The provisions of this chapter shall control the alteration, repair, addition, maintenance and operation and change of occupancy of existing buildings and structures. Relocated existing buildings shall comply with Chapter 10. Existing building sites shall comply with Chapter 11.
Previously commissioned buildings and parts thereof, shall be operated and maintained in conformance to the code edition applicable at the time of construction. The owner shall be responsible for the operation and maintenance of existing buildings. The requirements of this chapter shall not provide the basis for removal or abrogation of fire protection and safety systems and devices in existing structures.
Alterations, repairs, additions and changes of occupancy to existing structures shall comply with the provisions of this chapter.
Exception: Where a tenant in a multi-tenant building does not have control within that tenant space of a complete system or item, compliance for that complete system or item shall not be required.
Materials, assemblies, configurations and systems already in use that conform to requirements or approvals in effect at the time of their erection or installation shall be permitted to remain in use unless determined by the code official to be dangerous to life, health or safety. Where such conditions are determined to be dangerous to the environment, life, health or safety, they shall be mitigated or made safe.
Additions to any site-built building or structure shall comply with the requirements of this code for new construction. Any addition to a modular building that is relocated within or into a jurisdiction that is in compliance with requirements or approvals in effect at the time of its construction shall comply with Section 1002 of this code.
Alterations to existing buildings and building systems shall be in accordance with the provisions of this code for those assemblies, systems and components being altered. Unaltered portions, components and systems of the building, including relocated modular buildings, shall be in accordance with the provisions of the code in force at the time of their construction. Alterations shall not be made to an existing building or structure that will cause the existing building or structure to be in violation of any provisions of this code.
Alterations of portions or components of buildings shall comply with Sections 1003.2.1 through 1003.2.7.
Exceptions:
- The total cost of improvements required by Sections 1003.2.1 through 1003.2.7 shall not be required to exceed 10 percent of the costs of the alterations exclusive of land and building site improvements.
- This section shall not require compliance that exceeds that required for systems regulated by Chapters 6 through 8 of this code.
- Materials, assemblies and components regulated by Sections 1003.2.1 through 1003.2.7 that are dependent upon properties of other concealed materials, assemblies or system components to function properly and where the properties of the concealed materials, assemblies or components are unknown or insufficient and will not be revealed during construction.
- Alterations are not required to comply with the requirements of Sections 1003.2.1 through 1003.2.7 where the code official determines the alterations to be infeasible based upon the existing configuration of spaces, unless those spaces or portions thereof will be reconfigured as part of the alteration project.
- Where a tenant in a multi-tenant building does not have control within that tenant space of a complete system or item, compliance for that complete system or item shall not be required.
- Where the total cost of the alteration to the existing building is less than the percent of the value of the building as indicated in Table 1003.2, compliance with Section 1003.2 shall not be required. The percent value of the building shall be determined by the original construction cost plus completed improvement costs of the building.
| BUILDING SIZE (square feet) | PERCENT OF BUILDING VALUE |
| Less than 5,000 | 20 |
| 5,000 — 50,000 | 10 |
| 50,001 — 500,000 | 1 |
| over 500,000 | 0 |
For SI: 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2.
Dedicated individual utility or private metering devices that measure and verify energy and water use within the building or space shall be provided for at least one of the following:
- Electrical energy consumption for individual tenant spaces.
- Water consumption for individual tenant spaces.
- Natural gas or fuel oil consumption for individual tenant spaces.
- Lighting loads.
- Motor and drive loads.
- Chiller part-load efficiency.
- Cooling loads.
- Economizer and heat recovery loads.
- Boiler efficiencies.
- Building process systems and equipment loads.
- Water consumption for landscape irrigation.
Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning systems and equipment shall be in accordance with the following:
- Time clock and automatic time switch controls that can turn systems off and on according to building occupancy requirements shall be provided and connected to the following HVAC equipment: chillers and other space-cooling equipment, chilled water pumps, boilers and other space-heating devices, hot water pumps, heat exchanger circulation pumps, supply fans, return fans, and exhaust fans. Where occupant override is provided, it shall be designed with a timer to automatically revert to time clock and automatic time switch controls in not longer than 12 hours.
Exception: A time clock or automatic time switch controls shall not be required for spaces where any of the following conditions exist:
- A time clock is not required by Section C403.2.4.3 of the International Energy Conservation Code.
- There is 24-hour occupancy materials with special atmospheric requirements dependent on 24-hour space conditioning.
- A majority of the areas of the building served by the system are under setback thermostat control.
- Manufacturer's specifications stipulate that the system must not be shut off.
- Functional outside air economizers shall be provided on all cooling systems of more than 41/2 tons total cooling capability, 54,000 Btu/h, or more than 1800 cfm (9.144 m3/s @ m2) air flow, provided manufacturer's guidelines are available for adding the economizer to the existing system.
Exception: An outside air economizer shall not be required for buildings or special uses where 100 percent outside air for ventilation is required or where any of the following conditions exist:
- Section C403.3.1 of the International Energy Conservation Code would not require an economizer.
- The existing system has a water-based economizer.
- The existing system does not have an outside air intake.
- Special economizer operations such as, but not limited to, carefully controlled humidity would require more energy use than is conserved.
- There is insufficient space to install necessary equipment.
- Installation of an economizer would require major modifications to the building's life safety system.
- The existing system is a multi-zone system where the same intake air is used at the same time for either heating or cooling in different parts of the building.
- HVAC piping and ducts, including those located above suspended ceilings, shall comply with Sections 606.3 and 606.4.
Exception: Additional insulation shall not be required for piping where any of the following conditions exist:- Additional insulation shall not be required for piping where any of the following conditions exist:
- It is located within HVAC equipment;
- It is located within conditioned space that conveys fluids between 60°F (15.6°C) and 105°F (40.6°C);
- Piping that is already insulated and the insulation is in good condition; or
- Where HVAC ducts and piping are installed in a building cavity or interstitial framing space of insufficient width to accommodate the duct or pipe and the insulation required by Section 606.3 and Table 606.4, the insulation thickness shall be permitted to have the maximum thickness that the wall can accommodate, but shall not be less than 1/2-inch (12.7 mm) thick.
- Additional insulation shall not be required for piping where any of the following conditions exist:
- Where central heat is intended to be replaced with individual electric space heaters, the application for the electrical permit shall include documentation demonstrating that the new electric heaters will not consume more energy than the existing nonelectric heaters.
- Boiler systems shall have been cleaned and tuned within one year prior to the alteration. Boilers shall be equipped with an outdoor air lock-out thermostat or a temperature reset control.
- Chillers shall be equipped with an outdoor air lockout thermostat and chilled water reset control.
- A maximum 5-year phase out plan shall be provided for buildings with existing systems that use CFC-based refrigerants.
- 8. Where mechanical and electrical systems and equipment are joined with microprocessors that communicate with each other or to a computer, a properly integrated building automation system shall be installed to optimize energy, operations, and indoor comfort. The building automation system shall:
- Allow the owner to set up schedules of operation for the equipment and provide equipment optimal start with adaptive learning;
- Provide trim and respond capabilities based on zone demand;
- Offer the ability to monitor energy usage, including the ability to meter electric, gas, water, steam, hot water, chilled water, and fuel oil services;
- Offer economizing based on enthalpy calculation and/or CO2 set point control;
- Offer load shedding when power companies are at peak demand and need; and
- Offer the ability to send alarms to alert building owner, manager, or operator when problems occur due to system failures.
Service water systems and equipment shall be in accordance with the following:
- Water heater and hot water storage tanks shall have a combined minimum total of external and internal insulation value of R-16.
- Accessible hot and cold water supply and distribution pipes shall comply with Section 607.6. The insulation shall not be required to extend beyond the building thermal envelope.
- Circulating pump systems for hot water supply purposes other than comfort heating shall be controlled as specified in Section 607.7.
- Showerhead, toilet, urinal and faucet flow rates shall be in accordance with this code.
Lighting systems and equipment shall be in accordance with sections C405.2.2.3 and C405.2.4 of the International Energy Conservation Code.
Swimming pools and spas and their equipment shall be in accordance with the following:
- Heated swimming pools and spas shall be equipped with a cover listed and labeled in accordance with ASTM F 1346, or a liquid pool cover feed system, for unoccupied hours.
Exception: A cover shall not be required for indoor pools or spas in which water temperature is less than 80°F (26.7°C) during time of nonuse.
- Backwash systems shall be based on pressure drop and shall not be based on a timer.
- Pool and spa recirculation pumps shall be under timeclock control.
Exception: Filtration pumps where the public health standard requires 24-hour pump operation.
- Heaters shall have been cleaned and tuned for efficiency within one year prior to the alteration. Where this has not been done, the heaters shall be cleaned and tuned as part of the alteration work.
In buildings with three or fewer stories above grade plane, ceiling insulation with a minimum R-value as required by this code shall be installed in accessible attic spaces that are directly above conditioned spaces. For the purposes of this section, accessible attic space is the space between ceiling joists and roof rafters where the vertical clear height from the top of a ceiling joist or the bottom chord of a truss, to the underside of the roof sheathing at the roof ridge, is greater than 24 inches (610 mm). Where the required R-value insulation cannot fit in the attic space, the maximum amount of insulation compatible with available space and existing uses shall be installed.
For roof replacement on an existing building with insulation entirely above the deck and where the roof slope is less than two units vertical in 12 units horizontal (16-percent slope), the insulation shall conform to the energy conservation requirements for insulation entirely above deck in the International Energy Conservation Code.
Exception: Where the required R-value cannot be provided due to thickness limitations presented by existing rooftop conditions, including heating, ventilating and air-conditioning equipment, low door or glazing heights, parapet heights, proper roof flashing heights, the maximum thickness of insulation compatible with the available space and existing uses shall be installed.
Where a change in occupancy of a building or tenant space places it in a different division of the same group of occupancy or in a different group of occupancies, as determined in accordance with the provisions of the International Building Code, compliance with Sections 1001.3 and 1001.4 shall be required.
Exception: Historic buildings in accordance with Section 1005 shall not be required to comply with Section 1004.
The provisions of this code relating to the construction, repair, alteration, addition, restoration and movement of structures, and change of occupancy, where each individual provision is evaluated separately on its own merit, shall not be mandatory for historic buildings for any of the following conditions:
- Where implementation of such provisions would require a change in the visible configuration of building components in a manner that is not in keeping with the building's historic nature, as determined by the code official; or
- Where compliance with such provisions would produce a conflict with a building function that is fundamental to the historic nature of the building.
Where buildings, structures or portions thereof are deconstructed or demolished, a minimum of 50 percent of materials shall be diverted from landfills. A construction material and waste management plan shall be developed that is in accordance with Section 503.1, that includes procedures for deconstruction, and that documents the total materials in buildings, structures and portions thereof to be deconstructed or demolished and the materials to be diverted.
Sections 1007.2 and 1007.3 shall be mandatory and enforced only where specifically indicated by the jurisdiction in Table 302.1.
Where a permit application is accepted by a jurisdiction for the evaluation of an existing building and building site in accordance with the requirements of this code as applicable to a new project, and this code does not otherwise require compliance, evaluation shall be in accordance with the requirements of this section.
Where compliance with the requirements of this code as applicable to a new building is verified by the code official for an existing building and building site, a certificate shall be issued indicating compliance to this code, as modified by the limitations contained in Sections 1007.2.2 through 1007.2.3.2.
Where evidence of compliance is not available, existing buildings evaluated under Section 1007.2 shall not be subject to the requirements of Section 806. Provisions of this code related to the project's construction phase, including Sections 401.2, 406.1, 406.2, 502, 503.1 and 803.1, those portions of Section 405 related to the construction phase, and other sections as approved by the code official, shall not be required for buildings evaluated under Section 1007.2. Where buildings do not comply with the aforementioned sections, the certification shall specifically list the sections for which compliance has not been required or verified.
Existing concealed construction in buildings regulated by Section 1007.2 shall be in accordance with Sections 1007.2.3.1 and 1007.2.3.2.
Previously approved construction documents for the initial construction of an existing building and, where possible, description of changing uses and major upgrades over the building's lifetime for which a certificate of occupancy was previously issued shall be deemed an acceptable indication of materials, assemblies and equipment in concealed spaces, except where field inspection reveals sufficient evidence suggesting noncompliance, subject to the evaluation of the code official.
Where previously approved construction documents for the initial construction of an existing project are not available, materials, assemblies and equipment in spaces in existing buildings and existing portions thereof that are concealed, including, but not limited to, materials in spaces within walls and floor/ceiling assemblies, shall be exposed and spot checked in limited areas as determined by the code official.
Where the jurisdiction indicates in Table 302.1 that ongoing post certificate of occupancy zEPI, energy demand and CO2e emissions reporting is required, and where the jurisdiction has indicated in Table 302.1 that enhanced energy performance in accordance with Section 302.1 or CO2e emissions in accordance with Section 602.2 are required, zEPI, energy demand, and CO2e emissions reporting shall be provided in accordance with this section.
The purpose of this section is to provide for the uniform reporting and display of the total annual net energy use, peak demand for each energy form and emissions associated with building operations and building sites.
Reports in accordance with Sections 1007.3.3.1 through 1007.3.3.3 shall be generated.
The zEPI associated with the operation of the building and the buildings on the site, as determined in accordance with Section 602.1, shall be reported by the building owner or the owner's registered agent to the [INSERT NAME OF APPROPRIATE STATE OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AGENCY RESPONSIBLE FOR COLLECTING REPORTED INFORMATION].
Where there are multiple buildings on a building site, each building shall have its zEPI reported separately. Where there are energy uses associated with the building site other than the buildings on the site, the zEPI for the building site shall be reported separately.
Energy use for the previous year shall cover the complete calendar year and be reported on, or before, March 1st of the following year.
The peak demand of all energy forms serving each building and the building site shall be reported by the building owner or the owner's registered agent to the [INSERT NAME OF APPROPRIATE STATE OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AGENCY RESPONSIBLE FOR COLLECTING REPORTED INFORMATION].
Where there are multiple buildings on a building site, each building shall have its energy demand reported separately. Where there are energy uses associated with the building site other than the buildings on the site, the energy demand for the building site shall be reported separately.
Monthly energy demand data for the previous year shall cover the complete calendar year and be reported on, or before, March 1st of the following year.
The annual emissions associated with the operation of the building and its systems, as determined in accordance with Section 602.2, shall be reported by the building owner or the owner's registered agent to the [INSERT NAME OF APPROPRIATE STATE OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AGENCY RESPONSIBLE FOR COLLECTING REPORTED INFORMATION].
Where there are multiple buildings on a building site, each building shall have its annual emissions reported separately. Where there are energy uses associated with the building site other than the buildings on the site, the annual CO2e emissions for the building site shall be reported separately.
Emissions reported for the previous year shall cover the complete calendar year and be reported on, or before, March 1stof the following year.