Chapter 4 Plumbing Fixtures and Fixture Fittings

This chapter shall govern the materials and installation of plumbing fixtures, including faucets and fixture fittings, and the minimum number of plumbing fixtures required based on occupancy.

Plumbing fixtures shall be constructed of dense, durable, non-absorbent materials and shall have smooth, impervious surfaces, free from unnecessary concealed fouling surfaces. Except as permitted elsewhere in this code, fixtures shall comply with the quality and design of nationally recognized applicable standards referenced in Table 1701.1.

Note 1: [BSC, DSA-SS & DSA-SS/CC] Flow rates for specified plumbing fixtures for mandatory nonresidential construction are contained in Chapter 5, Division 5.3 of the California Green Building Standards Code (Part 11, Title 24, California Code of Regulations - CALGreen). Scoping provisions applicable to nonresidential additions and alterations are contained in Section 301.3 of CALGreen.

Note 2: [BSC] On and after January 1, 2014, certain commercial real property, as defined in Civil Code Section 1101.3, shall have its noncompliant plumbing fixtures replaced with appropriate water-conserving plumbing fixtures under specific circumstances. See Civil Code Section 1101.1 et seq. for definitions, types of commercial real property affected, effective dates, circumstances necessitating replacement of noncompliant plumbing fixtures, and duties and responsibilities for ensuring compliance.

[HCD-1] Residential buildings undergoing permitted alterations, additions or improvements shall replace noncompliant plumbing fixtures with water-conserving plumbing fixtures. Plumbing fixture replacement is required prior to issuance of a certificate of final completion, certificate of occupancy or final permit approval by the local building department. See Civil Code Section 1101.3, et seq. for the definition of a noncompliant plumbing fixture, types of buildings affected and other subsequent enactment dates.

Note 3: [OSHPD 1, 2, 3 & 4] Also refer to Title 20, California Code of Regulations, Division 2, Chapter 4, Article 4, Section 1605.3 (i).

Plumbing fixtures shall be installed in a manner to afford easy access for repairs and cleaning. Pipes from fixtures shall be run to the nearest wall.

Where a fixture comes in contact with the wall or floor, the joint between the fixture and the wall or floor shall be made watertight.

Floor-outlet or floor-mounted fixtures shall be rigidly secured to the drainage connection and to the floor, where so designed, by screws or bolts of copper, copper alloy, or other equally corrosion-resistant material.

Wall-hung fixtures shall be rigidly supported by metal supporting members so that no strain is transmitted to the connections. Flush tanks and similar appurtenances shall be secured by approved non-corrosive screws or bolts.

Fixtures shall be set level and in proper alignment with reference to adjacent walls. No water closet or bidet shall be set closer than 15 inches (381 mm) from its center to a side wall or obstruction nor closer than 30 inches (762 mm) center to center to a similar fixture. The clear space in front of a water closet, lavatory, or bidet shall be not less than 24 inches (610 mm). No urinal shall be set closer than 12 inches (305 mm) from its center to a side wall or partition nor closer than 24 inches (610 mm) center to center.

Exception: The installation of paper dispensers or accessibility grab bars shall not be considered obstructions.

Fixture connections between drainage pipes and water closets, floor outlet service sinks and urinals shall be made by means of approved copper alloy, hard lead, ABS, PVC, or iron flanges caulked, soldered, solvent cemented; rubber compression gaskets; or screwed to the drainage pipe. The connection shall be bolted with an approved gasket, washer, or setting compound between the fixture and the connection. The bottom of the flange shall be set on an approved firm base.

    Wall-mounted water closet fixtures shall be securely bolted to an approved carrier fitting. The connecting pipe between the carrier fitting and the fixture shall be an approved material and designed to accommodate an adequately sized gasket. Gasket material shall be neoprene, felt, or similar approved types.

The supply lines and fittings for every plumbing fixture shall be so installed as to prevent backflow in accordance with Chapter 6.

Fixtures shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.

Plumbing fixtures shall be installed such that fixture fittings shall be in accordance with the backflow prevention requirements of ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. These requirements shall not be compromised by the designated fixture fitting mounting surface.

Fixtures having concealed slip joint connections shall be provided with an access panel or utility space not less than 12 inches (305 mm) in its least dimension and so arranged without obstructions as to make such connections accessible for inspection and repair.

Where provisions are made for the future installation of fixtures, those provided for shall be considered in determining the required sizes of drain and water supply piping. Construction for future installations shall be terminated with a plugged fitting or fittings. Where the plugged fitting is at the point where the trap of a fixture is installed, the plumbing system for such fixture shall be complete and be in accordance with the plumbing requirements of this code.

Where accessible facilities are required in applicable building regulations, the facilities shall be installed in accordance with those regulations. [HCD 1-AC] For specific requirements regarding accommodations for persons with disabilities, see Chapter 11A of the California Building Code.

Plumbing fixtures and fixture fittings for persons with disabilities shall comply with the applicable standards referenced in Chapter 4. [HCD 1-AC] Specific requirements regarding accommodations for persons with disabilities are contained in Chapter 11A of the California Building Code.

Water supply and drain pipes under accessible lavatories and sinks shall be insulated or otherwise be configured to protect against contact. Protectors, insulators, or both shall comply with ASME A112.18.9.

Where a fixture is provided with an overflow, the waste shall be so arranged that the standing water in the fixture shall not rise in the overflow where the stopper is closed or remain in the overflow where the fixture is empty. The overflow pipe from a fixture shall be connected on the house or inlet side of the fixture trap, except that overflow on flush tanks shall be permitted to discharge into the water closets or urinals served by them, but it shall be unlawful to connect such overflows with any other part of the drainage system.

Water closets having an invisible seal or an unventilated space or having walls which are not thoroughly washed at each discharge shall be prohibited. A water closet that might permit siphonage of the contents of the bowl back into the tank shall be prohibited.

Trough urinals and urinals with an invisible seal shall be prohibited.

Fixed wooden, or tile wash trays or sinks for domestic use shall not be installed in a building designed or used for human habitation. No sheet metal-lined wooden bathtub shall be installed or reconnected. No dry or chemical closet (toilet) shall be installed in a building used for human habitation, unless first approved by the Health Officer.

Baptisteries, ornamental and lily ponds, aquaria, ornamental fountain basins, and similar fixtures and specialties requiring water, waste connections, or both shall be submitted for approval to the Authority Having Jurisdiction prior to installation.

Restaurant kitchen and other special use sinks shall be permitted to be made of approved-type bonderized and galvanized sheet steel of not less than No. 16 U.S. gauge (0.0625 inches) (1.6 mm). Sheet-metal plumbing fixtures shall be adequately designed, constructed, and braced in an approved manner to accomplish their intended purpose.

Special use fixtures shall be made of one of the following:

1. Soapstone
2. Chemical stoneware
3. Copper-based alloy
4. Nickel-based alloy
5. Corrosion-resistant steel
6. Other materials suited for the intended use of the fixture

Zinc alloy components shall comply with applicable nationally recognized standards and shall be used in accordance with their listing.

Lavatories shall comply with ASME A112.19.1/CSA B45.2, ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4, ASME A112.19.12, CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124, or CSA B45.11/IAPMO Z401.

The maximum water flow rate of faucets shall comply with Section 407.2.1 through Section 407.2.2.1.

Hot water delivered from public-use lavatories shall be limited to a maximum temperature of 120°F (49°C) by a device that is in accordance with ASSE 1070 or CSA B125.3. The water heater thermostat shall not be considered a control for meeting this provision.

Self-closing or metering faucets shall be installed on lavatories intended to serve the transient public, such as those in, but not limited to service stations, train stations, airports, restaurants, and convention halls.

Lavatories shall have a waste outlet and fixture tailpiece not less than 1¹/₄ inches (32 mm) in diameter. Continuous wastes and fixture tailpieces shall be constructed from the materials specified in Section 701.4. Waste outlets shall be provided with an approved stopper or strainer.

Overflows shall be installed in accordance with Section 404.1.

Manufactured shower receptors and shower bases shall comply with ASME A112.19.1/CSA B45.2, ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4, or CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124.

Showers and tub-shower combinations shall be provided with individual control valves of the pressure balance, thermostatic, or combination pressure balance/thermostatic mixing valve type that provide scald and thermal shock protection for the rated flow rate of the installed showerhead. These valves shall be installed at the point of use and in accordance with ASSE 1016 or ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. Gang showers, where supplied with a single temperature-controlled water supply pipe, shall be controlled by a mixing valve that is in accordance with ASSE 1069. Handle position stops shall be provided on such valves and shall be adjusted per the manufacturer's instructions to deliver a maximum mixed water setting of 120°F (49°C). Water heater thermostats shall not be considered a suitable control for meeting this provision.

Showers shall have a waste outlet and fixture tailpiece not less than 2 inches (50 mm) in diameter. Fixture tailpieces shall be constructed from the materials specified in Section 701.2 for drainage piping. Strainers serving shower drains shall have a waterway at least equivalent to the area of the tailpiece.

Where a shower receptor has a finished dam, curb, or threshold it shall be not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) lower than the sides and back of such receptor. In no case shall a dam or threshold be less than 2 inches (51 mm) or exceeding 9 inches (229 mm) in depth where measured from the top of the dam or threshold to the top of the drain. Each such receptor shall be provided with an integral nailing flange to be located where the receptor meets the vertical surface of the finished interior of the shower compartment. The flange shall be watertight and extend vertically not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) above the top of the sides of the receptor. The finished floor of the receptor shall slope uniformly from the sides towards the drain not less than ¹/₄ inch per foot (20.8 mm/m), nor more than ¹/₂ inch per foot (41.8 mm/m).

    Thresholds shall be of sufficient width to accommodate a minimum 22 inch (559 mm) door. Shower doors shall open so as to maintain not less than a 22 inch (559 mm) unobstructed opening for egress. The immediate adjoining space to showers without thresholds shall be considered a wet location and shall comply with the requirements of the California Building, California Residential and California Electrical Codes.

Exceptions:

1. Showers that are designed to be in accordance with the accessibility standards in Chapter 11A of the California Building Code. [HCD 1-AC] Specific requirements regarding accommodations for persons with disabilities are contained in Chapter 11A of the California Building Code.
2. A cast-iron shower receptor flange shall be not less than 0.3 of an inch (7.62 mm) in height.
3. For flanges not used as a means of securing, the sealing flange shall be not less than 0.3 of an inch (7.62 mm) in height.

Shower compartments, regardless of shape, shall have a minimum finished interior of 1024 square inches (0.6606 m²) and shall also be capable of encompassing a 30 inch (762 mm) circle. The minimum required area and dimensions shall be measured at a height equal to the top of the threshold and at a point tangent to its centerline. The area and dimensions shall be maintained to a point of not less than 70 inches (1778 mm) above the shower drain outlet with no protrusions other than the fixture valve or valves, showerheads, soap dishes, shelves, and safety grab bars, or rails. Fold-down seats in accessible shower stalls shall be permitted to protrude into the 30 inch (762 mm) circle.

Exceptions:

1. Showers that are designed to comply with Chapter 11A of the California Building Code.
2. The minimum required area and dimension shall not apply for a shower receptor having overall dimensions of not less than 30 inches (762 mm) in width and 60 inches (1524 mm) in length.
3. [HCD 1-AC] Specific requirements regarding accommodations for persons with disabilities are contained in Chapter 11A of the California Building Code.

Shower receptors built on-site shall be watertight and shall be constructed from approved-type dense, nonabsorbent, and noncorrosive materials. Each such receptor shall be adequately reinforced, shall be provided with an approved flanged floor drain designed to make a watertight joint in the floor, and shall have smooth, impervious, and durable surfaces.

    Shower receptors shall have the subfloor and rough side of walls to a height of not less than 3 inches (76 mm) above the top of the finished dam or threshold shall be first lined with sheet plastic, lead, or copper, or shall be lined with other durable and watertight materials. Showers that are provided with a built in place, permanent seat or seating area that is located within the shower enclosure, shall be first lined with sheet plastic, lead, copper, or shall be lined with other durable and watertight materials that extend not less than 3 inches (76 mm) above horizontal surfaces of the seat or the seating area.

    Lining materials shall be pitched ¹/₄ inch per foot (20.8 mm/m) to weep holes in the subdrain of a smooth and solidly formed subbase. Such lining materials shall extend upward on the rough jambs of the shower opening to a point not less than 3 inches (76 mm) above the horizontal surfaces of the seat or the seating area, the top of the finished dam or threshold and shall extend outward over the top of the permanent seat, permanent seating area, or rough threshold and be turned over and fastened on the outside face of both the permanent seat, permanent seating area, or rough threshold and the jambs.

    Nonmetallic shower subpans or linings shall be permitted to be built up on the job site of not less than three layers of standard grade 15 pound (6.8 kg) asphalt-impregnated roofing felt. The bottom layer shall be fitted to the formed subbase and each succeeding layer thoroughly hot-mopped to that below. Corners shall be carefully fitted and shall be made strong and watertight by folding or lapping, and each corner shall be reinforced with suitable webbing hot-mopped in place.

Folds, laps, and reinforcing webbing shall extend not less than 4 inches (102 mm) in all directions from the corner, and webbing shall be of approved type and mesh, producing a tensile strength of not less than 50 pounds per square foot (lb/ft²) (244 kg/m²) in either direction. Nonmetallic shower subpans or linings shall be permitted to consist of multilayers of other approved equivalent materials suitably reinforced and carefully fitted in place on the job site as elsewhere required in this section.

    Linings shall be properly recessed and fastened to approved backing so as not to occupy the space required for the wall covering, and shall not be nailed or perforated at a point that is less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) above the finished dam or threshold. An approved-type subdrain shall be installed with a shower subpan or lining. Each such subdrain shall be of the type that sets flush with the subbase and shall be equipped with a clamping ring or other device to make a tight connection between the lining and the drain. The subdrain shall have weep holes into the waste line. The weep holes located in the subdrain clamping ring shall be protected from clogging.

Floors of public shower rooms shall have a nonskid surface and shall be drained in such a manner that wastewater from one bather shall not pass over areas occupied by other bathers. Gutters in public or gang shower rooms shall have rounded corners for easy cleaning and shall be sloped not less than 2 percent toward drains. Drains in gutters shall be spaced at a maximum of 8 feet (2438 mm) from sidewalls nor more than 16 feet (4877 mm) apart.

Control valves and showerheads shall be located on the sidewall of shower compartments or otherwise arranged so that the showerhead does not discharge directly at the entrance to the compartment so that the bather can adjust the valves prior to stepping into the shower spray.

A water supply riser from the shower valve to the showerhead outlet, whether exposed or not, shall be securely attached to the structure.

Bathtubs shall comply with ASME A112.19.1/CSA B45.2, ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4, or CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Whirlpool bathtubs shall comply with ASME A112.19.7/CSA B45.10. Pressure sealed doors within a bathtub or whirlpool bathtub enclosure shall comply with ASME A112.19.15.

Bathtubs and whirlpool bathtubs shall have a waste outlet and fixture tailpiece not less than 1¹/₂ inches (40 mm) in diameter. Fixture tailpieces shall be constructed from the materials specified in Section 701.2 for drainage piping. Waste outlets shall be provided with an approved stopper or strainer.

Overflows shall be installed in accordance with Section 404.1.

The maximum hot water temperature discharging from the bathtub and whirlpool bathtub filler shall be limited to 120°F (49°C) by a device that is in accordance with ASSE 1070 or CSA B125.3. The water heater thermostat shall not be considered a control for meeting this provision.

The water supply to a bathtub and whirlpool bathtub filler valve shall be protected by an air gap or in accordance with Section 417.0.

Bathtubs and whirlpool bathtubs shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Access openings shall be of size and opening to permit the removal and replacement of the circulation pump.

    Whirlpool pump access located in the crawl space shall be located not more than 20 feet (6096 mm) from an access door, trap door, or crawl hole.

    The circulation pump shall be located above the crown weir of the trap.

    The pump and the circulation piping shall be self-draining to minimize water retention. Suction fittings on whirlpool bathtubs shall be listed in accordance with ASME A112.19.7/CSA B45.10.

Bidets shall comply with ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1 or ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4.

The water supply to the bidet shall be protected by an air gap or in accordance with Section 603.3.2, Section 603.3.5, or Section 603.3.6.

The maximum hot water temperature discharging from a bidet shall be limited to 110°F (43°C) by a device that is in accordance with ASSE 1070 or CSA B125.3. The water heater thermostat shall not be considered a control for meeting this provision.

Water closets shall comply with ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4, or CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Water closet bowls for public use shall be of the elongated type. In nurseries, schools, and other similar places where plumbing fixtures are provided for the use of children less than 6 years of age, water closets shall be of a size and height suitable for children's use.

Water closet seats shall be properly sized for the water closet bowl type, and shall be of smooth, non-absorbent material. Seats, for public use, shall be of the elongated type and either of the open front type or have an automatic seat cover dispenser. Plastic seats shall comply with IAPMO Z124.5.

Urinals shall comply with ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, ASME A112.19.19, or CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Wall mounted urinals shall have an average water consumption not to exceed 0.125 gallons (0.47 L) per flush. Other urinals shall have an average water consumption not to exceed 0.5 gallons (1.89 L) per flush.

A water supply to a urinal shall be protected by an approved-type vacuum breaker or other approved backflow prevention device in accordance with Section 603.5.

Each water closet, urinal, clinical sink, or other plumbing fixture that depends on trap siphonage to discharge its waste contents shall be provided with a flushometer valve, flushometer tank, or flush tank designed and installed so as to supply water in sufficient quantity and rate of flow to flush the contents of the fixture to which it is connected, to cleanse the fixture, and to refill the fixture trap, without excessive water use. Flushing devices shall comply with the antisiphon requirements in accordance with Section 603.5.

Flushometer valves and tanks shall comply with ASSE 1037 or CSA B125.3, and shall be installed in accordance with Section 603.5.1. No manually controlled flushometer valve shall be used to flush more than one urinal, and each such urinal flushometer valve shall be an approved, self-closing type discharging a predetermined quantity of water. Flushometers shall be installed so that they will be accessible for repair. Flushometer valves shall not be used where the water pressure is insufficient to properly operate them. Where the valve is operated, it shall complete the cycle of operation automatically, opening fully, and closing positively under the line water pressure. Each flushometer shall be provided with a means for regulating the flow through it. [OSPHD 1, 2, 3 & 4] Sensor operated flush valves shall be capable of functioning during loss of normal power.

Flush tanks for manual flushing shall be equipped with a flush valve in accordance with ASME A112.19.5/CSA B45.15 or CSA B125.3, and an antisiphon fill valve (ballcock) that is in accordance with ASSE 1002 or CSA B125.3 and installed in accordance with Section 603.5.2.

An adequate quantity of water shall be provided to flush and clean the fixture served. The water supply for flushing tanks and flushometer tanks equipped for manual flushing shall be controlled by a float valve or other automatic device designed to refill the tank after each discharge and to completely shut off the water flow to the tank where the tank is filled to operational capacity. Provision shall be made to automatically supply water to the fixture so as to refill the trap seal after each flushing.

Flush tanks shall be provided with overflows discharging into the water closet or urinal connected thereto. Overflows supplied as original parts with the fixture shall be of sufficient size to prevent tank flooding at the maximum rate at which the tank is supplied with water under normal operating conditions and where installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.

Domestic dishwashing machines shall comply with UL 749. Commercial dishwashing machines shall comply with NSF 3 and UL 921.

The water supply connection to a commercial dishwashing machine shall be protected by an air gap or a backflow prevention device in accordance with Section 603.3.2, Section 603.3.5, Section 603.3.6, or ASSE 1004.

Domestic dishwashing machines shall discharge indirectly through an air gap fitting in accordance with Section 807.3 into a waste receptor, a wye branch fitting on the tailpiece of a kitchen sink, or dishwasher connection of a food waste disposer. Commercial dishwashing machines shall discharge indirectly through an air gap or direct connection in accordance with Section 704.3 with floor drain protection.

Drinking fountains shall be self-closing and comply with ASME A112.19.1/CSA B45.2, ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, or ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4, and NSF 61. Permanently installed electric water coolers shall also comply with UL 399. [HCD 1] Drinking fountains shall be installed and so regulated that a jet of water extending at least 2 inches (51 mm) in height from the water orifice shall be constantly available. The orifice shall not be accessible to the mouth of the drinker nor subject to immersion.

Where food is consumed indoors, water stations shall be permitted to be substituted for drinking fountains. Bottle filling stations shall be permitted to be substituted for drinking fountains up to 50 percent of the requirements for drinking fountains. Drinking fountains shall not be required for an occupant load of 30 or less.

Drinking fountains shall be permitted to discharge directly into the drainage system or indirectly through an air break in accordance with Section 809.1.

Drinking fountains shall not be installed in toilet rooms.

Emergency eyewash and shower equipment shall comply with ISEA Z358.1.

Emergency eyewash and shower equipment shall not be limited in the water supply flow rates. Flow rate, discharge pattern, and temperature of flushing fluids shall be provided in accordance with ISEA Z358.1 based on the hazardous material.

Emergency eyewash and shower equipment shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.

Emergency eyewash and shower equipment shall be located on the same level as the hazard and accessible for immediate use. The path of travel shall be free of obstructions and shall be clearly identified with signage.

A drain shall not be required for emergency eyewash or shower equipment. Where a drain is provided, the discharge shall be in accordance with Section 811.0.

Faucets and fixture fittings shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. Fixture fittings covered under the scope of NSF 61 shall be in accordance with the requirements of NSF 61.

Deck mounted bath/shower transfer valves with integral backflow protection shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. This shall include handheld showers and other bathing appliances mounted on the deck of bathtubs or other bathing appliances that incorporate a hose or pull out feature.

Handheld showers shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. Handheld showers with integral backflow protection shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 or shall have a backflow prevention device that is in accordance with ASME A112.18.3 or ASSE 1014.

Faucets and fixture fittings with pull out spout shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1. Faucets and fixture fittings with pull out spouts with integral backflow protection shall comply with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 or shall have a backflow preventer device that is in accordance with ASME A112.18.3.

Where two separate handles control the hot and cold water, the left-hand control of the faucet where facing the fixture fitting outlet shall control the hot water. Faucets and diverters shall be connected to the water distribution system so that hot water corresponds to the left side of the fixture fitting.

    Single-handle mixing valves installed in showers and tub-shower combinations shall have the flow of hot water correspond to the markings on the fixture fitting.

Floor drains shall comply with ASME A112.3.1, ASME A112.6.3, or CSA B79.

Floor drains shall be considered plumbing fixtures, and each such drain shall be provided with an approved-type strainer having a waterway equivalent to the area of the tailpiece. Floor drains shall be of an approved type and shall provide a watertight joint in the floor.

Floor drains shall be installed in the following areas:

1. Toilet rooms containing two or more water closets or a combination of one water closet and one urinal, except in a dwelling unit.
2. Commercial kitchens and in accordance with Section 704.3.
3. Laundry rooms in commercial buildings and common laundry facilities in multi-family dwelling buildings.
4. Boiler rooms.

Where drains are provided in storerooms, walk-in freezers, walk-in coolers, refrigerated equipment, or other locations where food is stored, such drains shall have indirect waste piping. Separate waste pipes shall be run from each food storage area, each with an indirect connection to the building sanitary drainage system. Traps shall be provided in accordance with Section 801.3.2 of this code and shall be vented.

    Indirect drains shall be permitted to be located in freezers or other spaces where freezing temperatures are maintained, provided that traps, where supplied, shall be located where the seal will not freeze. Otherwise, the floor of the freezer shall be sloped to a floor drain located outside of the storage compartment.

Floors shall be sloped to floor drains.

Food waste disposal units shall comply with UL 430. Residential food waste disposers shall also comply with ASSE 1008.

Approved wye or other directional-type branch fittings shall be installed in continuous wastes connecting or receiving the discharge from a food waste disposer. No dishwasher drain shall be connected to a sink tailpiece, continuous waste, or trap on the discharge side of a food waste disposer.

A cold water supply shall be provided for food waste disposers. Such connection to the water supply shall be protected by an air gap or backflow prevention device in accordance with Section 603.2.

Sinks shall comply with ASME A112.19.1/CSA B45.2, ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, ASME A112.19.3/CSA B45.4, or CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Moveable sink systems shall comply with ASME A112.19.12.

Sink faucets shall have a maximum flow rate of not more than 2.2 gpm at 60 psi (8.3 L/m at 414 kPa) in accordance with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1.

Exceptions:

1. Clinical sinks
2. Laundry trays
3. Service sinks

Commercial food service pre-rinse spray valves shall have a maximum flow rate of 1.6 gallons per minute (gpm) at 60 pounds-force per square inch (psi) (6.0 L/m at 414 kPa) in accordance with ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1 and shall be equipped with an integral automatic shutoff.

Kitchen and laundry sinks shall have a waste outlet and fixture tailpiece not less than 1¹/₂ inches (40 mm) in diameter. Service sinks shall have a waste outlet and fixture tailpiece not less than 2 inches (50 mm) in diameter. Fixture tailpieces shall be constructed from the materials specified in Section 701.2 for drainage piping. Waste outlets shall be provided with an approved strainer.

Floor sinks shall comply with ASME A112.6.7.

The waste outlet of a floor sink shall be provided with an approved strainer or grate that is removable and accessible.

Plumbing fixtures shall be provided for the type of building occupancy and in the minimum number shown in Table 422.1. [OSHPD 1, 2, 3 & 4] and Tables 4-2 and Table 4-3 The total occupant load and occupancy classification shall be determined in accordance with Occupant Load Factor Table A and the California Building Code. Occupancy classification not shown in Table 422.1 shall be considered separately by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

    The minimum number of fixtures shall be calculated at 50 percent male and 50 percent female based on the total occupant load. Where information submitted indicates a difference in distribution of the sexes such information shall be used in order to determine the number of fixtures for each sex. Once the occupancy load and occupancy are determined, Table 422.1 shall be applied to determine the minimum number of plumbing fixtures required. Where applying the fixture ratios in Table 422.1 results in fractional numbers, such numbers shall be rounded to the next whole number. For multiple occupancies, fractional numbers shall be first summed and then rounded to the next whole number.



Each building shall be provided with sanitary facilities, including provisions for persons with disabilities as prescribed by the Department Having Jurisdiction⁷. Table 422.1 applies to new buildings, additions to a building, and changes of occupancy or type in an existing building resulting in increased occupant load.

TYPE OF  OCCUPANCY2		WATER CLOSETS  (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3		URINALS  (FIXTURES PER  PERSON)4	LAVATORIES  (FIXTURES PER PERSON)5, 6		BATHTUBS OR  SHOWERS  (FIXTURES  PER PERSON)	DRINKING  FOUNTAINS/ FACILITIES  (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	OTHER
A-1 Assembly occupancy  (fixed or permanent seating)-  theatres, concert halls and  auditoriums		Male  1: 1-100  2: 101-200  3: 201-400	Female  1: 1-25 2: 26-50 3: 51-100 4: 101-200 6: 201-300 8: 301-400	Male  1: 1-200  2: 201-300  3: 301-400 4: 401-600	Male  1: 1-200  2: 201-400  3: 401-600 4: 601-750	Female  1: 1-100 2: 101-200 4: 201-300 5: 301-500 6: 501-750	-	1: 1-250 2: 251-500 3: 501-750	1 service sink or  laundry tray
		Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each additional 125 females.		Over 600,  add 1 fixture  for each  additional  300 males.	Over 750, add 1 fixture  for each additional 250  males and 1 fixture for  each additional 200  females.			Over 750, add  1 fixture for  each additional 500 persons.
A-2 Assembly occupancy- restaurants, pubs, lounges,  night clubs and banquet  halls		Male 1: 1-50 2: 51-150 3: 151-300 4: 301-400	Female  1: 1-25 2: 26-50 3: 51-100 4: 101-200 6: 201-300 8: 301-400	Male  1: 1-200  2: 201-300  3: 301-400  4: 401-600	Male  1: 1-150  2: 151-200 3: 201-400	Female  1: 1-150  2: 151-200 4: 201-400	-	1: 1-250 2: 251-500 3: 501-750	1 service  sink or  laundry tray
		Over 400, add 1 fixture  for each additional 250  males and 1 fixture for  each 125 females.		Over 600,  add 1 fixture  for each  additional  300 males.	Over 400, add 1 fixture  for each additional 250  males and 1 fixture for  each additional 200  females.			Over 750, add  1 fixture for  each additional  500 persons.
A-3 Assembly occupancy  (typical without fixed or  permanent seating)-arcades,  places of worship, museums, libraries, lecture halls,  gymnasiums (without spectator  seating), indoor pools (without  spectator seating)		Male  1: 1-100  2: 101-200 3: 201-400	Female  1: 1-25  2: 26-50  3: 51-100  4: 101-200  6: 201-300  8: 301-400	Male  1: 1-100  2: 101-200  3: 201-400  4: 401-600	Male  1: 1-200  2: 201-400  3: 401-600  4: 601-750	Female  1: 1-100  2: 101-200  4: 201-300  5: 301-500  6: 501-750	-	1: 1-250  2: 251-500  3: 501-750	1 service  sink or  laundry tray
		Over 400, add 1 fixture  for each additional 500  males and 1 fixture for  each additional 125  females.		Over 600,  add 1 fixture  for each  additional  300 males.	Over 750, add 1 fixture  for each additional 250  males and 1 fixture for  each additional 200  females.			Over 750, add  1 fixture for  each additional  500 persons.
A-4 Assembly occupancy (indoor activities or sporting  events with spectator seating)  swimming pools, skating rinks,  arenas and gymnasiums		Male  1: 1-100  2: 101-200  3: 201-400	Female  1: 1-25  2: 26-50  3: 51-100  4: 101-200  6: 201-300  8: 301-400	Male  1: 1-100  2: 101-200  3: 201-400  4: 401-600	Male  1: 1-200  2: 201-400  3: 401-750	Female  1: 1-100  2: 101-200  4: 201-300  5: 301-500  6: 501-750	-	1: 1-250  2: 251-500  3: 501-750	1 service  sink or  laundry tray
		Over 400, add 1 fixture  for each additional 500  males and 1 fixture for  each additional 125  females.		Over 600,  add 1 fixture  for each  additional  300 males.	Over 750, add 1 fixture  for each additional 250  males and 1 fixture for  each additional 200  females.			Over 750, add  1 fixture for  each additional  500 persons.
A-5 Assembly occupancy  (outdoor activities or sporting  events)- amusement parks,  grandstands and stadiums		Male  1: 1-100  2: 101-200  3: 201-400	Female  1: 1-25  2: 26-50  3: 51-100  4: 101-200  6: 201-300  8: 301-400	Male  1: 1-100  2: 101-200  3: 201-400  4: 401-600	Male  1: 1-200  2: 201-400  3: 401-750	Female  1: 1-100  2: 101-200  4: 201-300  5: 301-500  6: 501-750	-	1: 1-250  2: 251-500  3: 501-750	1 service  sink or  laundry tray
		Over 400, add 1 fixture  for each additional 500  males and 1 fixture for  each additional 125  females.		Over 600,  add 1 fixture  for each  additional  300 males.	Over 750, add 1 fixture  for each additional 250  males and 1 fixture for  each additional 200  females.			Over 750, add  1 fixture for  each additional  500 persons.
B Business occupancy (office,  professional or service type  transactions)- banks, vet clinics, hospitals, car wash,  banks, beauty salons,  ambulatory health care  facilities, laundries and dry  cleaning, educational  institutions (above high school), or training facilities not  located within school, post  offices and printing shops		Male  1: 1-50  2: 51-100  3: 101-200 4: 201-400	Female  1: 1-15  2: 16-30  3: 31-50  4: 51-100 8: 101-200  11: 201-400	Male  1: 1-100  2: 101-200  3: 201-400  4: 401-600	Male  1: 1-75 2: 76-150 3: 151-200 4: 201-300 5: 301-400	Female 1: 1-50 2: 51-100 3: 101-150 4: 151-200 5:201-300 6: 301-400	-	1 per 150	1 service  sink or  laundry tray
		Over 400, add 1 fixture  for each additional 500  males and 1 fixture for  each additional 150  females.		Over 600,  add 1 fixture  for each  additional  300 males.	Over 400, add 1 fixture  for each additional 250  males and 1 fixture for  each additional 200  females.
E Educational occupancy- private or public schools		Male  1 per 50	Female  1 per 30	Male  1 per 100	Male  1 per 40	Female  1 per 40	-	1 per 150	1 service  sink or  laundry tray
F1, F2 Factory or Industrial  occupancy-fabricating or assembly work		Male  1: 1-50  2: 51-75  3: 76-100	Female  1: 1-50 2: 51-75 3: 76-100	-	Male  1: 1-50 2: 51-75 3: 76-100	Female  1: 1-50 2: 51-75 3: 76-100	1 shower for  each 15 persons  exposed to  excessive heat or  to skin contamin- ation with  poisonous,  infectious or  irritating material.	1: 1-250  2: 251-500  3: 501-750	1 service  sink or  laundry tray
		Over 100, add 1 fixture  for each additional 40  persons.			Over 100, add 1 fixture  for each additional 40  persons.			Over 750, add  1 fixture for  each additional  500 persons.
I-1 Institutional occupancy  (houses more than 16 persons  on a 24-hour basis)- substance  abuse centers, assisted living,  group homes, or residential  facilities.		Female  1 per 15	Male  1 per 15	-	Female  1 per 15		1 per 8	1 per 150	1 service  sink or  laundry tray
I-2 Institutional occupancy medical,  psychiatric,  surgical or  nursing homes	Hospitals  and nursing  homes- individual  rooms and  ward room	1 per room		-	1 per room		1 per room	1 per 150	1 service  sink or  laundry tray
		1 per 8 patients		-	1 per 10 patients		1 per 20 patients
	Hospital  Waiting or  Visitor  Rooms	1 per room		-	1 per room		-	1 per room	-
	Employee Use	Male  1: 1-15 2: 16-35 3: 36-55	Female  1: 1-15 3: 16-35 4: 36-55	-	Male  1 per 40	Female  1 per 40	-	-	-
		Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons
I-3 Institutional occupancy  (houses more than 5 people)	Prisons	1 per cell		-	1 per cell		1 per 20	1 per cell block/floor	-
	Correctional facilities or juvenile center	1 per 8		-	1 per 10		1 per 8	1 per floor	1 service sink or  laundry tray
	Employee Use	Male  1: 1-15 2: 16-35 3: 36-55	Female  1: 1-15 3: 16-35 4: 36-55	-	Male  1 per 40	Female  1 per 40	-	1 per 150	-
		Over 55, add 1 fixture for  each additional 40 persons
I-4 Institutional occupancy (any  age that receives care for less  than 24 hours)		Male  1: 1-15 2: 16-35 3: 36-55	Female  1: 1-15 3: 16-35 4: 36-55	-	Male  1 per 40	Female  1 per 40	-	1 per 150	1 service  sink or  laundry tray
		Over 55, add 1 fixture for  each additional 40 persons
M Mercantile occupancy (the  sale of merchandise and  accessible to the public)		Male  1: 1-100  2: 101-200  3: 201-400	Female  1: 1-100  2: 101-200  4: 201-300 6: 301-400	Male  0: 1-200 1: 201-400	Male  1: 1-200 2: 201-400	Female  1: 1-200  2: 201-300  3: 301-400	-	1: 1-250  2: 251-500  3: 501-750	1 service  sink or  laundry tray
		Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each 200 females.		Over 400, add 1 fixture for  each additional 500 males.	Over 400, add 1 fixture for each additional 500 males and 1 fixture for each 400 females.		-	Over 750,  add 1 fixture  for each  additional 500 persons.	-
R-1 Residential occupancy  (minimal stay) hotels, motels,  bed and breakfast homes		1 per sleeping room		-	1 per sleeping room		1 per sleeping  room	-	1 service  sink or  laundry tray
R-2 Residential occupancy (long-term or permanent)	Dormitories	Male  1 per 10	Female  1 per 8	1 per 25	Male  1 per 12	Female  1 per 12	1 per 8	1 per 150	1 service  sink or  laundry tray
		Add 1 fixture for each  additional 25 males and 1  fixture for each additional  20 females.		Over 150, add  1 fixture for  each additional  50 males.	Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.
	Employee Use	Male  1: 1-15 2: 16-35 3: 36-55	Female  1: 1-15 3: 16-35 4: 36-55	-	Male  1 per 40	Female  1 per 40	-	-
		Over 55, add 1 fixture for  each additional 40 persons
	Apartment  house/unit	1 per apartment		-	1 per apartment		1 per  apartment	-	1 kitchen sink  per apartment. 1 laundry tray  or 1 automatic clothes washer connection per unit or 1 laundry tray or 1 automatic clothes washer connection for each 12 units
R-3 Residential occupancy  (long-  term or permanent in  nature) for more than 5 but  does not exceed 16 occupants)		Male  1 per 10	Female  1 per 8	-	Male  1 per 12	Female  1 per 12	1 per 8	1 per 150	1 service sink or laundry tray
		Add 1 fixture for each  additional 25 males and 1  fixture for each additional 20  females.			Add 1 fixture for each  additional 20 males and 1  fixture for each additional 15  females.
R-3 Residential occupancy (one  and two family dwellings)		1 per one and two family dwelling		-	1 per one and two family dwelling		1 per one and  two family dwelling	-	1 kitchen sink  and 1 automatic clothes  washer  connection per one and two family dwelling
R-4 Residential occupancy  (residential care or assisted  living)		Male  1 per 10	Female  1 per 8	-	Male  1 per 12	Female  1 per 12	1 per 8	1 per 150	1 service sink or laundry tray
		Add 1 fixture for each additional  25 males and 1 fixture for each  additional 20 females.			Add 1 fixture for each additional 20 males and 1 fixture for each additional 15 females.
S-1, S-2 Storage occupancy- storage of goods, ware-house,  aircraft hanger, food products,  appliances		Male  1: 1-100  2: 101-200  3: 201-400	Female  1: 1-100  2: 101-200  3: 201-400	-	Male  1: 1-200  2: 201-400  3: 401-750	Female  1: 1-200  2: 201-400  3: 401-750	-	1: 1-250 2: 251-500 3: 501-750	1 service sink or laundry tray
		Over 400, add 1 fixture for  each additional 500 males and  1 fixture for each additional  150 females.			Over 750, add 1 fixture for each  additional 500 persons			Over 750, add  1 fixture for  each additional  500 persons

Notes:

1. ¹  The figures shown are based upon one fixture being the minimum required for the number of persons indicated or any fraction thereof.
2. ²  A restaurant is defined as a business that sells food to be consumed on the premises.
   1. The number of occupants for a drive-in restaurant shall be considered as equal to the number of parking stalls.
   2. Hand-washing facilities shall be available in the kitchen for employees.
3. ³   The total number of required water closets for females shall be not less than the total number of required water closets and urinals for males. [BSC] This requirement shall not apply when single occupancy toilet facilities are provided for each sex in an A or E occupancy with an occupant load of less than 50. Either
   1. The required urinal shall be permitted to be omitted or
   2. If installed, the urinal shall not require a second water closet to be provided for the female.
4. ⁴   For each urinal added in excess of the minimum required, one water closet shall be permitted to be deducted. The number of water closets shall not be reduced to less than two-thirds of the minimum requirement.
5. ⁵   Group lavatories that are 24 lineal inches (610 mm) of wash sink or 18 inches (457 mm) of a circular basin, where provided with water outlets for such space, shall be considered equivalent to one lavatory.
6. ⁶  Metering or self closing faucets shall be installed on lavatories intended to serve the transient public.
7. ⁷  [BSC, DSA-AC, DSA-SS, DSA-SS/CC, HCD 1 & HCD 2, OSHPD 1, 2, 3 & 4] In accordance with Sections 1.8.7 and 301.3, the Authority Having Jurisdiction may approve alternative design criteria when determining the minimum number of plumbing fixtures.

TABLE A.
OCCUPANT LOAD FACTOR:
[DSA-SS & DSA-SS/CC]

OCCUPANCY*, **	OCCUPANT LOAD FACTOR (square feet)
Group A Auditoriums, convention halls, dance floors, lodge rooms, stadiums, and casinos (where no fixed seating is provided) (use 1/2 "one-half" the number of fixed seating) Conference rooms, dining rooms, drinking establishments, exhibit rooms, gymnasiums, lounges, stages, and similar uses, including restaurants classified as Group B occupancies Worship places; principal assembly area, educational and activity unit (where no fixed seating is provided) (use 1/2 "one-half" the number of fixed seating)	15 30 30
Group B   Office or public buildings (area accessible to the public)	200
Group E   Schools for day care, elementary, secondary	50
Educational Facilities Other than Group E   Colleges, universities, adult centers, etc.	50
Group F   Workshops, foundries and similar establishments	2,000
Group H   Hazardous materials fabrication and storage	2,000
Group I   Hospital general use area, health care facilities	200
Group M   Retail or wholesale stores	200
Group R   Congregate residence, Group R-1	200
Group S   Warehouse	5,000

1. *    Any uses not specifically listed shall be based on similar uses listed in this table.
2. **  For building or space with mixed occupancies, use appropriate occupancy group for each area (for example, a school may have an "A" occupancy for the gymnasium, a "B" occupancy for the office, an "E" occupancy for the classrooms, etc.) Accessory areas may be excluded (for example: hallway, restroom, stair enclosure)

TABLE 4-2
[OSHPD 1, 2, 3 & 4]²⁴ MINIMUM PLUMBING FACILITIES

SPACE	HANDWASHING FIXTURE	SCRUB SINKS3	TOILETS	BATHTUBS OR  SHOWERS	SERVICE SINKS1	CLINIC SINKS
Administration Lobby
Public Toilet - Male	1		1
Public Toilet - Female	1		1
Airborne infection isolation room	1
Airborne infection isolation treatment/exam room	1
Airborne infection isolation anteroom	120
Airborne infection isolation toilet room	12		15	15
Cardiac Catheterization procedure room		14, 33
Central Sterile Supply	115
Cesarean/Delivery Service Space
Labor Rooms	133		19	19
Recovery Room	133					1
Drug distribution station	1
Cesarean operating room		210, 33
Delivery room		110, 33
Staff lounge
Staff Toilet - Male	12		1:1-15
Staff Toilet - Female	12		1:1-15
LDR or LDRP room	133		1	1
Waiting area/room
Public Toilet - Male	12		1
Public Toilet - Female	12		1
Clinical Laboratory Service Space11	1
Dietetic Service Space					1
Kitchen	133
Food serving area	133
Food Preparation	133
Dietary Staff Toilet - Male	12		1:1-15
Dietary Staff Toilet - Female	12		1:1-15
Emergency Service Treatment room	1
Open plan	1:4 cubicles
Observation units	1:4 cubicles
Trauma/Cardiac, Emergency surgery, Cystoscopy, Cast Room		14, 33
Intensive Care Units7					1	1
Open plan	1:3 beds33
Patient rooms28	133
Newborn Intensive Care Unit (NICU)	1:4 bassinets17, 33				1	1
Control station	133
Staff lounge
Staff Toilet - Male	12		1:1-15
Staff Toilet - Female	12		1:1-15
Employee dressing rooms and lockers
Staff Toilet - Male	12		1:1-15
Staff Toilet - Female	12		1:1-15
Exam and treatment rooms	1
Housekeeping room1					1
Laboratories	115
Laundry soiled linen, receiving, holding and sorting	1
Medicine preparation room	119
Morgue and Autopsy	1
Nourishment area	1+12
Nuclear Medicine room	1
Mold room	1
Patient room	1
Patient toilet and bath facilities13	12		1:4 beds	1:1216
Central bathing facility16			1	1
Administration Center or Nurses' Stations27	1		112
Newborn/well baby nursery	1:6 bassinets33
Workroom	133
Gastrointestinal endoscopy procedure room	133
Pediatric and Adolescent Unit toilet room	12, 26		126
Pharmacy	125
Staff Toilet - Male	12		1:1-15
Staff Toilet - Female	12		1:1-15
Compounding area for parenteral solutions	1
Postanesthesia care units (PACU)						1
Open plan	1:4 gurney spaces33
Individual rooms	133
Protective environment room	133
Protective environment anteroom	120,33
Protective environment toilet room	12		15	15
Psychiatric unit patient room	1		1
Radiological/Imaging Services Space	1		129
Computerized tomography (CT)
Ultrasound8			130
Angiography		14,31
Fluoroscopy8			130
Staff Toilet18 - Male	12		1:1-15
Staff Toilet18 - Female	12		1:1-15
Rehabilitation Therapy Space
Training toilet			1
Physical therapy service space	1
Occupational therapy service space	1
Speech pathology	1
Renal Dialysis Service Space	1:4 stations				1
Bloodborne Infection Isolation Room	1
Nurses' station	1
Medication dispensing	1
Home training room	1
Repair room11	1				1
Dialysis patient Toilet	12		1
Staff lounge
Staff Toilet - Male	1		1:1-15	1 shower
Staff Toilet - Female	1		1:1-15	1 shower
Surgical Service Space		233			1
Staff clothing change areas
Staff Toilet - Male	12		1	1 shower
Staff Toilet - Female	12		1	1 shower
Clean-up rooms	1
Substerile area	1
Anesthesia workroom	1
Soiled workroom or soiled holding	1					134
Cancer treatment/infusion therapy treatment	1:4 stations
Utility/Work Room
Clean21	1
Soiled22	1					114
Patient beds [Skilled Nursing/Intermediate Care  Facilities] [ medical model]	1:82		1:6	1:20
Patient toilet and bath facilities13 [Correctional  Treatment Center]	1:82		1:6	1:12
Airborne infection isolation anteroom6 [Correctional  Treatment Center]	16		16	16
Airborne infection isolation anteroom [Correctional  Treatment Center]	1
Protective environment room6 [Correctional  Treatment Center]	16		16	16
Protective environment anteroom [Correctional  Treatment Center]	1

Notes:

1. ¹   Each department or nursing unit shall be served by a housekeeping room equipped with a service sink. Departments may share service closets provided the departmental services are compatible. A dedicated housekeeping room shall be provided for the following services: Surgical/Catherization, ICU, NICU, nursery, dietary, renal dialysis and outpatient surgery.
2. ²   Conventional spouts and controls on hot-and cold-water supplies are acceptable. Aerators are not permitted. Non-aerating laminar flow devices are permitted. Nourishment areas shall have a handwashing fixture in or immediately accessible from the nourishment area, in addition to a nourishment sink
3. ³   Scrub sinks shall be located outside of sterile procedure rooms. A minimum of two scrub sinks shall be provided in a surgical unit containing one operating room. Four scrub sinks shall be provided in surgical units containing two operating rooms. One additional scrub sink shall be provided per each additional operating room.
4. ⁴   The scrub sink is in addition to the required number for surgeries.
5. ⁵   The following fixtures shall be provided in airborne infection or protective environment rooms of hospitals only:
   1. Within an adjoining toilet room, a lavatory, a shower containing a seat or a space for a shower chair, and toilet equipped with bedpan flushing attachment with a vacuum breaker.
   2. A handwashing fixture within a separate anteroom.
6. ⁶   The following fixtures shall be provided in isolation rooms of correctional treatment centers only:
   1. Within an adjoining toilet area, a handwashing fixture, a shower containing a seat or a space for a shower chair, and water closet equipped with bedpan flushing attachment with a vacuum breaker.
   2. A handwashing fixture within a separate anteroom.
7. ⁷   Includes burn center spaces, acute respiratory-care service spaces, and coronary-care service spaces.
8. ⁸   A toilet room with handwashing fixture shall directly adjoin each procedure room.
9. ⁹   One toilet with lavatory and one shower may serve two labor rooms.
10. ¹⁰  One additional scrub sink for each additional cesarean or delivery operating room.
11. ¹¹  Provide emergency eye-wash and shower.
12. ¹²  Conveniently located for staff use.
13. ¹³ Fixtures serving individual patient rooms shall not be considered as meeting the required ratios for bedrooms not served by individual adjoining toilet or bathrooms.
14. ¹⁴ The clinic sink may be deleted if all bedrooms in the nursing unit are provided with adjoining toilets with bedpan flushing devices.
15. ¹⁵ Conventional controls on hot-and cold-water supplies are acceptable. The water discharge points shall be 5 inches (127 millimeters) above the fixture rim, Aerators are not permitted. Non-aerating laminar flow devices are permitted.
16. ¹⁶ A minimum of one bathtub is required on each floor of an acute care or acute psychiatric hospital providing skilled nursing or intermediate care services. Special bathing facilities/gurney shower shall be provided at a minimum ratio of one per 100 beds for acute care facilities.
17. ¹⁷ In a multiple-bed room, every bed position shall be within 20 feet (6 meters) of a hands-free handwashing fixture. Where an individual room concept is used, a handwashing fixture shall be provided within each infant care room.
18. ¹⁸ When three or more procedure rooms are provided.
19. ¹⁹ If a separate medicine room is provided, the room shall be equipped with a sink in addition to the nurses' station handwashing fixture. Hot-water supplies are optional.
20. ²⁰ Not required when there is a handwash fixture in the patient bedroom.
21. ²¹ Handwashing fixtures may be deleted if room is used for storage and holding only.
22. ²² If room is used only for temporary holding of soiled materials, clinic sink and work counter may be omitted. If the flushing-rim clinical sink is eliminated, facilities for cleaning bedpans shall be provided elsewhere.
23. ²³ Toilet shall be equipped with a bedpan flushing attachment.
24. ²⁴ Optional services approved by the licensing agency shall comply with the applicable space requirements of OSHPD 1 and 2.
25. ²⁵ Shall be provided in each separate room where open medication is handled.
26. ²⁶ Conveniently accessible throughout the unit.
27. ²⁷ Includes rooms or areas within coronary and intensive-care units and post-anethesia recovery rooms.
28. ²⁸ Modular toilet/sink combination units located within a privacy curtain may be used within individual patient space or private room. The toilet fixture shall be completely contained within cabinetry when not in use, and shall be enclosed when flushed. Bedpan washers shall not be permitted in patient bedrooms.
29. ²⁹ In service spaces with procedure rooms that do not have dedicated patient toilets, provide a minimum of one patient toilet room with a separate handwashing fixture within the service space.
30. ³⁰ Toilet room shall be accessible from the procedure room.
31. ³¹ Scrub sink shall be located outside the staff entrance to the procedure room.
32. ³² Not used.
33. ³³ Handwashing and scrub sink fixtures shall not be equipped with wrist or elbow blades but shall be equipped with sensor controls, or controls that do not involve contact with the upper extremities.
34. ³⁴ If room is used only for temporary holding of soiled material, clinic sink and work counter may be omitted.

TABLE 4-3

TYPE OF BUILDING OR OCCUPANCY	WATER CLOSETS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)7		URINALS (TROUGH URINAL TO INDIVIDUAL URINAL EQUIVALENCE) MALE		LAVATORIES (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	BATHTUBS OR SHOWERS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)	DRINKING FOUNTAINS (FIXTURES PER PERSON)3
	MALE	FEMALE
Nonindustrial—office buildings, public buildings and similar establishments	1 1-15	1 1-15	Length of trough urinal	Number of individual urinals	1 1-15	1:10 persons per shift required to shower	—
	2 16-35	2 16-35			2 16-35
	3 36-55	3 36-55			3 36-60
	4 56-80	4 56-80	24" (610 mm)	1	4 61-90
	5 81-110	5 81-110	36" (914 mm)	2	5 91-125
	6 111-150	6 111-150	48" (1219 mm)	2
	1 additional for each additional 40 employees or fraction thereof		60" (1524 mm)	3	1 additional for each additional 4 employees or fraction thereof
Industrial—factories, warehouses, loft buildings and similar establishments	1 1-15	1 1-15	24" (610 mm)	1	1 to 100 employees 1 per 10 Over 100 employees 1 additional for each additional 15 employees or fraction thereof	1:10 persons per shift required to shower	—
	2 16-35	2 16-35	36" (914 mm)	2
	3 36-55	3 36-55	48" (1219 mm)	2
	4 56-80	4 56-80	60" (1524 mm)	3
	5 81-110	5 81-110	72" (1829 mm)	4
	6 111-150	6 111-150
	1 additional for each additional 40 employees or fraction thereof

Notes:

1. ¹   The figures shown are based on one fixture being the minimum required for the number of persons indicated or any fraction thereof.
2. ²   Each water closet shall occupy a separate compartment which shall be equipped with a door, door latch and clothes hook. The door and the walls or partitions between fixtures shall be sufficient to assure privacy.
3. ³   Drinking fountains shall not be located in toilet rooms.
4. ⁴   Washing facilities shall be reasonably accessible to all employees.
5. ⁵   Toilet facilities shall be accessible to the employees at all times. Where practicable, toilet facilities should be within 200 feet (61 m) of locations at which workers are regularly employed and should not be more than one floor-to-floor flight of stairs from working areas.
6. ⁶   Urinals may be installed instead of water closets in toilet rooms to be used only by men provided that the number of water closets shall not be less than two thirds of the minimum number of toilet facilities specified. The length of trough urinals to the equivalent number of individual urinals shall be based on the above table.
7. ⁷   When there are less than five employees, separate toilet rooms for each sex are not required provided toilet rooms can be locked from the inside and contain at least one water closet.
8. ⁸   Twenty-four linear inches of wash sink or 18 inches of circular basin, when provided with water outlets for such space, shall be considered equivalent to one lavatory.
   Exception: The requirements of Table 4-3 do not apply to mobile crews or to normally unattended work locations provided employees at these locations have immediately available transportation to nearby toilet facilities which meet the requirements of Table 4-3.

Separate toilet facilities shall be provided for each sex.

Exceptions: [Not adopted for OSHPD 1, 2, 3 & 4]

1. Residential installations.
2. In occupancies with a total occupant load of 10 or less, including customers and employees, one toilet facility, designed for use by no more than one person at a time, shall be permitted for use by both sexes.
3. In business and mercantile occupancies with a total occupant load of 50 or less including customers and employees, one toilet facility, designed for use by no more than one person at a time, shall be permitted for use by both sexes.

Additional fixtures shall be permitted to be required where unusual environmental conditions or referenced activities are encountered. In food preparation areas, fixture requirements shall be permitted to be dictated by health codes.

Each building or structure shall be provided with toilet facilities for employees and customers. Requirements for customers and employees shall be permitted to be met with a single set of restrooms accessible to both groups.

    Required toilet facilities for employees and customers located in shopping malls or centers shall be permitted to be met by providing a centrally located toilet facility accessible to several stores. The maximum travel distance from entry to any store to the toilet facility shall not exceed 300 feet (91 440 mm).

    Required toilet facilities for employees and customers in other than shopping malls or centers shall have a maximum travel distance not to exceed 500 feet (152 m).

Toilet facilities shall be provided and maintained in a sanitary condition for the use of workers during construction.