The regulations of this chapter shall
govern the installation of fuel gas piping in or in connection
with a building, structure or within the property lines of premises
up to 5 pounds-force per square inch (psi) (34 kPa), other
than service pipe. Fuel oil piping systems shall be installed
in accordance with NFPA 31.
Coverage of piping systems shall extend
from the point of delivery to the appliance connections. For
other than undiluted liquefied petroleum gas (LP-Gas) systems,
the point of delivery shall be the outlet of the service
meter assembly or the outlet of the service regulator or service
shutoff valve where no meter is provided. For undiluted
liquefied petroleum gas systems, the point of delivery shall be
considered the outlet of the final pressure regulator, exclusive
of the line gas regulators where no meter is installed.
Where a meter is installed, the point of delivery shall be the
outlet of the meter. [NFPA 54:1.1.1.1(A)]
Piping systems requirements
shall include design, materials, components, fabrications,
assembly, installation, testing, inspection, operation,
and maintenance. [NFPA 54:1.1.1.1(C)]
This code shall not apply to the following
(reference standards for some of which appear in
Chapter 17):
- Portable LP-Gas appliances and equipment that are not connected to a fixed fuel piping system.
- Installation of appliances such as brooders, dehydrators, dryers, and irrigation equipment used for agricultural purposes.
- Raw material (feedstock) applications, except for piping to special atmosphere generators.
- Oxygen-fuel gas cutting and welding systems.
- Industrial gas applications using such gases as acetylene and acetylenic compounds, hydrogen, ammonia, carbon monoxide, oxygen, and nitrogen.
- Petroleum refineries, pipeline compressor or pumping stations, loading terminals, compounding plants, refinery tank farms, and natural gas processing plants.
- Large integrated chemical plants or portions of such plants where flammable or combustible liquids or gases are produced by chemical reactions or used in chemical reactions.
- LP-Gas installations at utility gas plants.
- Liquefied natural gas (LNG) installations.
- Fuel gas piping in electric utility power plants.
- Proprietary items of equipment, apparatus, or instruments such as gas-generating sets, compressors, and calorimeters.
- LP-Gas equipment for vaporization, gas mixing, and gas manufacturing.
- LP-Gas piping for buildings under construction or renovations that are not to become part of the permanent building piping system-that is, temporary fixed piping for building heat.
- Installation of LP-Gas systems for railroad switch heating.
- Installation of LP-Gas and compressed natural gas (CNG) systems on vehicles.
- Gas piping, meters, gas-pressure regulators, and other appurtenances used by the serving gas supplier in distribution of gas, other than undiluted LP-Gas. [NFPA 54:1.1.1.2]
Upon completion of the installation,
alteration, or repair of gas piping, and prior to the
use thereof, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall be notified
that such gas piping is ready for inspection.
Excavations required for the installation
of underground piping shall be kept open until such time as
the piping has been inspected and approved. Where such piping
is covered or concealed before such approval, it shall be
exposed upon the direction of the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
The Authority Having Jurisdiction
shall make the following inspections and either shall approve
that portion of the work as completed or shall notify
the permit holder wherein the same fails to be in accordance
with this code.
This inspection
shall be made after gas piping authorized by the permit
has been installed and before such piping has been covered
or concealed or fixture or appliance has been attached
thereto. This inspection shall include a determination that the gas piping size, material, and installation meet the requirements of this code.
This inspection shall
be made after piping authorized by the permit has been
installed and after portions thereof that are to be covered
or concealed are so concealed and before fixture, appliance,
or shutoff valve has been attached thereto. This inspection
shall comply with Section 1213.1. Test gauges
used in conducting tests shall be in accordance with Section 318.0.
In cases where the work authorized
by the permit consists of a minor installation of additional
piping to piping already connected to a gas meter, the
foregoing inspections shall be permitted to be waived at the discretion of the Authority Having Jurisdiction. In this event,
the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall make such inspection
as deemed advisable in order to be assured that the work has
been performed in accordance with the intent of this code.
Where upon final piping inspection, the installation
is found to be in accordance with the provisions of
this code, a certificate of inspection shall be permitted to be
issued by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
A copy of the certificate of such final
piping inspection shall be issued to the serving gas supplier
supplying gas to the premises.
It shall be unlawful for a serving gas supplier,
or person furnishing gas, to tum on or cause to be turned
on, a fuel gas or a gas meter or meters, until such certificate
of final inspection, as herein provided, has been issued.
It shall be unlawful for a person,
firm, or corporation, excepting an authorized agent or
employee of a person, firm, or corporation engaged in the
business of furnishing or supplying gas and whose service
pipes supply or connect with the particular premises, to tum
on or reconnect gas service in or on a premises where and
when gas service is, at the time, not being rendered.
It shall be unlawful to tum on or connect gas
in or on the premises unless outlets are securely connected to
gas appliances or capped or plugged with screw joint fittings.
The Authority Having Jurisdiction or
the serving gas supplier is hereby authorized to disconnect
gas piping or appliance or both that shall be found not to be
in accordance with the requirements of this code or that are
found defective and in such condition as to endanger life or
property.
Where such disconnection has been made, a notice shall be attached to such gas piping or appliance or both that shall state the same has been disconnected, together with the reasons thereof.
It shall be unlawful to remove or
disconnect gas piping or gas appliance without capping or
plugging with a screw joint fitting, the outlet from which said
pipe or appliance was removed. Outlets to which gas appliances
are not connected shall be left capped and gastight on
a piping system that has been installed, altered, or repaired.
Exception: Where an approved listed quick-disconnect device is used.
Exception: Where an approved listed quick-disconnect device is used.
Where temporary use of gas is desired and
the Authority Having Jurisdiction deems the use necessary, a permit shall be permitted to be issued for such use for a period
of time not to exceed that designated by the Authority
Having Jurisdiction, provided that such gas piping system
otherwise is in accordance with the requirements of this code
regarding material, sizing, and safety.
Where required by the
Authority Having Jurisdiction, a piping sketch or plan shall be
prepared before proceeding with the installation. This plan
shall show the proposed location of piping, the size of different
branches, the various load demands, and the location of
the point of delivery. [NFPA 54:5.1.1]
Where additional
appliances are being connected to a gas piping system,
the existing piping shall be checked to determine
whether it has adequate capacity. Where inadequate, the
existing system shall be enlarged as required, or separate
gas piping of approve capacity shall be provided.
[NFPA 54:5.1.2]
The location
of the point of delivery shall be acceptable to the serving
gas supplier. [NFPA 54:5.2]
Where two or more meters, or two or more service regulators
where meters are not provided, are located on the same premises
and supply separate users, the gas piping systems shall
not be interconnected on the outlet side of the meters or service
regulators. [NFPA 54:5.3.1]
Where a supplementary gas for standby use is connected downstream
from a meter or a service regulator where a meter
is not provided, a device to prevent backflow shall be installed.
A three-way valve installed to admit the standby
supply, and at the same time shut off the regular supply,
shall be permitted to be used for this purpose. [NFPA
54:5.3.2]
Gas piping systems
shall be of such size and so installed as to provide a supply of
gas to meet the maximum demand and supply gas to each appliance
inlet at not less than the minimum supply pressure required
by the appliance. [NFPA 54:5.4.1]
The volumetric flow
rate of gas to be provided (in cubic feet per hour) shall be
calculated using the manufacturer's input ratings of the
appliance served, adjusted for altitude. Where the input
rating is not indicated, the gas supplier, appliance manufacturer,
or a qualified agency shall be contacted or the
rating from Table 1208.4.1 shall be used for estimating
the volumetric flow rate of gas to be supplied.
The total connected hourly load shall be used as the basis for piping sizing, assuming the appliances are operating at full capacity simultaneously.
Exception: Sizing shall be permitted to be based upon established load diversity factors. [NFPA 54:5.4.2]
For SI units: 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW
The total connected hourly load shall be used as the basis for piping sizing, assuming the appliances are operating at full capacity simultaneously.
Exception: Sizing shall be permitted to be based upon established load diversity factors. [NFPA 54:5.4.2]
| APPLIANCE | INPUT (Btu/h approx.) |
|---|---|
| Space Heating Units Warm air furnace Single family Hydronic boiler Multifamily, per unit Single family Multifamily, per unit |
100000 60000 100000 60000 |
| Space and Water Heating Units Hydronic boiler Single family Multifamily, per unit |
120000 75000 |
| Water Heating Appliances Water heater, automatic storage 30 to 40 gallon tank Water heater, automatic storage 50 gallon tank Water heater, automatic instantaneous Capacity at 2 gallons per minute Water heater, domestic, circulating or Capacity at 4 gallons per minute Capacity at 6 gallons per minute side-arm |
35000 50000 142800 285000 428400 35000 |
| Cooking Appliances Range, freestanding, domestic Built-in oven or broiler unit, domestic Built-in top unit, domestic |
65000 25000 40000 |
| Other Appliances Refrigerator Clothes dryer, Type 1 (domestic) Gas fireplace direct vent Gas log Barbecue Gaslight |
3000 35000 40000 80000 40000 2500 |
Gas piping shall be sized in
accordance with one of the following:
- Pipe sizing tables or sizing equations in this chapter.
- Other approved engineering methods acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
- Sizing tables included in a listed piping system manufacturer's instructions. [NFPA 54:5.4.3]
The design pressure
loss in a piping system under maximum probable flow conditions, from the point of delivery to the inlet connection
of the appliance, shall be such that the supply
pressure at the appliance is greater than or equal to the
minimum pressure required by the appliance. [NFPA
54:5.4.4]
Materials used for piping systems shall be in accordance with
the requirements of this chapter or shall be acceptable to the
Authority Having Jurisdiction. [NFPA 54:5.6.1.1]
Pipe, fittings, valves, or other materials
shall not be used again unless they are free of foreign
materials and have been ascertained to be approved
for the service intended. [NFPA 54:5.6.1.2]
Material not covered
by the standards specifications listed herein
shall be investigated and tested to determine that it
is safe and approved for the proposed service and, in addition, shall be recommended for that service by
the manufacturer and shall be acceptable to the Authority
Having Jurisdiction. [NFPA 54:5.6.1.3]
Cast-iron pipe shall not be used. [NFPA 54:5.6.2.1]
Steel and wrought-iron pipe shall be not less than standard
weight (Schedule 40) and shall comply with one of
the following standards:
- ASME B36.10
- ASTM A53
- ASTM A106 [NFPA 54:5.6.2.2]
Copper and copper alloy pipe shall not be used where the gas contains more than an average of 0.3 grains of hydrogen
sulfide per 100 standard cubic feet (sct) of
gas (0.7 mg/100 L).
Threaded copper, copper alloy, or aluminum alloy pipe shall not be used with gases corrosive to such material.
Threaded copper, copper alloy, or aluminum alloy pipe shall not be used with gases corrosive to such material.
Aluminum alloy pipe shall comply with ASTM B241 (except that the use
of alloy 5456 is prohibited) and shall be marked at
each end of each length indicating compliance. Aluminum
alloy pipe shall be coated to protect against
external corrosion where it is in contact with masonry,
plaster, insulation or is subject to repeated
wettings by such liquids as water, detergents, or
sewage. [NFPA 54:5.6.2.5]
Aluminum alloy pipe shall not be used in exterior locations or underground. [NFPA 54:5.6.2.6]
Aluminum alloy pipe shall not be used in exterior locations or underground. [NFPA 54:5.6.2.6]
Seamless copper, aluminum
alloy, or steel tubing shall not be used with gases corrosive
to such material. [NFPA 54:5.6.3]
Steel tubing shall comply with
ASTM A254. [NFPA 54:5.6.3.1]
Copper
and copper alloy tubing shall not be used where the
gas contains more than an average of 0.3 grains of
hydrogen sulfide per 100 scf of gas (0.7 mg/100 L).
Copper tubing shall comply with standard Type K
or L of ASTM B88 or ASTM B280.
Aluminum alloy tubing
shall comply with ASTM B210 or ASTM B241.
Aluminum alloy tubing shall be coated to protect
against external corrosion where it is in contact with
masonry, plaster, insulation, or is subject to repeated
wettings by such liquids as water, detergent, or
sewage. Aluminum alloy tubing shall not be used in
exterior locations or underground. [NFPA
54:5.6.3.3]
Corrugated
stainless steel tubing shall be listed in accordance
with CSA LC-1. [NFPA 54:5.6.3.4]
Polyethylene
plastic pipe, tubing, and fittings used to supply fuel
gas shall be in accordance with ASTM D2513. Pipe to
be used shall be marked "gas" and "ASTM D2513."
[NFPA 54:5.6.4.1.1]
Plastic pipe and
fittings used to connect regulator vents to remote
vent terminations shall be PVC in accordance with
UL 651. PVC vent piping shall not be installed indoors.
[NFPA 54:5.6.4.2]
Anodeless risers shall
comply with Section 1208.5.4.2.1 through Section
1208.5.4.2.3. [NFPA 54:5.6.4.3]
Factory-assembled anodeless risers shall
be recommended by the manufacturer for the gas
used and shall be leak-tested by the manufacturer
in accordance with written procedures. [NFPA
54:5.6.4.3(1)]
Service head
adapters and field-assembled anodeless risers incorporating
service head adapters shall be recommended
by the manufacturer for the gas used
and shall be design-certified to be in accordance
with the requirements of Category I of ASTM
D2513. The manufacturer shall provide the user
qualified installation instructions. [NFPA
54:5.6.4.3(2)]
The use of plastic pipe, tubing, and
fittings in undiluted liquefied petroleum gas piping
systems shall be in accordance with NFPA
58. [NFPA 54:5.6.4.3(3)]
Gas pipe, tubing,
and fittings shall be clear and free from cutting
burrs and defects in structure or threading, and shall be
thoroughly brushed and chip and scale blown. Defects in pipe, tubing, and fittings shall not be repaired. Defective
pipe, tubing, and fittings shall be replaced.
[NFPA 54:5.6.5]
Where in contact with material
or atmosphere exerting a corrosive action, metallic
piping and fittings coated with a corrosion-resistant material
shall be used. External or internal coatings or linings
used on piping or components shall not be
considered as adding strength. [NFPA 54:5.6.6]
Metallic pipe and fitting
threads shall be taper pipe threads and shall comply
with ASME B1.20.1. [NFPA 54:5.6.7.1]
Pipe with threads
that are stripped, chipped, corroded, or otherwise
damaged shall not be used. Where a weld opens during
the operation of cutting or threading, that portion
of the pipe shall not be used. [NFPA 54:5.6.7.2]
Field threading of
metallic pipe shall be in accordance with Table
1208.5.7.2. [NFPA 54:5.6.7.3]
For SI Units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm
| IRON PIPE SIZE (inches) |
APPROXIMATE LENGTH OF THREADED PORTION (inches) |
APPROXIMATE NUMBER OF THREADS TO BE CUT |
|---|---|---|
| 1/2 | 3/4 | 10 |
| 3/4 | 3/4 | 10 |
| 1 | 7/8 | 10 |
| 11/4 | 1 | 11 |
| 3/2 | 1 | 11 |
| 2 | 1 | 11 |
| 21/2 | 11/2 | 12 |
| 3 | 11/2 | 12 |
| 4 | 15/8 | 13 |
Thread joint
compounds shall be resistant to the action of liquefied
petroleum gas or to other chemical constituents
of the gases to be conducted through the piping.
[NFPA 54:5.6.7.4]
The type
of piping joint used shall be approved for the pressure temperature
conditions and shall be selected giving consideration
to joint tightness and mechanical strength
under the service conditions. The joint shall be able to
sustain the maximum end force due to the internal pressure
and additional forces due to temperature expansion
or contraction, vibration, fatigue, or to the weight of the
pipe and its contents. [NFPA 54:5.6.8]
Pipe joints shall be threaded,
flanged, brazed, welded, or press-connect fittings made in accordance with CSA LC-4. Where nonferrous pipe is brazed, the brazing materials shall have a
melting point in excess of 1000°F (538°C). Brazing
alloys shall not contain more than 0.05 percent phosphorus.
Tubing joints shall either
be made with approved gas tubing fittings, be brazed
with a material having a melting point in excess of
1000°F (538°C), or made by press-connect fittings
in accordance with CSA LC-4. Brazing alloys shall
not contain more than 0.05 percent phosphorus.
[NFPA 54:5.6.8.2]
Flared joints shall be used
in systems constructed from nonferrous pipe and
tubing where experience or tests have demonstrated
that the joint is approved for the conditions and
where provisions are made in the design to prevent
separation of the joints. [NFPA 54:5.6.8.3]
Metallic pipe fittings
shall comply with the following:
- Threaded fittings in sizes exceeding 4 inches (100 mm) shall not be used unless acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
- Fittings used with steel or wrought-iron pipe shall be steel, copper alloy, malleable iron, or cast-iron.
- Fittings used with copper or copper alloy pipe shall be copper or copper alloy.
- Fittings used with aluminum alloy pipe shall be of aluminum alloy.
- Cast-iron fittings shall comply with the following:
- Flanges shall be permitted.
- Bushings shall not be used.
- Fittings shall not be used in systems containing flammable gas-air mixtures.
- Fittings in sizes 4 inches (100 mm) and larger shall not be used indoors unless approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
- Fittings in sizes 6 inches (150 mm) and larger shall not be used unless approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
- Aluminum alloy fitting threads shall not fonn the joint seal.
- Zinc-aluminum alloy fittings shall not be used in systems containing flammable gas-air mixtures.
- Special fittings such as couplings; proprietary type
joints; saddle tees; gland-type compression
fittings; and flared, flareless, or compression type
tubing fittings shall be as follows:
- Used within the fitting manufacturer's pressure-temperature recommendations.
- Used within the service conditions anticipated with respect to vibration, fatigue, thermal expansion, or contraction.
- Installed or braced to prevent separation of the joint by gas pressure or external physical damage.
- Acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
Plastic
pipe, tubing, and fittings shall be installed in accordance
with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Section
1208.5.9.1 through Section 1208.5.9.4 shall be observed
where making such joints. [NFPA 54:5.6.9]
The joint shall be designed
and installed so that the longitudinal pullout
resistance of the joint shall be equal to the tensile
strength of the plastic piping material. [NFPA 54:5.6.9(1)]
Heat-fusion
joints shall be made in accordance with qualified
procedures that have been established and proven by
test to produce gas-tight joints as strong as the pipe or
tubing being joined. Joints shall be made with the
joining method recommended by the pipe manufacturer.
Heat-fusion fittings shall be marked "ASTM
D2513." [NFPA 54:5.6.9(2)]
Where compression-type mechanical joints
are used, the gasket material in the fitting shall be
compatible with the plastic piping and with the gas
distributed by the system. An internal tubular rigid
stiffener shall be used in conjunction with the fitting.
The stiffener shall be flush with the end of the pipe
or tubing and shall extend not less than the outside
end of the compression fitting where installed. The
stiffener shall be free of rough or sharp edges and
shall not be a forced tit in the plastic. Split tubular
stiffeners shall not be used. [NFPA 54:5.6.9(3)]
Plastic piping joints and fittings for use in liquefied
petroleum gas piping systems shall be in
accordance with NFPA 58. [NFPA 54:5.6.9(4)]
Flanges shall comply with ASME
B16.1, ASME B16.20, or MSS SP-6. The pressure-temperature
ratings shall equal or exceed that required by
the application. [NFPA 54:5.6.10]
Standard facings shall
be permitted for use under this code. Where 150 psi
(1034 kPa) steel flanges are bolted to Class 125
cast-iron flanges, the raised face on the steel flange
shall be removed. [NFPA 54:5.6.10.1]
Lapped flanges shall
be used aboveground or in exposed locations accessible
for inspection. [NFPA 54:5.6.10.2]
The material for gaskets shall
be capable of withstanding the design temperature and pressure of the piping system and the chemical constituents
of the gas being conducted without change to
its chemical and physical properties. The effects of fire
exposure to the joint shall be considered in choosing the
material. [NFPA 54:5.6.11] Flange gaskets shall comply
with the following requirements:
- Acceptable materials include the following:
- Metal (plain or corrugated)
- Composition
- Aluminum o-rings and spiral-wound metal gaskets [NFPA 54:5.6.11.1]
- Where a flanged joint is opened, the gasket shall be replaced. [NFPA 54:5.6.11.2]
- Full-face gaskets shall be used with bronze and cast-iron flanges. [NFPA 54:5.6.11.3]
Gas meters shall be selected for the maximum
expected pressure and permissible pressure drop.
[NFPA 54:5.7.1]
Gas meters shall be located in ventilated
spaces readily accessible for examination, reading,
replacement, or necessary maintenance. [NFPA
54:5.7.2.1]
Gas meters shall not
be placed where they will be subjected to damage,
such as adjacent to a driveway; under a fire escape;
in public passages, halls, or coal bins; or where they
will be subject to excessive corrosion or vibration.
[NFPA 54:5.7.2.2]
Gas meters
shall not be located where they will be subjected to
extreme temperatures or sudden extreme changes in
temperature. Meters shall not be located in areas
where they are subjected to temperatures beyond
those recommended by the manufacturer. [NFPA
54:5.7.2.3]
Gas meters shall be supported or
connected to rigid piping so as not to exert a strain on the
meters. Where flexible connectors are used to connect a
gas meter to downstream piping at mobile homes in mobile
home parks, the meter shall be supported by a post
or bracket placed in a firm footing or by other means providing
equivalent support. [NFPA 54:5.7.3]
Meters shall be protected
against overpressure, backpressure, and vacuum. [NFPA
54:5.7.4]
Gas piping at multiple meter installations
shall be marked by a metal tag or other permanent
means attached by the installing agency,
designating the building or the part of the building being
supplied. [NFPA 54:5.7.5]
A line pressure regulator or
gas appliance pressure regulator, as applicable, shall be installed
where the gas supply pressure exceeds that at which the branch supply line or appliances are designed to operate or vary
beyond design pressure limits. [NFPA 54:5.8.1]
Where the gas supply
design pressure in piping systems located indoors exceeds
2 psi (14 kPa) and line pressure regulators are
installed to reduce the supply pressure to 14 inches water
column (3.5 kPa) or less, the following shall apply:
- Regulators shall be provided with factory installed overpressure protection devices.
- Overpressure protection devices shall limit the pressure downstream of the line pressure regulator to 2 psi (14 kPa) in the event of failure of the line pressure regulator. [NFPA 54:5.8.3]
Line pressure regulators shall be listed in accordance with CSA Z21.80. [NFPA 54:5.8.2]
The gas pressure regulator shall be
accessible for servicing. [NFPA 54:5.8.4]
Pressure regulators shall
be protected against physical damage. [NFPA 54:5.8.5]
Line pressure regulators shall comply with the following:
- An independent vent to the exterior of the building,
sized in accordance with the regulator manufacturer's
instructions, shall be provided where the location
of a regulator is such that a ruptured
diaphragm will cause a hazard. Where more than one
regulator is at a location, each regulator shall have a
separate vent to the outdoors, or where approved by
the Authority Having Jurisdiction, the vent lines shall
be permitted to be manifolded in accordance with accepted
engineering practices to minimize backpressure
in the event of diaphragm failure. Materials for
vent piping shall comply with Section 1208.5.
Exception: A regulator and vent limiting means combination listed in accordance with CSA Z21.80 shall be permitted to be used without a vent to the outdoors. - The vent shall be designed to prevent the entry of water, insects, or other foreign materials that will cause blockage.
- The regulator vent shall terminate not less than 3 feet (914 mm) from a source of ignition.
- At locations where regulators will be submerged during floods, a special antiflood-type breather vent fitting shall be installed, or the vent line shall be extended above the height of the expected flood waters.
- A regulator shall not be vented to the appliance flue or exhaust system. [NFPA 54:5.8.6.1]
Venting of gas appliance pressure regulators
shall be in accordance with the following requirements:
- Appliance pressure regulators requiring access to the atmosphere for successful operation shall be equipped with vent piping leading outdoors or, where the regulator vent is an integral part of the appliance, into the combustion chamber adjacent to a continuous pilot, unless constructed or equipped with a vent-limiting means to limit the escape of gas from the vent opening in the event of diaphragm failure.
- Vent limiting means shall be employed on listed appliance pressure regulators.
- In the case of vents leading outdoors, means shall be employed to prevent water from entering this piping and also to prevent blockage of vents by insects and foreign matter.
- Under no circumstances shall a regulator be vented to the appliance flue or exhaust system.
- In the case of vents entering the combustion chamber, the vent shall be located so the escaping gas will be readily ignited by the pilot and the heat liberated thereby will not adversely affect the normal operation of the safety shutoff system. The terminus of the vent shall be securely held in a fixed position relative to the pilot. For manufactured gas, the need for a flame arrester in the vent piping shall be determined.
- Vent lines from a gas appliance pressure regulator and bleed lines from a diaphragm-type valve shall not be connected to a common manifold terminating in a combustion chamber. Vent lines shall not terminate in positive-pressure-type combustion chambers. [NFPA 54:9.1.19]
The discharge of vents
shall be in accordance with the following requirements:
- The discharge stacks, vents, or outlet parts of pressure-relieving and pressure-limiting devices shall be located so that gas is safely discharged to the outdoors.
- Discharge stacks or vents shall be designed to prevent the entry of water, insects, or other foreign material that could cause blockage. The discharge stack or vent line shall be not less than the same size as the outlet of the pressure-relieving device. [NFPA 54:5.9.7]
Valved and regulated bypasses
shall be permitted to be placed around gas line pressure
regulators where continuity of service is imperative.
[NFPA 54:5.8.7]
Line pressure regulators at multiple
regulator installations shall be marked by a metal
tag or other permanent means designating the building
or the part of the building being supplied. [NFPA 54:5.8.8]
Protective devices shall be installed as close to the equipment as practical where the design
of the equipment connected is such that air, oxygen, or
standby gases are capable of being forced into the gas supply
system. Gas and air combustion mixers incorporating double
diaphragm "zero" or "atmosphere" governors or regulators
shall require no further protection unless connected directly to compressed air or oxygen at pressures of 5 psi (34 kPa) or
more. [NFPA 54:5.10.1]
Protective devices shall include,
but not be limited to the following:
- Check valves.
- Three-way valves (of the type that completely closes one side before starting to open the other side).
- Reverse flow indicators controlling positive shutoff valves.
- Normally closed air-actuated positive shutoff pressure regulators. [NFPA 54:5.10.2]
A protective device shall
be installed between the meter and the appliance or equipment
where the operation of the appliance or equipment is
such that it is capable of producing a vacuum or a dangerous
reduction in gas pressure at the meter. Such protective devices
include, but are not limited to, mechanical, diaphragm-operated,
or electrically operated low-pressure shutoff valves.
[NFPA 54:5.11]
Shutoff valves shall be approved
and shall be selected giving consideration to pressure drop,
service involved, emergency use, and reliability of operation.
Shutoff valves of size 1 inch (25 mm) National Pipe Thread
and smaller shall be listed. [NFPA 54:5.12]
Piping systems shall be
designed to prevent failure from thermal expansion or contraction.
[NFPA 54:5.14.1]
Where local conditions
include earthquake, tornado, unstable ground, or
flood hazards, special consideration shall be given to increased
strength and flexibility of piping supports and
connections. [NFPA 54:5.14.2]
Where automatic excess flow valves are installed,
they shall be listed, sized, and installed in accordance
with the manufacturer's installation instructions. [NFPA
54:5.13]
Underground gas piping shall
be installed with approved clearance from other underground
structures to avoid contact therewith, to allow maintenance,
and to protect against damage from proximity to other structures.
In addition, underground plastic piping shall be installed
with approved clearance or shall be insulated from
sources of heat so as to prevent the heat from impairing the
serviceability of the pipe. [NFPA 54:7.1.1]
Underground piping
systems shall be installed with a cover not less than 12
inches (305 mm). Where external damage to the pipe or
tubing from external forces is likely to result, the cover
shall be not less than 18 inches (457 mm). Where a cover
not less than 12 inches (305 mm) cannot be provided, the pipe shall be installed in conduit or bridged (shielded).
[NFPA 54:7.1.2.1]
The trench shall be graded so that
the pipe has a firm, substantially continuous bearing on
the bottom of the trench. [NFPA 54:7.1.2.2]
Where flooding of the
trench is done to consolidate the backfill, care shall
be exercised to see that the pipe is not floated from
its firm bearing on the trench bottom. [NFPA 54:7.1.2.3]
Gas piping in
contact with earth or other material that is capable of corroding
the piping shall be protected against corrosion in
an approved manner. Where dissimilar metals are joined
underground, an insulating coupling or fitting shall be
used. Piping shall not be laid in contact with cinders. Uncoated
threaded or socket-welded joints shall not be used
in piping in contact with soil or where internal or external
crevice corrosion is known to occur. [NFPA 54:7.1.3]
Where the formation
of hydrates or ice is known to occur, piping shall
be protected against freezing. [NFPA 54:7.1.4]
Underground
piping installed through the outer foundation or
basement wall of a building shall be encased in a protective
sleeve or protected by an approved device or
method. The space between the gas piping and the sleeve
and between the sleeve and the wall shall be sealed to
prevent entry of gas and water. [NFPA 54:7.1.5]
Where gas piping is installed underground beneath
buildings, the piping shall be one of the following:
- Encased in an approved conduit designed to withstand the imposed loads and installed in accordance with Section 1210.1.6.1 or Section 1210.1.6.2.
- A piping or encasement system listed for installation beneath buildings. [NFPA 54:7.1.6]
The conduit shall extend into an accessible portion of the building and, at the point
where the conduit terminates in the building, the
space between the conduit and the gas piping shall
be sealed to prevent the possible entrance of a gas
leakage. Where the end sealing is of a type that will
retain the full pressure of the pipe, the conduit shall
be designed for the same pressure as the pipe. The
conduit shall extend not less than 4 inches (102 mm)
outside the building, be vented outdoors above finished
ground level, and be installed so as to prevent
the entrance of water and insects. [NFPA 54:7.1.6.1]
Where the conduit originates and terminates
within the same building, the conduit shall
originate and terminate in an accessible portion of
the building and shall not be sealed. [NFPA
54:7.1.6.2]
Plastic piping shall be installed
outdoors, underground only.
Exceptions:
Exceptions:
- Plastic piping shall be permitted to terminate aboveground where an anodeless riser is used.
- Plastic piping shall be permitted to terminate with a wall head adapter aboveground in buildings, including basements, where the plastic piping is inserted in a piping material permitted for use in buildings. [NFPA 54:7.1.7.1]
Connections made between metallic
and plastic piping shall be made with fittings that
are in accordance with one of the following:
- ASTM D2513
- ASTM F1973
- ASTM F2509 [NFPA 54:7.1.7.2]
An electrically continuous
corrosion-resistant tracer wire (not less than AWG
14) or tape shall be buried with the plastic pipe to
facilitate locating. One end of the tracer wire or tape shall be brought aboveground at a building wall or
riser. [NFPA 54:7.1.7.3]
Piping installed aboveground
shall be securely supported and located where it will be protected
from physical damage. Where passing through an exterior
wall, the piping shall be protected against corrosion by
coating or wrapping with an inert material approved for such
applications. The piping shall be sealed around its circumference
at the point of the exterior penetration to prevent the
entry of water, insects, and rodents. Where piping is encased
in a protective pipe sleeve, the annular spaces between the
gas piping and the sleeve and between the sleeve and the wall
opening shall be sealed. [NFPA 54:7.2.1]
The installation of gas piping
shall not cause structural stresses within building
components to exceed allowable design limits. Approval
shall be obtained before beams or joists are cut or
notched. [NFPA 54:7.2.2]
Permission shall be obtained from the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
Permission shall be obtained from the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
Piping for other than
dry gas conditions shall be sloped not less than 1/4 inch in
15 feet (1.4 mm/m) to prevent traps. [NFPA 54:7.2.3]
Gas piping shall be
permitted to be installed in accessible spaces between
a fixed ceiling and a dropped ceiling, whether
or not such spaces are used as a plenum. Valves shall
not be located in such spaces.
Exception: Appliance or equipment shutoff valves required by this code shall be permitted to be installed in accessible spaces containing vented appliances.
Exception: Appliance or equipment shutoff valves required by this code shall be permitted to be installed in accessible spaces containing vented appliances.
Gas piping inside a building
shall not be installed in or through a clothes chute,
chimney or gas vent, dumbwaiter, elevator shaft, or air
duct, other than combustion air ducts. [NFPA 54:7.2.4]
Exception: Ducts used to provide ventilation air in accordance with Section 506.0 or to above-ceiling spaces in accordance with Section 1210.2.2.1.
Exception: Ducts used to provide ventilation air in accordance with Section 506.0 or to above-ceiling spaces in accordance with Section 1210.2.2.1.
Piping shall
be supported with metal pipe hooks, metal pipe straps,
metal bands, metal brackets, metal hangers, or building
structural components; approved for the size of piping; of
adequate strength and quality; and located at intervals so
as to prevent or damp out excessive vibration. Piping
shall be anchored to prevent undue strains on connected
appliances and equipment and shall not be supported by
other piping. Pipe hangers and supports shall comply
with the requirements of MSS SP-58. [NFPA 54:7.2.5.1]
Spacing of supports in gas piping
installations shall not exceed the distance shown
in Table 1210.2.4.1. Spacing of supports for CSST
shall be in accordance with the CSST manufacturer's
instructions. [NFPA 54:7.2.5.2]
For SI umts: 1 Inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm
| STEEL PIPE, NOMINAL SIZE OF PIPE (inches) |
SPACING OF SUPPORTS (feet) |
NOMINAL SIZE OF TUBING SMOOTH-WALL (inches O.D.) |
SPACING OF SUPPORTS (feet) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/2 | 6 | 1/2 | 4 |
| 3/4 or 1 | 8 | 5/8 or 3/4 | 6 |
| 11/4 or larger (horizontal) |
10 | 7/8 or 1 (horizontal) | 8 |
| 11/4 or larger (vertical) |
Every floor level |
1 or longer (vertical) |
Every floor level |
Supports,
hangers, and anchors shall be installed so as not to
interfere with the free expansion and contraction of
the piping between anchors. Parts of the supporting
system shall be designed and installed so they are
not disengaged by movement of the supported piping.
[NFPA 54:7.2.5.3]
Where piping containing
gas is to be removed, the line shall be first disconnected
from sources of gas and then thoroughly purged with air,
water, or inert gas before cutting or welding is done.
[NFPA 54:7.2.6]
Gas piping in concealed
locations shall be installed in accordance with this section.
[NFPA 54:7.3.1]
Where gas piping is to be concealed,
connections shall be of the following type:
- Pipe fittings such as elbows, tees, couplings, and right/left nipple/couplings.
- Joining tubing by brazing (see Section 1208.5.8.2).
- Fittings listed for use in concealed spaces or that have been demonstrated to sustain, without leakage, forces due to temperature expansion or contraction, vibration, or fatigue based on their geographic location, application, or operation.
- Where necessary to insert fittings in gas pipe that has been installed in a concealed location, the pipe shall be reconnected by welding, flanges, or the use of a right/left nipple/coupling.
Concealed gas piping
shall not be located in solid partitions. [NFPA 54:7.3.3]
This provision shall not
apply to tubing that pierces walls, floors, or partitions.
Tubing installed vertically and horizontally inside hollow
walls or partitions without protection along its entire
concealed length shall be in accordance with the
following requirements:
- A steel striker barrier not less than 0.0508 of an inch (1.3 mm) thick, or equivalent, shall be installed between the tubing and the finished wall and extend not less than 4 inches (102 mm) beyond concealed penetrations of plates, firestops, wall studs, and similar construction features.
- The tubing shall be installed in single runs and shall not be rigidly secured. [NFPA 54:7.3.4]
In industrial occupancies, gas
piping in solid floors such as concrete shall be laid in
channels in the floor and covered to permit access to the
piping with minimum damage to the building. Where
piping in floor channels is exposed to excessive moisture
or corrosive substances, the piping shall be protected in
an approved manner. [NFPA 54:7.3.5.1]
Exception: In other than industrial occupancies and where approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, gas piping embedded in concrete floor slabs constructed with portland cement shall be surrounded with not less than 11/2 inches (38 mm) of concrete and shall not be in physical contact with other metallic structures such as reinforcing rods or electrically neutral conductors. Piping, fittings, and risers shall be protected against corrosion in accordance with Section 1208.5.6. Piping shall not be embedded in concrete slabs containing quick-set additives or cinder aggregate. [NFPA 54:7.3.5.2]
Exception: In other than industrial occupancies and where approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction, gas piping embedded in concrete floor slabs constructed with portland cement shall be surrounded with not less than 11/2 inches (38 mm) of concrete and shall not be in physical contact with other metallic structures such as reinforcing rods or electrically neutral conductors. Piping, fittings, and risers shall be protected against corrosion in accordance with Section 1208.5.6. Piping shall not be embedded in concrete slabs containing quick-set additives or cinder aggregate. [NFPA 54:7.3.5.2]
Where gas piping exceeding
5 psi (34 kPa) is located within vertical chases in accordance
with Section 1210.5(2), the requirements of Section
1210.4.1 through Section 1210.4.3 shall apply. [NFPA 54:7.4]
Where pressure reduction
is required in branch connections in accordance with Section
1210.5, such reduction shall take place either inside
the chase or immediately adjacent to the outside wall of
the chase. Regulator venting and downstream overpressure
protection shall comply with Section 1208.7.1 and
Section 1208.7.5. The regulator shall be accessible for
service and repair, and vented in accordance with one of
the following:
- Where the fuel gas is lighter than air, regulators equipped with a vent limiting means shall be permitted to be vented into the chase. Regulators not equipped with a vent limiting means shall be permitted to be vented either directly to the outdoors or to a point within the top 1 foot (305 mm) of the chase.
- Where the fuel gas is heavier than air, the regulator vent shall be vented directly to the outdoors. [NFPA 54:7.4.1]
Chase construction shall comply
with local building codes with respect to fire resistance
and protection of horizontal and vertical openings.
[NFPA 54:7.4.2]
A chase shall be ventilated to the
outdoors and at the top. The openings shall have a minimum
free area [in square inches (m2)] equal to the product
of one-half of the maximum pressure in the piping
[in psi (kPa)] times the largest nominal diameter of that
piping [in inches (mm)], or the cross-sectional area of
the chase, whichever is smaller. Where more than one
fuel gas piping system is present, the free area for each
system shall be calculated and the largest area used.
[NFPA 54:7.4.31
The maximum
design operating pressure for piping systems located inside
buildings shall not exceed 5 psi (34 kPa) unless one or
more of the following conditions are met:
- The piping system is welded.
- The piping is located in a ventilated chase or otherwise enclosed for protection against accidental gas accumulation.
- The piping is located inside buildings or separate areas of
buildings used exclusively for one of the following:
- Industrial processing or heating
- Research
- Warehousing
- Boiler or mechanical equipment rooms
- The piping is a temporary installation for buildings under construction.
- The piping serves appliances or equipment used for agricultural purposes.
- The piping system is an LP-Gas piping system with a design operating pressure exceeding 20 psi (138 kPa) and in accordance with NFPA 58. LP-Gas systems designed to operate below -5°F (-21°C) or with butane or a propane-butane mix shall be designed to either accommodate liquid LP-Gas or to prevent LP-Gas vapor from condensing back into liquid. [NFPA 54:5.5]
The maximum
operating pressure for piping systems serving appliances designed
to operate at 14 inches water column (3.5 kPa) inlet
pressure or less shall be 2 pounds-force per square inch gauge
(psig) (14 kPa) unless an over-pressure protection device designed
to limit pressure at the appliance to 2 psig (14 kPa) upon
failure of the line gas pressure regulator is installed.
Changes in direction of gas pipe
shall be made by the use of fittings, factory bends, or field
bends. [NFPA 54:7.5]
Metallic pipe bends shall comply
with the following:
- Bends shall be made with bending equipment and procedures intended for that purpose.
- Bends shall be smooth and free from buckling, cracks, or other evidence of mechanical damage.
- The longitudinal weld of the pipe shall be near the neutral axis of the bend.
- The pipe shall not be bent through an arc of more than 90 degrees (1.57 rad).
- The inside radius of a bend shall be not less than six times the outside diameter of the pipe. [NFPA 54:7.5.1]
Plastic pipe bends shall comply
with the following:
- The pipe shall not be damaged, and the internal diameter of the pipe shall not be effectively reduced.
- Joints shall not be located in pipe bends.
- The radius of the inner curve of such bends shall be not less than 25 times the inside diameter of the pipe.
- Where the piping manufacturer specifies the use of special bending equipment or procedures, such equipment or procedures shall be used. [NFPA 54:7.5.2]
Factory-made welding elbows or
transverse segments cut therefrom shall have an arc
length measured along the crotch of not less than 1 inch
(25.4 mm) for pipe sizes 2 inches (50 mm) and larger.
[NFPA 54:7.5.3]
For other than dry gas conditions, a drip shall be provided at a point in the line of
pipe where condensate is capable of collecting. Where required
by the Authority Having Jurisdiction or the serving gas
supplier, a drip shall also be provided at the outlet of the
meter. This drip shall be so installed as to constitute a trap
wherein an accumulation of condensate will shut off the flow
of gas before it will run back into the meter. [NFPA 54:7.6.1]
Drips shall be installed in such locations that they will be readily accessible to permit
cleaning or emptying. A drip shall not be located
where the condensate is likely to freeze. [NFPA 54:7.6.2]
The installation of sediment traps shall comply with Section 1212.8. [NFPA 54:7.6.3]
Outlets shall be located and installed in accordance
with the following requirements:
- The outlet fittings or piping shall be securely fastened in place.
- Outlets shall not be located behind doors.
- Outlets shall be located far enough from floors, walls, patios, slabs, and ceilings to permit the use of wrenches without straining, bending, or damaging the piping.
- The unthreaded portion of gas piping outlets shall extend not less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) through finished ceilings or indoor or outdoor walls.
- The unthreaded portion of gas piping outlets shall extend not less than 2 inches (51 mm) above the surface of floors or outdoor patios or slabs.
- The provisions of Section 1210.9(4) and Section 1210.9(5) shall not apply to listed quick-disconnect devices of the flush-mounted type or listed gas convenience outlets. Such devices shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. [NFPA 54:7.7.1]
Each outlet, including a valve,
shall be closed gastight with a threaded plug or cap immediately
after installation and shall be left closed until
the appliance or equipment is connected thereto. Where
an appliance or equipment is disconnected from an outlet,
and the outlet is not to be used again immediately, it
shall be capped or plugged gastight.
Exceptions:
Exceptions:
- Laboratory appliances installed in accordance with Section 1212.3.1 shall be permitted.
- The use of a listed quick-disconnect device with integral shutoff or listed gas convenience outlet shall be permitted. [NFPA 54:7.7.2.1]
Appliance
shutoff valves installed in fireplaces shall be removed
and the piping capped gastight where the
fireplace is used for solid-fuel burning. [NFPA
54:7.7.2.2]
Where a branch outlet is
placed on a main supply line before it is known what size pipe
will be connected to it, the outlet shall be of the same size as
the line that supplies it. [NFPA 54:7.8]
An accessible gas
shutoff valve shall be provided upstream of each gas pressure
regulator. Where two gas pressure regulators are installed in
series in a single gas line, a manual valve shall not be required
at the second regulator. [NFPA 54:7.9.1]
Main
gas shutoff valves controlling several gas piping systems
shall be readily accessible for operation and installed so
as to be protected from physical damage. They shall be
marked with a metal tag or other permanent means attached
by the installing agency so that the gas piping systems
supplied through them are readily identified. [NFPA
54:7.9.2.1]
In multiple-tenant buildings supplied
through a master meter, through one service regulator
where a meter is not provided, or where meters or
service regulators are not readily accessible from the
appliance or equipment location, an individual shutoff
valve for each apartment or tenant line shall be
provided at a convenient point of general accessibility.
In a common system serving a number of individual
buildings, shutoff valves shall be installed at
each building. [NFPA 54:7.9.2.2]
An exterior shutoff
valve to permit turning off the gas supply to each
building in an emergency shall be provided. The emergency
shutoff valves shall be plainly marked as such and
their locations posted as required by the Authority Having
Jurisdiction. [NFPA 54:7.9.2.3]
Each laboratory
space containing two or more gas outlets installed on
tables, benches, or in hoods in educational, research, commercial
and industrial occupancies shall have a single shutoff
valve through which such gas outlets are supplied. The
shutoff valve shall be accessible and shall be located within
the laboratory or located adjacent to the laboratory's egress
door and shall be identified. [NFPA 54:7.9.2.4]
No device shall be placed inside
the gas piping or fittings that will reduce the cross-sectional
area or otherwise obstruct the free flow of gas, except where
an allowance in the piping system design has been made for
such a device and where approved by the Authority Having
Jurisdiction. [NFPA 54:7.10]
Where gas-air mixing machines are
employed to produce mixtures above or below the flammable
range, they shall be provided with stops to prevent adjustment
of the mixture to within or approaching the flammable range.
[NFPA 54:7.11]
Systems containing flammable gas-air mixtures shall
be in accordance with NFPA 54.
Each aboveground portion of a gas piping system other than CSST that
is likely to become energized shall be electrically continuous
and bonded to an effective ground-fault current path. Gas piping,
other than CSST, shall be considered to be bonded where
it is connected to appliances that are connected to the appliance
grounding conductor of the circuit supplying that appliance.
[NFPA 54:7.13.1]
CSST gas piping systems shall be bonded to the electrical service grounding electrode
system. The bonding jumper shall connect to a metallic
pipe or fitting between the point of delivery and the first
downstream CSST fitting. The bonding jumper shall be not
smaller than 6 AWG copper wire or equivalent. Gas piping
systems that contain one or more segments of CSST shall be
bonded in accordance with this section. [NFPA 54:7.13.2]
Gas piping shall not be used as a grounding conductor or electrode.
[NFPA 54:7.13.3]
Where a lightning protection system is installed, the bonding of the gas piping shall
be in accordance with NFPA 780. [NFPA 54:7.13.4]
Electrical circuits shall not utilize gas piping or components as conductors.
Exception: Low-voltage (50V or less) control circuits, ignition circuits, and electronic flame detection device circuits shall be permitted to make use of piping or components as a part of an electric circuit. [NFPA 54:7.14]
Exception: Low-voltage (50V or less) control circuits, ignition circuits, and electronic flame detection device circuits shall be permitted to make use of piping or components as a part of an electric circuit. [NFPA 54:7.14]
Electrical connections between wiring and electrically operated control devices in a
piping system shall comply with the requirements of California
Electrical Code.
An essential safety control depending
on electric current as the operating medium shall
be of a type that will shut off (fail safe) the flow of gas
in the event of current failure. [NFPA 54:7.15.2]
Earthquake-actuated
gas shutoff valves designed to automatically shut oil
the gas at the location of the valve in the event of a seismic disturbance
and certified by the State Architect as conforming to
California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 12, Chapter 12-16-1, shall be provided for buildings when such installation is
required by local ordinance. Earthquake-actuated gas shutoff
valves which have not been certified by the State Architect shall
be prohibited in buildings open to the public under mandatory
installation by local ordinance, installation of the valves shall
be in accordance with local ordinance, and in the absence of
such per the manufacturer's installation instructions.
Appliances shall be connected
to the building piping in accordance with Section 1212.5
through Section 1212.7 by one of the following:
- Rigid metallic pipe and fittings.
- Semirigid metallic tubing and metallic fittings. Aluminum alloy tubing shall not be used in exterior locations.
- A listed connector in accordance with CSA Z21.24. The connector shall be used in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and shall be in the same room as the appliance. One connector shall be used for each appliance.
- A listed connector in accordance with CSA Z21.75. One connector shall be used for each appliance.
- CSST where installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.
- Listed nonmetallic gas hose connectors installed in accordance with Section 1212.3.
- In Section 1212.1(2) through Section 1212.1(6), the connector or tubing shall be installed so as to be protected against physical and thermal damage. Aluminum alloy tubing and connectors shall be coated to protect against external corrosion where they arc in contact with masonry, plaster, insulation, or are subject to repeated wettings by such liquids as water (except rainwater), detergents, or sewage. Connectors and tubing shall not be installed through an opening in an appliance housing, cabinet, or casing, unless the tubing or connector is protected against damage. [NFPA 54:9.6.1]
Commercial
cooking appliances that are moved for cleaning and sanitation
purposes shall be connected in accordance with the
connector manufacturer's installation instructions using a
listed appliance connector in accordance with CSA
Z21.69. The commercial cooking appliance connector installation
shall be configured in accordance with the manufacturer's
installation instructions. [NFPA 54:9.6.1.1]
Movement of appliances
with casters shall be limited by a restraining device installed in accordance with the connector and appliance manufacturer's installation instructions. [NFPA 54:9.6.1.2]
Suspended low-intensity infrared tube heaters shall be connected
to the building piping system with a connector listed
for the application in accordance with CSA Z21.24 and the
following requirements:
- The connector shall be installed in accordance with the tube heater installation instructions, and shall be in the same room as the appliance.
- One connector shall be used per appliance. [NFPA 54:9.6.1.3]
Listed gas hose connectors shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's
installation instructions and in accordance with
Section 1212.3.1 and Section 1212.3.2. [NFPA 54:9.6.2]
Indoor gas hose connectors shall be used to connect laboratory, shop, and ironing appliances
or equipment requiring mobility during operation. An appliance
or equipment shutoff valve shall be installed
where the connector is attached to the building piping.
The connector shall be of minimum length and shall not
exceed 6 feet (1829 mm). The connector shall not be concealed
and shall not extend from one room to another or
pass through wall partitions, ceilings, or floors.
Where outdoor gas hose connectors are used to connect portable outdoor appliances, the connector
shall be listed in accordance with CSA Z21.54.
An appliance shutoff valve, a listed quick-disconnect device,
or a listed gas convenience outlet shall be installed
where the connector is attached to the supply piping and
in such a manner to prevent the accumulation of water
or foreign matter. This connection shall be made only in
the outdoor area where the appliance is to be used.
[NFPA 54:9.6.2(2)]
The connector length shall not exceed 15 feet (4572 mm).
The connector length shall not exceed 15 feet (4572 mm).
Where portable industrial appliances, or appliances
requiring mobility or subject to vibration, are connected
to the building gas piping system by the use of a flexible hose,
the hose shall be approved and safe for the conditions under
which it is used. [NFPA 54:9.6.3.1]
Where industrial appliances requiring mobility are connected to the rigid
piping by the use of swivel joints or couplings, the swivel
joints or couplings shall be approved for the service required,
and only the minimum number required shall be
installed. [NFPA 54:9.6.3.2]
Where industrial appliances subject to vibration are connected to the building
piping system by the use of metal flexible connectors,
the connectors shall be approved for the service
required. [NFPA 54:9.6.3.3]
Where flexible connections
are used, they shall be of the minimum practical
length and shall not extend from one room to another or
pass through walls, partitions, ceilings, or floors. Flexible
connections shall not be used in a concealed location.
They shall be protected against physical or thermal damage
and shall be provided with gas shutoff valves in readily
accessible locations in rigid piping upstream from the
flexible connections. [NFPA 54:9.6.3.4]
Appliances connected to a piping system shall have an accessible,
approved manual shutoff valve with a nondisplaceable valve member, or a listed gas convenience outlet. Appliance
shutoff valves and convenience outlets shall serve a single appliance
and shall be installed within 6 feet (1829 mm) of the
appliance it serves. Where a connector is used, the valve shall
be installed upstream of the connector. A union or flanged connection shall be provided downstream from the valve to permit
removal of appliance controls. Shutoff valves serving
decorative appliances shall be permitted to be installed in fireplaces
where listed for such use. [NFPA 54:9.6.4, 9.6.4.1]
Exceptions:
Exceptions:
- Shutoff valves shall be permitted to be accessibly located inside or under an appliance where such appliance is removed without removal of the shutoff valve.
- Shutoff valves shall be permitted to be accessibly located inside wall heaters and wall furnaces listed for recessed installation where necessary maintenance is performed without removal of the shutoff valve.
Quick-disconnect devices
used to connect appliances to the building piping shall be listed to CSA Z21.41. Where installed indoors, an approved
manual shutoff valve with a non-displaceable valve
member shall be installed upstream of the quick-disconnect
device. [NFPA 54:9.6.5]
Appliances shall be permitted
to be connected to the building piping by means of a
listed gas convenience outlet, in conjunction with a listed appliance
connector, installed in accordance with the manufacturer's
installation instructions.
Gas convenience outlets shall be listed in accordance with CSA Z21.90 and installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. [NFPA 54:9.6.6]
Gas convenience outlets shall be listed in accordance with CSA Z21.90 and installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. [NFPA 54:9.6.6]
Where a sediment trap is not incorporated
as a part of the appliance, a sediment trap shall be installed
downstream of the appliance shutoff valve as close to the inlet of the appliance as practical, before the flex connector,
where used at the time of appliance installation. The sediment
trap shall be either a tee fitting with a capped nipple in
the bottom outlet, as illustrated in Figure 1212.8, or other device
recognized as an effective sediment trap. Illuminating
appliances, ranges, clothes dryers, decorative appliances for
installation in vented fireplaces, gas fireplaces, and outdoor
grills shall not be required to be so equipped.
FIGURE 1212.8
METHOD OF INSTALLING A TEE FITTING SEDIMENT TRAP
[NFPA 54: FIGURE 9.6.7]
For SI units: 1 inch = 25.4 mm
METHOD OF INSTALLING A TEE FITTING SEDIMENT TRAP
[NFPA 54: FIGURE 9.6.7]
Piping shall be installed in a manner not to interfere with inspection, maintenance, or servicing
of the appliance. [NFPA 54:9.6.8]
Liquefied petroleum gas facilities shall comply with NFPA 58.
Prior to acceptance and initial
operation, piping installations shall be visually inspected and
pressure-tested to determine that the materials, design, fabrication,
and installation practices are in accordance with the requirements
of this code. [NFPA 54:8.1.1.1]
Inspection shall
consist of visual examination during or after manufacture,
fabrication, assembly, or pressure tests. [NFPA
54:8.1.1.2]
Where repairs or additions
are made following the pressure test, the affected
piping shall be tested. Minor repairs and additions are
not required to be pressure-tested provided that the work
is inspected and connections are tested with a noncorrosive
leak-detecting fluid or other leak-detecting methods
approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. [NFPA
54:8.1.1.3]
Where new branches are installed
to new appliances, the newly installed branches shall be required to be pressure-tested. Connections between
the new piping and the existing piping shall be
tested with a noncorrosive leak-detecting fluid or approved
leak-detecting methods. [NFPA 54:8.1.1.4]
A piping system shall be tested
as a complete unit or in sections. Under no circumstances
shall a valve in a line be used as a bulkhead between gas
in one section of the piping system and test medium in an
adjacent section, unless two valves are installed in series
with a valved "telltale" located between these valves. A valve shall not be subjected to the test pressure unless it
is determined that the valve, including the valve-closing
mechanism, is designed to safely withstand the pressure.
[NFPA 54:8.1.1.5]
Regulator and valve
assemblies fabricated independently of the piping system
in which they are to be installed shall be permitted to
be tested with inert gas or air at the time of fabrication.
[NFPA 54:8.1.1.6]
The test medium shall be air, nitrogen,
carbon dioxide, or an inert gas. OXYGEN
SHALL NEVER BE USED. [NFPA 54:8.1.2]
Test preparation shall comply with
Section 1213.2.1 through Section 1213.2.6.
Pipe joints, including welds, shall
be left exposed for examination during the test.
Exception: Covered or concealed pipe end joints that have been previously tested in accordance with this code. [NFPA 54:8.1.3.1]
Exception: Covered or concealed pipe end joints that have been previously tested in accordance with this code. [NFPA 54:8.1.3.1]
Expansion joints shall be
provided with temporary restraints, where required, for
the additional thrust load under test. [NFPA 54:8.1.3.2]
Appliances and
equipment that are not to be included in the test shall be either
disconnected from the piping or isolated by blanks,
blind flanges, or caps. Flanged joints at which blinds are
inserted to blank off other equipment during the test shall
not be required to be tested. [NFPA 54:8.1.3.3]
Where the piping system is connected to appliances or
equipment designed for operating pressures of less than the
test pressure, such appliances or equipment shall be isolated
from the piping system by disconnecting them and
capping the outlets. [NFPA 54:8.1.3.4]
Where the piping system is connected
to appliances or equipment designed for operating pressures
equal to or greater than the test pressure, such appliances
and equipment shall be isolated from the piping
system by closing the individual appliance or equipment
shutoff valve(s). [NFPA 54:8.1.3.5]
Testing of piping systems shall be performed
in a manner that protects the safety of employees
and the public during the test. [NFPA 54:8.1.3.6]
This inspection shall include an air,
CO2, or nitrogen pressure test, at which time the gas piping shall
stand a pressure of not less than 10 psi (69 kPa) gauge pressure.
Test pressures shall be held for a length of time satisfactory to
the Authority Having Jurisdiction, but in no case less than 15
minutes with no perceptible drop in pressure. For welded piping,
and for piping carrying gas at pressures in excess of 14
inches water column pressure (3.5 kPa), the test pressure shall
be not less than 60 psi (414 kPa) and shall be continued for a
length of time satisfactory to the Authority Having Jurisdiction, but in no case for less than 30 minutes. For CSST carrying gas
at pressures in excess of 14 inches water column (3.5 kPa) pressure,
the test pressure shall be 30 psi (207 kPa) for 30 minutes. These tests shall be made using air, CO2, or nitrogen pressure
and shall be made in the presence of the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
Necessary apparatus for conducting tests shall be furnished
by the permit holder. Test gauges used in conducting tests
shall be in accordance with Section 318.0.
The piping system
shall withstand the test pressure specified without showing evidence
of leakage or other defects. Reduction of test pressures
as indicated by pressure gauges shall be deemed to indicate the
presence of a leak unless such reduction is readily attributed to
some other cause. [NFPA 54:8.1.5.1]
The leakage shall be located
by means of an approved gas detector, a noncorrosive
leak detection fluid, or other approved leak detection
methods. Matches, candles, open flames, or other methods
that provide a source of ignition shall not be used.
[NFPA 54:8.1.5.2]
Where leakage or other defects
are located, the affected portion of the piping system
shall be repaired or replaced and retested. [NFPA 54:8.1.5.3]
Leak checks using fuel gas
shall be permitted in piping systems that have been pressure-tested
in accordance with Section 1213.0. [NFPA 54:8.2.1]
During the process of turning
gas on into a system of new gas piping, the entire system
shall be inspected to determine that there are no open
fittings or ends and that valves at unused outlets are
closed and plugged or capped. [NFPA 54:8.2.2]
Immediately after the gas is
turned on into a new system or into a system that has
been initially restored after an interruption of service, the
piping system shall be checked for leakage. Where leakage
is indicated, the gas supply shall be shut off until the
necessary repairs have been made. [NFPA 54:8.2.3]
Appliances and equipment shall not be placed in
operation until after the piping system has been checked
in accordance with Section 1213.5.2; connections to the
appliance are checked for leakage; and purged in accordance
with Section 1213.6. [NFPA 54:8.2.4]
The purging of piping shall
be in accordance with Section 1213.6.1 through Section
1213.6.3. [NFPA 54:8.3]
The purging of piping systems shall be in accordance
with the provisions of Section 1213.6.1.1 through
Section 1213.6.1.4 where the piping system meets either
of the following:
For SI umts: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm
* CSST EHD size of 62 is equivalent to nominal 2 inches (50 mm) pipe or tubing size.
- The design operating gas pressure exceeds 2 psig (14 kPa).
- The piping being purged contains one or more sections of pipe or tubing meeting the size and length criteria of Table 1213.6.1. [NFPA 54:8.3.1]
| NOMINAL PIPING SIZE (inches) |
LENGTH OF PIPING (feet) |
| ≥ 21/2 < 3 |
> 50 |
| ≥ 3 < 4 |
> 30 |
| ≥ 4 < 6 |
> 15 |
| ≥ 6 < 8 |
> 10 |
| ≥ 8 |
Any length |
* CSST EHD size of 62 is equivalent to nominal 2 inches (50 mm) pipe or tubing size.
Where existing
gas piping is opened, the section that is opened shall
be isolated from the gas supply and the line pressure
vented in accordance with Section 1213.6.1.3.
Where gas piping meeting the criteria of Table
1213.6.1 is removed from service, the residual fuel
gas in the piping shall be displaced with an inert gas.
[NFPA 54:8.3.1.1]
Where gas piping
containing air and meeting the criteria of Table
1213.6.1 is placed in operation, the air in the piping
shall first be displaced with an inert gas. The inert
gas shall then be displaced with fuel gas in accordance
with Section 1213.6.1.3. [NFPA 54:8.3.1.2]
The open end of a piping system being pressure
vented or purged shall discharge directly to an outdoor
location. Purging operations shall comply with
the following requirements:
- The point of discharge shall be controlled with a shutoff valve.
- The point of discharge shall be located not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) from sources of ignition, not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) from building openings, and not less than 25 feet (7620 mm) from mechanical air intake openings.
- During discharge, the open point of discharge shall be continuously attended and monitored with a combustible gas indicator that is in accordance with Section 1213.6.1.4.
- Purging operations introducing fuel gas shall be stopped where 90 percent fuel gas by volume is detected within the pipe.
- Persons not involved in the purging operations shall be evacuated from areas within 10 feet (3048 mm) of the point of discharge. [NFPA 54:8.3.1.3]
Combustible
gas indicators shall be listed and shall be
calibrated in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
Combustible gas indicators shall numerically display a volume scale from 0 percent to 100
percent in 1 percent or smaller increments. [NFPA
54:8.3.1.4]
The purging of piping systems shall
be in accordance with the provisions of Section
1213.6.2.1 where the piping system meets both of the
following:
- The design operating pressure is 2 psig (14 kPa) or less.
- The piping being purged is constructed entirely from pipe or tubing not meeting the size and length criteria of Table 1213.6.1. [NFPA 54:8.3.2]
The piping system
shall be purged in accordance with one or more of
the following:
- The piping shall be purged with fuel gas and shall discharge to the outdoors.
- The piping shall be purged with fuel gas and shall discharge to the indoors or outdoors through an appliance burner not located in a combustion chamber. Such burner shall be provided with a continuous source of ignition.
- The piping shall be purged with fuel gas and shall discharge to the indoors or outdoors through a burner that has a continuous source of ignition and that is designed for such purpose.
- The piping shall be purged with fuel gas that is discharge to the indoors or outdoors, and the point of discharge shall be monitored with a listed combustible gas detector in accordance with Section 1213.6.2.2. Purging shall be stopped where fuel gas is detected.
- The piping shall be purged by the gas supplier in accordance with written procedures. [NFPA 54:8.3.2.1]
Combustible
gas detectors shall be listed and shall be calibrated or
tested in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
Combustible gas detectors shall be capable of
indicating the presence of fuel gas. [NFPA 54:8.3.2.2]
After
the piping system has been placed in operation, appliances
and equipment shall be purged before being placed
into operation. [NFPA 54:8.3.3]
Where
two or more meters, or two or more service regulators where
meters are not provided, are located on the same premises and
supply separate users, the gas piping systems shall not be interconnected
on the outlet side of the meters or service regulators.
[NFPA 54:5.3.1]
Where supplementary
gas for standby use is connected downstream from a
meter or a service regulator where a meter is not provided, a
device to prevent backflow shall be installed. A three-way valve installed to admit the standby supply and at the same
time shut off the regular supply shall be permitted to be used
for this purpose. [NFPA 54:5.3.2]
The following regulations, shall comply
with this section and Section 1216.0, shall be the standard for
the installation of gas piping. Natural gas regulations and tables
are based on the use of gas having a specific gravity of
0.60, supplied at 6 to 8 inches water column (1.5 kPa to 1.9
kPa) pressure at the outlet of the meter or regulator. For undiluted
liquefied petroleum gas, gas piping shall be permitted to
be sized at 11 inches water column (2.7 kPa) pressure at the
outlet of the meter or regulator and specific gravity of 1.50.
Where gas of a different specific gravity is to be delivered, the
specific gravity conversion factors provided by the serving
gas supplier shall be used in sizing piping systems from the
pipe sizing tables in this chapter.
The hourly volume of gas required at each piping outlet shall be taken as not less than the maximum hourly rating as specified by the manufacturer of the appliance or appliances to be connected to each such outlet.
Where the gas appliances to be installed
have not been definitely specified, Table 1208.4.1 shall
be permitted to be used as a reference to estimate requirements
of typical appliances.
To obtain the cubic feet per hour (m3/h) of gas required, divide the input of the appliances by the average Btu (kW•h) heating value per cubic foot (m3) of the gas. The average Btu (kW•h) per cubic foot (m3) of the gas in the area of the installation shall be permitted to be obtained from the serving gas supplier.
To obtain the cubic feet per hour (m3/h) of gas required, divide the input of the appliances by the average Btu (kW•h) heating value per cubic foot (m3) of the gas. The average Btu (kW•h) per cubic foot (m3) of the gas in the area of the installation shall be permitted to be obtained from the serving gas supplier.
The size of the supply piping
outlet for a gas appliance shall be not less than 11/2 of an inch
(15 mm).
The size of a piping outlet for a mobile home shall be not less than 3/4 of an inch (20 mm).
The size of a piping outlet for a mobile home shall be not less than 3/4 of an inch (20 mm).
Where the pipe size is to be
determined using a method in Section 1216.1.1 through Section
1216.1.3. the diameter of each pipe segment shall be obtained
from the pipe sizing tables in Section 1216.2 or from
the sizing equations in Section 1216.3. [NFPA 54:6.1]
The pipe size of each
section of gas piping shall be determined using the
longest length of piping from the point of delivery to the
most remote outlet and the load of the section (see calculation
example in Figure 1216.1.1). [NFPA 54:6.1.1]
FIGURE 1216.1.1
EXAMPLE ILLUSTRATING USE OF TABLE 1208.4.1 AND TABLE 1216.2(1)
Problem: Determine the required pipe size of each section and outlet of the piping system shown in Figure 1216.1.1. Gas to be
used has a specific gravity of 0.60 and 1100 British thermal units (Btu) per cubic foot (0.0114 kW•h/L), delivered at 8 inch water
column (1.9 kPa) pressure.
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h
Solution:
EXAMPLE ILLUSTRATING USE OF TABLE 1208.4.1 AND TABLE 1216.2(1)
Solution:
- Maximum gas demand of Outlet A-
32 cubic feet per hour (0.91 m3/h) (from Table 1208.4.1).Maximum gas demand of Outlet B-
3 cubic feet per hour (0.08 m3/h) (from Table 1208.4.1).Maximum gas demand of Outlet C-
59 cubic feet per hour (1.67 m3/h) (from Table 1208.4.1).Maximum gas demand of Outlet D-
136 cubic feet per hour (3.85 m3/h) [150000 Btu/hour (44 kW) divided by 1100 Btu per cubic foot (0.0114 kW•h/L)]. - The length of pipe from the gas meter to the most remote outlet (Outlet A) is 60 feet (18288 mm).
- Using the length in feet column row marked 60 feet (18288 mm) in Table 1216.2(1):
Outlet A, supplying 32 cubic feet per hour (0.91 m3/h), requires 1/2 of an inch (15 mm) pipe.
Section 1, supplying Outlets A and B, or 35 cubic feet per hour (0.99 m3/h) requires 1/2 of an inch (15 mm) pipe.
Section 2, supplying Outlets A, B, and C, or 94 cubic feet per hour (2.66 m3/h) requires 3/4 of an inch (20 mm) pipe.
Section 3, supplying Outlets A, B, C, and D, or 230 cubic feet per hour (6.51 m3/h), requires 1 inch (25 mm) pipe. - Using the column marked 60 feet (18288 mm) in Table 1216.2(1) [no column for actual length of 55 feet (16764 mm)]:
Outlet B supplying 3 cubic feet per hour (0.08 m3/h), requires 1/2 of an inch (15 mm) pipe.
Outlet C, supplying 59 cubic feet per hour (1.67 m3/h), requires 1/2 of an inch (15 mm) pipe. - Using the column marked 60 feet (18288 mm) in Table 1216.2(1):
Outlet D, supplying 136 cubic feet per hour (3.85 m3/h), requires 3/4 of an inch (20 mm) pipe.
TABLE 1216.2(1)
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(b)]1, 2
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(b)]1, 2
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2 NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2 NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).
Pipe shall be sized
as follows:
- The pipe size of each section of the longest pipe run from the point of delivery to the most remote outlet shall be determined using the longest run of piping and the load of the section.
- The pipe size of each section of branch piping not previously sized shall be determined using the length of piping from the point of delivery to the most remote outlet in each branch and the load of the section. [NFPA 54:6.1.2]
The pipe size for each section
of higher pressure gas piping shall be determined
using the longest length of piping from the point of delivery
to the most remote line pressure regulator. The
pipe size from the line pressure regulator to each outlet
shall be determined using the length of piping from the
regulator to the most remote outlet served by the regulator.
[NFPA 54:6.1.3]
Table
1216.2(1) through Table 1216.2(36) shall be used to size gas
piping in conjunction with one of the methods described in
Section 1216.1.1 through Section 1216.1.3. [NFPA 54:6.2]
TABLE 1216.2(5)
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(f)]*
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(7)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(h)]1, 2
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2 NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).
TABLE 1216.2(8)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(i)]1, 2
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2 NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).
TABLE 1216.2(11)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(I)]2
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes:
TABLE 1216.2(12)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(m)]3
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes:
TABLE 1216.2(13)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(n)]2
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes:
TABLE 1216.2(14)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(o)]1, 2
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(15)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(p)]1, 2
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(18)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(s)]1, 2, 3, 4
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes:
TABLE 1216.2(19)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(t)]*
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(20)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(u)]*
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1 CTS = Copper tube size.
2 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
3 NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1 CTS = Copper tube size.
2 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
3 NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(31)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(h)]1, 2
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
TABLE 1216.2(32)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(i)]1, 2, 3, 4
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes:
TABLE 1216.2(34)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(k)]*
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(1)
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(b)]1, 2
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(b)]1, 2
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2 NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2 NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).
TABLE 1216.2(2)
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(c)]*
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(c)]*
For SI units: 1 inch 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(3)
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(d)]*
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(d)]*
For SI units: 1 inch 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(4)
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(e)]*
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(e)]*
For SI units: 1 inch 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(5)
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(f)]*
| GAS: | NATURAL | ||||||||
| INLET PRESSURE: | 3.0 psi | ||||||||
| PRESSURE DROP: | 2.0 psi | ||||||||
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 0.60 | ||||||||
| PIPE SIZE (inch) | |||||||||
| NOMINAL: | 1/2 | 3/4 | 1 | 11/4 | 11/2 | 2 | 21/2 | 3 | 4 |
| ACTUAL ID: | 0.622 | 0.824 | 1.049 | 1.380 | 1.610 | 2.067 | 2.469 | 3.068 | 4.026 |
| LENGTH (feet) |
CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | ||||||||
| 10 | 2350 | 4920 | 9270 | 19000 | 28500 | 54900 | 87500 | 155000 | 316000 |
| 20 | 1620 | 3380 | 6370 | 13100 | 19600 | 37700 | 60100 | 106000 | 217000 |
| 30 | 1300 | 2720 | 5110 | 10500 | 15700 | 30300 | 48300 | 85400 | 174000 |
| 40 | 1110 | 2320 | 4380 | 8990 | 13500 | 25900 | 41300 | 73100 | 149000 |
| 50 | 985 | 2060 | 3880 | 7970 | 11900 | 23000 | 36600 | 64800 | 132000 |
| 60 | 892 | 1870 | 3520 | 7220 | 10800 | 20800 | 33200 | 58700 | 120000 |
| 70 | 821 | 1720 | 3230 | 6640 | 9950 | 19200 | 30500 | 54000 | 110000 |
| 80 | 764 | 1600 | 3010 | 6180 | 9260 | 17800 | 28400 | 50200 | 102000 |
| 90 | 717 | 1500 | 2820 | 5800 | 8680 | 16700 | 26700 | 47100 | 96100 |
| 100 | 677 | 1420 | 2670 | 5470 | 8200 | 15800 | 25200 | 44500 | 90800 |
| 125 | 600 | 1250 | 2360 | 4850 | 7270 | 14000 | 22300 | 39500 | 80500 |
| 150 | 544 | 1140 | 2140 | 4400 | 6590 | 12700 | 20200 | 35700 | 72900 |
| 175 | 500 | 1050 | 1970 | 4040 | 6060 | 11700 | 18600 | 32900 | 67100 |
| 200 | 465 | 973 | 1830 | 3760 | 5640 | 10900 | 17300 | 30600 | 62400 |
| 250 | 412 | 862 | 1620 | 3330 | 5000 | 9620 | 15300 | 27100 | 55300 |
| 300 | 374 | 781 | 1470 | 3020 | 4530 | 8720 | 13900 | 24600 | 50100 |
| 350 | 344 | 719 | 1350 | 2780 | 4170 | 8020 | 12800 | 22600 | 46100 |
| 400 | 320 | 669 | 1260 | 2590 | 3870 | 7460 | 11900 | 21000 | 42900 |
| 450 | 300 | 627 | 1180 | 2430 | 3640 | 7000 | 11200 | 19700 | 40200 |
| 500 | 283 | 593 | 1120 | 2290 | 3430 | 6610 | 10500 | 18600 | 38000 |
| 550 | 269 | 563 | 1060 | 2180 | 3260 | 6280 | 10000 | 17700 | 36100 |
| 600 | 257 | 537 | 1010 | 2080 | 3110 | 5990 | 9550 | 16900 | 34400 |
| 650 | 246 | 514 | 969 | 1990 | 2980 | 5740 | 9150 | 16200 | 33000 |
| 700 | 236 | 494 | 931 | 1910 | 2860 | 5510 | 8790 | 15500 | 31700 |
| 750 | 228 | 476 | 897 | 1840 | 2760 | 5310 | 8470 | 15000 | 30500 |
| 800 | 220 | 460 | 866 | 1780 | 2660 | 5130 | 8180 | 14500 | 29500 |
| 850 | 213 | 445 | 838 | 1720 | 2580 | 4960 | 7910 | 14000 | 28500 |
| 900 | 206 | 431 | 812 | 1670 | 2500 | 4810 | 7670 | 13600 | 27700 |
| 950 | 200 | 419 | 789 | 1620 | 2430 | 4670 | 7450 | 13200 | 26900 |
| 1000 | 195 | 407 | 767 | 1580 | 2360 | 4550 | 7240 | 12800 | 26100 |
| 1100 | 185 | 387 | 729 | 1500 | 2240 | 4320 | 6890 | 12200 | 24800 |
| 1200 | 177 | 369 | 695 | 1430 | 2140 | 4120 | 6570 | 11600 | 23700 |
| 1300 | 169 | 353 | 666 | 1370 | 2050 | 3940 | 6290 | 11100 | 22700 |
| 1400 | 162 | 340 | 640 | 1310 | 1970 | 3790 | 6040 | 10700 | 21800 |
| 1500 | 156 | 327 | 616 | 1270 | 1900 | 3650 | 5820 | 10300 | 21000 |
| 1600 | 151 | 316 | 595 | 1220 | 1830 | 3530 | 5620 | 10000 | 20300 |
| 1700 | 146 | 306 | 576 | 1180 | 1770 | 3410 | 5440 | 9610 | 19600 |
| 1800 | 142 | 296 | 558 | 1150 | 1720 | 3310 | 5270 | 9320 | 19000 |
| 1900 | 138 | 288 | 542 | 1110 | 1670 | 3210 | 5120 | 9050 | 18400 |
| 2000 | 134 | 280 | 527 | 1080 | 1620 | 3120 | 4980 | 8800 | 18000 |
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(6)
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(g)]*
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(g)]*
For SI units: 1 inch 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(7)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(h)]1, 2
| GAS: | NATURAL | |||||||||
| INLET PRESSURE: | LESS THAN 2 psi | |||||||||
| PRESSURE DROP: | 0.3 in. w.c. | |||||||||
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 0.60 | |||||||||
| TUBE SIZE (inch) | ||||||||||
| NOMINAL: | K & L: | 1/4 | 3/8 | 1/2 | 5/8 | 3/4 | 1 | 11/4 | 11/2 | 2 |
| ACR: | 3/8 | 1/2 | 5/8 | 3/4 | 7/8 | 11/8 | 13/8 | - | - | |
| OUTSIDE | 0.375 | 0.500 | 0.625 | 0.750 | 0.875 | 1.125 | 1.375 | 1.625 | 2.125 | |
| INSIDE:3 | 0.305 | 0.402 | 0.527 | 0.652 | 0.745 | 0.995 | 1.245 | 1.481 | 1.959 | |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | |||||||||
| 10 | 20 | 42 | 85 | 148 | 210 | 448 | 806 | 1270 | 2650 | |
| 20 | 14 | 29 | 58 | 102 | 144 | 308 | 554 | 873 | 1820 | |
| 30 | 11 | 23 | 47 | 82 | 116 | 247 | 445 | 701 | 1460 | |
| 30 | 10 | 20 | 40 | 70 | 99 | 211 | 381 | 600 | 1250 | |
| 50 | NA | 17 | 35 | 62 | 88 | 187 | 337 | 532 | 1110 | |
| 60 | NA | 16 | 32 | 56 | 79 | 170 | 306 | 482 | 1000 | |
| 70 | NA | 14 | 29 | 52 | 73 | 156 | 281 | 443 | 924 | |
| 80 | NA | 13 | 27 | 48 | 68 | 145 | 262 | 413 | 859 | |
| 90 | NA | 13 | 26 | 45 | 64 | 136 | 245 | 387 | 806 | |
| 100 | NA | 12 | 24 | 43 | 60 | 129 | 232 | 366 | 366 | |
| 125 | NA | 11 | 22 | 38 | 53 | 114 | 206 | 324 | 675 | |
| 150 | NA | 10 | 20 | 34 | 48 | 103 | 186 | 294 | 612 | |
| 175 | NA | NA | 18 | 31 | 45 | 95 | 171 | 270 | 563 | |
| 200 | NA | NA | 17 | 29 | 41 | 89 | 159 | 251 | 523 | |
| 250 | NA | NA | 15 | 26 | 37 | 78 | 141 | 223 | 464 | |
| 300 | NA | NA | 13 | 23 | 33 | 71 | 128 | 202 | 420 | |
| 350 | NA | NA | 12 | 22 | 31 | 65 | 118 | 186 | 387 | |
| 400 | NA | NA | 11 | 20 | 28 | 61 | 110 | 173 | 360 | |
| 450 | NA | NA | 11 | 19 | 27 | 57 | 103 | 162 | 338 | |
| 500 | NA | NA | 10 | 18 | 25 | 54 | 97 | 153 | 319 | |
| 550 | NA | NA | NA | 17 | 24 | 51 | 92 | 145 | 303 | |
| 600 | NA | NA | NA | 16 | 23 | 49 | 88 | 139 | 289 | |
| 650 | NA | NA | NA | 15 | 22 | 47 | 84 | 133 | 277 | |
| 700 | NA | NA | NA | 15 | 21 | 45 | 81 | 128 | 266 | |
| 750 | NA | NA | NA | 14 | 20 | 43 | 78 | 123 | 256 | |
| 800 | NA | NA | NA | 14 | 20 | 42 | 75 | 119 | 247 | |
| 850 | NA | NA | NA | 13 | 19 | 40 | 73 | 115 | 239 | |
| 900 | NA | NA | NA | 13 | 18 | 39 | 71 | 111 | 232 | |
| 950 | NA | NA | NA | 13 | 18 | 38 | 69 | 108 | 225 | |
| 1000 | NA | NA | NA | 12 | 17 | 37 | 67 | 105 | 219 | |
| 1100 | NA | NA | NA | 12 | 16 | 35 | 63 | 100 | 208 | |
| 1200 | NA | NA | NA | 11 | 16 | 34 | 60 | 95 | 199 | |
| 1300 | NA | NA | NA | 11 | 15 | 32 | 58 | 91 | 190 | |
| 1400 | NA | NA | NA | 10 | 14 | 31 | 56 | 88 | 183 | |
| 1500 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 14 | 30 | 54 | 84 | 176 | |
| 1600 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 13 | 29 | 52 | 82 | 170 | |
| 1700 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 13 | 28 | 50 | 79 | 164 | |
| 1800 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 13 | 27 | 49 | 77 | 159 | |
| 1900 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 12 | 26 | 47 | 74 | 155 | |
| 2000 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 12 | 25 | 46 | 72 | 151 | |
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2 NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).
3 Table capacities are based on Type K copper tubing inside diameter (shown), which has the smallest inside diameter of the copper tubing products.
TABLE 1216.2(8)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(i)]1, 2
| GAS: | NATURAL | |||||||||
| INLET PRESSURE: | LESS THAN 2 psi | |||||||||
| PRESSURE DROP: | 0.5 in. w.c. | |||||||||
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 0.60 | |||||||||
| TUBE SIZE (inch) | ||||||||||
| NOMINAL: | K & L: | 1/4 | 3/8 | 1/2 | 5/8 | 3/4 | 1 | 11/4 | 11/2 | 2 |
| ACR: | 3/8 | 1/2 | 5/8 | 3/4 | 7/8 | 11/8 | 13/8 | - | - | |
| OUTSIDE | 0.375 | 0.500 | 0.625 | 0.750 | 0.875 | 1.125 | 1.375 | 1.625 | 2.125 | |
| INSIDE:3 | 0.305 | 0.402 | 0.527 | 0.652 | 0.745 | 0.995 | 1.245 | 1.481 | 1.959 | |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | |||||||||
| 10 | 27 | 55 | 111 | 195 | 276 | 590 | 1060 | 1680 | 3490 | |
| 20 | 18 | 38 | 77 | 134 | 190 | 406 | 730 | 1150 | 2400 | |
| 30 | 15 | 30 | 61 | 107 | 152 | 326 | 586 | 925 | 1930 | |
| 40 | 13 | 26 | 53 | 92 | 131 | 279 | 502 | 791 | 1650 | |
| 50 | 11 | 23 | 47 | 82 | 116 | 247 | 445 | 701 | 1460 | |
| 60 | 10 | 21 | 42 | 74 | 105 | 224 | 403 | 635 | 1320 | |
| 70 | NA | 19 | 39 | 68 | 96 | 206 | 371 | 585 | 1220 | |
| 80 | NA | 18 | 36 | 63 | 90 | 192 | 345 | 544 | 1130 | |
| 90 | NA | 17 | 34 | 59 | 84 | 180 | 324 | 510 | 1060 | |
| 100 | NA | 16 | 32 | 56 | 79 | 170 | 306 | 482 | 1000 | |
| 125 | NA | 14 | 28 | 50 | 70 | 151 | 271 | 427 | 890 | |
| 150 | NA | 13 | 26 | 45 | 64 | 136 | 245 | 387 | 806 | |
| 175 | NA | 12 | 24 | 41 | 59 | 125 | 226 | 356 | 742 | |
| 200 | NA | 11 | 22 | 39 | 55 | 117 | 210 | 331 | 690 | |
| 250 | NA | NA | 20 | 34 | 48 | 103 | 186 | 294 | 612 | |
| 300 | NA | NA | 18 | 31 | 44 | 94 | 169 | 266 | 554 | |
| 350 | NA | NA | 16 | 28 | 40 | 86 | 155 | 245 | 510 | |
| 400 | NA | NA | 15 | 26 | 38 | 80 | 144 | 228 | 474 | |
| 450 | NA | NA | 14 | 25 | 35 | 75 | 135 | 214 | 445 | |
| 500 | NA | NA | 13 | 23 | 33 | 71 | 128 | 202 | 420 | |
| 550 | NA | NA | 13 | 22 | 32 | 68 | 122 | 192 | 399 | |
| 600 | NA | NA | 12 | 21 | 30 | 64 | 116 | 183 | 381 | |
| 650 | NA | NA | 12 | 20 | 29 | 62 | 111 | 175 | 365 | |
| 700 | NA | NA | 11 | 20 | 28 | 59 | 107 | 168 | 350 | |
| 750 | NA | NA | 11 | 19 | 27 | 57 | 103 | 162 | 338 | |
| 800 | NA | NA | 10 | 18 | 26 | 55 | 99 | 156 | 326 | |
| 850 | NA | NA | 10 | 18 | 25 | 53 | 96 | 151 | 315 | |
| 900 | NA | NA | NA | 17 | 24 | 52 | 93 | 147 | 306 | |
| 950 | NA | NA | NA | 17 | 24 | 50 | 90 | 143 | 297 | |
| 1000 | NA | NA | NA | 16 | 23 | 49 | 88 | 139 | 289 | |
| 1100 | NA | NA | NA | 15 | 22 | 46 | 84 | 132 | 274 | |
| 1200 | NA | NA | NA | 15 | 21 | 44 | 80 | 126 | 262 | |
| 1300 | NA | NA | NA | 14 | 20 | 42 | 76 | 120 | 251 | |
| 1400 | NA | NA | NA | 13 | 19 | 41 | 73 | 116 | 241 | |
| 1500 | NA | NA | NA | 13 | 18 | 39 | 71 | 111 | 232 | |
| 1600 | NA | NA | NA | 13 | 18 | 38 | 68 | 108 | 224 | |
| 1700 | NA | NA | NA | 12 | 17 | 37 | 66 | 104 | 217 | |
| 1800 | NA | NA | NA | 12 | 17 | 36 | 64 | 101 | 210 | |
| 1900 | NA | NA | NA | 11 | 16 | 35 | 62 | 98 | 204 | |
| 2000 | NA | NA | NA | 11 | 16 | 34 | 60 | 95 | 199 | |
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2 NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).
3 Table capacities are based on Type K copper tubing inside diameter (shown), which has the smallest inside diameter of the copper tubing products.
TABLE 1216.2(9)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(j)]1, 2
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(j)]1, 2
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2 NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2 NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).
3 Table capacities are based on Type K copper tubing inside diameter (shown), which has the smallest inside diameter of the copper tubing products.
TABLE 1216.2(10)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(k)]2
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(k)]2
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
Notes:
1 Table capacities are based on Type K copper tubing inside diameter (shown), which has the smallest inside diameter of the copper tubing products.
2 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.TABLE 1216.2(11)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(I)]2
| GAS: | NATURAL | |||||||||
| INLET PRESSURE: | 2.0 psi | |||||||||
| PRESSURE DROP: | 1.0 psi | |||||||||
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 0.60 | |||||||||
| TUBE SIZE (inch) | ||||||||||
| NOMINAL: | K & L: | 1/4 | 3/8 | 1/2 | 5/8 | 3/4 | 1 | 11/4 | 11/2 | 2 |
| ACR: | 3/8 | 1/2 | 5/8 | 3/4 | 7/8 | 11/8 | 13/8 | - | - | |
| OUTSIDE | 0.375 | 0.500 | 0.625 | 0.750 | 0.875 | 1.125 | 1.375 | 1.625 | 2.125 | |
| INSIDE:1 | 0.305 | 0.402 | 0.527 | 0.652 | 0.745 | 0.995 | 1.245 | 1.481 | 1.959 | |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | |||||||||
| 10 | 245 | 506 | 1030 | 1800 | 2550 | 5450 | 9820 | 15500 | 32200 | |
| 20 | 169 | 348 | 708 | 1240 | 1760 | 3750 | 6750 | 10600 | 22200 | |
| 30 | 135 | 279 | 568 | 993 | 1410 | 3010 | 5420 | 8550 | 17800 | |
| 40 | 116 | 239 | 486 | 850 | 1210 | 2580 | 4640 | 7310 | 15200 | |
| 50 | 103 | 212 | 431 | 754 | 1070 | 2280 | 4110 | 6480 | 13500 | |
| 60 | 93 | 192 | 391 | 683 | 969 | 2070 | 3730 | 5870 | 12200 | |
| 70 | 86 | 177 | 359 | 628 | 891 | 1900 | 3430 | 5400 | 11300 | |
| 80 | 80 | 164 | 334 | 584 | 829 | 1770 | 3190 | 5030 | 10500 | |
| 90 | 75 | 154 | 314 | 548 | 778 | 1660 | 2990 | 4720 | 9820 | |
| 100 | 71 | 146 | 296 | 518 | 735 | 1570 | 2830 | 4450 | 9280 | |
| 125 | 63 | 129 | 263 | 459 | 651 | 1390 | 2500 | 3950 | 8220 | |
| 150 | 57 | 117 | 238 | 416 | 590 | 1260 | 2270 | 3580 | 7450 | |
| 175 | 52 | 108 | 219 | 383 | 543 | 1160 | 2090 | 3290 | 6850 | |
| 200 | 49 | 100 | 204 | 356 | 505 | 1080 | 1940 | 3060 | 6380 | |
| 250 | 43 | 89 | 181 | 315 | 448 | 956 | 1720 | 2710 | 5650 | |
| 300 | 39 | 80 | 164 | 286 | 406 | 866 | 1560 | 2460 | 5120 | |
| 350 | 36 | 74 | 150 | 263 | 373 | 797 | 1430 | 2260 | 4710 | |
| 400 | 33 | 69 | 140 | 245 | 347 | 741 | 1330 | 2100 | 4380 | |
| 450 | 31 | 65 | 131 | 230 | 326 | 696 | 1250 | 1970 | 4110 | |
| 500 | 30 | 61 | 124 | 217 | 308 | 657 | 1180 | 1870 | 3880 | |
| 550 | 28 | 58 | 118 | 206 | 292 | 624 | 1120 | 1770 | 3690 | |
| 600 | 27 | 55 | 112 | 196 | 279 | 595 | 1070 | 1690 | 3520 | |
| 650 | 26 | 53 | 108 | 188 | 267 | 570 | 1030 | 1620 | 3370 | |
| 700 | 25 | 51 | 103 | 181 | 256 | 548 | 986 | 1550 | 3240 | |
| 750 | 24 | 49 | 100 | 174 | 247 | 528 | 950 | 1500 | 3120 | |
| 800 | 23 | 47 | 96 | 168 | 239 | 510 | 917 | 1450 | 3010 | |
| 850 | 22 | 46 | 93 | 163 | 231 | 493 | 888 | 1400 | 2920 | |
| 900 | 22 | 44 | 90 | 158 | 224 | 478 | 861 | 1360 | 2830 | |
| 950 | 21 | 43 | 88 | 153 | 217 | 464 | 836 | 1320 | 2740 | |
| 1000 | 20 | 42 | 85 | 149 | 211 | 452 | 813 | 1280 | 2670 | |
| 1100 | 19 | 40 | 81 | 142 | 201 | 429 | 772 | 1220 | 2540 | |
| 1200 | 18 | 38 | 77 | 135 | 192 | 409 | 737 | 1160 | 2420 | |
| 1300 | 18 | 36 | 74 | 129 | 183 | 392 | 705 | 1110 | 2320 | |
| 1400 | 17 | 35 | 71 | 124 | 176 | 376 | 678 | 1070 | 2230 | |
| 1500 | 16 | 34 | 68 | 120 | 170 | 363 | 653 | 1030 | 2140 | |
| 1600 | 16 | 33 | 66 | 116 | 164 | 350 | 630 | 994 | 2070 | |
| 1700 | 15 | 31 | 64 | 112 | 159 | 339 | 610 | 962 | 2000 | |
| 1800 | 15 | 30 | 62 | 108 | 154 | 329 | 592 | 933 | 1940 | |
| 1900 | 14 | 30 | 60 | 105 | 149 | 319 | 575 | 906 | 1890 | |
| 2000 | 14 | 29 | 59 | 102 | 145 | 310 | 559 | 881 | 1830 | |
Notes:
1 Table capacities are based on Type K copper tubing inside diameter (shown), which has the smallest inside diameter of the copper tnbing products.
2 Table entries are ronnded to 3 significant digits.TABLE 1216.2(12)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(m)]3
| GAS: | NATURAL | |||||||||
| INLET PRESSURE: | 2.0 psi | |||||||||
| PRESSURE DROP: | 1.5 psi | |||||||||
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 0.60 | |||||||||
| INTENDED USE: PIPE SIZING BETWEEN POINT OF DELIVERY AND THE HOUSE LINE REGULATOR. TOTAL LOAD SUPPLIED BY A SINGLE HOUSE LINE REGULATOR NOT EXCEEDING 150 CUBIC FEET PER HOUR.2 | ||||||||||
| TUBE SIZE (inch) | ||||||||||
| NOMINAL: | K & L: | 1/4 | 3/8 | 1/2 | 5/8 | 3/4 | 1 | 11/4 | 11/2 | 2 |
| ACR: | 3/8 | 1/2 | 5/8 | 3/4 | 7/8 | 11/8 | 13/8 | - | - | |
| OUTSIDE | 0.375 | 0.500 | 0.625 | 0.750 | 0.875 | 1.125 | 1.375 | 1.625 | 2.125 | |
| INSIDE:1 | 0.305 | 0.402 | 0.527 | 0.652 | 0.745 | 0.995 | 1.245 | 1.481 | 1.959 | |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | |||||||||
| 10 | 303 | 625 | 1270 | 2220 | 3150 | 6740 | 12100 | 19100 | 39800 | |
| 20 | 208 | 430 | 874 | 1530 | 2170 | 4630 | 8330 | 13100 | 27400 | |
| 30 | 167 | 345 | 702 | 1230 | 1740 | 3720 | 6690 | 10600 | 22000 | |
| 40 | 143 | 295 | 601 | 1050 | 1490 | 3180 | 5730 | 9030 | 18800 | |
| 50 | 127 | 262 | 532 | 931 | 1320 | 2820 | 5080 | 8000 | 16700 | |
| 60 | 115 | 237 | 482 | 843 | 1200 | 2560 | 4600 | 7250 | 15100 | |
| 70 | 106 | 218 | 444 | 776 | 1100 | 2350 | 4230 | 6670 | 13900 | |
| 80 | 98 | 203 | 413 | 722 | 1020 | 2190 | 3940 | 6210 | 12900 | |
| 90 | 92 | 190 | 387 | 677 | 961 | 2050 | 3690 | 5820 | 12100 | |
| 100 | 87 | 180 | 366 | 640 | 907 | 1940 | 3490 | 5500 | 11500 | |
| 125 | 77 | 159 | 324 | 567 | 804 | 1720 | 3090 | 4880 | 10200 | |
| 150 | 70 | 144 | 294 | 514 | 729 | 1560 | 2800 | 4420 | 9200 | |
| 175 | 64 | 133 | 270 | 472 | 670 | 1430 | 2580 | 4060 | 8460 | |
| 200 | 60 | 124 | 252 | 440 | 624 | 1330 | 2400 | 3780 | 7870 | |
| 250 | 53 | 110 | 223 | 390 | 553 | 1180 | 2130 | 3350 | 6980 | |
| 300 | 48 | 99 | 202 | 353 | 501 | 1070 | 1930 | 3040 | 6320 | |
| 350 | 44 | 91 | 186 | 325 | 461 | 984 | 1770 | 2790 | 5820 | |
| 400 | 41 | 85 | 173 | 302 | 429 | 916 | 1650 | 2600 | 5410 | |
| 450 | 39 | 80 | 162 | 283 | 402 | 859 | 1550 | 2440 | 5080 | |
| 500 | 36 | 75 | 153 | 268 | 380 | 811 | 1460 | 2300 | 4800 | |
| 550 | 35 | 72 | 146 | 254 | 361 | 771 | 1390 | 2190 | 4560 | |
| 600 | 33 | 68 | 139 | 243 | 344 | 735 | 1320 | 2090 | 4350 | |
| 650 | 32 | 65 | 133 | 232 | 330 | 704 | 1270 | 2000 | 4160 | |
| 700 | 30 | 63 | 128 | 223 | 317 | 676 | 1220 | 1920 | 4000 | |
| 750 | 29 | 60 | 123 | 215 | 305 | 652 | 1170 | 1850 | 3850 | |
| 800 | 28 | 58 | 119 | 208 | 295 | 629 | 1130 | 1790 | 3720 | |
| 850 | 27 | 57 | 115 | 201 | 285 | 609 | 1100 | 1730 | 3600 | |
| 900 | 27 | 55 | 111 | 195 | 276 | 590 | 1060 | 1680 | 3490 | |
| 950 | 26 | 53 | 108 | 189 | 268 | 573 | 1030 | 1630 | 3390 | |
| 1000 | 25 | 52 | 105 | 184 | 261 | 558 | 1000 | 1580 | 3300 | |
| 1100 | 24 | 49 | 100 | 175 | 248 | 530 | 954 | 1500 | 3130 | |
| 1200 | 23 | 47 | 95 | 167 | 237 | 505 | 910 | 1430 | 2990 | |
| 1300 | 22 | 45 | 91 | 160 | 227 | 484 | 871 | 1370 | 2860 | |
| 1400 | 21 | 43 | 88 | 153 | 218 | 465 | 837 | 1320 | 2750 | |
| 1500 | 20 | 42 | 85 | 148 | 210 | 448 | 806 | 1270 | 2650 | |
| 1600 | 19 | 40 | 82 | 143 | 202 | 432 | 779 | 1230 | 2560 | |
| 1700 | 19 | 39 | 79 | 138 | 196 | 419 | 753 | 1190 | 2470 | |
| 1800 | 18 | 38 | 77 | 134 | 190 | 406 | 731 | 1150 | 2400 | |
| 1900 | 18 | 37 | 74 | 130 | 184 | 394 | 709 | 1120 | 2330 | |
| 2000 | 17 | 36 | 72 | 126 | 179 | 383 | 690 | 1090 | 2270 | |
Notes:
1 Table capacities are based on Type K copper tubing inside diameter (shown), which has the smallest inside diameter of the copper tubing products.
2 Where this table is used to size the tubing upstream of a line pressure regulator, the pipe or tubing downstream of the line pressure regulator shall be sized
using a pressure drop no greater than 1 inch water column (0.249 kPa).
3 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(13)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(n)]2
| GAS: | NATURAL | |||||||||
| INLET PRESSURE: | 5.0 psi | |||||||||
| PRESSURE DROP: | 3.5 psi | |||||||||
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 0.60 | |||||||||
| TUBE SIZE (inch) | ||||||||||
| NOMINAL: | K & L: | 1/4 | 3/8 | 1/2 | 5/8 | 3/4 | 1 | 11/4 | 11/2 | 2 |
| ACR: | 3/8 | 1/2 | 5/8 | 3/4 | 7/8 | 11/8 | 13/8 | - | - | |
| OUTSIDE | 0.375 | 0.500 | 0.625 | 0.750 | 0.875 | 1.125 | 1.375 | 1.625 | 2.125 | |
| INSIDE:1 | 0.305 | 0.402 | 0.527 | 0.652 | 0.745 | 0.995 | 1.245 | 1.481 | 1.959 | |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | |||||||||
| 10 | 511 | 1050 | 2140 | 3750 | 5320 | 11400 | 20400 | 32200 | 67100 | |
| 20 | 351 | 724 | 1470 | 2580 | 3650 | 7800 | 14000 | 22200 | 46100 | |
| 30 | 282 | 582 | 1180 | 2070 | 2930 | 6270 | 11300 | 17800 | 37000 | |
| 40 | 241 | 498 | 1010 | 1770 | 2510 | 5360 | 9660 | 15200 | 31700 | |
| 50 | 214 | 441 | 898 | 1570 | 2230 | 4750 | 8560 | 13500 | 28100 | |
| 60 | 194 | 400 | 813 | 1420 | 2020 | 4310 | 7750 | 12200 | 25500 | |
| 70 | 178 | 368 | 748 | 1310 | 1860 | 3960 | 7130 | 11200 | 23400 | |
| 80 | 166 | 342 | 696 | 1220 | 1730 | 3690 | 6640 | 10500 | 21800 | |
| 90 | 156 | 321 | 653 | 1140 | 1620 | 3460 | 6230 | 9820 | 20400 | |
| 100 | 147 | 303 | 617 | 1080 | 1530 | 3270 | 5880 | 9270 | 19300 | |
| 125 | 130 | 269 | 547 | 955 | 1360 | 2900 | 5210 | 8220 | 17100 | |
| 150 | 118 | 243 | 495 | 866 | 1230 | 2620 | 4720 | 7450 | 15500 | |
| 175 | 109 | 224 | 456 | 796 | 1130 | 2410 | 4350 | 6850 | 14300 | |
| 200 | 101 | 208 | 424 | 741 | 1050 | 2250 | 4040 | 6370 | 13300 | |
| 250 | 90 | 185 | 376 | 657 | 932 | 1990 | 3580 | 5650 | 11800 | |
| 300 | 81 | 167 | 340 | 595 | 844 | 1800 | 3250 | 5120 | 10700 | |
| 350 | 75 | 154 | 313 | 547 | 777 | 1660 | 2990 | 4710 | 9810 | |
| 400 | 69 | 143 | 291 | 509 | 722 | 1540 | 2780 | 4380 | 9120 | |
| 450 | 65 | 134 | 273 | 478 | 678 | 1450 | 2610 | 4110 | 8560 | |
| 500 | 62 | 127 | 258 | 451 | 640 | 1370 | 2460 | 3880 | 8090 | |
| 550 | 58 | 121 | 245 | 429 | 608 | 1300 | 2340 | 3690 | 7680 | |
| 600 | 56 | 115 | 234 | 409 | 580 | 1240 | 2230 | 3520 | 7330 | |
| 650 | 53 | 110 | 224 | 392 | 556 | 1190 | 2140 | 3370 | 7020 | |
| 700 | 51 | 106 | 215 | 376 | 534 | 1140 | 2050 | 3240 | 6740 | |
| 750 | 49 | 102 | 207 | 362 | 514 | 1100 | 1980 | 3120 | 6490 | |
| 800 | 48 | 98 | 200 | 350 | 497 | 1060 | 1910 | 3010 | 6270 | |
| 850 | 46 | 95 | 194 | 339 | 481 | 1030 | 1850 | 2910 | 6070 | |
| 900 | 45 | 92 | 188 | 328 | 466 | 1000 | 1790 | 2820 | 5880 | |
| 950 | 43 | 90 | 182 | 319 | 452 | 967 | 1740 | 2740 | 5710 | |
| 1000 | 42 | 87 | 177 | 310 | 440 | 940 | 1690 | 2670 | 5560 | |
| 1100 | 40 | 83 | 169 | 295 | 418 | 893 | 1610 | 2530 | 5280 | |
| 1200 | 38 | 79 | 161 | 281 | 399 | 852 | 1530 | 2420 | 5040 | |
| 1300 | 37 | 76 | 154 | 269 | 382 | 816 | 1470 | 2320 | 4820 | |
| 1400 | 35 | 73 | 148 | 259 | 367 | 784 | 1410 | 2220 | 4630 | |
| 1500 | 34 | 70 | 143 | 249 | 353 | 755 | 1360 | 2140 | 4460 | |
| 1600 | 33 | 68 | 138 | 241 | 341 | 729 | 1310 | 2070 | 4310 | |
| 1700 | 32 | 65 | 133 | 233 | 330 | 705 | 1270 | 2000 | 4170 | |
| 1800 | 31 | 63 | 129 | 226 | 320 | 684 | 1230 | 1940 | 4040 | |
| 1900 | 30 | 62 | 125 | 219 | 311 | 664 | 1200 | 1890 | 3930 | |
| 2000 | 29 | 60 | 122 | 213 | 302 | 646 | 1160 | 1830 | 3820 | |
Notes:
1 Table capacities are based on Type K copper tubing inside diameter (shown), which has the smallest inside diameter of the copper tubing products.
2 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.TABLE 1216.2(14)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(o)]1, 2
| GAS: | NATURAL | |||||||||||||
| INLET PRESSURE: | LESS THAN 2 psi | |||||||||||||
| PRESSURE DROP: | 0.5 in.w.c. | |||||||||||||
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 0.60 | |||||||||||||
| TUBE SIZE (EHD)3 | ||||||||||||||
| FLOW DESIGNATION: | 13 | 15 | 18 | 19 | 23 | 25 | 30 | 31 | 37 | 39 | 46 | 48 | 60 | 62 |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | |||||||||||||
| 5 | 46 | 63 | 115 | 134 | 225 | 270 | 471 | 546 | 895 | 1037 | 1790 | 2070 | 3660 | 4140 |
| 10 | 32 | 44 | 82 | 95 | 161 | 192 | 330 | 383 | 639 | 746 | 1260 | 1470 | 2600 | 2930 |
| 15 | 25 | 35 | 66 | 77 | 132 | 157 | 267 | 310 | 524 | 615 | 1030 | 1200 | 2140 | 2400 |
| 20 | 22 | 31 | 58 | 67 | 116 | 137 | 231 | 269 | 456 | 536 | 888 | 1050 | 1850 | 2080 |
| 25 | 19 | 27 | 52 | 60 | 104 | 122 | 206 | 240 | 409 | 482 | 793 | 936 | 1660 | 1860 |
| 30 | 18 | 25 | 47 | 55 | 96 | 112 | 188 | 218 | 374 | 442 | 723 | 856 | 1520 | 1700 |
| 40 | 15 | 21 | 41 | 47 | 83 | 97 | 162 | 188 | 325 | 386 | 625 | 742 | 1320 | 1470 |
| 50 | 13 | 19 | 37 | 42 | 75 | 87 | 144 | 168 | 292 | 347 | 559 | 665 | 1180 | 1320 |
| 60 | 12 | 17 | 34 | 38 | 68 | 80 | 131 | 153 | 267 | 318 | 509 | 608 | 1080 | 1200 |
| 70 | 11 | 16 | 31 | 36 | 63 | 74 | 121 | 141 | 248 | 295 | 471 | 563 | 1000 | 1110 |
| 80 | 10 | 15 | 29 | 33 | 60 | 69 | 113 | 132 | 232 | 277 | 440 | 527 | 940 | 1040 |
| 90 | 10 | 14 | 28 | 32 | 57 | 65 | 107 | 125 | 219 | 262 | 415 | 498 | 887 | 983 |
| 100 | 9 | 13 | 26 | 30 | 54 | 62 | 101 | 118 | 208 | 249 | 393 | 472 | 843 | 933 |
| 150 | 7 | 10 | 20 | 23 | 42 | 48 | 78 | 91 | 171 | 205 | 320 | 387 | 691 | 762 |
| 200 | 6 | 9 | 18 | 21 | 38 | 44 | 71 | 82 | 148 | 179 | 277 | 336 | 600 | 661 |
| 250 | 5 | 8 | 16 | 19 | 34 | 39 | 63 | 74 | 133 | 161 | 247 | 301 | 538 | 591 |
| 300 | 5 | 7 | 15 | 17 | 32 | 36 | 57 | 67 | 95 | 148 | 226 | 275 | 492 | 540 |
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2 Table includes losses for four 90 degree (1.57 rad) bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends, fittings, or both shall be increased by an
equivalent length of tubing to the following equation: L = 1.3 n, where L is additional length (ft) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings, bends, or both.
3 EHD = Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter, which is a measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD,
the greater the gas capacity of the tubing.
TABLE 1216.2(15)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(p)]1, 2
| GAS: | NATURAL | ||||||||||||
| INLET PRESSURE: | LESS THAN 2 psi | ||||||||||||
| PRESSURE DROP: | 3.0 in.w.c. | ||||||||||||
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 0.60 | ||||||||||||
| INTENDED USE: INITIAL SUPPLY PRESSURE OF 8.0 INCH WATER COLUMN OR GREATER | |||||||||||||
| TUBE SIZE (EHD)3 | |||||||||||||
| FLOW DESIGNATION: | 13 | 15 | 18 | 19 | 23 | 25 | 30 | 31 | 37 | 46 | 48 | 60 | 62 |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | ||||||||||||
| 5 | 120 | 160 | 277 | 327 | 529 | 649 | 1180 | 1370 | 2140 | 4430 | 5010 | 8800 | 10100 |
| 10 | 83 | 112 | 197 | 231 | 380 | 462 | 828 | 958 | 1530 | 3200 | 3560 | 6270 | 7160 |
| 15 | 67 | 90 | 161 | 189 | 313 | 379 | 673 | 778 | 1250 | 2540 | 2910 | 5140 | 5850 |
| 20 | 57 | 78 | 140 | 164 | 273 | 329 | 580 | 672 | 1090 | 2200 | 2530 | 4460 | 5070 |
| 25 | 51 | 69 | 125 | 147 | 245 | 295 | 518 | 599 | 978 | 1960 | 2270 | 4000 | 4540 |
| 30 | 46 | 63 | 115 | l34 | 225 | 270 | 471 | 546 | 895 | 1790 | 2070 | 3660 | 4140 |
| 40 | 39 | 54 | 100 | 116 | 196 | 234 | 407 | 471 | 778 | 1550 | 1800 | 3180 | 3590 |
| 50 | 35 | 48 | 89 | 104 | 176 | 210 | 363 | 421 | 698 | l380 | 1610 | 2850 | 3210 |
| 60 | 32 | 44 | 82 | 95 | 161 | 192 | 330 | 383 | 639 | 1260 | 1470 | 2600 | 2930 |
| 70 | 29 | 41 | 76 | 88 | 150 | 178 | 306 | 355 | 593 | 1170 | l360 | 2420 | 2720 |
| 80 | 27 | 38 | 71 | 82 | 141 | 167 | 285 | 331 | 555 | 1090 | 1280 | 2260 | 2540 |
| 90 | 26 | 36 | 67 | 77 | l33 | 157 | 268 | 311 | 524 | 1030 | 1200 | 2140 | 2400 |
| 100 | 24 | 34 | 63 | 73 | 126 | 149 | 254 | 295 | 498 | 974 | 1140 | 2030 | 2280 |
| 150 | 19 | 27 | 52 | 60 | 104 | 122 | 206 | 240 | 409 | 793 | 936 | 1660 | 1860 |
| 200 | 17 | 23 | 45 | 52 | 91 | 106 | 178 | 207 | 355 | 686 | 812 | 1440 | 1610 |
| 250 | 15 | 21 | 40 | 46 | 82 | 95 | 159 | 184 | 319 | 613 | 728 | 1290 | 1440 |
| 300 | 13 | 19 | 37 | 42 | 75 | 87 | 144 | 168 | 234 | 559 | 665 | 1180 | l320 |
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2 Table includes losses for four 90 degree (1.57 rad) bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends, fittings, or both shall be increased by an
equivalent length of tubing to the following equation: L = 1.3 n, where L is additional length (ft) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings, bends, or both.
3 EHD = Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter, which is a measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD,
the greater the gas capacity of the tubing.
TABLE 1216.2(16)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(q)]1, 2
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(q)]1, 2
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
Notes:
1 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
2 Table includes losses for four 90 degree (1.57 rad) bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends, fittings, or both shall be increased by an
equivalent length of tubing to the following equation: L = 1.3 n, where L is additional length (ft) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings, bends, or both.
3 EHD = Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter, which is a measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD,
the greater the gas capacity of the tubing.
TABLE 1216.2(17)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(r)]1, 2, 3, 4
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(r)]1, 2, 3, 4
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes:
Notes:
1 Table does not include effect of pressure drop across the line regulator. Where regulator loss exceeds 0.75 psi (5.17 kPa), DO NOT USE THIS TABLE. Consult with regulator
manufacturer for pressure drops and capacity factors. Pressure drops across regulator are capable of varying with the flow rate.
2 CAUTION: Capacities shown in table are capable of exceeding the maximum capacity of selected regulator. Consult with regulator or tubing manufacturer
for guidance.
3 Table includes losses for four 90 degree (1.57 rad) bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends, fittings, or both shall be increased by an
equivalent length of tubing to the following equation: L = 1.3 n, where L is additional length (ft) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings, bends, or both.
4 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.5 EHD = Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter, which is a measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD,
the greater the gas capacity of the tubing.
TABLE 1216.2(18)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(s)]1, 2, 3, 4
| GAS: | NATURAL | |||||||||||||
| INLET PRESSURE: | 5.0 psi | |||||||||||||
| PRESSURE DROP: | 3.5 psi | |||||||||||||
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 0.60 | |||||||||||||
| TUBE SIZE (EHD)5 | ||||||||||||||
| FLOW DESIGNATION: | 13 | 15 | 18 | 19 | 23 | 25 | 30 | 31 | 37 | 39 | 46 | 48 | 60 | 62 |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | |||||||||||||
| 10 | 523 | 674 | 1080 | l300 | 2000 | 2530 | 4920 | 5660 | 8300 | 9140 | 18100 | 19800 | 34400 | 40400 |
| 25 | 322 | 420 | 691 | 827 | 1290 | 1620 | 3080 | 3540 | 5310 | 5911 | 11400 | 12600 | 22000 | 25600 |
| 30 | 292 | 382 | 632 | 755 | 1180 | 1480 | 2800 | 3230 | 4860 | 5420 | 10400 | 11500 | 20100 | 23400 |
| 40 | 251 | 329 | 549 | 654 | 1030 | 1280 | 2420 | 2790 | 4230 | 4727 | 8970 | 10000 | 17400 | 20200 |
| 50 | 223 | 293 | 492 | 586 | 926 | 1150 | 2160 | 2490 | 3790 | 4251 | 8020 | 8930 | 15600 | 18100 |
| 75 | 180 | 238 | 403 | 479 | 763 | 944 | 1750 | 2020 | 3110 | 3506 | 6530 | 7320 | 12800 | 14800 |
| 80 | 174 | 230 | 391 | 463 | 740 | 915 | 1690 | 1960 | 3020 | 3400 | 6320 | 7090 | 12400 | 14300 |
| 100 | 154 | 205 | 350 | 415 | 665 | 820 | 1510 | 1740 | 2710 | 3057 | 5650 | 6350 | 11100 | 12800 |
| 150 | 124 | 166 | 287 | 339 | 548 | 672 | 1230 | 1420 | 2220 | 2521 | 4600 | 5200 | 9130 | 10500 |
| 200 | 107 | 143 | 249 | 294 | 478 | 584 | 1060 | 1220 | 1930 | 2199 | 3980 | 4510 | 7930 | 9090 |
| 250 | 95 | 128 | 223 | 263 | 430 | 524 | 945 | 1090 | 1730 | 1977 | 3550 | 4040 | 7110 | 8140 |
| 300 | 86 | 116 | 204 | 240 | 394 | 479 | 860 | 995 | 1590 | 1813 | 3240 | 3690 | 6500 | 7430 |
| 400 | 74 | 100 | 177 | 208 | 343 | 416 | 742 | 858 | l380 | 1581 | 2800 | 3210 | 5650 | 6440 |
| 500 | 66 | 89 | 159 | 186 | 309 | 373 | 662 | 766 | 1040 | 1422 | 2500 | 2870 | 5060 | 5760 |
Notes:
1 Table does not include effect of pressure drop across the line regulator. Where regulator loss exceeds 1 psi (7 kPa), DO NOT USE THIS TABLE. Consult with regulator
manufacturer for pressure drops and capacity factors. Pressure drops across regulator are capable of varying with the flow rate.
2 CAUTION: Capacities shown in table are capable of exceeding the maximum capacity of selected regulator. Consult tubing manufacturer for guidance.
3 Table includes losses for four 90 degree (1.57 rad) bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends, fittings, or both shall be increased by an
equivalent length of tubing to the following equation: L = 1.3 n, where L is additional length (ft) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings, bends, or both.
4 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.5 EHD = Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter, which is a measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD,
the greater the gas capacity of the tubing.
TABLE 1216.2(19)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(t)]*
| GAS: | NATURAL | |||||||
| INLET PRESSURE: | LESS THAN 2 psi | |||||||
| PRESSURE DROP: | 0.3 in. w.c. | |||||||
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 0.60 | |||||||
| PIPE SIZE (inch) | ||||||||
| NOMINAL OD: | 1/2 | 3/4 | 1 | 11/4 | 11/2 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| DESIGNATION: | SDR 9.3 | SDR 11 | SDR 11 | SDR 10 | SDR 11 | SDR 11 | SDR 11 | SDR 11 |
| ACTUAL ID: | 0.660 | 0.860 | 1.077 | 1.328 | 1.554 | 1.943 | 2.864 | 3.682 |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | |||||||
| 10 | 153 | 305 | 551 | 955 | 1440 | 2590 | 7170 | 13900 |
| 20 | 105 | 210 | 379 | 656 | 991 | 1780 | 4920 | 9520 |
| 30 | 84 | 169 | 304 | 527 | 796 | 1430 | 3950 | 7640 |
| 40 | 72 | 144 | 260 | 451 | 681 | 1220 | 3380 | 6540 |
| 50 | 64 | 128 | 231 | 400 | 604 | 1080 | 3000 | 5800 |
| 60 | 58 | 116 | 209 | 362 | 547 | 983 | 2720 | 5250 |
| 70 | 53 | 107 | 192 | 333 | 503 | 904 | 2500 | 4830 |
| 80 | 50 | 99 | 179 | 310 | 468 | 841 | 2330 | 4500 |
| 90 | 46 | 93 | 168 | 291 | 439 | 789 | 2180 | 4220 |
| 100 | 44 | 88 | 159 | 275 | 415 | 745 | 2060 | 3990 |
| 125 | 39 | 78 | 141 | 243 | 368 | 661 | 1830 | 3530 |
| 150 | 35 | 71 | 127 | 221 | 333 | 598 | 1660 | 3200 |
| 175 | 32 | 65 | 117 | 203 | 306 | 551 | 1520 | 2940 |
| 200 | 30 | 60 | 109 | 189 | 285 | 512 | 1420 | 2740 |
| 250 | 27 | 54 | 97 | 167 | 253 | 454 | 1260 | 2430 |
| 300 | 24 | 48 | 88 | 152 | 229 | 411 | 1140 | 2200 |
| 350 | 22 | 45 | 81 | 139 | 211 | 378 | 1050 | 2020 |
| 400 | 21 | 42 | 75 | 130 | 196 | 352 | 974 | 1880 |
| 450 | 19 | 39 | 70 | 122 | 184 | 330 | 914 | 1770 |
| 500 | 18 | 37 | 66 | 115 | 174 | 312 | 863 | 1670 |
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(20)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(u)]*
| GAS: | NATURAL | |||||||
| INLET PRESSURE: | LESS THAN 2 psi | |||||||
| PRESSURE DROP: | 0.5 in. w.c. | |||||||
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 0.60 | |||||||
| PIPE SIZE (inch) | ||||||||
| NOMINAL OD: | 1/2 | 3/4 | 1 | 11/4 | 11/2 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| DESIGNATION: | SDR 9.3 | SDR 11 | SDR 11 | SDR 10 | SDR 11 | SDR 11 | SDR 11 | SDR 11 |
| ACTUAL ID: | 0.660 | 0.860 | 1.077 | 1.328 | 1.554 | 1.943 | 2.864 | 3.682 |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | |||||||
| 10 | 201 | 403 | 726 | 1260 | 1900 | 3410 | 9450 | 18260 |
| 20 | 138 | 277 | 499 | 865 | 1310 | 2350 | 6490 | 12550 |
| 30 | 111 | 222 | 401 | 695 | 1050 | 1880 | 5210 | 10080 |
| 40 | 95 | 190 | 343 | 594 | 898 | 1610 | 4460 | 8630 |
| 50 | 84 | 169 | 304 | 527 | 796 | 1430 | 3950 | 7640 |
| 60 | 76 | 153 | 276 | 477 | 721 | 1300 | 3580 | 6930 |
| 70 | 70 | 140 | 254 | 439 | 663 | 1190 | 3300 | 6370 |
| 80 | 65 | 131 | 236 | 409 | 617 | 1110 | 3070 | 5930 |
| 90 | 61 | 123 | 221 | 383 | 579 | 1040 | 2880 | 5560 |
| 100 | 58 | 116 | 209 | 362 | 547 | 983 | 2720 | 5250 |
| 125 | 51 | 103 | 185 | 321 | 485 | 871 | 2410 | 4660 |
| 150 | 46 | 93 | 168 | 291 | 439 | 789 | 2180 | 4220 |
| 175 | 43 | 86 | 154 | 268 | 404 | 726 | 2010 | 3880 |
| 200 | 40 | 80 | 144 | 249 | 376 | 675 | 1870 | 3610 |
| 250 | 35 | 71 | 127 | 221 | 333 | 598 | 1660 | 3200 |
| 300 | 32 | 64 | 115 | 200 | 302 | 542 | 1500 | 2900 |
| 350 | 29 | 59 | 106 | 184 | 278 | 499 | 1380 | 2670 |
| 400 | 27 | 55 | 99 | 171 | 258 | 464 | 1280 | 2480 |
| 450 | 26 | 51 | 93 | 160 | 242 | 435 | 1200 | 2330 |
| 500 | 24 | 48 | 88 | 152 | 229 | 411 | 1140 | 2200 |
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(21)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(v)]*
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(v)]*
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(22)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(w)]2, 3
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(w)]2, 3
| GAS: | NATURAL | |
| INLET PRESSURE: | LESS THAN 2.0 psi | |
| PRESSURE DROP: | 0.3 in. w.c. | |
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 0.60 | |
| PLASTIC TUBING SIZE (CTS)1 (inch) | ||
| NOMINAL OD: | 1/2 | 1 |
| DESIGNATION: | SDR 7 | SDR 11 |
| ACTUAL ID: | 0.445 | 0.927 |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | |
| 10 | 54 | 372 |
| 20 | 37 | 256 |
| 30 | 30 | 205 |
| 40 | 26 | 176 |
| 50 | 23 | 156 |
| 60 | 21 | 141 |
| 70 | 19 | 130 |
| 80 | 18 | 121 |
| 90 | 17 | 113 |
| 100 | 16 | 107 |
| 125 | 14 | 95 |
| 150 | 13 | 86 |
| 175 | 12 | 79 |
| 200 | 11 | 74 |
| 225 | 10 | 69 |
| 250 | NA | 65 |
| 275 | NA | 62 |
| 300 | NA | 59 |
| 350 | NA | 54 |
| 400 | NA | 51 |
| 450 | NA | 47 |
| 500 | NA | 45 |
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1 CTS = Copper tube size.
2 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
3 NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).
TABLE 1216.2(23)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(x)]2, 3
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.2(x)]2, 3
| GAS: | NATURAL | |
| INLET PRESSURE: | LESS THAN 2.0 psi | |
| PRESSURE DROP: | 0.5 in. w.c. | |
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 0.60 | |
| PLASTIC TUBING SIZE (CTS)1 (inch) | ||
| NOMINAL OD: | 1/2 | 1 |
| DESIGNATION: | SDR 7 | SDR 11 |
| ACTUAL ID: | 0.445 | 0.927 |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | |
| 10 | 72 | 490 |
| 20 | 49 | 337 |
| 30 | 39 | 271 |
| 40 | 34 | 232 |
| 50 | 30 | 205 |
| 60 | 27 | 186 |
| 70 | 25 | 171 |
| 80 | 23 | 159 |
| 90 | 22 | 149 |
| 100 | 21 | 141 |
| 125 | 18 | 125 |
| 150 | 17 | 113 |
| 175 | 15 | 104 |
| 200 | 14 | 97 |
| 225 | 13 | 91 |
| 250 | 12 | 86 |
| 275 | 11 | 82 |
| 300 | 11 | 78 |
| 350 | 10 | 72 |
| 400 | NA | 67 |
| 450 | NA | 63 |
| 500 | NA | 59 |
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 cubic foot per hour = 0.0283 m3/h, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1 CTS = Copper tube size.
2 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
3 NA means a flow of less than 10 ft3/h (0.283 m3/h).
TABLE 1216.2(24)
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(a)]*
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(a)]*
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(25)
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(b)]*
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(b)]*
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(26)
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(c)]*
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(c)]*
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(27)
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(d)]*
SCHEDULE 40 METALLIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(d)]*
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(28)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(e)]2
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(e)]2
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes:
Notes:
1 Table capacities are based on Type K copper tubing inside diameter (shown), which has the smallest inside diameter of the copper tubing products.
2 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.TABLE 1216.2(29)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(f)]2, 3
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(f)]2, 3
For SI units: 1 inch 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
3 NA means a flow ofless than 10000 Btu/h (2.93 kW).
Notes:
1 Table capacities are based on Type K copper tubing inside diameter (shown), which has the smallest inside diameter of the copper tubing products.
2 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.3 NA means a flow ofless than 10000 Btu/h (2.93 kW).
TABLE 1216.2(30)
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(9)]2
SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(9)]2
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes:
Notes:
1 Table capacities are based on Type K copper tubing inside diameter (shown), which has the smallest inside diameter of the copper tubing products.
2 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.TABLE 1216.2(31)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(h)]1, 2
| GAS: | UNDILUTED PROPANE | |||||||||||||
| INLET PRESSURE: | 11.0 in. w.c. | |||||||||||||
| PRESSURE DROP: | 0.5 in. w.c. | |||||||||||||
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 1.50 | |||||||||||||
| INTENDED USE: CSST SIZING BETWEEN SINGLE OR SECOND STAGE (LOW PRESSURE) REGULATOR AND APPLIANCE SHUTOFF VALVE | ||||||||||||||
| TUBE SIZE (EHD)3 | ||||||||||||||
| FLOW DESIGNATION: | 13 | 15 | 18 | 19 | 23 | 25 | 30 | 31 | 37 | 39 | 46 | 48 | 60 | 62 |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | |||||||||||||
| 5 | 72 | 99 | 181 | 211 | 355 | 426 | 744 | 863 | 1420 | 1638 | 2830 | 3270 | 5780 | 6550 |
| 10 | 50 | 69 | 129 | 150 | 254 | 303 | 521 | 605 | 971 | 1179 | 1990 | 2320 | 4110 | 4640 |
| 15 | 39 | 55 | 104 | 121 | 208 | 248 | 422 | 490 | 775 | 972 | 1620 | 1900 | 3370 | 3790 |
| 20 | 34 | 49 | 91 | 106 | 183 | 216 | 365 | 425 | 661 | 847 | 1400 | 1650 | 2930 | 3290 |
| 25 | 30 | 42 | 82 | 94 | 164 | 192 | 325 | 379 | 583 | 762 | 1250 | 1480 | 2630 | 2940 |
| 30 | 28 | 39 | 74 | 87 | 151 | 177 | 297 | 344 | 528 | 698 | 1140 | l350 | 2400 | 2680 |
| 40 | 23 | 33 | 64 | 74 | l31 | 153 | 256 | 297 | 449 | 610 | 988 | 1170 | 2090 | 2330 |
| 50 | 20 | 30 | 58 | 66 | 118 | l37 | 227 | 265 | 397 | 548 | 884 | 1050 | 1870 | 2080 |
| 60 | 19 | 26 | 53 | 60 | 107 | 126 | 207 | 241 | 359 | 502 | 805 | 961 | 1710 | 1900 |
| 70 | 17 | 25 | 49 | 57 | 99 | 117 | 191 | 222 | 330 | 466 | 745 | 890 | 1590 | 1760 |
| 80 | 15 | 23 | 45 | 52 | 94 | 109 | 178 | 208 | 307 | 438 | 696 | 833 | 1490 | 1650 |
| 90 | 15 | 22 | 44 | 50 | 90 | 102 | 169 | 197 | 286 | 414 | 656 | 787 | 1400 | 1550 |
| 100 | 14 | 20 | 41 | 47 | 85 | 98 | 159 | 186 | 270 | 393 | 621 | 746 | 1330 | 1480 |
| 150 | 11 | 15 | 31 | 36 | 66 | 75 | 123 | 143 | 217 | 324 | 506 | 611 | 1090 | 1210 |
| 200 | 9 | 14 | 28 | 33 | 60 | 69 | 112 | 129 | 183 | 283 | 438 | 531 | 948 | 1050 |
| 250 | 8 | 12 | 25 | 30 | 53 | 61 | 99 | 117 | 163 | 254 | 390 | 476 | 850 | 934 |
| 300 | 8 | 11 | 23 | 26 | 50 | 57 | 90 | 107 | 147 | 234 | 357 | 434 | 777 | 854 |
Notes:
1 Table includes losses for four 90 degree (1.57 rad) bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends, fittings, or both shall be increased by an
equivalent length of tubing to the following equation: L = 1.3 n, where L is additional length (ft) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings, bends, or both.
2 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.3 EHD = Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter, which is a measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD,
the greater the gas capacity of the tubing.
TABLE 1216.2(32)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(i)]1, 2, 3, 4
| GAS: | UNDILUTED PROPANE | |||||||||||||
| INLET PRESSURE: | 2.0 psi | |||||||||||||
| PRESSURE DROP: | 1.0 psi | |||||||||||||
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 1.50 | |||||||||||||
| INTENDED USE: CSST SIZING BETWEEN 2 PSI SERVICE AND LINE PRESSURE REGULATOR | ||||||||||||||
| TUBE SIZE (EHD)5 | ||||||||||||||
| FLOW DESIGNATION: | 13 | 15 | 18 | 19 | 23 | 25 | 30 | 31 | 37 | 39 | 46 | 48 | 60 | 62 |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN CUBIC FEET OF GAS PER HOUR | |||||||||||||
| 10 | 426 | 558 | 927 | 1110 | 1740 | 2170 | 4100 | 4720 | 7130 | 7958 | 15200 | 16800 | 29400 | 34200 |
| 25 | 262 | 347 | 591 | 701 | 1120 | 1380 | 2560 | 2950 | 4560 | 5147 | 9550 | 10700 | 18800 | 21700 |
| 30 | 238 | 316 | 540 | 640 | 1030 | 1270 | 2330 | 2690 | 4180 | 4719 | 8710 | 9790 | 17200 | 19800 |
| 40 | 203 | 271 | 469 | 554 | 896 | 1100 | 2010 | 2320 | 3630 | 4116 | 7530 | 8500 | 14900 | 17200 |
| 50 | 181 | 243 | 420 | 496 | 806 | 986 | 1790 | 2070 | 3260 | 3702 | 6730 | 7610 | 13400 | 15400 |
| 75 | 147 | 196 | 344 | 406 | 663 | 809 | 1460 | 1690 | 2680 | 3053 | 5480 | 6230 | 11000 | 12600 |
| 80 | 140 | 189 | 333 | 393 | 643 | 768 | 1410 | 1630 | 2590 | 2961 | 5300 | 6040 | 10600 | 12200 |
| 100 | 124 | 169 | 298 | 350 | 578 | 703 | 1260 | 1450 | 2330 | 2662 | 4740 | 5410 | 9530 | 10900 |
| 150 | 101 | 137 | 245 | 287 | 477 | 575 | 1020 | 1180 | 1910 | 2195 | 3860 | 4430 | 7810 | 8890 |
| 200 | 86 | 118 | 213 | 248 | 415 | 501 | 880 | 1020 | 1660 | 1915 | 3340 | 3840 | 6780 | 7710 |
| 250 | 77 | 105 | 191 | 222 | 373 | 448 | 785 | 910 | 1490 | 1722 | 2980 | 3440 | 6080 | 6900 |
| 300 | 69 | 96 | 173 | 203 | 343 | 411 | 716 | 829 | 1360 | 1578 | 2720 | 3150 | 5560 | 6300 |
| 400 | 60 | 82 | 151 | 175 | 298 | 355 | 616 | 716 | 1160 | 1376 | 2350 | 2730 | 4830 | 5460 |
| 500 | 53 | 72 | 135 | 158 | 268 | 319 | 550 | 638 | 1030 | 1237 | 2100 | 2450 | 4330 | 4880 |
Notes:
1 Table does not include effect of pressure drop across the line regulator. Where regulator loss exceeds 0.5 psi (3.4 kPa), [based on 13 inch water column (3.2 kPa)
outlet pressure], DO NOT USE THIS TABLE. Consult with regulator
manufacturer for pressure drops and capacity factors. Pressure drops across regulator are capable of varying with the flow rate.
2 CAUTION: Capacities shown in table are capable of exceeding the maximum capacity of selected regulator. Consult tubing manufacturer for guidance.
3 Table includes losses for four 90 degree (1.57 rad) bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends, fittings, or both shall be increased by an
equivalent length of tubing to the following equation: L = 1.3 n, where L is additional length (ft) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings, bends, or both.
4 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.5 EHD = Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter, which is a measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD,
the greater the gas capacity of the tubing.
TABLE 1216.2(33)
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(j)]1, 2, 3, 4
CORRUGATED STAINLESS STEEL TUBING (CSST) [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(j)]1, 2, 3, 4
For SI units: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
Notes:
Notes:
1 Table does not include effect of pressure drop across the line regulator. Where regulator loss exceeds 0.5 psi (3.4 kPa), [based on 13 inch water column (3.2 kPa) outlet
pressure], DO NOT USE THIS TABLE. Consult with regulator
manufacturer for pressure drops and capacity factors. Pressure drops across regulator are capable of varying with the flow rate.
2 CAUTION: Capacities shown in table are capable of exceeding the maximum capacity of selected regulator. Consult with regulator or tubing manufacturer
for guidance.
3 Table includes losses for four 90 degree (1.57 rad) bends and two end fittings. Tubing runs with larger numbers of bends, fittings, or both shall be increased by an
equivalent length of tubing to the following equation: L = 1.3 n, where L is additional length (ft) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings, bends, or both.
4 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.5 EHD = Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter, which is a measure of the relative hydraulic efficiency between different tubing sizes. The greater the value of EHD,
the greater the gas capacity of the tubing.
TABLE 1216.2(34)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(k)]*
| GAS: | UNDILUTED PROPANE | |||||||
| INLET PRESSURE: | 11.0 in. w.c. | |||||||
| PRESSURE DROP: | 0.5 in. w.c. | |||||||
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 1.50 | |||||||
| INTENDED USE: PE SIZING BETWEEN INTEGRAL SECOND-STAGE REGULATOR AT TANK OR SECOND-STANGE (LOW PRESSURE) REGULATOR AND BUILDING |
||||||||
| PIPE SIZE (inch) | ||||||||
| NOMINAL OD: | 1/2 | 3/4 | 1 | 11/4 | 11/2 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| DESIGNATION: | SDR 9.3 | SDR 11 | SDR 11 | SDR 10 | SDR 11 | SDR 11 | SDR 11 | SDR 11 |
| ACTUAL ID: | 0.660 | .860 | 1.077 | 1.328 | 1.554 | 1.943 | 2.864 | 3.682 |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR | |||||||
| 10 | 340 | 680 | 1230 | 2130 | 3210 | 5770 | 16000 | 30900 |
| 20 | 233 | 468 | 844 | 1460 | 2210 | 3970 | 11000 | 21200 |
| 30 | 187 | 375 | 677 | 1170 | 1770 | 3180 | 8810 | 17000 |
| 40 | 160 | 321 | 580 | 1000 | 1520 | 2730 | 7540 | 14600 |
| 50 | 142 | 285 | 514 | 890 | 1340 | 2420 | 6680 | 12900 |
| 60 | 129 | 258 | 466 | 807 | 1220 | 2190 | 6050 | 11700 |
| 70 | 119 | 237 | 428 | 742 | 1120 | 2010 | 5570 | 10800 |
| 80 | 110 | 221 | 398 | 690 | 1040 | 1870 | 5180 | 10000 |
| 90 | 103 | 207 | 374 | 648 | 978 | 1760 | 4860 | 9400 |
| 100 | 98 | 196 | 353 | 612 | 924 | 1660 | 4590 | 8900 |
| 125 | 87 | 173 | 313 | 542 | 819 | 1470 | 4070 | 7900 |
| 150 | 78 | 157 | 284 | 491 | 742 | 1330 | 3690 | 7130 |
| 175 | 72 | 145 | 261 | 452 | 683 | 1230 | 3390 | 6560 |
| 200 | 67 | 135 | 243 | 420 | 635 | 1140 | 3160 | 6100 |
| 250 | 60 | 119 | 215 | 373 | 563 | 1010 | 2800 | 5410 |
| 300 | 54 | 108 | 195 | 338 | 510 | 916 | 2530 | 4900 |
| 350 | 50 | 99 | 179 | 311 | 469 | 843 | 2330 | 4510 |
| 400 | 46 | 92 | 167 | 289 | 436 | 784 | 2170 | 4190 |
| 450 | 43 | 87 | 157 | 271 | 409 | 736 | 2040 | 3930 |
| 500 | 41 | 82 | 148 | 256 | 387 | 695 | 1920 | 3720 |
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(35)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54:TABlE 6.3(I)]*
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC PIPE [NFPA 54:TABlE 6.3(I)]*
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
* Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
TABLE 1216.2(36)
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(m)]2
POLYETHYLENE PLASTIC TUBING [NFPA 54: TABLE 6.3(m)]2
| GAS: | UNDILUTED PROPANE | |
| INLET PRESSURE: | 11.0 in. w.c. | |
| PRESSURE DROP: | 0.5 in. w.c. | |
| SPECIFIC GRAVITY: | 1.50 | |
| INTENDED USE: PE TUBE SIZING BETWEEN INTEGRAL SECOND-STAGE REGULATOR AT TANK OR SECOND-STAGE (LOW PRESSURE) REGULATOR AND BUILDING |
||
| PLASTIC TUBING SIZE (CTS)1 (inch) | ||
| NOMINAL OD: | 1/2 | 1 |
| DESIGNATION: | SDR 7 | SDR 11 |
| ACTUAL ID: | 0.445 | 0.927 |
| LENGTH (feet) | CAPACITY IN THOUSANDS OF BTU PER HOUR | |
| 10 | 121 | 828 |
| 20 | 83 | 569 |
| 30 | 67 | 457 |
| 40 | 57 | 391 |
| 50 | 51 | 347 |
| 60 | 46 | 314 |
| 70 | 42 | 289 |
| 80 | 39 | 269 |
| 90 | 37 | 252 |
| 100 | 35 | 238 |
| 125 | 31 | 211 |
| 150 | 28 | 191 |
| 175 | 26 | 176 |
| 200 | 24 | 164 |
| 225 | 22 | 154 |
| 250 | 21 | 145 |
| 275 | 20 | 138 |
| 300 | 19 | 132 |
| 350 | 18 | 121 |
| 400 | 16 | 113 |
| 450 | 15 | 106 |
| 500 | 15 | 100 |
For SI units: 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1000 British thermal units per
hour = 0.293 kW, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
Notes:
1 CTS = Copper tube size.
2 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
Notes:
1 CTS = Copper tube size.
2 Table entries are rounded to 3 significant digits.
The inside diameter of smooth-wall
pipe or tubing shall be determined by Equation
1216.3(1), Equation 1216.3(2), Table 1216.3, and using the
equivalent pipe length determined by Section 1216.1.1
through Section 1216.1.3. [NFPA 54:6.4]
EQUATION 1216.3(1)
LOW-PRESSURE GAS FORMULA (LESS THAN 1.5 psi) [NFPA 54:6.4.1]
Where:
EQUATION 1216.3(2)
HIGH-PRESSURE GAS FORMULA (1.5 psi AND ABOVE) [NFPA 54:6.4.2]
Where:
For SI units: 1 cubic foot = 0.0283 m3, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, °C = (°F-32)/1.8, 1 inch mercury column = 3.39 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
LOW-PRESSURE GAS FORMULA (LESS THAN 1.5 psi) [NFPA 54:6.4.1]
Where:
| D | = | inside diameter of pipe, inches |
| Q | = | input rate appliance(s), cubic feet per hour at 60°F and 30 inch mercury column |
| L | = | equivalent length of pipe, feet |
| ΔH | = | pressure drop, inches water column |
| Cr | = | in accordance with Table 1216.3 |
HIGH-PRESSURE GAS FORMULA (1.5 psi AND ABOVE) [NFPA 54:6.4.2]
Where:
| D | = | inside diameter of pipe, inches |
| Q | = | input rate appliance(s), cubic feet per hour at 60°F and 30 inch mercury column |
| P1 | = | upstream pressure, psia (P1 + 14.7) |
| P2 | = | downstream pressure, psia (P2 + 14.7) |
| L | = | equivalent length of pipe, feet |
| Cr | = | in accordance with Table 1216.3 |
| Y | = | in accordance with Table 1216.3 |
For SI units: 1 cubic foot = 0.0283 m3, 1000 British thermal units per hour = 0.293 kW, 1 inch = 25 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound-force per square inch = 6.8947 kPa, °C = (°F-32)/1.8, 1 inch mercury column = 3.39 kPa, 1 inch water column = 0.249 kPa
| GAS | FORMULA FACTORS | |
| Cr | Y | |
| Natural Gas | 0.6094 | 0.9992 |
| Undiluted Propane | 1.2462 | 0.9910 |
To determine the size of
each section of pipe in a system within the range of Table 1216.2(1) through Table 1216.2(36), proceed as follows:
- Measure the length of the pipe from the gas meter location to the most remote outlet on the system.
- Select the length in feet column and row showing the distance, or the next longer distance where the table does not give the exact length.
- Starting at the most remote outlet, find in the row just selected the gas demand for that outlet. Where the exact figure of demand is not shown, choose the next larger figure in the row.
- At the top of this column will be found the correct size of pipe.
- Using this same row, proceed in a similar manner for each section of pipe serving this outlet. For each section of pipe, determine the total gas demand supplied by that section. Where gas piping sections serve both heating and cooling appliances and the installation prevents both units from operating simultaneously, the larger of the two demand loads needs to be used in sizing these sections.
- Size each section of branch piping not previously sized by measuring the distance from the gas meter location to the most remote outlet in that branch and follow the procedures of steps 2, 3, 4, and 5 above. Size branch piping in the order of their distance from the meter location, beginning with the most distant outlet not previously sized.
For conditions other than
those covered by Section 1216.1, such as longer runs or
greater gas demands, the size of each gas piping system shall
be determined by standard engineering methods acceptable
to the Authority Having Jurisdiction, and each such system
shall be so designed that the total pressure drop between the
meter or other point of supply and an outlet where full demand
is being supplied to all outlets, shall be in accordance
with the requirements of Section 1208.4.
Where the gas pressure exceeds
14 inches (3.5 kPa) or less than 6 inches (1.5 kPa) of
water column, or where diversity demand factors are used,
the design, pipe, sizing, materials, location, and use of such
systems first shall be approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.
Piping systems designed for pressures exceeding
the serving gas supplier's standard delivery pressure shall
have prior verification from the gas supplier of the availability
of the design pressure.