3315.1 Ramps and Runways

Ramps and runways (including elevated walkways) shall comply with the requirements of Sections 3315.1.1 through 3315.1.6.

All runways and ramps shall be constructed, braced and supported to resist lateral displacement and all vertical loads, including impact.

Runways and ramps for the use of motor vehicles may consist of an earthfill or may be structurally supported. Such runways and ramps shall have a clear width of not less than 12 feet (3658 mm) with timber curbs at least 8 inches by 8 inches (203 mm by 203 mm) placed parallel to, and secured to, the sides of the runway or ramp. The flooring of structurally supported ramps shall consist of no smaller than 3 inch (76 mm) planking full size, undressed, or equivalent material, with spans designed for the loads to be imposed.

Runways and ramps for the use of workers shall be at least 1 foot 6 inches (457 mm) in clear width. Where used for wheelbarrows, handcarts, or hand-trucks, runways and ramps shall be at least 3 feet (914 mm) in clear width. Flooring shall consist of at least 2-inch (51 mm) planking spanning as permitted by Table 3314.5.2, laid close, butt-joined and securely fastened.

Ramps shall have a slope not steeper than one in four. If the slope is steeper than one in eight, the ramp shall be provided with cleats spaced not more than 14 inches (356 mm) apart and securely fastened to the planking to afford a foothold. Spaces in the cleats may be provided for the passage of the wheels of vehicles. The total rise of a continuous ramp used by workers carrying material or using wheelbarrows, hand-carts, or hand-trucks shall not exceed 12 feet (3658 mm) unless broken by horizontal landings at least 4 feet (1219 mm) in length.

A guardrail meeting the requirements of Section 3308.7.1 through Section 3308.7.7 shall be provided:

1. On all edges of the runway or ramp that are located more than 5 feet (1524 mm) above the ground or floor; and
2. Along any portion of the runway or ramp that abuts motor vehicle traffic.

For the purposes of this section, the term "floor" in Sections 3308.7.1 through 3308.7.7 shall mean "runway or ramp."

Where it is possible for the public to pass under, or next to, runways or ramps, the space between the top rail and the toeboard shall be enclosed with a wire screen composed of not less than No. 18 steel wire gage, or equivalent synthetic netting that is flame retardant in accordance with NFPA 701, with openings in the wire or synthetic mesh no larger than ¹/₂ inch (13 mm).