Article 1 Scope and General Requirements

The provisions of this subchapter, supplemented by the additional requirements of subchapter eleven of this chapter, shall establish minimum requirements for materials, designs, and construction to be used for all structural elements in buildings. In addition, within special flood hazard areas and below the regulatory flood datum, as described in article ten of subchapter four of this chapter, materials, designs and construction required for structural elements by reference standard RS 4-5 shall be applicable.

The provisions of reference standard RS-10 shall be a part of this subchapter.

For definitions to be used in the interpretation of this subchapter, see subchapter two of this chapter.

For the requirements governing the filing of plans and the work to be shown on the plans, see subchapter one of this chapter.

For the requirements governing equipment work permits and equipment use permits, see subchapter one of this chapter.

For purposes of this code, the structural elements of a building shall normally include all floor, roof, and wall framing members and slabs (but not including slabs-on-grade); all piers, walls, footings, piles, and similar elements of the foundation; and all other elements of both foundation and superstructure which, in engineering practice, are proportioned on the basis of calculated stress. Where doubt exists as to the structural nature of an element, the provisions of this subchapter, and of subchapter eleven of this chapter, shall be deemed to apply only to an element in which the materials are stressed in excess of thirty-three and one-third per cent of the allowable stress values (without increase for infrequent stress conditions) for such material in its proposed use, or to an element wherein public safety would be involved in the event of excessive distortion under the applied loads.

Materials and methods of construction used in the manufacture and/or placement of structural elements in a building shall be subject to the requirements of article seven of subchapter one of this chapter, the inspection provisions established in tables 10-1 and 10-2 and the detailed requirements of articles four through twelve of this subchapter and article thirteen of subchapter eleven of this chapter.

Where a material or method of construction in a specific use is required to provide fire protection as well as structural adequacy, the material or method of construction shall meet both specified requirements.

The utilization of used materials and unidentified or ungraded materials shall be limited to non-structural elements, except:

(a) Such materials (or elements) may be reused, or continued in use, at stress levels to which the materials or elements were subjected in the previous construction, or at load capacity as demonstrated by load test procedures as described in subdivision (a) of section 27-599 of article three of this subchapter.

(b) Unidentified materials may be graded by the recovery and test of representative samples, or by other means satisfactory to the commissioner.

(c) Used materials shall be considered to be graded where the grade is clearly indicated on the approved plans for the existing construction and may be used at the allowable stress levels for that grade of like material as established in the building code in force at the time the plans for the existing construction were approved.

TABLE 10-1
INSPECTION OF MATERIALS AND ASSEMBLIES

Materials	Elements That Shall Be Subject to Controlled Inspectiona, b, d	Elements That Are Not Subject to Controlled Inspectiona, c, d
Steel	None	All structural elements and connections
Concrete	Materials for all structural elements proportioned on the basis of calculated stresses seventy per cent or greater, of basic allowable values. See article five for specific requirements relating to "quality control of materials and batching."	(1) All materials for structural elements proportioned on the basis of calculated stresses less than seventy per cent of basic allowable values.(2) Concrete materials for:(a) Short span floor and roof construction proportioned as per section 27-610.(b) Walls and footings for buildings in occupancy group J-3.(3) Metal reinforcement.
Aluminum	None	All structural elements and connections.
Wood	None	All structural elements and connections.
Reinforced gypsum concrete	None	All structural elements.
Masonry	None	All structural elements.
Other	Requirements as may be established in other subchapters of this code or by the commissioner.

Notes for Table 10-1:
a For general provisions relating to inspection see section 27-132.
b All structural materials and assemblies subject to controlled inspection shall be tested and/or inspected at their place of manufacture and evidence of compliance with the provisions of this subchapter shall be provided as stipulated in articles four through twelve.
c Mill, manufacturer's and supplier's inspection and test reports will be accepted as evidence of compliance with the provisions of this code for all structural materials and assemblies not subject to controlled inspection.
d Basic allowable stress values as referenced herein shall denote allowable stress value without increase for infrequent stress conditions as established in this code or in the applicable reference standard for the material or element in its proposed use.


TABLE 10-2
INSPECTION OF METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION

Materials	Operations on Structural Elements That Shall Be Subject to Controlled Inspectiona, b, d	Operations on Structural Elements That Are Not Subject to Controlled Inspectiona, c, d
Steel	(1) Welding operations and the tensioning of high strength bolts in connections where the calculated stresses in the welds or bolts are fifty per cent or more of basic allowable values.	(1) Welding operations and the tensioning of high strength bolts in connections where the calculated stresses in the welds or bolts are less than fifty per cent of basic allowable values.
	(2) Connection of fittings to wire cables for suspended structures, except where cables together with their attached fittings are proof-loaded to not less than fifty-five per cent of ultimate capacity.	(2) All other fabrication and erection operations not designated for controlled inspection.
Concrete	Except for those operations specifically designated in this table are*** not subject to controlled inspection, for all concrete, the operations described in subdivision (a) of section 27-607 shall be subject to controlled inspection.	(1) All operations relating to the construction of members and assemblies (other than pre-stressed members) which involve the placement of a total of less than fifty cubic yards of concrete and wherein said concrete is used at levels of calculated stress seventy per cent or less of basic allowable values.
		(2) Placing and curing of concrete for all:(a) Short span floor and roof construction as per section 27-610(b) Walls and footings for buildings in occupancy group J-3.
		(3) Size and location of reinforcement for walls and footings for buildings in occupancy group J-3.(4) All other operations not described in subdivision (a) of section 27-607.
Aluminum	Welding operations in connections where the calculated stresses in the welds are fifty per cent or more of the basic allowable values.	(1) Welding operations in connections where the calculated stresses in the welds are less than fifty per cent of basic allowable values.
		(2) All other fabrication and erection operations not designated for controlled inspection.
Wood	Fabrication of glued-laminated assemblies and of plywood components.	All other operations not designated for controlled inspection.
Reinforced Gypsum Concrete	None	All operations incident to the fabrication and placement of structural elements.
**Reinforced Masonry	(1) Fabrication of prefabricated units.	**(1) All masonry work for buildings in occupancy group J-3.
	(2) Placement and bedding of units; sizes of members, including thickness of walls and wythes; sizes of columns; the size and position of reinforcement, in place, and provisions for curing and protection against freezing for all reinforced masonry construction unless such operations are specifically not designated for controlled inspection.	**(2) All mixing of mortar.
		**(3) All other operations not designated for controlled inspection.
**Unreinforced Masonry	Placement and bedding of units and sizes of members including thickness of walls and wythes; sizes of columns; cleanouts; and provisions for curing and protection against freezing for all masonry construction proportioned on the basis of structural analysis as described in section four of reference standard RS 10-1A*, unless such operations are specifically not designated for controlled inspection.	**(1) All masonry work for buildings in occupancy group J-3.
		**(2) All mixing of mortar.
		**(3) All other operations not designated for controlled inspection.

Notes for Table 10-2:
a For general provisions relating to inspection see section 27-132.
b All construction operations designated for controlled inspection shall be inspected by the architect or engineer designated for controlled inspection during the performance of such operation.
c Certification by the fabricator or erector, as applicable, will be accepted as evidence of compliance with the provisions of this code for all construction operations not subject to controlled inspection.
d Basic allowable stress values as referenced herein shall denote allowable stress value without increase for infrequent stress conditions as established in this code or in the applicable reference standard for the material or element in its proposed use.
* "A" not enacted but probably intended
** Local Law 17-1995.
*** "are"enacted "is" probably intended.

Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to prohibit the use of any system of design, alternate to those indicated, provided that it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the commissioner that such system of design will provide a factor of safety against structural failure consistent with the requirements of articles four through twelve of this subchapter, fire safety in consonance with the requirements of subchapters three through eight of this chapter, and such other characteristics pertinent to the safety of life, health, and property as prescribed in this subchapter or as may be required by the commissioner.

Alternate or equivalent materials or methods of construction shall be subject to the provisions of section 27-133 of article seven of subchapter one of this chapter.

Where structural elements are normally detailed on shop or working drawings, the application for the permit shall so state, and issuance of the permit shall be conditioned upon future submission of such shop or working drawings showing the approval of an architect or engineer with regard to such elements, or of a signed statement by an architect or engineer to the effect that such drawings were prepared to his or her satisfaction. In cases where the detailing of structural elements has been made on the basis of fire-resistance ratings, load tables, or similar data as given in manufacturer's catalogues, the application for approval of the plans shall so state and issuance of such acceptance shall be conditional upon submission of a statement by the manufacturer, or of other supporting documentary evidence of accreditation furnished by the manufacturer, attesting to the accuracy of the data and stating that such data were derived in conformance with the provisions of this code. Where the detailing of structural elements has been made on the basis of data published in technical documents of recognized authority issued by, or accredited by, the agency or association promulgating the applicable reference standard cited in this code, such statements will not be required.