
Tank openings in protected aboveground tanks shall be through the top only.
Approved antisiphon devices shall be installed in each external pipe connected to the protected aboveground tank when the pipe extends below the level of the top of the tank.
The area surrounding a tank or group of tanks shall be provided with drainage control or shall be diked to prevent accidental discharge of liquid from endangering adjacent tanks, adjoining property or reaching waterways. The area shall be in compliance with the requirements of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation regulations, as set forth in 6 NYCRR Part 613.
Exceptions:
- For tanks having a capacity of less than 10,000 gallons (37 850 L), the commissioner may modify these requirements based on an approved technical report which demonstrates that such tank or group of tanks does not constitute a hazard to other tanks, waterways or adjoining property, after consideration of special features such as topographical conditions, nature of occupancy and proximity to buildings or structures on the same or adjacent property, capacity, and construction of proposed tanks and character of liquids to be stored, and nature and quantity of private and public fire protection provided.
- Drainage control and diking is not required for listed secondary containment tanks.
The volumetric capacity of the diked area shall not be less than the greatest amount of liquid that can be released from the largest tank within the diked area. The capacity of the diked area enclosing more than one tank shall be calculated by deducting the volume of the tanks other than the largest tank below the height of the dike.
Diked areas containing multiple tanks shall be subdivided in accordance with NFPA 30.
Piping shall not pass through adjacent diked areas or impounding basins, unless provided with a sealed sleeve or otherwise protected from exposure to fire.
Diked areas shall be kept free from combustible materials, drums and barrels.
Pumps, manifolds and fire protection equipment or controls shall not be located within diked areas or drainage basins or in a location where such equipment and controls would be endangered by fire in the diked area or drainage basin. Aboveground piping shall be minimized and located as close as practical to the shell of the tank in diked areas or drainage basins.
Exceptions:
- Pumps, manifolds and piping integral to the tanks or equipment being served which is protected by intermediate diking, berms, drainage or fire protection, such as water spray, monitors or resistive coating.
- Fire protection equipment or controls which are appurtenances to the tanks or equipment being protected, such as foam chambers or foam piping and water or foam monitors and hydrants, or hand and wheeled extinguishers.
All dike walls shall be of steel or reinforced concrete, designed to be liquid-tight and to withstand a full hydraulic head, and constructed to provide access to and from the diked area. Where stairways or other means are required to provide such access, they shall be constructed of steel. No dike wall shall be higher than 60 percent of the tank height.
Underground storage of flammable and combustible liquids in tanks shall comply with the requirements of FC 5704.2, and 5704.2.11.1 through 5704.2.11.5.2.
Flammable and combustible liquid storage tanks located underground, either outdoors or under buildings, shall be in compliance with the following requirements:
- Tanks shall be installed so that the external forces exerted from building foundations and support loads are not transmitted to the tanks. The distance from any part of a tank to the nearest wall of any basement, pit, cellar or any property line shall not be less than 3 feet (914 mm). Tanks shall not be placed less than 20 feet (6096 mm) from a subway wall.
- Tanks shall be installed so that the highest point of the tank is not less than 2 feet (610 mm) below the level of the lowest cellar floor of any building within a radius of 10 feet (3048 mm) from the tank. No tank shall be located under a sidewalk or beyond the property line.
- A minimum distance of 18 inches (458 mm), shell to shell, shall be maintained between underground tanks.
- Manufacturer's installation instructions.
Excavation for underground storage tanks shall be made with due care to avoid undermining of foundations of existing structures. Underground tanks shall be set on firm foundations and surrounded with at least 6 inches (152 mm) of noncorrosive inert material, in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.
Leak prevention for underground tanks shall comply with the requirements of FC 5704.2.11.5.1 and 5704.2.11.5.2.
Underground storage tank systems shall be provided with an approved method of leak detection from any component of the system that is designed and installed in accordance with NFPA 30. Leak detection systems shall be tested at the time of installation at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department.
Any underground single-walled flammable or combustible liquid storage tank existing prior to the effective date of this code that is not provided with a leak detection system meeting the requirements of FC5704.2.11.5.2 shall be precision tested at least once every 5 years.
Exception:
Bulk plant and terminal tanks.
The commissioner may require a tank and piping system to be precision tested, pressure tested or tested by other approved method in accordance with this section to determine the condition of the tank or piping or when the commissioner has good cause to believe that a leak exists. Storage systems that may contain flammable or combustible liquid vapor shall not be tested pneumatically. Such tests shall be conducted at the owner's risk by his or her representative.
Tank testing required by FC 5704.2.12.1 through 5704.2.12.3 shall be at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department.
Prior to being placed into service, tanks shall be tested in accordance with NFPA 30.
Underground tanks shall be tested hydrostatically at 15 pounds per square inch (psig)(103.4 kPa), or 150 percent of the maximum anticipated static head pressure, whichever is greater, for the inner tank, and pneumatically or hydrostatically at 5 pounds per square inch (psig)(34.5 kPa) for the annular space (secondary containment tank). When a pneumatic test is allowed, an inert gas shall be used; however, air may be used if the tank does not contain any flammable or combustible liquid vapor. Test pressure shall be maintained for sufficient time to complete visual inspection, but not less than 1 hour. A tank shall be deemed to have passed the test if it shows no evidence of leakage or permanent deformation.
Aboveground tanks shall be tested hydrostatically at 15 pounds per square inch (psig)(103.4 kPa) for the inner tank, and pneumatically or hydrostatically at 5 pounds per square inch (psig)(34.5 kPa) for the annular space (secondary containment tank). When a pneumatic test is allowed, an inert gas shall be used; however, air may be used if the tank does not contain any flammable or combustible liquid vapor. Test pressure shall be maintained for sufficient time to complete visual inspection, but not less than 1 hour. A tank shall be deemed to have passed the test if it shows no evidence of leakage or permanent deformation.
Tanks taken out of service shall comply with the requirements of FC 5704.2.13.1 through 5704.2.13.2.3 and API 1604. Tanks taken out of service shall be removed, sealed in place or safeguarded by a certificate of license holder or a plumber in accordance with the rules.
Exceptions:
- Tanks within operating facilities at bulk plants and terminals.
- Tanks connected to fuel oil burning equipment that is used seasonally or as one of the fuels in dual-fueled equipment.
- Tanks that are used for seasonal storage or standby storage.
Underground tanks taken out of service shall comply with the requirements of FC 5704.2.13.1.1 through 5704.2.13.1.3.
A fuel oil storage tank removed from service by reason of conversion of the heating system to an alternative fuel or power source, or other replacement of the tank, shall be sealed or removed from the premises in compliance with FC5704.2.13.1.3 at the time of conversion or replacement.
Except as otherwise provided in FC5704.2.13.1.1, underground tanks not used for a period of 30 calendar days or more shall be removed from the premises, or sealed in place in compliance with the requirements of FC5704.2.13.1.3, or safeguarded in compliance with the following requirements:
- Flammable or combustible liquids shall be removed from the tank and connecting piping.
- The tank and connecting piping shall be rendered free of flammable and combustible vapors using an inert gas.
- Except for any active fire extinguishing system piping, the tank and connecting piping, including fill line, gauge opening, vapor return and pump connection, shall be capped or plugged and secured from tampering and the fill connection covered with concrete.
- Vent lines shall remain open and be maintained in accordance with FC 5704.2.7.3 and 5704.2.7.4.
Except as otherwise provided in FC5704.2.13.1.1, underground tanks that have been out of service for a period of 1 year or more shall be removed from the premises or sealed in place in compliance with the following requirements:
- Flammable and combustible liquids shall be removed from the tank and connected piping.
- The tank and connecting piping shall be rendered free of flammable and combustible vapors, using an inert gas.
- The tank shall be disconnected from system piping and removed from the premises, or filled completely with an approved, inert solid material, and sealed in place.
- All system piping, including fire extinguishing system lines, fill line, gauge opening and vapor return and pump connection, shall be disconnected from the tank and removed from the premises, or sealed in place and secured from tampering. Unless other methods are approved, the fill connection shall be cut from the fill piping and removed; the fill piping shall be capped or plugged; and the fill box filled with concrete.
- Tank openings shall be capped and plugged, leaving a 0.125-inch to 0.25-inch-diameter (3.2-mm to 6.4-mm-diameter) opening for pressure equalization, when tanks are removed from the premises.
Aboveground tanks taken out of service shall comply with the requirements of FC 5704.2.13.2.1 through 5704.2.13.2.3.
A fuel oil storage tank removed from service by reason of conversion of the heating system to an alternative fuel or power source, or other replacement of the tank, shall be sealed or removed from the premises in compliance with FC5704.2.13.2.3 at the time of conversion or replacement.
Except as otherwise provided in FC5704.2.13.2.1, aboveground tanks not used for a period of 30 calendar days or more shall be removed from the premises or sealed in place in compliance with the requirements of FC5704.2.13.2.3, or safeguarded in compliance with the following requirements:
- Tank and connecting piping shall be safeguarded in accordance with FC5704.2.13.1.2.
- The tank shall be protected from flotation in accordance with good engineering practice.
Except as otherwise provided in FC5704.2.13.2.1, aboveground tanks that have been out of service for a period of 1 year or more shall be removed from the premises or sealed in place in compliance with the following requirements:
- Flammable and combustible liquids shall be removed from the tank and connected piping.
- The tank and connecting piping shall be rendered free of flammable and combustible vapors using an inert gas.
- The tank shall be disconnected from system piping and removed from the premises, or filled completely with an approved, inert solid material, and sealed in place.
- All system piping, including fire extinguishing system lines, fill line, gauge opening, and vapor return and pump connection, shall be disconnected from the tank and removed from the premises, or sealed in place and secured from tampering. Unless other methods are approved, the fill connection shall be cut from the fill piping and removed; the fill piping shall be capped or plugged; and the spill containment box shall be removed.
- Tank openings shall be capped and plugged, leaving a 0.125-inch to 0.25-inch-diameter (3.2-mm to 6.4-mm-diameter) opening for pressure equalization, when tanks are removed from the premises.
- The tank shall be protected from flotation in accordance with good engineering practice.
- The tank shall be stenciled with the date that it was sealed in place.
Storage of flammable and combustible liquids in barrels, and in closed containers that do not exceed 60 gallons (227 L) in individual capacity, and transfers incidental thereto, shall comply with the requirements of this section. It shall be unlawful to store flammable and combustible liquids in containers with an individual capacity of greater than 60 gallons (227 L).
The design, construction and capacity of containers for the storage of flammable and combustible liquids shall be in accordance with this section and NFPA 30. It shall be unlawful to store flammable and combustible liquids in portable tanks, intermediate bulk containers and fiber drums.
Only approved containers shall be used.
Barrels containing distilled spirits shall be stored in a liquid warehouse in accordance with FC5704.3.8 and the rules.
Where other sections of this code require that liquid containers be stored in storage cabinets, such cabinets and storage shall be in accordance with FC 5704.3.2.1 through 5704.3.2.3.
Design of liquid storage cabinets shall be in accordance with this section.
Cabinets shall be listed in accordance with UL1275.
Cabinets shall be provided with a conspicuous label in red letters on contrasting background which reads: FLAMMABLE—KEEP FIRE AWAY.
Doors shall be well fitted, self-closing and equipped with a three-point latch.
The bottom of the cabinet shall be liquid-tight to a height of at least 2 inches (51 mm).
The combined total quantity of liquids in a cabinet shall not exceed 120 gallons (454 L).
Not more than three storage cabinets shall be located in a single fire area, except that in a Group F occupancy, additional cabinets are allowed to be located in the same fire area if the additional cabinets (or groups of up to three cabinets) are separated from other cabinets or groups of cabinets by at least 100 feet (30 480 mm).
Storage of flammable and combustible liquids indoors in containers shall be in accordance with this section.
Exceptions:
- Liquids in the fuel tanks of motor vehicles, aircraft, marine vessel, watercraft or portable or stationary engines.
- The storage of wines in wooden barrels or casks.
Materials that will react with water or other liquids to produce a hazard shall not be stored in the same room with flammable and combustible liquids in accordance with FC5003.9.8.
Storage of any liquids, including stock for sale, shall not be stored near or be allowed to obstruct physically the route of egress.
The storage of empty containers previously used for the storage of flammable or combustible liquids shall be stored as required for filled containers. Containers, when emptied, shall have the covers or plugs immediately replaced in openings, be removed to an outdoor location and, if not cleaned on the premises, the empty containers shall be removed from the premises as soon as practical, but at least daily.
Shelving shall be of approved noncombustible construction, adequately braced and anchored. Seismic requirements shall be in accordance with the construction codes, including the Building Code.
Reserved.
Shelves shall be of sufficient depth and provided with a lip or guard to prevent individual containers from being displaced.
Exception: Shelves in storage cabinets or on laboratory furniture specifically designed for such use.
Shelf storage of flammable and combustible liquids shall be maintained in an orderly manner.
Where storage on racks is allowed elsewhere in this code, a minimum 4-foot-wide (1219 mm) aisle shall be provided between adjacent rack sections and any adjacent storage of liquids. Main aisles shall have a minimum of 8 feet (2438 mm).
Approved quantities of combustible materials may be stored in liquid storage areas, provided that a distance of not less than 8 feet (2438 mm) horizontally is maintained between the liquid storage area and combustible materials and fire protection systems are provided in accordance with this code and Chapter 9 of the Building Code.
Storage of empty or idle combustible pallets inside an unprotected liquid storage area shall be limited to a maximum pile size of 2,500 square feet (232 m2) and to a maximum storage height of 6 feet (1829 mm). Storage of empty or idle combustible pallets inside a protected liquid storage area shall comply with the requirements of NFPA 13, as modified by FC Appendix B. Pallet storage shall be separated from liquid storage by aisles with a minimum width of 8 feet (2438 mm).
Containers in piles shall be stacked in such a manner as to provide stability and to prevent excessive stress on container walls. Adequate material-handling equipment shall be available to handle containers safely at the upper tier level.
Liquid storage quantity limitations shall comply with the requirements of FC 5704.3.4.1 through 5704.3.4.4.
For occupancies other than Group M wholesale and retail sales uses, indoor storage of flammable and combustible liquids shall not exceed the maximum allowable quantities per control area indicated in FC Table 5003.1.1(1) and shall not exceed the additional limitations set forth in this section. For Group M occupancy wholesale and retail sales uses, indoor storage of flammable and combustible liquids shall not exceed the maximum allowable quantities per control area indicated in FC Table 5704.3.4.1, except that no gasoline or flammable liquid motor fuel may be stored in portable containers for wholesale or retail sale. Storage of hazardous production material flammable and combustible liquids in Group H-5 occupancies shall be in accordance with FC Chapter 27.
For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square foot = 0.0929m2, 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1 gallon per minute per square foot = 40.75 L/min/m2.
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TYPE OF LIQUID
|
|||
|
Sprinkleredb per footnote densities and arrangements
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Sprinklered per FC Tables 5704.3.6.3(4) through 5704.3.6.3(8) and FC Table 5704.3.7.5.1 and the construction codes, including the Building Code
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Nonsprinklered
|
|
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Class IA
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60
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60
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30
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Class IB, IC, II and IIIA
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7,500c
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15,000c
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1,600
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|
Class IIIB
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Unlimited
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Unlimited
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13,200
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- Control areas shall be separated from each other by not less than a 1-hour fire barrier wall.
- To be considered as sprinklered, a building shall be protected throughout by a sprinkler system with a design providing minimum densities as follows:
- For uncartoned commodities on shelves 6 feet or less in height where the ceiling height does not exceed 18 feet, quantities are those allowed with a minimum sprinkler design density of Ordinary Hazard Group 2.
- For cartoned, palletized or racked commodities where storage is 4 feet 6 inches or less in height and where the ceiling height does not exceed 18 feet, quantities are those allowed with a minimum sprinkler design density of 0.21 gallon per minute per square foot over the most remote 1,500-squarefoot area.
- Where wholesale and retail sales or storage areas exceed 50,000 square feet in area, the maximum allowable quantities are allowed to be increased by 2 percent for each 1,000 square feet of area in excess of 50,000 square feet, up to a maximum of 100 percent of the table amounts. A control area separation is not required. The cumulative amounts, including amounts attained by having an additional control area, shall not exceed 30,000 gallons.
The quantity of flammable or combustible liquid stored shall be limited by occupancy as follows:
- Group A, B, E, F, I and S occupancies. Flammable and combustible liquids shall be stored only for lawful uses incidental to the occupancy, including maintenance and operation of equipment, and in quantities not to exceed that which is necessary for such use.
- Group M occupancies. Flammable and combustible liquids shall be stored only for lawful uses incidental to the occupancy, including maintenance and operation of equipment, and in quantities not to exceed that which is necessary for such use. The maximum allowable quantities for storage in wholesale and retail sales areas shall be in accordance with FC5704.3.4.1.
- Group R occupancies. Flammable and combustible liquids shall be stored only for maintenance and operation of equipment, and in quantities not to exceed that which is necessary for such use. Quantities within a dwelling unit shall be stored only for household use and in quantities below permit amounts. It shall be unlawful to store gasoline or other flammable liquid motor fuel within a dwelling unit.
- Gasoline and other flammable liquid motor fuel. Storage of gasoline and other flammable liquid motor fuel in portable containers in quantities requiring a permit is subject to the approval of the commissioner, regardless of the occupancy classification of the premises.
Quantities exceeding those allowed in control areas set forth in FC5704.3.4.1 shall be stored in liquid storage rooms or liquid storage warehouses in accordance with FC 5704.3.7 and 5704.3.8.
In all occupancies, quantities of flammable and combustible liquids requiring a permit pursuant to FC105.6, used for maintenance purposes and the operation of equipment, shall be stored in liquid storage cabinets in accordance with FC5704.3.2. Quantities not requiring a permit pursuant to FC105.6 shall be stored in approved containers and locations.
Storage of flammable and combustible liquids in control areas shall be in accordance with FC 5704.3.5.1 through 5704.3.5.4.
Flammable liquids shall not be allowed in basements, cellars or other areas below grade. Combustible liquids shall be allowed to be stored in basements, cellars or other areas below grade provided that such basement, cellar or other area below grade is protected throughout by a sprinkler system, and other fire protection is provided in accordance with FC Chapter 9 and the construction codes, including the Building Code.
Exception: Class IIIB combustible liquids may be stored in basements, cellars and other areas below grade that are not protected throughout by a sprinkler system when stored in a room or other area that is segregated, vertically and horizontally, from surrounding spaces by a fire separation of not less than 2-hour fire-resistance rating and such room or other area is protected throughout by a sprinkler system.
Containers having less than a 30-gallon (114 L) capacity which contain Class I or II liquids shall not be stacked more than 3 feet (914 mm) or two containers high, whichever is greater, unless stacked on fixed shelving or otherwise satisfactorily secured. Containers of Class I or II liquids having a capacity of 30 gallons (114 L) or more shall not be stored more than one container high. Containers shall be stored in an upright position.
Piles of containers shall not be stored closer than 3 feet (914 mm) to the nearest beam, chord, girder or other obstruction, and shall be 3 feet (914 mm) below sprinkler deflectors or discharge orifices of water spray or other overhead fire extinguishing system.
In areas that are inaccessible to the public, Class I, II and IIIA liquids shall not be stored in the same pile or rack section as ordinary combustible commodities unless such materials are packaged together as kits.
Flammable and combustible liquids in Group M occupancy wholesale and retail sales shall be in accordance with FC 5704.3.6.1 through 5704.3.6.5, or NFPA 30.
Containers for Class I liquids shall be metal.
Exception:
In sprinklered buildings, an aggregate quantity of 120 gallons (454 L) of water-miscible Class IB and Class IC liquids is allowed in nonmetallic containers, each having a capacity of 16 ounces (0.473 L) or less.
Containers for Class I liquids shall not exceed a capacity of 5 gallons (19 L).
Exception:
Metal containers not exceeding 55 gallons (208 L) are allowed to store up to 240 gallons (908 L) of the maximum allowable quantity per control area of Class IB and IC liquids in a control area. The building shall be protected throughout by a sprinkler system in accordance with FC Table 5704.3.4.1. The containers shall be provided with plastic caps without cap seals and shall be stored upright. Containers shall not be stacked or stored in racks and shall not be located in areas accessible to the public.
Fire protection and container storage arrangements shall be in accordance with FC Table 5704.3.6.3(1) or the following:
For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
a In buildings protected throughout by a sprinkler system, the storage height for metallic containers shall not exceed the maximum height allowed by NFPA 30 based on the type of fire protection systems provided, or the maximum height as determined by the department based on a full-scale fire test, whichever is greater. These storage heights do not apply to storage of nonmetallic containers.
b. In-rack protection shall be in accordance with FC Table 5704.3.6.3(5), 5704.3.6.3(6), 5704.3.6.3(7) or 5704.3.6.3(8) and the construction codes, including the Building Code.
For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 gallon = 3.785 L.
a. See FC5704.3.8.1 for unlimited quantities in liquid storage warehouses.
b. In buildings protected throughout by a sprinkler system, the storage height for metallic containers shall not exceed the maximum height allowed by NFPA 30 based on the type of fire protection systems provided, or the maximum height as determined by the department based on a full-scale fire test, whichever is greater. These storage heights do not apply to storage of nonmetallic containers.
c. These height limitations are allowed to be increased to 10 feet for containers having a capacity of 5 gallons or less.
d. For palletized storage of unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) in relieving-style metal containers with 50 percent or less by weight Class IC or II liquid and no Class IA or IB liquid, height and pile quantity limits shall be allowed to be 10 feet and 15,000 gallons, respectively, provided that such storage is protected by sprinklers in accordance with NFPA 30 and that the UPR storage area is not located in the same containment area or drainage path for other Class I or II liquids.
For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 gallon = 3.785 L.
a. See FC5704.3.8.1 for unlimited quantities in liquid storage warehouses.
b. In buildings protected throughout by a sprinkler system, the storage height for metallic containers shall not exceed the maximum height allowed by NFPA 30 based on the type of fire protection systems provided, or the maximum height as determined by the department based on a full-scale fire test, whichever is greater. These storage heights do not apply to storage of nonmetallic containers.
For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/m, 1 gallon per minute per square foot = 40.75 L/min/m2.
a. The design area contemplates the use of Class II standpipe systems. Where Class I standpipe systems are used, the area of application shall be increased by 30 percent without revising density.
b. For storage heights above 4 feet or ceiling heights greater than 18 feet, an approved engineering design shall be provided in accordance with FC104.7.2.
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 pound per square inch = 6.895 kPa, 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/m, 1 gallon per minute per square foot = 40.75 L/min/m2.
a. The design area contemplates the use of Class II standpipe systems. Where Class I standpipe systems are used, the area of application shall be increased by 30 percent without revising density.
b. When the installation uses listed or approved extra-large orifices, high-temperature quick-response or standard element sprinklers, such spaces may be provided with a maximum 30-foot ceiling height provided minimum 7.5-foot aisles are maintained.
c. For friction lid cans and other metal containers equipped with plastic nozzles or caps, the density shall be increased to 0.65 gpm per square foot using listed or approved extra-large orifice, high-temperature quick-response sprinklers.
d. When the installation uses listed or approved extra-large orifice, high-temperature quick-response or standard element sprinklers, such spaces may be provided with a maximum 18-foot ceiling height provided minimum 7.5-foot aisles are maintained and only metal containers are stored.
For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 pound per square inch = 6.895 kPa, 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/m, 1 gallon per minute per square foot = 40.75 L/min/m2.
a. The design assumes the use of Class II standpipe systems. Where a Class I standpipe system is used, the area of application shall be increased by 30 percent without revising density.
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 pound per square inch = 6.895 kPa, 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/m, 1 gallon per minute per square foot = 40.75 L/min/m2.
a. System shall be a closed-head wet system with approved devices for proportioning aqueous film-forming foam.
b. Except as modified by this table, in-rack sprinklers shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 13, as modified by FC Appendix B.
c. Storage heights shall not exceed 25 feet.
d. Hose stream demand includes 11/2-inch inside hand hose, when required.
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 pound per square inch = 6.895 kPa, 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/m, 1 gallon per minute per square foot = 40.75 L/min/m2.
a. This table shall not apply to racks with solid shelves.
b. When the installation uses extra-large orifice sprinklers, such spaces may be provided with a maximum 30-foot ceiling height provided minimum 7.5-foot aisles are maintained.
- Storage on shelves shall not exceed 6 feet (1829 mm) in height, and shelving shall be metal.
- Storage on pallets or in piles greater than 4 feet 6 inches (1372 mm) in height, or where the ceiling exceeds 18 feet (5486 mm) in height, shall be protected by a sprinkler system in accordance with FC Table 5704.3.6.3(4), and the storage heights and arrangements shall be limited to those specified in FC Table 5704.3.6.3(2).
- Storage on racks greater than 4 feet 6 inches (1372 mm) in height, or where the ceiling exceeds 18 feet (5486 mm) in height shall be protected in accordance with FC Tables 5704.3.6.3(5), 5704.3.6.3(6), 5704.3.6.3(7) and 5704.3.6.3(8) and the construction codes, including the Building Code as appropriate, and the storage heights and arrangements shall be limited to those specified in FC Table 5704.3.6.3(3).
|
TYPE OF LIQUID
|
NONSPRINKLERED AREA (feet)
|
SPRINKLERED AREA (feet)
|
SPRINKLERED BUILDINGSa, b
WITH IN-RACK PROTECTION
(feet)
|
| Flammable liquids: Class IA Class IB Class IC |
4 4
4
|
4 8
8
|
4 12
12
|
| Combustible liquids: Class II Class IIIA Class IIIB |
6 8
8
|
8 12
12
|
12 16
20
|
a In buildings protected throughout by a sprinkler system, the storage height for metallic containers shall not exceed the maximum height allowed by NFPA 30 based on the type of fire protection systems provided, or the maximum height as determined by the department based on a full-scale fire test, whichever is greater. These storage heights do not apply to storage of nonmetallic containers.
b. In-rack protection shall be in accordance with FC Table 5704.3.6.3(5), 5704.3.6.3(6), 5704.3.6.3(7) or 5704.3.6.3(8) and the construction codes, including the Building Code.
| CLASS | STORAGE LEVEL | MAXIMUM STORAGE HEIGHT | MAXIMUM QUANTITY PER PILE (gallons) |
MAXIMUM QUANTITY PER ROOMa (gallons) |
|
| Drums | Containersb (feet) |
Containers | Containers | ||
| IA | Ground floor Upper floors Basementse |
1 1 Not Allowed |
5 5 Not Allowed |
3,000 2,000 Not Allowed |
12,000 8,000 Not Allowed |
| IB | Ground floor Upper floors Basementse |
1 1 Not Allowed |
6.5 6.5 Not Allowed |
5,000 3,000 Not Allowed |
15,000 12,000 Not Allowed |
| IC | Ground floord Upper floors Basementse |
1 1 Not Allowed |
6.5c 6.5c Not Allowed |
5,000 3,000 Not Allowed |
15,000 12,000 Not Allowed |
| II | Ground floord Upper floors Basementse |
3 3 1 |
10 10 5 |
10,000 10,000 7,500 |
25,000 25,000 7,500 |
| III | Ground floor Upper floors Basementse |
5 5 3 |
20 20 10 |
15,000 15,000 10,000 |
50,000 50,000 25,000 |
a. See FC5704.3.8.1 for unlimited quantities in liquid storage warehouses.
b. In buildings protected throughout by a sprinkler system, the storage height for metallic containers shall not exceed the maximum height allowed by NFPA 30 based on the type of fire protection systems provided, or the maximum height as determined by the department based on a full-scale fire test, whichever is greater. These storage heights do not apply to storage of nonmetallic containers.
c. These height limitations are allowed to be increased to 10 feet for containers having a capacity of 5 gallons or less.
d. For palletized storage of unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) in relieving-style metal containers with 50 percent or less by weight Class IC or II liquid and no Class IA or IB liquid, height and pile quantity limits shall be allowed to be 10 feet and 15,000 gallons, respectively, provided that such storage is protected by sprinklers in accordance with NFPA 30 and that the UPR storage area is not located in the same containment area or drainage path for other Class I or II liquids.
e. Basements include cellars and other areas below grade.
| CLASS | TYPE RACK | STORAGE LEVEL | MAXIMUM STORAGE HEIGHT (feet)b |
MAXIMUM QUANTITY PER ROOMa (gallons) |
| Containers | Containers | |||
| IA | Double row or Single row |
Ground floor Upper floors Basements |
25 15 Not Allowed |
7,500 4,500 Not Allowed |
| IB IC |
Double row or Single row |
Ground floor Upper floors Basements |
25 15 Not Allowed |
15,000 9,000 Not Allowed |
| II | Double row or Single row |
Ground floor Upper floors Basements |
25 25 15 |
24,000 24,000 9,000 |
| III | Multirow Double room Single row |
Ground floor Upper floors Basements |
40 20 20 |
48,000 48,000 24,000 |
a. See FC5704.3.8.1 for unlimited quantities in liquid storage warehouses.
b. In buildings protected throughout by a sprinkler system, the storage height for metallic containers shall not exceed the maximum height allowed by NFPA 30 based on the type of fire protection systems provided, or the maximum height as determined by the department based on a full-scale fire test, whichever is greater. These storage heights do not apply to storage of nonmetallic containers.
| STORAGE CONDITIONS | CEILING SPRINKLER DESIGN AND DEMAND | MINIMUM HOSE STREAM DEMAND (gpm) |
MINIMUM DURATION SPRINKLERS AND HOSE STREAMS (hours) |
||||
| Class Liquid |
Container size and arrangement | Density (gpm/ft2) |
Area (square feet) | Maximum spacing (square feet) |
|||
| High-temperature sprinklers |
Ordinary temperature sprinklers |
||||||
| IA |
5 gallons or less, with or
without cartons, palletized or
solid pileb
|
0.30 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 100 | 750 | 2 |
|
Containers greater than 5
gallons, on end or side,
palletized or solid pile
|
0.60 | 5,000 | 8,000 | 80 | 750 | ||
| IB, IC and II |
5 gallons or less, with or
without cartons, palletized or
solid pileb
|
0.30 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 100 | 500 | 2 |
|
Containers greater than 5
gallons on pallets or solid pile,
one high
|
0.25 | 5,000 | 8,000 | 100 | |||
| II |
Containers greater than 5
gallons on pallets or solid pile,
more than one high, on end or
side
|
0.60 | 5,000 | 8,000 | 80 | 750 | 2 |
| III III |
5 gallons or less, with or
without cartons, palletized or
solid pile
|
0.25 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 120 | 500 | 1 |
|
Containers greater than 5
gallons on pallets or solid pile,
on end or sides, up to three high
|
0.25 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 120 | 500 | 1 | |
|
Containers greater than 5
gallons, on pallets or solid pile,
on end or sides, up to 18 feet
high
|
0.35 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 100 | 750 | 2 | |
a. The design area contemplates the use of Class II standpipe systems. Where Class I standpipe systems are used, the area of application shall be increased by 30 percent without revising density.
b. For storage heights above 4 feet or ceiling heights greater than 18 feet, an approved engineering design shall be provided in accordance with FC104.7.2.
| CLASS LIQUID |
CEILING SPRINKLER DESIGN AND DEMAND |
IN-RACK SPRINKLER ARRANGEMENT AND DEMAND | MINIMUM HOSE STREAM DEMAND (gpm) |
MINIMUM DURATION SPRINKLER AND HOSE STREAM (hours) |
||||||
| Density (gpm/ft2) |
Area (square feet) |
Maximum Spacing |
Racks up to 9 feet deep | Racks more than 9 feet to 12 feet deep |
30 psi (standard orifice) |
Number of sprinklers operating |
||||
| High- temperature sprinklers |
Ordinary Temperature Sprinklers |
14 psi (large orifice) |
||||||||
| I (maximum 25-foot height) Option 1 |
0.40 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 80 ft2/head |
1. Ordinary temperature,
quick-response
sprinklers, maximum
8 feet 3 inches
horizontal spacing
2. One line sprinklers above each level of storage
3. Locate in longitudinal
flue space, staggered vertical
4. Shields required where multilevel
|
1. Ordinary temperature,
quick-response
sprinklers,
maximum
8 feet 3 inches
horizontal spacing
2. One line
sprinklers
above each level of
storage
3. Locate in transverse
flue spaces, staggered vertical and within 20
inches of aisle
4. Shields required where multilevel
|
30 psi (0.5-inch orifice) |
1. Eight sprinklers if only one level
2. Six sprinklers each on two levels if only two levels
3. Six sprinklers each on top three levels, if three
or more levels
4. Hydraulically most remote
|
750 | 2 |
| I (maximum 25-foot height) Option 2 |
0.55 | 2,000b | Not Applicable |
100 ft2/head |
1. Ordinary temperature,
quick-response
sprinklers, maximum 8 feet 3 inches horizontal spacing
2. See 2 above
3. See 3 above
4. See 4 above
|
1. Ordinary temperature,
quick-response
sprinklers, maximum
8 feet 3 inches
horizontal spacing
2. See 2 above
3. See 3 above
4. See 4 above
|
14 psi (0.53-inch orifice) |
See 1 through 4 above | 500 | 2 |
| I and II (maximum 14-foot storage height) (maximum three tiers) |
0.55c | 2,000b, d | Not Applicable |
100 ft2/head | Not Applicable None for maximum 6-foot-deep racks |
Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | 500 | 2 |
| II (maximum 25-foot height) |
0.30 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 100 ft2/head |
1. Ordinary temperature
sprinklers 8 feet apart horizontally
2. One line sprinklers between levels at
nearest 10-foot
vertical intervals
3. Locate in longitudinal flue space, staggered vertical
4. Shields required where multilevel
|
1. Ordinary temperature
sprinklers 8 feet apart
horizontally
2. Two lines between
levels at nearest 10-
foot vertical intervals
3. Locate in transverse flue spaces, staggered vertical and within 20 inches of aisle
4. Shields required where multilevel
|
30 psi | Hydraulically most remote—six sprinklers at each level, up to a maximum of three levels |
750 | 2 |
| III (40-foot height) |
0.25 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 120 ft2/head | Same as for Class II liquids |
Same as for Class II liquids |
30 psi | Same as for Class II liquids |
500 | 2 |
a. The design area contemplates the use of Class II standpipe systems. Where Class I standpipe systems are used, the area of application shall be increased by 30 percent without revising density.
b. When the installation uses listed or approved extra-large orifices, high-temperature quick-response or standard element sprinklers, such spaces may be provided with a maximum 30-foot ceiling height provided minimum 7.5-foot aisles are maintained.
c. For friction lid cans and other metal containers equipped with plastic nozzles or caps, the density shall be increased to 0.65 gpm per square foot using listed or approved extra-large orifice, high-temperature quick-response sprinklers.
d. When the installation uses listed or approved extra-large orifice, high-temperature quick-response or standard element sprinklers, such spaces may be provided with a maximum 18-foot ceiling height provided minimum 7.5-foot aisles are maintained and only metal containers are stored.
| CLASS LIQUID | CEILING SPRINKLER DESIGN AND DEMAND |
IN-RACK SPRINKLER ARRANGEMENT AND DEMAND | MINIMUM HOSE STREAM DEMAND (gpm) |
MINIMUM DURATION SPRINKLER AND HOSE STREAM (hours) |
||||||
| Density (gpm/ ft2) |
Area (square feet) |
Maximum spacing |
On-side storage racks up to 9-foot-deep racks |
On-end storage (on pallets) up to 9-foot-deep racks |
Minimum nozzle Pressure |
Number of sprinklers operating |
||||
| High- temperature sprinklers |
Ordinary Temperature Sprinklers |
|||||||||
| IA (maximum 25-foot height) |
0.60 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 80 ft2/head |
1. Ordinary
temperature
sprinklers 8 feet
apart horizontally
2. One line sprinklers
above each tier of
storage
3. Locate in
longitudinal flue
space, staggered
vertical
4. Shields required
where multilevel
|
1. Ordinary
temperature
sprinklers 8 feet
apart horizontally
2. One line sprinklers
above each tier of
storage
3. Locate in
longitudinal flue
space, staggered
vertical
4. Shields required
where multilevel
|
30 psi |
Hydraulically most
remote—six
sprinklers at each
level
|
1,000 | 2 |
| IB, IC and II (maximum 25-foot height) |
0.60 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 100 ft2/head |
1. See 1 above
2. One line sprinklers
every three tiers of
storage
3. See 3 above
4. See 4 above
|
1. See 1 above
2. See 2 above
3. See 3 above
4. See 4 above
|
30 psi |
Hydraulically most
remote—six
sprinklers at each
level
|
750 | 2 |
| III (maximum 40-foot height) |
0.25 | 3,000 | 5,000 | 120 ft2/head |
1. See 1 above
2. One line sprinklers
every sixth level
(maximum)
3. See 3 above
4. See 4 above
|
1. See 1 above
2. One line sprinklers
every third level
(maximum)
3. See 3 above
4. See 4 above
|
15 psi |
Hydraulically most
remote—six
sprinklers at each
level
|
500 | 1 |
a. The design assumes the use of Class II standpipe systems. Where a Class I standpipe system is used, the area of application shall be increased by 30 percent without revising density.
| CLASS LIQUID | CEILING SPRINKLER DESIGN AND DEMAND |
IN-RACK SPRINKLER ARRANGEMENT AND DEMANDc | DURATION AFFF SUPPLY (minimum) |
DURATION WATER SUPPLY (hours) |
|||||
| Density (gpm/ft2) |
Area (square feet) |
On-end storage of drumson pallets, up to 25 feet |
Minimum nozzle pressure (psi) |
Number of Sprinklers Operating |
Hose stream demandd (gpm |
||||
| High- temperature Sprinklers |
Ordinary temperature sprinklers |
||||||||
| IA, IB, IC and II |
0.30 | 1,500 | 2,500 |
1. Ordinary temperature
sprinkler up to 10
feet apart horizontally
2. One line sprinklers
above each level of
storage
3. Locate in longitudinal flue
space, staggered vertically
4. Shields required for
multilevel |
30 | Three sprinklers per level |
500 | 15 | 2 |
a. System shall be a closed-head wet system with approved devices for proportioning aqueous film-forming foam.
b. Except as modified by this table, in-rack sprinklers shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 13, as modified by FC Appendix B.
c. Storage heights shall not exceed 25 feet.
d. Hose stream demand includes 11/2-inch inside hand hose, when required.
| STORAGE HEIGHT |
CEILING SPRINKLER DESIGN AND DEMAND | IN-RACK SPRINKLER ARRANGEMENT AND DEMAND | MINIMUM HOSE STREAM DEMAND (gpm) |
MINIMUM DURATION SPRINKLERS AND HOSE STREAM (hours) |
||||||
| Density (gpm/ft2) |
Area (square feet) |
Maximum spacing |
Racks up to 9 feet deep | Racks 9 to 12 feet |
Minimum nozzle pressure |
Number of sprinklers operating |
||||
| High temperature |
Ordinary Temperature |
|||||||||
| Maximum 20-foot storage height |
0.60 | 2,000b | Not Applicable |
100 ft2/head |
1. Ordinary temperature,
quick-response
sprinklers, maximum 8
feet 3 inches horizontal
spacing
2. One line of sprinklers at
the 6-foot level and the
11.5-foot level of storage
3. Locate in longitudinal
flue space, staggered
vertical
4. Shields required where multilevel
|
Not Applicable | 30 psi (standard orifice) or 14 psi (large orifice) |
1. Six sprinklers
each on two
levels
2. Hydraulically
most remote 12 sprinklers
|
500 | 2 |
a. This table shall not apply to racks with solid shelves.
b. When the installation uses extra-large orifice sprinklers, such spaces may be provided with a maximum 30-foot ceiling height provided minimum 7.5-foot aisles are maintained.
Combustible commodities shall not be stored above flammable and combustible liquids.
All containers of flammable liquids offered for sale shall bear a warning label in accordance with federal laws, rules and regulations, painted or printed on the container, cautioning that the liquid is flammable and must be kept away from heat and open flames.
The commissioner may require that aisle and storage plans be submitted to the department in accordance with FC Chapter 50.
Quantities of liquids exceeding those set forth in FC5704.3.4.1 for storage in control areas shall be stored in a liquid storage room complying with the requirements of this section and constructed and separated as required by the construction codes, including the Building Code.
The quantity limits and storage arrangements in liquid storage rooms shall be in accordance with FC Tables 5704.3.6.3(2) and 5704.3.6.3(3) and FC 5704.3.7.2.1 through 5704.3.7.2.3.
Where two or more classes of liquids are stored in a pile or rack section:
- The quantity in that pile or rack shall not exceed the smallest of the maximum quantities for the classes of liquids stored in accordance with FC Table 5704.3.6.3(2) or 5704.3.6.3(3); and
- The height of storage in that pile or rack shall not exceed the smallest of the maximum heights for the classes of liquids stored in accordance with FC Table 5704.3.6.3(2) or 5704.3.6.3(3).
Piles shall be separated from each other by at least 4-foot (1219 mm) aisles. Aisles shall be provided so that all containers are 20 feet (6096 mm) or less from an aisle. Where the storage of liquids is on racks, a minimum 4-foot-wide (1219 mm) aisle shall be provided between adjacent rows of racks and adjacent storage of liquids. Main aisles shall be a minimum of 8 feet (2438mm) wide. Additional aisles shall be provided for access to doors, required windows and ventilation openings, standpipe connections, mechanical equipment and switches. Such aisles shall be at least 3 feet (914 mm) in width, unless greater widths are required for separation of piles or racks, in which case the greater width shall be provided.
Containers and piles shall be separated by pallets or dunnage to provide stability and to prevent excessive stress to container walls. Adequate material-handling equipment shall be readily available and used to handle containers safely at upper tier levels.
Liquid storage rooms shall be provided with spill control and secondary containment in accordance with FC5004.2.
Liquid storage rooms shall be ventilated in accordance with FC5004.3.
Fire protection for liquid storage rooms shall comply with the requirements of FC 5704.3.7.5.1 and 5704.3.7.5.2.
Liquid storage rooms shall be protected throughout by sprinkler systems installed in accordance with FC Chapter 9, FC Tables 5704.3.6.3(4) through 5704.3.6.3(8) and FC Table 5704.3.7.5.1 and the construction codes, including the Building Code. In-rack sprinklers shall additionally comply with the requirements of NFPA 13, as modified by FC Appendix B, and the construction codes, including the Building Code. Foam fire extinguishing systems and aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) fire extinguishing systems shall not be used except when approved by the commissioner and the Commissioner of Buildings. Protection criteria developed from fire modeling or full-scale fire testing conducted at an approved testing laboratory are allowed in lieu of the protection as required in FC Tables 5704.3.6.3(2) through 5704.3.6.3(8) and FC Table 5704.3.7.5.1 and the construction codes, including the Building Code when approved by the commissioner and the Commissioner of Buildings.
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/m,1 gallon per minute per square foot = 40.75 L/min/m2, °C. = (°F-32)/1.8.
a. System shall be a closed-head wet system with approved devices for proportioning aqueous film-forming foam.
b. Ceiling heights shall not exceed 30 feet.
c. Hose stream demand includes 11/2-inch inside hand hose, when required.
| PACKAGE TYPE |
CLASS LIQUID |
CEILING SPRINKLER DESIGN AND DEMAND | STORAGE HEIGHT (feet) |
HOSE DEMAND (gpm)c |
DURATION AFFF SUPPLY (minimum) |
DURATION WATER SUPPLY (hours) |
||||
| Density (gpm/ft2) |
Area (square feet) |
Temperature rating |
Maximum spacing |
Orifice size (inch) |
||||||
| Cartoned | IB, IC, II and III | 0.40 | 2,000 | 286°F | 100 ft2/head | 0.531 | 11 | 500 | 15 | 2 |
| Uncartoned | IB, IC, II and III | 0.30 | 2,000 | 286°F | 100 ft2/head | 0.5 or 0.531 | 12 | 500 | 15 | 2 |
a. System shall be a closed-head wet system with approved devices for proportioning aqueous film-forming foam.
b. Ceiling heights shall not exceed 30 feet.
c. Hose stream demand includes 11/2-inch inside hand hose, when required.
A minimum of one portable fire extinguisher complying with the requirements of FC906 and having a rating of not less than 20-B shall be located not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) or more than 50 feet (15 240 mm) from any Class I or II liquid storage area located outside of a liquid storage room. A minimum of one portable fire extinguisher having a rating of not less than 20-B shall be located outside of, but not more than 10 feet (3048 mm) from, the door opening into a liquid storage room.
Buildings used for storage of flammable or combustible liquids in quantities exceeding those set forth in FC5704.3.4 for control areas and FC5704.3.7 for liquid storage rooms shall comply with the requirements of FC 5704.3.8.1 through 5704.3.8.5 and shall be constructed and separated as required by the construction codes, including the Building Code.
Except as may be limited by the commissioner at a particular premises in the interest of public safety, any amount of flammable and combustible liquids may be stored in a liquid warehouse as defined in NFPA 30. The arrangement of such storage shall be in accordance with FC Table 5704.3.6.3(2) or 5704.3.6.3(3).
Mixed storage shall be in accordance with FC5704.3.7.2.1.
Separation and aisles shall be in accordance with FC5704.3.7.2.2.
Liquid warehouses shall be provided with spill control and secondary containment as set forth in FC5004.2.
Liquid warehouses storing containers greater than 5 gallons (19 L) in capacity shall be ventilated in accordance with the Mechanical Code.
Liquid warehouses shall be protected throughout by sprinkler systems installed in accordance with FC Chapter 9 and FC Tables 5704.3.6.3(4) through 5704.3.6.3(8) and FC Table 5704.3.7.5.1, or NFPA 30. In-rack sprinklers shall additionally comply with the requirements of NFPA 13, as modified by FC Appendix B, and the construction codes, including the Building Code. Foam fire extinguishing systems and automatic aqueous film-forming foam fire extinguishing systems shall not be used except when approved. Protection criteria developed from fire modeling or full-scale fire testing conducted at an approved testing laboratory are allowed in lieu of the protection as required in FC Tables 5704.3.6.3(2) through 5704.3.6.3(8) and FC Table 5704.3.7.5.1 and the construction codes, including the Building Code, when approved by the commissioner and the Commissioner of Buildings.
In liquid warehouses, either 11/2-inch (38-mm) lined or 1-inch (25-mm) hard rubber hand hose lines shall be provided in sufficient number to reach all liquid storage areas and shall be in accordance with FC905 and the construction codes, including the Building Code.
Outdoor storage areas for portable containers of flammable and combustible liquids shall be designed, installed, operated and maintained in compliance with the requirements of FC5703, and 5704.4.1 through 5704.4.8.
Outdoor portable container storage areas shall be designed and constructed in accordance with approved design and installation documents.
Outdoor portable container storage areas shall be designed, installed, operated and maintained in accordance with FC Table 5704.4.2 and in compliance with the requirements of FC5704.4.2.1 through 5704.4.2.4.
For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 gallon = 3.785 L.
| CLASS OF LIQUID |
CONTAINER STORAGE— MAXIMUM PER PILE |
MINIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN PILES OR RACKS (feet) |
MINIMUM DISTANCE TO LOT LINEd (feet) |
MINIMUM DISTANCE TO PUBLIC STREET OR PRIVATE ROADd (feet) |
|
| Quantitya, b (gallons) |
Height (feet) |
||||
| IA IB IC II III |
1,100 2,200 4,400 8,800 22,000 |
10 12 12 12 18 |
5 5 5 5 5 |
50 50 50 25 10 |
10 10 10 5 5 |
- For mixed class storage, see FC5704.4.2.
- For storage in racks, the quantity limits per pile do not apply, but the rack arrangement shall be limited to a maximum of 50 feet in length and two rows or 9 feet in depth.
- Reserved.
- When the total quantity stored does not exceed 50 percent of the maximum allowed per pile, the distances are allowed to be reduced 50 percent, but not less than 3 feet.
Where two or more classes of liquids are stored in a single pile, the quantity in the pile shall not exceed the smallest of maximum quantities for the classes of material stored.
Outdoor portable container storage areas shall be provided with fire apparatus access in accordance with FC3605.3.1.
Reserved.
A maximum amount of 1,100 gallons (4163 L) of flammable and combustible liquids stored in portable containers may be stored adjacent to a building located on the same premises and under the same ownership, provided that:
- The building does not exceed one story in height. Such building shall be of fire-resistance-rated construction with noncombustible exterior surfaces or noncombustible construction and shall be used principally for the storage of liquids; or
- The exterior building wall adjacent to the storage area shall have a fire-resistance rating of not less than 2 hours, having no openings to above grade areas within 10 feet (3048 mm) horizontally of such storage and no openings to below grade areas within 50 feet (15 240 mm) horizontally of such storage.
The quantity of liquids stored adjacent to a building protected in accordance with FC5704.4.2.4(2) may exceed 1,100 gallons (4163 L), provided that the maximum quantity per pile does not exceed 1,100 gallons (4163 L) and each pile is separated by a 10-foot-minimum (3048 mm) clear space along the common wall. Where the quantity stored exceeds 1,100 gallons (4163 L) adjacent to a building complying with FC5704.4.2.4(1), or the provisions of FC5704.4.2.4(1) cannot be met, a minimum distance in accordance withthe column for distance to a lot line in FC Table 5704.4.2 shall be maintained between buildings and the nearest container.
Outdoor portable container storage areas shall be provided with spill control and secondary containment in accordance with FC5703.4.
Exception: Containers stored on approved containment pallets in accordance with FC5004.2.3 and containers stored in cabinets and lockers with integral spill containment.
Outdoor portable container storage areas shall be kept free from vegetation and other combustible waste as set forth in FC 5704.4.6.1 and 5704.4.6.2.
Rubbish and other combustible waste shall not be allowed to accumulate within 15 feet (4572 mm) of an outdoor portable container storage area.
The storage of empty containers previously used for the storage of flammable or combustible liquids shall be stored as required for filled containers. Containers when emptied shall have the covers or plugs immediately replaced in openings.
The handling and use of flammable and combustible liquids, including the dispensing and mixing of such liquids, shall be conducted in accordance with this chapter. Cargo tank and tank car loading and unloading and other special operations shall be conducted in accordance with FC5706.
Exception: Containers of organic coatings having no fire point and which are opened for pigmentation are not required to comply with the requirements of this section.
Liquid transfer equipment and methods for transfer of Class I, II and IIIA liquids shall be subject to the approval of the commissioner and conducted in compliance with the requirements of FC 5705.2.1 through 5705.2.7.
Gases shall not be used to pressurize containers or tanks to provide for transfer.
Piping, hoses and valves used in liquid transfer operations shall be subject to the approval of the commissioner or listed for the intended use.
Class I and II liquids or Class III liquids in containers exceeding 5.3 gallons (20 L) capacity that are at a temperature higher than 20°F (11°C) less than their flash points shall not be dispensed by gravity, but shall be transferred by one of the following methods:
Class I liquids and Class II or III liquids at a temperature higher than 20°F (11°C) less than their flash points shall not be transferred into containers unless the nozzle and containers are electrically interconnected. Acceptable methods of electrical interconnection include:
- Metallic floor plates on which containers stand while filling, when such floor plates are electrically connected to the fill stem; or
- Where the fill stem is bonded to the container during filling by means of a bond wire.
Container-filling operations for flammable liquids involving conveyor belts or other automatic-feeding operations shall be designed to prevent static accumulations.
When a portable container is used to dispense gasoline or other flammable or combustible liquids into portable fueled equipment or stationary fuel-burning equipment by means of pouring or other gravity dispensing, the individual capacity of the portable container shall not exceed 21/2 gallons (9.5 L), except as authorized by this code at construction sites.
Indoor use of flammable and combustible liquids, including the dispensing and mixing of such liquids, shall be in accordance with FC5705.2, and FC 5705.3.1 through 5705.3.5.3.
Vessels used for mixing or blending of flammable liquids and combustible liquids at a temperature higher than 20°F (11°C) less than their flash points shall be provided with self-closing, tight-fitting, noncombustible lids that will control a fire within such vessel.
Exception:
Where such devices are determined by the commissioner to be impractical, a fire extinguishing system shall be provided.
Where differences of potential could be created, vessels containing flammable liquids, or combustible liquids at a temperature higher than 20°F (11°C) less than their flash points shall be electrically connected by bond wires, ground cables, piping or similar means to a static grounding system to maintain equipment at the same electrical potential to prevent sparking.
Heating, lighting and cooking devices, equipment and systems which utilize flammable liquids shall not be operated indoors, and shall comply with the requirements of FC Chapters 3 and 33, as applicable.
Processing vessels shall be located with respect to distances to lot lines, in accordance with FC Tables 5705.3.4(1) and 5705.3.4(2). Processing vessels for flammable liquids shall be limited to not more than 550 gallons (2082 L). Processing vessels for Class II and IIIA combustible liquids shall be limited to not more than 1,100 gallons (4164 L). Processing vessels for Class IIIB combustible liquids shall be limited to not more than 20,000 gallons (75 700 L).
Exception: Where the exterior wall facing the adjoining lot line is a blank wall having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 4 hours, the commissioner may modify the distances. The distance shall not be less than that set forth in the construction codes, including the Building Code, and when Class IA or unstable liquids are involved, explosion control shall be provided in accordance with FC911.
For SI: 1 pound per square inch gauge = 6.895 kPa.
For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 gallon = 3.785 L
| PROCESSING VESSELS WITH EMERGENCY RELIEF VENTING |
LOCATION | |
| Stable liquids | Unstable liquids | |
| Not in excess of 2.5 psig | FC Table 5705.3.4(2) | two and one-half times FC Table 5705.3.4(2) |
| Over 2.5 psig | one and one-half times FC Table 5705.3.4(2) |
four times FC Table 5705.3.4(2) |
| TANK CAPACITY (gallons) |
MINIMUM DISTANCE FROM LOT LINE (feet) |
MINIMUM DISTANCE FROM A BUILDING, PUBLIC STREET OR PRIVATE ROAD (feet) |
| 275 or less | 5 | 5 |
| Over 275 to 750 | 10 | 5 |
| Over 750 to 12,000 | 15 | 5 |
| Over 12,000 to 20,000 | 20 | 5 |
Liquid use quantity limitations shall comply with the requirements of FC 5705.3.5.1 through 5705.3.5.3.
Indoor use of flammable and combustible liquids, including the dispensing and mixing of such liquids, shall not exceed the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in FC Table 5003.1.1(1) and shall not exceed the additional limitations set forth in FC5705.3.5.
Exceptions:
- Cleaning with Class I, II and IIIA liquids shall be in accordance with FC5705.3.
- Use of hazardous production material flammable and combustible liquids in Group H-5 occupancies shall be in accordance with FC Chapter 27.
The quantity of flammable or combustible liquid handled and used, including the quantity dispensed and mixed, shall be limited by occupancy as follows:
- Group A, B, E, F, I and S occupancies. Flammable and combustible liquids shall be handled and used only for lawful uses incidental to the occupancy, including maintenance and operation of equipment, and in quantities not to exceed those which are necessary for such use.
- Group M occupancies. Flammable and combustible liquids shall be handled and used only for lawful uses incidental to the occupancy, including maintenance and operation of equipment, and in quantities not to exceed those which are necessary for such use.
- Group R occupancies. Flammable and combustible liquids shall be handled and used only for maintenance and operation of equipment, and in quantities not to exceed those which are necessary for such use. Quantities used within a dwelling unit shall be for household uses only and in quantities below permit amounts. It shall be unlawful to handle or use gasoline or other flammable liquid motor fuel within a dwelling unit.
- Gasoline and other flammable liquid motor fuel. Gasoline and other flammable liquid motor fuel in portable containers in quantities requiring a permit is subject to the approval of the commissioner, regardless of the occupancy classification of the premises.
Quantities exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in FC 5705.3.5.1 and 5705.3.5.2 shall be in compliance with the following requirements:
- For open systems, indoor use of flammable and combustible liquids, including the dispensing and mixing of such liquids, shall be within a room or building complying with the construction codes, including the Building Code and FC 5705.3.7.1 through 5705.3.7.5.
- For closed systems, indoor use of flammable and combustible liquids, including the dispensing and mixing of such liquids, shall be within a room or building complying with the requirements of the construction codes, including the Building Code and FC 5705.3.7 through 5705.3.7.4 and 5705.3.7.6.
Cleaning with Class I, II and IIIA liquids shall be in accordance with this section.
Exceptions:
- Dry cleaning shall be in accordance with FC Chapter 21.
- Spray-nozzle cleaning shall be in accordance with FC2403.3.5.
Class IA liquids and gasoline shall not be used to clean facilities or for other maintenance purposes, except as authorized by this code or the rules in connection with commercial and industrial process-related operations. The cleaning with Class IB, IC or II liquids shall be conducted as follows:
- In a room or building in accordance with FC5705.3.7; or
- In a machine listed and approved for the purpose in accordance with FC5705.3.6.2.
Parts cleaning and degreasing conducted in listed and approved machines in accordance with FC5705.3.6.1 shall be in accordance with FC 5705.3.6.2.1 through 5705.3.6.2.7.
Solvents shall be classified and shall be compatible with the machines within which they are used.
The quantity of solvent shall not exceed the listed design capacity of the machine for the solvent being used with the machine.
Solvent quantities shall be limited as follows:
- Machines without remote solvent reservoirs shall be limited to quantities set forth in FC5705.3.5.
- Machines with remote solvent reservoirs using a Class IB or IC liquid shall be limited to quantities set forth in FC5705.3.5.
- Machines with remote solvent reservoirs using Class II liquids shall be limited to 35 gallons (132 L) per machine. The total quantities shall not exceed an aggregate of 240 gallons (908 L) per control area in buildings not protected throughout by a sprinkler system and an aggregate of 480 gallons (1817 L) per control area in buildings protected throughout by a sprinkler system.
- Machines with remote solvent reservoirs using Class IIIA liquids shall be limited to 80 gallons (303 L) per machine.
Work areas of machines with remote solvent reservoirs shall not be used for immersion soaking of parts.
Machines shall be located in areas adequately ventilated to prevent accumulation of vapors.
Machines shall be installed in accordance with their listings.
5705.3.7 Rooms or Buildings for Quantities Exceeding the Maximum Allowable Quantity Per Control Area
Where required by FC 5705.3.5.3 or 5705.3.6.1, rooms or buildings used for the handling and use of flammable and combustible liquids, including the dispensing and mixing of such liquids, shall be in accordance with FC 5705.3.7.1 through 5705.3.7.6.3.
Rooms or buildings classified in accordance with the Building Code as Group H-2 or H-3 occupancies based on use of flammable or combustible liquids, including the dispensing or mixing of such liquids, shall be constructed in accordance with the construction codes, including the Building Code.
In rooms or buildings classified in accordance with the Building Code as Group H-2 or H-3, dispensing or mixing of flammable or combustible liquids shall not be conducted in basements, cellars or other areas below grade.
Rooms or buildings classified in accordance with the construction codes, including the Building Code, as Group H-2 or H-3 occupancies shall be protected throughout by a sprinkler system.
Interior doors to rooms or portions of such buildings shall be self-closing fire doors in accordance with the construction codes, including the Building Code.
The handling and use of flammable and combustible liquids, including the dispensing and mixing of such liquids, in open systems shall be in accordance with FC 5705.3.7.5.1 through 5705.3.7.5.3.
Continuous mechanical ventilation shall be provided and shall comply with the requirements of the construction codes, including the Building Code and the Mechanical Code.
Spill control shall be provided in accordance with FC5703.4 where Class I, II or IIIA liquids are dispensed into containers exceeding a 1.3-gallon (5 L) capacity or mixed or used in open containers or systems exceeding a 5.3-gallon (20 L) capacity. Spill control and secondary containment shall be provided in accordance with FC5703.4 when the capacity of an individual container exceeds 55 gallons (208 L) or the aggregate capacity of multiple containers or tanks exceeds 100 gallons (378.5 L).
The handling and use of flammable or combustible liquids in closed containers, including the mixing of such liquids, shall be in accordance with FC 5705.3.7.6.1 through 5705.3.7.6.3.
Closed systems designed to be opened as part of normal operations shall be provided with ventilation in accordance with FC5705.3.7.5.1.
Spill control shall be provided in accordance with FC5703.4 when flammable or combustible liquids are dispensed into containers exceeding a 1.3-gallon (5 L) capacity or mixed or used in open containers or systems exceeding a 5.3-gallon (20 L) capacity. Spill control and secondary containment shall be provided in accordance with FC5703.4 when the capacity of an individual container or tank exceeds 55gallons (208 L) or the aggregate capacity of multiple containers or tanks exceeds 1,000 gallons (3785 L).
Outdoor handling and use of flammable and combustible liquids, including the dispensing of such liquids, shall be in accordance with FC 5705.3.8.1 through 5705.3.8.3.
Exception: Dispensing of liquids into motor vehicle fuel tanks at liquid motor fuel-dispensing facilities shall be in accordance with FC Chapter 23.
Outdoor handling and use of flammable and combustible liquids, including the dispensing areas for such liquids, shall be provided with spill control as set forth in FC5703.4.
Dispensing activities which exceed the quantities set forth in FC Table 5705.3.8.2 shall not be conducted within 15 feet (4572 mm) of buildings or combustible materials or within 25 feet (7620 mm) of building openings, lot lines, public streets or private roads. Dispensing activities that exceed the quantities set forth in FC Table 5705.3.8.2 shall not be conducted within 15 feet (4572 mm) of storage of Class I, II or III liquids unless such liquids are stored in tanks which are listed and labeled as 2-hour protected tank assemblies in accordance with UL 2085. The commissioner may impose by rule, or as a condition of a permit, additional restrictions on dispensing activities, including dispensing locations, dispenser requirements, container requirements and fire protection requirements, upon a determination that such additional restrictions are required in the interest of public safety.
Exceptions:
For SI: 1 gallon = 3.785 L.
a. For definition of "Outdoor Control Area," see FC202.
b. Reserved.
c. Containing not more than the maximum allowable quantity per control area of each individual class.
- The requirements shall not apply to areas where only the following liquids are dispensed: Class III liquids; liquids that are heavier than water; water-miscible liquids; and liquids with viscosities greater than 10,000 centipoise (cp).
- Flammable and combustible liquid dispensing in chemical plants, process facilities, oil blending and packaging facilities, bulk plants and terminals.
| CLASS OF LIQUID | QUANTITY (gallons) |
| Flammable Class IA
Class IB
Class IC
Combination Class IA, IB and IC
|
10 15 20 30c |
| Combustible Class II
Class IIIA
Class IIIB
|
30 80 3,300 |
a. For definition of "Outdoor Control Area," see FC202.
b. Reserved.
c. Containing not more than the maximum allowable quantity per control area of each individual class.
Processing vessels shall be located with respect to distances to lot lines in accordance with FC Table 5705.3.4(1).
Mobile trailers using fuel oil for heating and power generation shall comply with the requirements of the rules.
Solvent distillation units used to recycle Class I, II or IIIA liquids having a distillation chamber capacity of not more than 60 gallons (227 L) shall be listed, labeled and installed in accordance with FC5705.4 and UL 2208.
Exceptions:
- Solvent distillation units installed in dry cleaning facilities in accordance with FC Chapter 21.
- Solvent distillation units used in continuous through-put industrial processes where the source of heat is remotely supplied using steam, hot water, oil or other heat transfer fluids, the temperature of which is below the auto-ignition point of the solvent.
- Solvent distillation units listed for and used in laboratories.
- Approved research, testing and experimental processes.
Solvent distillation units used to recycle Class I, II or IIIA liquids, having a distillation chamber capacity exceeding 60 gallons (227 L) shall be used in locations that comply with the use and mixing requirements of FC5705 and other applicable provisions in this chapter.
It shall be unlawful to process Class I, II and IIIA liquids also classified as unstable (reactive) in solvent distillation units.
Solvent distillation units shall bear a permanent label indicating the capacity of the distillation chamber, the distance the unit shall be placed away from sources of ignition, and the products for which the unit has been listed for use.
The manufacturer's manual for the installation, operation and servicing of the solvent distillation unit shall be maintained on the premises, readily available to the user and for inspection by any department representative. In accordance with FC5003.4, safety data sheets shall be maintained on the premises for each flammable or combustible liquid used in the distillation unit.
Solvent distillation units shall be installed at locations in accordance with the listing for the unit. Solvent distillation units shall not be used in basements, cellars or other areas below grade.
Hazardous residue from the distillation process shall be stored in accordance with FC5704 and FC Chapter 50.
Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in accordance with FC906. At least one portable fire extinguisher having a rating of not less than 40-B shall be located not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) or more than 30 feet (9144 mm) from any solvent distillation unit.
Dispensers containing alcohol-based hand rubs classified as Class I or Class II liquids for use on the premises, shall be designed, installed, operated and maintained in accordance with FC 5705.5.1 through 5705.5.4. Storage, handling and use of alcohol-based hand rubs in dispensers or other containers for purposes other than use on the premises shall be in accordance with the provisions of this code applicable to flammable liquids generally.
Except as otherwise provided in FC5705.5.4, all dispensers installed or placed for use on the premises, including wall-mounted, floor-mounted or tabletop dispensers, shall comply with the following requirements:
- Dispensers shall be of the nonaerosol type.
- The maximum capacity of each dispenser shall be 68 fluid ounces (2.0 L).
- The maximum alcohol content shall not exceed 95 percent by volume.
- Dispensers shall either be disposable or designed to be refilled with a sealed refill.
- Dispensers shall not be installed or placed directly adjacent to, above or below any electrical receptacle, switch, appliance, device or other ignition source.
- Dispensers shall not release their contents except when the dispenser is manually activated. Dispensers manually activated by touch-free devices shall comply with the following requirements:
- The dispensing mechanism shall be tested in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions each time a new refill is installed.
- Dispensers shall be designed to minimize accidental or malicious activations of the dispensing device and shall have the following safety features:
- The dispenser shall activate only when an object isplaced within four inches of the sensing device.
- The dispenser shall not dispense more than the amount required for hand hygiene consistent with United States Food and Drug Administration labeling regulations.
- An object placed within the activation zone and left in place will cause only one activation.
Except as otherwise provided in FC 5705.5.4, wall-mounted dispensers shall be installed in compliance with the following requirements:
- The bottom of each wall-mounted dispenser shall be a minimum of 42 inches (1067 mm) and a maximum of 48 inches (1219 mm) above the finished floor.
- The wall space between the dispenser and the floor shall remain clear and unobstructed.
- The minimum separation between dispensers shall be 48 inches (1219 mm).
- The maximum capacity of each dispenser installed in a public hallway shall be 41 fluid ounces (1.21 L).
- The maximum quantity allowed in a public hallway within a control area shall be 10 gallons (38 L), unless the public hallway is protected throughout by a sprinkler system or a smoke detection system.
- Projections into a public hallway shall be in accordance with the construction codes, including the Building Code.
Storage of alcohol-based hand rubs in dispensers for use on the premises (excluding dispensers installed or placed for use) shall be in accordance with FC Table 5003.1.1(1), except as may be otherwise authorized by the department.
Storage, handling and use of alcohol-based hand rub dispensers in packaging not in compliance with FC5705.5.1, including dispensers with a capacity exceeding 68 fluid ounces (2 L) or dispensers of any size that must be manually refilled from a container, shall be stored, handled and used on a premises for use at such premises only as may be prescribed by rule and/or authorized by permit.
Flammable and combustible liquids shall be stored, handled and used in connection with special operations, including the following operations, in compliance with the requirements of this section:
- Storage and dispensing of flammable and combustible liquids at construction sites.
- Bulk plants or terminals.
- Bulk transfer and process transfer operations utilizing cargo tanks and tank cars.
- Cargo tanks and cargo tank operation.
- Vapor recovery and vapor-processing systems.
It shall be unlawful to dispense any flammable or combustible liquid from a cargo tank or tank car into the fuel tanks of motor vehicles, except for the transfer of liquids from a cargo tank to construction equipment at a construction site in accordance with FC5706.2.8.
Temporary storage and dispensing of flammable and combustible liquids at construction sites shall be in accordance with FC 5706.2.1 through 5706.2.8.
Exception:
Storage and use of fuel oil connected with nonportable oil-burning equipment regulated by the Mechanical Code.
Storage areas shall be kept free from weeds and other combustible waste. It shall be unlawful to smoke, or light or maintain an open flame in a flammable or combustible liquid storage area.
Tanks and containers for aboveground storage of liquids shall be conspicuously marked with the name of the product which they contain and the words: FLAMMABLE—KEEP FIRE AND FLAME AWAY. Tanks shall bear the additional marking: KEEP 50 FEET FROM BUILDINGS.
Flammable and combustible liquid shall only be stored in metal containers of a type meeting the requirements of the regulations of the United States Department of Transportation, as set forth in 49 CFR Part 178, or in containers of an approved design.
Discharge devices shall be of a type that do not develop an internal pressure on the container. Pumping devices or approved self-closing faucets used for dispensing liquids shall not leak and shall be well-maintained. Individual containers shall not be interconnected and shall be kept closed when not in use.
Containers stored outdoors shall be in accordance with FC5704 and the construction codes, including the Building Code.
The capacity of a storage tank temporarily installed aboveground containing flammable or combustible liquids shall not exceed 660 gallons (2498 L). Tanks shall be of the single-compartment design, shall be constructed of steel, and shall meet the requirements of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation regulations, as set forth in 6 NYCRR Part 613.
Fill openings shall be equipped with a locking closure device. Fill openings shall be separate from vent openings.
Tanks shall be provided with a method of normal and emergency venting. Normal vents shall also be in accordance with FC5704.2.7.3. Emergency vents shall be in accordance with FC5704.2.7.4. Emergency vents shall be arranged to discharge in a manner which prevents localized overheating or flame impingement on any part of the tank in the event that vapors from such vents are ignited.
Tanks containing flammable or combustible liquids shall be kept outdoors and at least 50 feet (15 240 mm) from buildings, combustible material and combustible waste. Additional distance shall be provided when necessary to ensure that vehicles, equipment and containers being filled directly from such tanks will not be less than 50 feet (15 240 mm) from structures or combustible storage.
Tanks shall be provided with top openings only.
Exception:
Aerial crane refueling operations when conducted in accordance with FC5706.2.5.2.
Tanks with top openings shall be mounted as follows:
- On well-constructed metal legs connected to shoes or runners designed so that the tank is stabilized and the entire tank and its supports can be moved as a unit; or
- For stationary tanks, on a stable base of timbers or blocks approximately 6 inches (152 mm) in height which prevents the tank from contacting the ground.
Tanks with top openings only shall be equipped with a tightly and permanently attached, approved pumping device having an approved hose of sufficient length for filling construction equipment or containers to be served from the tank. Either the pump or the hose shall be equipped with a padlock to its hanger to prevent tampering. An antisiphoning device shall be provided in the pump discharge unless a self-closing nozzle is used. Siphons or internal pressure discharge devices shall not be used.
Tanks with a connection in the bottom or the end for gravity-dispensing liquids for aerial crane refueling operations shall be mounted and equipped as follows:
- Support lugs used to elevate the tank for gravity discharge shall be designed to carry all required loads and provide stability.
- Bottom or end openings for gravity discharge shall be equipped with a valve located adjacent to the tank shell which will close automatically in the event of fire through the operation of a heat-activated releasing device. Where this valve cannot be operated manually, it shall be supplemented by a second, manually operated valve.
- The gravity discharge outlet shall be provided with an approved hose equipped with a self-closing valve at the discharge end of a type that can be padlocked to its hanger.
Indoor storage and dispensing areas shall be provided with spill control and drainage control as set forth in FC5703.4. Outdoor storage areas shall be provided with drainage control or diking as set forth in FC5704.2.10.
Where approved, liquids used as fuels are allowed to be transferred from cargo tanks into the fuel tanks of construction equipment at a construction site, subject to the following requirements:
- The cargo tank is used solely for the purpose of supplying fuel to construction equipment at a construction site.
- The dispensing hose does not exceed 100 feet (30 480 mm) in length.
- The dispensing nozzle is an approved type.
- The dispensing hose is properly placed on the approved reel or in a compartment provided before the cargo tank is moved.
- Signs prohibiting smoking and open flames within 25 feet (7620 mm) of the cargo tank and construction equipment being refueled are prominently posted on the cargo tank.
- Electrical devices and wiring in areas where fuel dispensing is conducted are in accordance with the Electrical Code.
- Cargo tank-dispensing equipment is operated only by a person holding a certificate of fitness.
- Provision has been made to control and mitigate the accidental or unauthorized release of flammable and combustible liquid.
- The cargo tank has a capacity of not more than 1,920 gallons (7267 L), and contains no Class IA liquid and not more than 640 gallons (2422 L) of any other Class I liquid.
- Dispensing is conducted at least 50 feet (15 240 mm) from buildings, structures, combustible material or combustible waste.
- A portable fire extinguisher with a minimum rating of 40-B:C shall be provided on the cargo tank with signage clearly indicating its location.
- Absorbent materials, nonwater-absorbent pads, a 10-foot-long (3048 mm) containment boom, an approved container with lid and a nonmetallic shovel shall be provided to mitigate a minimum 5-gallon (19 L) fuel spill.
- Operators of tank vehicles used for mobile fueling operations shall have in their possession at all times an approved means of notifying the department of a fire or other emergency.
- Fuel dispensing shall be prohibited within 25 feet (7620 mm) of any source of ignition.
- The engines of vehicles being fueled shall be shut off during dispensing operations.
- Nighttime fueling operations shall only be conducted in adequately lighted areas.
- The cargo tank shall be positioned with respect to the construction equipment being fueled so as to prevent vehicular traffic from driving over the delivery hose.
- During fueling operations, a cargo tank shall be secured from movement by setting the cargo tank's brakes and chocking the wheels, and the cargo tank's warning lights shall be activated.
Any premises in or upon which flammable and combustible liquids are received by marine vessels, watercraft, pipelines, tank cars or cargo tanks and which are stored or blended in bulk for the purpose of distributing such liquids by marine vessels, watercraft, pipelines, tanks cars, cargo tanks or containers shall be designed, installed, operated and maintained in accordance with FC 5706.4.1 through 5706.4.10.4.
Buildings and structures housing bulk plant or terminal materials, operations and facilities shall be constructed in accordance with the construction codes, including the Building Code.
A site plan of the bulk plant or terminal, indicating the location and dimensions of all buildings and structures housing bulk plan or terminal materials, operations and facilities, and all flammable and combustible liquid installations, shall be filed with the department, together with such other design and installation documents as the department may require.
Rooms in which flammable and combustible liquids are stored, handled or used shall be arranged such that occupants engaging in such handling and use have readily available access to a means of egress in the event of fire.
Rooms in which Class I liquids are stored, handled or used shall be heated only by means not constituting a source of ignition, such as steam or hot water.
Ventilation shall be provided for rooms, enclosures and other areas in buildings or structures in which Class I liquids are handled or used, including any pumping or transfer. Ventilation systems shall be designed in a manner that takes into consideration the relatively high specific gravity of the vapors. When natural ventilation is approved, adequate openings in outside walls at floor level, unobstructed except by louvers or coarse screens, shall be provided. When natural ventilation is not approved, mechanical ventilation shall be provided in accordance with the construction codes, including the Mechanical Code.
Class I liquids shall not be stored, handled or used within a building or structure having a basement, cellar or other area below grade into which flammable vapors can travel, unless such area is provided with ventilation designed to prevent the accumulation of flammable vapors therein.
Containers of Class I liquids shall not be drawn from or filled indoors unless a provision is made to prevent the accumulation of flammable vapors in hazardous concentrations. Where mechanical ventilation is required, it shall be kept in operation while flammable vapors could be present.
Except as otherwise provided in FC5706.4, storage of flammable and combustible liquids in bulk plants and terminals shall be in compliance with the applicable requirements of FC5704.
The distance between any part of an aboveground flammable or combustible liquid storage tank and the nearest lot line shall be as provided in FC Table 5706.4.5.1, except where FC 5706.4.5.1.1 through 5706.4.5.1.5 require a greater distance.
| TANK CAPACITY | MINIMUM DISTANCE (FEET) |
| ≤30,000 gallons | 20 |
| Over 30,000 to 50,000 gallons | 30 |
| Over 50,000 to 100,000 | 50 |
| Over 100,000 to 500,000 | 80 |
| Over 500,000 to 1,000,000 | 100 |
| Over 1,000,000 to 2,000,000 | 135 |
| Over 2,000,000 to 3,000,000 | 165 |
| Over 3,000,000 to 6,000,000 | 175 |
For vertical cylindrical tanks over 50,000 gallons (189 250 L) storing a flammable liquid, the distance shall not be less than the greater dimension of height or diameter of the tank, up to a maximum distance of 175 feet (53 340 mm).
For rectangular tanks over 50,000 gallons (189 250 L) storing a flammable liquid, the distance shall not be less than the total of the length and the width of the tank divided by two, up to a maximum distance of 175 feet (53 340 mm).
5706.4.5.1.3 Vertical Cylindrical Tanks Over 50,000 Gallons (189 250 L) Storing a Combustible Liquid
For vertical cylindrical tanks over 50,000 gallons (189 250 L) storing a combustible liquid, the distance shall not be less than 1/2 the greater dimension of height or diameter of the tank, up to a maximum distance of 175 feet (53 340 mm).
For rectangular tanks over 50,000 gallons (189 250 L) storing a combustible liquid, the distance shall not be less than the total of the length and the width of the tank divided by 4, up to a maximum distance of 175 feet (53 340mm).
Newly constructed tanks shall be in accordance with API 650. Repairs and alterations to existing tanks shall be in accordance with API 653.
The distance between any part of an aboveground storage tank and adjacent tanks shall be in accordance with FC Table 5706.4.5.2.
| ADJACENT TANK CAPACITY | MINIMUM DISTANCE (FEET) |
| ≤ 50,000 gallons | 3 |
| Over 50,000 to 100,000 gallons | 6 |
| Over 100,000 to 200,000 gallons | 12 |
| Over 200,000 gallons | 25 |
The maximum height of aboveground flammable and combustible liquid storage tanks shall not exceed 40 feet (12 192 mm).
Exception: Aboveground vertical cylindrical tanks storing combustible liquids shall not exceed 48 feet (14 630 mm) in height.
The maximum capacity of any aboveground tank used for storage of a flammable liquid shall not exceed 500,000 gallons (1892 500 L). The maximum capacity of any aboveground tank used for storage of combustible liquid shall not exceed 6,000,000 gallons (22 710 000 L).
No aboveground tank shall be installed within:
- 1,000 feet (304 800 mm) of the nearest wall of a building occupied as a school or hospital, or an entrance to or exit from a tunnel for motor vehicles, subway or railroad trains, or the ventilating buildings or shafts of such tunnels.
- 250 feet (76 200 mm) of any point under a bridge for pedestrians, motor vehicles, subway or railroad trains, a public park or a land zoned for residential purposes.
The maximum distance between the top and bottom plates of an underground flammable and combustible liquid storage tank shall not exceed 40 feet (12 192 mm).
Underground tanks shall be located such that the top plate thereof shall be at least 2 feet (610 mm) below the established grade. No such tank shall be buried within 10 feet (3048 mm) of any building or adjoining property line. Individual underground tanks shall be covered with 2 feet (610 mm) of earth or 4 inches (102 mm) of reinforced concrete extending 10 feet (3048 mm) beyond all the vertical walls of the tank, and the excavation made to receive the tank shall be backfilled with well-compacted clean sand or earth, free of any ash or other corrosive substance, and free from stones larger than will pass through a 1-inch (25-mm) mesh. Underground tanks may be erected in groups of 2 or more, when such tanks are separated by a space of 1 foot (305 mm), and provided the reinforced concrete top cover extends unbroken over the open space between the tanks.
Mounded-over tanks shall be considered underground tanks. A mounded-over tank may be erected with its base at any desired elevation not higher than the grade plane of the premises. It shall be enclosed with a steel, reinforced-concrete, or closed-face-concrete cribbing wall extending from the established grade to the top of the top cover, with the exterior face of the wall at least 10 feet (3048 mm) from the exterior face of the wall of the tank, and backfilled between the tank and the enclosing wall with compacted clean earth or sand containing no ash or other corrosive substance. The wall and backfill may be replaced with compacted similar fill, extending from theestablished grade to the level of the top cover on the tank, at the normal angle of repose of the material so used, with the provision that the width of the sloped material at the level of the top of the top cover shall be at least 10 feet (3048 mm) wide. When two or more mounded-over tanks, either rectangular or vertical-cylindrical, are grouped together, the tanks shall be at least 1 foot (305 mm) apart from each other, and the group of tanks shall be enclosed around the periphery with the same type of wall and backfill described above for one mounded-over tank.
Underground storage tanks used for storage of a flammable liquid shall not exceed 500,000 gallons (1892 500 L), except that the commissioner may approve the installation of underground tanks with a capacity not to exceed 6,000,000 gallons (22 710 000 L) where such greater capacity is determined to be necessary because of the capacity of the marine vessel, watercraft, pipeline or tank car delivering such liquid and where such increased capacity does not endanger the public safety.
Underground storage tanks used for storage of a combustible liquid shall not exceed 6,000,000 gallons (22 710 000 L). Such tanks may be compartmented; however, in no case shall any compartment exceed 4,000,000 gallons (15 140 000 L).
To prevent an overfill during the transfer of flammable or combustible liquid from a marine vessel, watercraft, pipeline, tank car, cargo tank or storage tank, each tank shall be equipped with an approved electrically operated overfill protection system. Such system shall be in accordance with API 2350.
Audible and visible alarms shall be activated automatically when the liquid level in the tank approaches 95 percent of tank capacity and again when it attains a level of 98 percent of tank capacity. This alarm shall be connected to both the marine vessel, watercraft, pipeline, tank car or cargo tank receiving point, as applicable, and to the facility dispatcher's office.
This section shall apply to all wharves, piers, bulkheads and other structures over or contiguous to navigable water having a primary function of transferring liquid cargo in bulk between shore installations and marine vessels and watercraft including barges, lighter boats or similar watercraft.
Exception: Marine liquid motor fuel-dispensing facilities designed, installed, operated and maintained in accordance with FC Chapter 23.
Handling packaged cargo of liquids, including full and empty drums, bulk fuel and stores, over a wharf during cargo transfer shall be subject to the approval and under the personal supervision of the bulk plant or terminal certificate of fitness holder and the senior deck officer on duty.
Wharves at which liquid cargoes are to be transferred in bulk quantities to or from marine vessels and watercraft shall be at least 100 feet (30 480 mm) from any bridge over a navigable waterway; or from any entrance to, or superstructure of, any vehicular or railroad tunnel under a waterway. The termination of the fixed piping used for loading or unloading at a wharf shall be at least 200 feet (60 960 mm) from a bridge or from an entrance to, or superstructures of, a tunnel.
Superstructure and decking shall be designed for the intended use. Decking shall be constructed of materials that will afford the desired combination of flexibility, resistance to shock, durability, strength and fire resistance.
It shall be unlawful to install, operate or maintain on wharfs any tanks containing flammable and combustible liquids.
Loading pumps capable of building up pressures in excess of the safe working pressure of cargo hose or loading arms shall be provided with bypasses, relief valves or other arrangements to protect the loading facilities against excessive pressure. Relief devices shall be tested at least annually to determine that they function satisfactorily at their set pressure.
Piping systems shall be in accordance with FC5703.6 except as otherwise provided as follows:
- Piping systems shall be designed to protect against physical damage resulting from the motion of the wharf from wave action, currents, tides or the mooring of marine vessels and watercraft.
- Pipe joints that depend on the friction characteristics of combustible materials or on the grooving of pipe ends for mechanical continuity of piping shall not be used.
- Swivel joints may be used in piping to which hoses are connected and for articulated, swivel-joint transfer systems, provided that the design of the swivel joints is such that the mechanical strength of the joint will not be impaired if the packing materials fail such as by exposure to fire.
- Each pipe used to convey Class I or II liquids leading to a wharf shall be provided with a readily accessible block valve located on shore near the approach to the wharf and outside of any diked area. Where more than one line is used to convey liquid, the valves shall be grouped in one location.
- Means shall be provided for ready access to cargo line valves located below the wharf deck.
- Piping systems shall contain a sufficient number of valves to operate the system properly and to control the flow of liquid both during normal operation and in the event of physical damage.
- Piping on wharves shall be bonded and grounded where Class I and II liquids are transported. If excessive stray current conditions exist, insulating joints shall be installed. Bonding and grounding connections on piping shall be located on the wharf side of hose riser insulating flanges, where used, and shall be accessible for inspection.
- Hose or articulated swivel-joint pipe connections used for cargo transfer shall be capable of accommodating the combined effects of change in draft and maximum tidal range, and mooring lines shall be kept adjusted to prevent surge of the marine vessel or watercraft from placing stress on the cargo transfer system.
- Hoses shall be supported to avoid kinking and physical damage, including damage from chafing.
- Piping, hoses, valves and fittings shall be constructed of steel. Valves shall be rated for not less than 150 pounds per square inch (psig)(1034 kPa).
Loading or unloading shall not commence until the bulk plant or terminal certificate of fitness holder and officer in charge of the marine vessel or watercraft agree that the marine vessel or watercraft has been properly moored and connections have been properly made.
Construction work shall not be performed on the wharf except as approved by the commissioner upon a determination that such work can be safely performed, and subject to such terms and conditions as the commissioner may prescribe in the interest of public safety.
Class I, II or IIIA liquids shall not be used, drawn or dispensed where flammable vapors can reach a source of ignition.
Loading and unloading areas shall be provided with drainage control in accordance with FC5704.2.10.
Fire hose connected to a water supply in a size appropriate for the water supply shall be provided in accordance with FC905 and the construction codes, including the Building Code, so that manifolds where connections are made and broken can be reached by at least one hose stream.
Material shall not be placed on wharves in such a manner that would obstruct access to firefighting apparatus or equipment or important pipeline or other delivery control valves.
An unobstructed fire apparatus access road to the shore end of the wharf shall be maintained in accordance with FC Chapter 5.
Aboveground tanks, mounded-over tanks, underground tanks, tank car loading and unloading racks, cargo tank loading racks, cargo tank unloading areas, marine vessel and watercraft loading and unloading areas and all other portions of a bulk plant or terminal shall be provided with fire extinguishing systems that are approved by the commissioner, inspected by a representative of the department and tested at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department. Such systems shall include an approved yard hydrant system and tank monitor nozzles.
A fire extinguishing system shall be provided over and under each cargo tank loading position. At least one remote control valve shall be provided to control the extinguishing agent for each three loading positions. Piping systems shall be installed so they can be thoroughly drained. The fire extinguishing system shall be sized to provide protection for the three largest adjacent loading positions.
Manual pull stations shall be provided at one or more approved locations that will automatically transmit a signal to the department via an approved central station.
Fire extinguishing systems, fire protection systems and tank overfill protection shall be tested once every 2 years at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department. Tests of foam extinguishing systems shall produce foam at the most remote tank and produce water flow at each tank. In the event that the discharge of foam to the most remote tank would result in a reportable hazardous material release in accordance with federal, state or local laws, rules or regulations, such other test acceptable to the commissioner may be conducted.
Fire protection systems shall be color-coded and labeled in accordance with FC 5706.4.10.8.1 through 5706.4.10.8.2. Copies of the color code shall be posted in all central locations for fire extinguishing media, such as the foam house location.
Fire protection systems shall be color-coded as follows:
- Standpipe and/or yard hydrant systems:
- Piping, valve bodies and handles, hydrants and hydrant or hose houses: Red with contrasting white bands.
- Fire department connections: Red.
- Sprinkler systems (wet or dry):
- Piping and valve bodies and handles: Red with contrasting bright green bands.
- Fire department connections: Red with green caps.
- Nonautomatic sprinkler systems (including fog spray systems):
- Piping and valve bodies and handles: Red with contrasting aluminum bands.
- Fire department connections: Aluminum.
- Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems—piping, valve bodies and handles: Red with contrasting brown bands.
- Steam extinguishing systems—piping, valve bodies and handles: Red with contrasting black bands.
- Foam extinguishing systems:
- Piping, valve bodies and handles, hydrants and hydrant or hose houses: Red with contrasting bright orange bands.
- Department water connections: Red. A durable sign that reads "WATER FOR FOAM SYSTEM," shall be conspicuously posted immediately adjacent to such connections.
- Department foam connection: Red with contrasting bright orange band or caps. A durable sign that reads "CHEMICAL FOAM DIRECT TO TANKS" or "...% MECHANICAL FOAM SOLUTION DIRECT TO TANKS," shall be conspicuously posted immediately adjacent to such connections.
Bands, or piping immediately adjacent to bands, shall be labeled to indicate the names of the extinguishing media. The letters shall be in a contrasting color of a suitable size in proportion to the pipe diameters. The width of each band shall be not less than the pipe diameter and shall be spaced not more than 30 feet (9144 mm) apart. Bands, lettering and piping shall be painted in sun-and weather-resistant colors and paint; but bands and lettering may be applied by means of pressure sensitive tape that is sun-and weather-resistant.
Bulk plants and terminals, including transfer operations, shall be continuously under the personal supervision of a person holding a certificate of fitness for such facility. Such supervision shall satisfy the certificate of fitness supervision requirements of this code for all fire protection systems at the facility, including standpipe systems, sprinkler systems, yard hydrant systems and foam systems.
Bulk plants and terminals storing petroleum products and petroleum product pipelines operating within the city shall provide oil-absorbent material, oil-dispersant material, booms and other such material and equipment for the control and remediation of oil spills in such quantity and at such locations as set forth in FC 5706.4.13.1 through 5706.4.13.4.
Exceptions:
- Bulk plants and terminals storing petroleum products when such facility has in place a spill prevention control and countermeasure plan meeting the requirements of United States Environmental Protection Agency regulations, as set forth in 40 CFR Part 112.
- Petroleum product pipelines when such pipeline operator has in place for its New York City operations a response plan for onshore oil pipelines meeting the requirements of United States Department of Transportation regulations, as set forth in 49 CFR Part 194.
Oil spill clean-up materials and equipment shall be stored for use at each bulk plant and terminal and locations designated for pipeline operations in accordance with FC Table 5706.4.13.1, the rules or as a condition of the permit for the facility.
|
MATERIAL OR
EQUIPMENT
|
TOTAL PETROLEUM PRODUCT STORAGE
|
|||
|
1,000,000 GALLONS OR
LESS
|
5,000,000 GALLONS OR
LESS
|
10,000,000 GALLONS OR
LESS OR PIPELINE
OPERATION
|
OVER 10,000,000
GALLONS
|
|
| Absorbent material to recover |
3,000 gallons
|
5,000 gallons
|
10,000 gallons0
|
20,000 gallons
|
| Boom |
300 feet
|
300 feet plus enough to encircle marine vessel or watercraft, including barges which may be loading or unloading at the premises |
||
Adequate storage facilities, materials-handling equipment and personnel shall be provided by the bulk plant and terminal or pipeline operator. Such materials-handling equipment and personnel shall be continuously available to properly deploy and apply the materials and equipment specified in FC5706.4.13.1.
The commissioner may approve the utilization of an oil spill clean-up service as a "back-up" spill mitigation measure, authorizing the material quantities to be reduced by 2/3 of those specified in FC Table 5706.4.13.1, but to a quantity not less than 3,000 gallons (11 356 L) of absorbent material and 300 feet (91 440 mm) of boom, and subject to the following conditions:
- A responsible officer of the bulk plant and terminal or pipeline operation shall submit a sworn affidavit identifying the oil spill clean-up service with which it has contracted to perform such services, averring that such oil spill clean-up service meets the standards set forth in FC5706.4.13.4 and setting forth the nature of the services to be rendered.
- The department shall be notified, in writing, within 10 business days of the date when the utilization of the clean-up service is cancelled or the service goes out of business.
- Such approval may be rescinded by the commissioner for good cause for failure of the spill clean-up service to timely respond to an oil spill, to have adequate equipment, materials or personnel, or to obey or cooperate with the department representatives in charge of the scene of the oil spill.
An oil spill clean-up service may be retained by a bulk plant, bulk terminal or pipeline operation pursuant to FC5706.4.13.3 provided it is capable of meeting the following standards:
- It maintains the stockpile of material and equipment required by FC5706.4.13.1 for storage of over 10,000,000 gallons (37 850 000 L) of petroleum products, regardless of the amount of petroleum products actually stored at the contracting bulk plants, bulk terminals or pipelines.
- A supervisor will respond to the spill site within 1 hour from time of notification.
- It is capable of delivering, on a 24-hour, 7-day-a-week basis, sufficient materials, equipment and personnel to the contracting bulk plant, bulk terminal or pipeline within 2 hours from time of notification.
- Such service is licensed and operated in accordance with all applicable federal, state and local laws.
All dike walls shall be of steel or reinforced concrete, designed to be liquid-tight and to withstand a full hydraulic head, and constructed so as to afford ready access. Where stairways or other similar means are required to afford such access, they shall be constructed of steel or other approved noncombustible material.
Each single dike wall enclosure shall have a capacity equal to 110 percent of the tank's capacity. Tanks arranged in groups with a total capacity not exceeding 500,000 gallons (1892 500 L) may be enclosed in a single dike wall enclosure. Each group tank dike area shall have a net capacity not less than that of the largest tank plus 10 percent of the aggregate capacity of all other tanks served by the dike enclosure. That portion of the surface occupied by tank or tanks shall be included when computing the diked area.
Tank and piping shall be tested at the time of installation at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department as follows:
- Aboveground, underground and mounded-over tanks shall be filled to capacity with water and maintained for not less than 24 hours.
- Piping shall be hydrostatically tested to a pressure of 100 pounds per square inch (psig)(689.5 kPa) or 150 percent of the maximum operating pressure, whichever is greater, for 30 minutes.
Underground piping shall be tested once every 10 years at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department. Such test shall be made at 100 pounds per square inch (psig)(689.5 kPa) or 150 percent of the maximum operating pressure, whichever is greater, for 30 minutes.
Bulk transfer and process transfer operations shall be subject to the approval of the commissioner and be conducted in compliance with the requirements of FC 5706.5.1 through 5706.5.18.3, except that liquid motor fuel-dispensing facilities shall comply with the requirements of FC Chapter 23.
Bulk transfer and process transfer operations shall be conducted in approved locations. Tank cars shall be unloaded only on private sidings or railroad-siding facilities equipped for transferring flammable or combustible liquids. Cargo tank and tank car transfer facilities shall be separated from buildings, aboveground tanks, combustible materials, lot lines, public streets and private roads by a distance of 25 feet (7620 mm) for flammable liquids and 15 feet (4572 mm) for combustible liquids measured from the nearest position of any loading or unloading valve or connection. Buildings for pumps or shelters for personnel shall be considered part of the transfer facility.
Where weather protection canopies are provided, they shall be constructed in accordance with FC5004.13. Weather protection canopies shall not be located within 15 feet (4572 mm) of a building or combustible material or within 25 feet (7620 mm) of building openings, lot lines, public streets or private roads.
Ventilation shall be provided to prevent accumulation of vapors in accordance with FC5705.3.7.5.1.
Sources of ignition shall be controlled or eliminated in accordance with FC5003.7.
Areas where transfer operations are located shall be provided with spill control and secondary containment in accordance with FC5703.4. The spill control and secondary containment system shall have a design capacity capable of containing the capacity of the largest tank compartment located in the area where transfer operations are conducted. Containment of the rainfall volume specified in FC5004.2.2.6 is not required.
Fire protection shall be in accordance with FC5706.4.10.5.
Static protection shall be provided to prevent the accumulation of static charges during transfer operations. Bonding facilities shall be provided during the transfer through open domes where flammable liquids are transferred, or where combustible liquids are transferred into cargo tanks or tank cars which could contain vapors from previous cargoes of flammable liquids. Protection shall consist of a metallic bond wire permanently electrically connected to the fill stem. The fill pipe assembly shall form a continuous electrically conductive path downstream from the point of bonding. The free end of such bond wire shall be provided with a clamp or equivalent device for convenient attachment to a metallic part in electrical contact with the cargo tank or tank car. For cargo tanks, protection shall consist of a flexible bond wire of adequate strength for the intended service and the electrical resistance shall not exceed 1 megohm. For tank cars, bonding shall be provided where the resistance of a tank car to ground through the rails is 25 ohms or greater. Such bonding connection shall be fastened to the cargo tank or tank car before dome covers are raised and shall remain in place until filling is complete and all dome covers have been closed and secured.
Exceptions:
- Where cargo tanks or tank cars are loaded exclusively with products not having a static-accumulating tendency, such as asphalt, cutback asphalt, most crude oils, residual oils and water-miscible liquids.
- When flammable liquids are not handled at the transfer facility and the cargo tanks are used exclusively for combustible liquids.
- Where cargo tanks or tank cars are loaded or unloaded through closed top or bottom connections when the hose is conductive.
Filling through open domes into the tanks of cargo tanks or tank cars that contain vapor-air mixtures within the flammable range, or where the liquid being filled can form such a mixture, shall be by means of a downspout which extends to near the bottom of the tank. It shall be unlawful to fill a cargo tank or tank car with gasoline through an open dome.
Tank car loading facilities where Class I, II or IIIA liquids are transferred through open domes shall be protected against stray currents by permanently bonding the pipe to at least one rail and to the transfer apparatus. Multiple pipes entering the transfer areas shall be permanently electrically bonded together. In areas where excessive stray currents are known to exist, all pipes entering the transfer area shall be provided with insulating sections to isolate electrically the transfer apparatus from the pipelines.
When top loading a cargo tank with Class Iand II liquids without vapor control, valves used for the final control of flow shall be of the self-closing type and shall be manually held open except where automatic means are provided for shutting off the flow when the tank is full. When used, automatic shutoff systems shall be provided with a manual shutoff valve located at a safe distance from the loading nozzle to stop the flow if the automatic system fails. When top loading a cargo tank with vapor control, flow control shall be in accordance with FC5706.5.10. Self-closing valves shall not be tied or locked in the open position.
When bottom loading a cargo tank or tank car with or without vapor control, a positive means shall be provided for loading a predetermined quantity of liquid, together with an automatic secondary shutoff control to prevent overfill. The connecting components between the transfer equipment and the cargo tank or tank car required to operate the secondary control shall be functionally compatible.
When bottom loading a cargo tank, the coupling between the liquid loading hose or pipe and the cargo tank piping shall be a dry disconnect coupling.
When bottom loading a cargo tank or tank car that is equipped for vapor control and vapor control is not required or used for the product being loaded, the tank shall be vented to the atmosphere to prevent pressurization of the tank. Such venting shall be at a height equal to or greater than the top of the cargo tank or tank car.
Connections to the plant vapor control system shall be designed to prevent the escape of vapor to the atmosphere when not connected to a cargo tank or tank car.
Vapor recovery and processing equipment at bulk plants and terminals shall comply with the requirements of FC5706.8.
Cargo tanks or tank cars which have previously contained flammable liquids shall not be loaded with combustible liquids until such tanks or cars and all piping, pumps, hoses and meters connected thereto have been completely drained and flushed.
Where provided, loading racks, stairs or platforms shall be constructed of noncombustible materials. Buildings for pumps or for shelter of loading personnel are allowed to be part of the loading rack. Wiring and electrical equipment located within 25 feet (7620 mm) of any portion of the loading rack shall be in accordance with FC5703.1.1.
Bulk and process transfer apparatus shall be of an approved type.
Cargo tanks and tank cars shall not be located indoors while transferring flammable or combustible liquids.
Exception:
Cargo tanks are allowed under weather protection canopies and canopies of automotive liquid motor fuel-dispensing facilities.
Cargo tanks and tank cars shall be certified and permitted in accordance with this section.
Certification shall be maintained for cargo tanks and tank cars in accordance with the regulations of the United States Department of Transportation, as set forth in Parts 100-180.
It shall be unlawful for any person to load a cargo tank with any flammable liquid or Class II or IIIA combustible liquid or to receive or accept delivery of such products in or from a cargo tank, except in or from a cargo tank for which a department permit has been issued and is displayed pursuant to the provisions of FC Chapter 50. The provisions of this section shall not prohibit the loading of a cargo tank with any liquid products with a flash point over 200°F (93°C) nor the receiving or acceptance of delivery from a cargo tank of any liquid products with a flash point over 200°F (93°C), provided that such cargo tank is designed, constructed, and equipped in accordance with the regulations of the United States Department of Transportation governing the transportation of dangerous articles by common, contract, private and proprietary carriers engaged in interstate commerce.
Cargo tanks and tank cars shall be secured from movement during loading and unloading operations by setting the cargo tank's or tank car's brakes and by chocking or blocking the wheels. At least two wheel chocks not less than 5 inches by 5 inches by 12 inches (127 mm by 127 mm by 305mm) in size and dished to fit the contour of the tires shall be used for cargo tanks.
Motors of cargo tanks or tank cars shall be shut off during the making and breaking of hose connections and during the unloading operation except when unloading is performed with a pump deriving its power from the cargo tank motor.
During process transfers, piping, valves, hoses and fittings which are not a part of the cargo tank or tank car shall be designed and installed in accordance with FC5703.6. Caps or plugs which prevent leakage or spillage shall be provided at all points of connection to transfer piping.
Approved automatically or manually activated shutoff valves shall be provided where the transfer hose connects to the process piping, and on both sides of any exterior fire-resistance-rated wall through which the piping passes. Manual shutoff valves shall be arranged such that they are readily accessible from grade. Valves shall not be locked in the open position.
Hydrostatic pressure-limiting or relief devices shall be provided where pressure buildup in trapped sections of the system could exceed the design pressure of the components of the system. Devices shall relieve to other portions of the system or to another approved location.
Antisiphon valves shall be provided when the system design would allow siphonage.
Reserved.
Reserved.
Vapor recovery and processing systems installed at bulk plants and terminals, including systems associated with piping, loading racks, dikes, fire detection and fire protection equipment, shall be designed, installed, operated and maintained in accordance with FC 5706.8.1 through 5706.8.3. Such compliance shall be required for all vapor recovery processing systems, whether installed voluntarily or pursuant to the requirements of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, United States Coast Guard or New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. The requirements of FC 5706.8 through 5706.8.3 apply to both new and existing facilities.
Vapor recovery and processing systems shall comply with the requirements of NFPA 30, except as otherwise provided in this section, the regulations of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, United States Coast Guard and New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, as applicable, and the following general requirements:
- Electrical equipment shall comply with the requirements of the Electrical Code. Upon request, proof of compliance with the Electrical Code shall be filed with the department.
- The installation of any refrigerating system shall comply with the requirements of FC Chapter 6 and the Mechanical Code.
- All tanks and piping shall be grounded. Static bonding connections shall be made between loading arm, vehicle and vapor recovery unit. An interlock shall be provided to prevent pumping operations until properly grounded.
- All product pumps and compressors shall be of a type approved for such use.
- Pressure vessels shall conform to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. The manufacturer data sheet for the pressure vessel shall be maintained on the premises and made available for inspection to any representative of the department.
- Knock-out vessels shall be provided with a high liquid level sensor that will initiate shutdown of the liquid transfer into the vessel and the vapor recovery or processing system.
- A flame arrestor and mist eliminator element shall be provided at final emission vent.
- A fire detection system shall be provided that will initiate shutdown of the vapor recovery and processing system in the event of fire.
- An annunciator panel with audible and visible alarms shall be provided in the dispatcher's office. The annunciator panel shall monitor and shut down the vapor recovery and processing system upon any equipment malfunction, including a malfunction of the fire detection system.
- Insulation material shall be noncombustible.
- Lightning protection shall be provided in accordance with NFPA 780.
- Pressure relief valves shall be provided on all pressure vessels and wherever else required by the system design, and shall be sized in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Pressure relief valves shall discharge to a safe location. No shutoff valve shall be installed in the line of relief. Tanks and equipment shall have independent venting for over-pressure or vacuum conditions that might occur from malfunction of the vapor recovery or recovery unit.
- A reinforced concrete base shall be provided and approved by the agency having jurisdiction.
- Vapor recovery and processing systems shall be placed in an unpierced dike of such construction and capacity as the commissioner may prescribe. No drains shall be allowed, and any drain pump used shall be manually activated.
- Vapor recovery and processing systems shall be installed at least 25 feet (7620 mm) from bulk storage tanks, warehouses, loading racks, dispatchers' offices, transfer facilities, buildings housing fire protection systems, central heating plants or electrical distribution systems, other plant buildings, building lines and adjoining lot lines. When vessels in the vapor recovery and processing system operate in excess of 50 pounds per square inch gauge (psig)(345 kPa), but less than 150 pounds per square inch gauge (psig)(1034 kPa), the minimum distance shall be 50 feet (15 240 mm), unless a protective structure, such as masonry or concrete fire wall, is installed in the line of sight between such vessel and the exposure, in which case the minimum distance of 25 feet (7620 mm) shall be applicable.
- Vents on vapor-processing equipment shall be not less than 15 feet (4572 mm) from ground level, with outlets located and directed so that flammable vapors will disperse to below the lower flammable limit (LFL) before reaching a potential ignition source.
- The vapor recovery and processing system shall be protected from physical damage, including damage by motor vehicles utilizing dikes, posts, or other approved means.
- The entire vapor recovery and processing system shall be inspected for proper operation on a periodic basis, but not less than once every 6 months, by a qualified person. Such inspection shall be documented in a log book maintained at the facility for such purpose.
- Durable signs reading "DANGER—NO SMOKING, MATCHES, OPEN LIGHTS OR SPARKING DEVICES AT THIS EQUIPMENT" shall be conspicuously posted at or near the vapor recovery and processing system in addition to the "No Smoking" signs required throughout the facility.
- One or more foam hydrants, yard hydrants, monitor nozzles and portable fire extinguishers having a minimum 40-B:C rating, shall be provided within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of the vapor recovery and processing system and shall be readily available for use.
- All piping associated with a vapor recovery and processing system, including piping connecting such system to storage tanks, shall be hydrostatically tested to a pressure of 100 pounds per square inch gauge (psig)(690 kPa) or one and one-half (1.5) times the maximum working pressure, whichever is greater, for a period of 2 hours, and shall show no leaks. Such hydrostatic testing shall be conducted at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department. In lieu of such hydrostatic testing, the commissioner may accept an affidavit from the manufacturer attesting to the integrity of piping integral to the vapor recovery and processing system.
- Where a storage tank is connected to a vapor recovery and processing system, a mist eliminator shall be provided in the vapor line at or adjacent to the tank to remove entrained liquid and return same to the tank or an approved collection system.
- The vapor recovery and processing system shall be designed to minimize and dissipate static electricity in accordance with NFPA 77.
A vapor condenser system shall be placed in an unpierced dike or within a concrete trench of adequate width and depth to hold at least 1 hour's vapor recovery.
Absorption vapor recovery and processing systems shall comply with the following requirements:
- A lean oil storage tank shall be protected by a foam fire extinguishing system.
- The entire vapor recovery and processing system, including the lean oil storage tank, shall be placed in an unpierced dike. The height of the dike shall be based upon the size of the lean oil storage tank and shall have a capacity of at least 110 percent of such tank, but in any event not less than the maximum pumping capacity of the system for 20 minutes of operation.
- Heaters used shall be of a type approved for such use and shall be equipped with an automatic shutoff device that activates upon reaching the high temperature limit for the absorption vapor recovery and processing system.
- All absorbers, saturators, heat exchangers and condensers shall conform to ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code and the provisions of FC Chapter 53.
- A relief valve shall be provided for compressors, stripper columns and other pressure vessels.
- Lean oil tanks and vapor vessels shall be constructed and installed in accordance with this chapter and API 650.
- Upon installation, a vapor vessel bladder shall be pneumatically tested at one and one quarter times the maximum operating pressure for 4 hours without leakage. A retest shall be performed annually. All such tests shall be conducted at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department.
Loading rack systems shall be designed, installed, operated and maintained in accordance with the following requirements:
- Any vapor recovery and processing system used in connection with a loading rack system shall comply with the requirements of FC 5706.8.1 through 5706.8.3.
- Loading racks shall be protected throughout by a fire extinguishing system as set forth in FC5706.4.10.5.1.
- Cargo tanks loaded at bulk plants or terminals shall be compatible with all safety features incorporated into the loading rack.
- Dry-break adapters conforming to API standards shall be provided on the fill and vapor recovery lines. During loading, each cargo tank compartment shall be sealed except for the dry-break fill coupling and vapor recovery line.
- An interlock shall be provided to prevent loading when the cargo tank vehicle motor is running and to prevent start up of the cargo tank vehicle motor during loading. Such interlock device shall further prevent the vehicle motor from starting before the product fill line and vapor return line have been disconnected.
- An interlock device shall be provided so that no loading may take place unless the vapor recovery line is properly connected to the cargo tank.
- Except when loading, protective caps shall cover all dry-break adapters as protection against the elements and physical damage from impact.
- No more than three compartments shall be loaded at a time.
- A two-stage preset meter shall be provided for each loading arm. Loading arms shall be equipped with manual or electronic dead-man control valves.
- All electrical equipment shall be suitable for use in hazardous locations. The design of the electronic sending device shall be such that a source of higher voltage or current cannot be connected to same.
- An approved overfill prevention system shall be provided at the loading rack and shall be designed to ensure at least 1 percent vapor space per compartment. In no event shall the vapor space in a compartment be less than 40 gallons (151 L) in capacity.
- A liquid detector shall be provided in the vapor return line, to automatically shut off the loading system if liquid reaches the vapor line.
- All components of the fill and vapor recovery loading arm assemblies making contact with the cargo tank, including the loading head, shall be constructed of sparkproof material.
- The fill line and the vapor recovery line in loading arm assemblies shall be of the same diameter. The maximum velocity in any liquid line shall not exceed 15 feet per second (4572 mm per second).
- The fill line and vapor recovery line in loading arm assemblies shall be constructed of rigid steel, except that flexible hose may be used for fill or vapor recovery loading assemblies provided that such hose is no longer in length than necessary, has an inner diameter no greater than 4 inches (102 mm), is of steel construction and is rated for not less than 800 pounds per square inch gauge (psig)(5617 kPa).
- Cargo tanks shall not be filled with flammable or combustible liquids unless one or more devices, equipment or systems are provided to immediately shut down the flow of such liquid in the event of cargo tank overfilling, faulty dome seal, cargo tank pressure exceeding 3 pounds per square inch gauge (psig)(21.7 kPa) and electrical grounding fault.
- The loading arm assembly shall be grounded.
- The loading arm assembly shall be designed to break away from the cargo tank without rupture should the cargo tank move with the loading arm still in place.
- All liquid and vapor piping at the loading arm assembly shall be hydrostatically tested to a pressure of 100 pounds per square inch gauge (psig)(690 kPa) or one and one-half (1.5) times the maximum working pressure, whichever is greater, for a period of 2 hours. Such test shall be conducted at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department.
- The loading head unit seal against the cargo tank shall not exceed a force of 200 pounds (90.8 kg) or a pressure of 5 pounds per square inch gauge (psig)(34.5 kPa).
- A mist eliminator shall be provided in the vapor line at or adjacent to the loading arm to remove entrained liquid and return same to the cargo tank, or to an approved collection system.
- Cargo tanks containing flammable liquids in any compartment shall not be loaded with combustible liquids unless the loading rack is protected by a fire extinguishing system in accordance with this chapter.
- The loading rate of combustible liquids into cargo tanks shall be such that the initial velocity in the liquid line is 3 feet per second (914 mm per second) and the final rate does not exceed 15 feet per second (4572 mm per second).
Fleet fueling operations shall be conducted in accordance with this section.
A site plan shall be prepared and maintained at each fleet fueling location or other approved location identifying all buildings, structures and property lines; adjoining property uses; proposed fueling locations; and slope, drainage, storm drains and other relevant site conditions. The site plan shall be made available for inspection by any department representative.
Cargo tanks used to conduct fleet fueling operations shall be used solely for that purpose. Fleet fueling operations shall be conducted during approved hours and the cargo tank shall leave the fleet facility after completing such operations.
Fleet fueling may be conducted at a designated location at the fleet facility and/or by proceeding from vehicle to vehicle, as approved by the department. Fleet fueling shall not be conducted at the following locations:
- On public streets;
- On fire apparatus access roads;
- Inside buildings;
- On the roof level of parking structures or other buildings;
- Less than 10 feet (3048 mm) from buildings or property lines;
- Less than 15 feet (4572 mm) from combustible material or waste;
- Less than 25 feet (7620 mm) from any flammable gas storagearea; and
- Less than 25 feet (7620 mm) from any smoking, open flames or other source of ignition.
- Less than 10 feet (3048 mm) from overhead powerlines or other aboveground electrical installation, measured from the boundary of the utility easement,or, if there is no easement, from the vertical plane of the installation at its widest point; or
- Less than 10 feet (3048 mm) from the boundary of any transportation easement, including bridges and tunnels, as measured from the vertical plane of the easement at its widest point.
Fleet fueling shall be conducted from a cargo tank complying with DOTn regulations or other approved vehicle, subject to the following requirements:
- The capacity of the cargo tank shall not exceed 5500 gallons (20 818 L), except as otherwise approved by the department.
- The cargo tank shall be designed for fleet fueling operations, including a fuel limit switch set to a maximum of 50 gallons (189 L).
- The dispensing hose does not exceed 100 feet (30 480 mm) in length and shall be mounted on a reel.
- Dispensing hoses and nozzles shall be listed.The dispensing hose shall be provided with a breakaway device designed to prevent release of the combustible liquid on both sides of the breakaway point.
Fleet fueling operations shall be conducted in accordance with the following procedures:
- The cargo tank shall be positioned so as to prevent vehicular traffic from driving over the dispensing hose.
- The cargo tank shall be secured from movement by setting the cargo tank's brakes and chocking the wheels, and the cargo tank's warning lights shall be activated.
- The engines of the motor vehicles being fueled shall be shut off.
- The dispensing nozzle shall be maintained in contact with the motor vehicle fuel tank at all times.
- The dispensing hose and nozzle shall be placed back on the reel before moving the cargo tank.
- Signs prohibiting smoking and open flames within 25 feet (7620 mm) of the cargo tank and the motor vehicle being fueled shall be prominently posted on the cargo tank.
- Nighttime fueling operations shall only be conducted in adequately lighted areas.
- Cargo tank operators shall have in their possession at all times an approved means of notifying the department of a fire or other emergency.
The fleet owner and the provider of fleet fueling services shall comply with the requirements of FC 5707.7.1 through 5707.7.2.
A written fire safety and emergency response plan that sets forth policies and procedures for compliance with the requirements of this section and other fire safety measures, including spill prevention and control, shall be prepared and maintained by the fleet facility and the provider of fleet fueling services and made available for inspection to any department representative.
A catchment basin with a capacity of not less than 5 gallons (19 L) shall be provided under the cargo tank hose nozzle/motor vehicle fuel tank connection during fuel dispensing. Spill absorbing materials, such as absorbent socks, pads or powders, in quantities sufficient to handle at least 200 gallon (757 L) spill, shall be available for immediate use. Where dispensing operations occur within 15 feet (4572 mm) of a storm drain, an approved storm drain cover or approved equivalent method shall be used to prevent any fuel spill from reaching the drain. Non-water-absorbent pads, a 10-foot-long (3048 mm) containment boom, an approved container with lid and a nonmetallic shovel shall be provided to mitigate a minimum 5 gallon (19 L) fuel spill.
A portable fire extinguisher complying with FC906 with a minimum rating of 40-B:C shall be provided on the cargo tank with signage clearly indicating its location.