Cold-formed steel framed walls shall be anchored to foundations or floors in accordance with Table R603.3.1 and Figure R603.3.1(1), R603.3.1(2), R603.3.1(3) or R603.3.1(4). Anchor bolts shall be located not more than 12 inches (305 mm) from corners or the termination of bottom tracks. Anchor bolts shall extend not less than 15 inches (381 mm) into masonry or 7 inches (178 mm) into concrete. Foundation anchor straps shall be permitted, in lieu of anchor bolts, if spaced as required to provide equivalent anchorage to the required anchor bolts and installed in accordance with manufacturer's requirements.
WALL TO FOUNDATION OR FLOOR CONNECTION REQUIREMENTSa, b
| FRAMING CONDITION | ULTIMATE WIND SPEED AND EXPOSURE CATEGORY (mph) | ||||||
| 115 B | 126 B or 110 C | < 139 B or 115 C | 126 C | < 139 C | |||
| Wall bottom track to floor per Figure R603.3.1(1) | 1-No. 8 screw at 12" o.c. | 1-No. 8 screw at 12" o.c. | 1-No. 8 screw at 12" o.c. | 2-No. 8 screws at 12" o.c. | 2-No. 8 screws at 12" o.c. | ||
| Wall bottom track to foundation per Figure R603.3.1(2)d | 1/2" minimum diameter anchor bolt at 6' o.c. | 1/2" minimum diameter anchor bolt at 4' o.c. | 1/2" minimum diameter anchor bolt at 4' o.c. | 1/2" minimum diameter anchor bolt at 4' o.c. | 1/2" minimum diameter anchor bolt at 4' o.c. | ||
| Wall bottom track to wood sill per Figure R603.3.1(3) | Steel plate spaced at 4' o.c., with 4- No. 8 screws and 4-10d or 6-8d common nails | Steel plate spaced at 3' o.c., with 4- No. 8 screws and 4-10d or 6-8d common nails | Steel plate spaced at 3' o.c., with 4- No. 8 screws and 4-10d or 6-8d common nails | Steel plate spaced at 2' o.c., with 4- No. 8 screws and 4-10d or 6-8d common nails | Steel plate spaced at 2' o.c., with 4- No. 8 screws and 4-10d or 6-8d common nails | ||
| Wind uplift connector strength (lbs)c, e | Stud Spacing (inches) | Roof Span (feet) | |||||
| 16 | 24 | NR | NR | NR | 124 | 209 | |
| 28 | NR | NR | 62 | 151 | 249 | ||
| 32 | NR | NR | 79 | 179 | 289 | ||
| 36 | NR | NR | 94 | 206 | 329 | ||
| 40 | NR | 61 | 117 | 239 | 374 | ||
| 24 | 24 | NR | NR | 69 | 186 | 314 | |
| 28 | NR | NR | 93 | 227 | 374 | ||
| 32 | NR | NR | 117 | 268 | 434 | ||
| 36 | NR | 64 | 141 | 309 | 494 | ||
| 40 | NR | 92 | 176 | 359 | 562 | ||
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 mile per hour = 0.447 m/s, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound = 4.45 N.
- Anchor bolts are to be located not more than 12 inches from corners or the termination of bottom tracks such as, at door openings or corners. Bolts are to extend not less than 15 inches into masonry or 7 inches into concrete.
- All screw sizes shown are minimum.
- NR = Uplift connector not required.
- Foundation anchor straps are permitted in place of anchor bolts, if spaced as required to provide equivalent anchorage to the required anchor bolts and installed in accordance with manufacturer's requirements.
- See Figure R603.3.1(4) for details.
WALL TO FLOOR CONNECTION
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.
WALL TO FOUNDATION CONNECTION
For SI: 1 mil = 0.0254 mm, 1 inch = 25.4 mm.
WALL TO WOOD SILL CONNECTION
WIND UPLIFT CONNECTOR
Gable endwalls with heights greater than 10 feet (3048 mm) shall be anchored to foundations or floors in accordance with Table R603.3.1.1(1) or R603.3.1.1(2).
GABLE ENDWALL TO FLOOR CONNECTION REQUIREMENTSa, b, c
| ULTIMATE WIND SPEED (mph) | WALL BOTTOM TRACK TO FLOOR JOIST OR TRACK CONNECTION | |||
| Exposure Category | Stud height, h (feet) | |||
| B | C | 10 < h ≤ 14 | 14 < h ≤ 18 | 18 < h ≤ 22 |
| 115 | — | 1-No. 8 screw @ 12" o.c. | 1-No. 8 screw @ 12" o.c. | 1-No. 8 screw @ 12" o.c. |
| 126 | 110 | 1-No. 8 screw @ 12" o.c. | 1-No. 8 screw @ 12" o.c. | 1-No. 8 screw @ 12" o.c. |
| < 139 | 115 | 1-No. 8 screw @ 12" o.c. | 1-No. 8 screw @ 12" o.c. | 2-No. 8 screws @ 12" o.c. |
| — | 126 | 1-No. 8 screw @ 12" o.c. | 2-No. 8 screws @ 12" o.c. | 1-No. 8 screw @ 8" o.c. |
| — | < 139 | 2-No. 8 screws @ 12" o.c. | 1-No. 8 screw @ 8" o.c. | 2-No. 8 screws @ 8" o.c. |
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 mile per hour = 0.447 m/s, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
- Refer to Table R603.3.1.1(2) for gable endwall bottom track to foundation connections.
- Where attachment is not given, special design is required.
- Stud height, h, is measured from wall bottom track to wall top track or brace connection height.
GABLE ENDWALL BOTTOM TRACK TO FOUNDATION CONNECTION REQUIREMENTSa, b, c
| ULTIMATE WIND SPEED (mph) | MINIMUM SPACING FOR 1/2-INCH-DIAMETER ANCHOR BOLTSd | |||
| Exposure Category | Stud height, h (feet) | |||
| B | C | 10 < h ≤ 14 | 14 < h ≤ 18 | 18 < h ≤ 22 |
| 115 | — | 6'- 0" o.c. | 5'- 7" o.c. | 6'- 0" o.c. |
| 126 | 110 | 5'- 10" o.c. | 6'- 0" o.c. | 6'- 0" o.c. |
| < 139 | 115 | 4'- 10" o.c. | 5'- 6" o.c. | 6'- 0" o.c. |
| — | 126 | 4'- 1" o.c. | 6'- 0" o.c. | 6'- 0" o.c. |
| — | < 139 | 5'- 1" o.c. | 6'- 0" o.c. | 5'- 2" o.c. |
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 mile per hour = 0.447 m/s, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
- Refer to Table R603.3.1.1(1) for gable endwall bottom track to floor joist or track connection connections.
- Where attachment is not given, special design is required.
- Stud height, h, is measured from wall bottom track to wall top track or brace connection height.
- Foundation anchor straps are permitted in place of anchor bolts if spaced as required to provide equivalent anchorage to the required anchor bolts and installed in accordance with manufacturer's requirements.