Standpipe and hose systems, where required by this code, shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 14, Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems, 2007 edition, modified for New York City as follows. Refer to the rules of the department for any subsequent additions, modifications or deletions that may have been made to this standard in accordance with Section 28-103.19 of the Administrative Code.
Chapter 1 General Information No changes.
Chapter 2 Referenced Publications
2.1 Add at end the following: Where a referenced publication has been modified for the City of New York by the New York City Building Code and the New York City Fire Code, every reference to such publication shall be deemed to include all such modifications.
Chapter 3 Definitions
3.3.5 Add at end the following: For the purposes of this section, a penthouse of any area with an occupant load greater than 10 shall be considered a story.
3.3.15.2 Add at end the following: Class II standpipe systems are permitted for high pile and rack storage occupancies only.
Chapter 4 System Components and Hardware
4.2.2 Delete and replace with the following: Pipe for buried portions of the standpipe system, whether inside or outside of the building, shall be red brass, ductile iron, hard tempered type "K" copper tubing, galvanized steel or other approved corrosion resistant material. All such pipe, other than ductile iron, shall be adequately wrapped or otherwise protected against corrosion.
Add Section 4.2.2.1 Where ductile iron pipe is installed in accordance with Table 4.2.1, it shall be lined in accordance with AWWA C 104, Cement-Mortar Lining for Ductile-Iron Pipe and Fittings for Water.
4.2.3 Add at end the following: Piping conforming to the specifications contained in this section may only be used in buildings with floor heights not exceeding 300 feet (91 440 mm) above grade plane or in the highest 300-foot (91 440 mm) portion of other buildings. Otherwise piping conforming to the wall thicknesses specified in section 4.2.4 shall be used.
4.5.1 Add at end the following: 6 inch (152 mm) and larger sectional and riser control valves shall have a minimum 3/4 inch (197 mm) valved bypass.
4.6.2.1 Change "30.5 m (100 ft)" to "38.1 m (125 ft)".
4.6.2.2 Delete.
4.6.3.2 Delete.
4.6.5 Delete and replace with the following: Label. Each rack or storage facility for 40-mm (11/2 -in.) hose shall be provided with a label that shall include operating instructions.
4.7.2 Delete and replace with the following: Hose connections shall have nominal 21/2 inch (64 mm) threads conforming to FDNY standards.
4.8.2 Delete and replace with the following: Each Fire Department connection shall have at least two 3 inch (76 mm) internally threaded swivel fittings having threads conforming to FDNY standards and be of a minimum size of 5 inches (127 mm) except where supplying a single 4 inch (102 mm) standpipe riser, in which case the minimum size shall be 4 inches (102 mm).
4.8.2.1 Add at end the following: Caps shall be painted red, except that the caps for combination standpipe and sprinkler systems shall be painted yellow, and caps for sprinkler systems only shall be painted green.
4.8.2.2 Delete and replace with the following:
Two-way Fire Department connections shall be provided as follows:
(a) One two-way Fire Department connection shall be provided for each 300 feet (91 140 mm) of exterior building wall or fraction thereof facing upon each street or public space.
(b) Where buildings face upon two parallel streets or public spaces without an intersecting street or public space, one two-way Fire Department connection shall be provided for each 300 feet (91 140 mm) of exterior building wall or fraction thereof facing upon each such parallel street or public space.
(c) Where a building faces upon two intersecting streets or public spaces and the total length of the exterior building walls facing upon such streets or public spaces does not exceed 300 feet (91 140 mm) only one two-way Fire Department connection need be installed provided the two-way Fire Department connection is located within 15 feet (4572 mm) of the corner and on the street with the longest building frontage.
(d) Where a building faces on three streets or public spaces, one two-way Fire Department connection shall be provided for each 300 feet (91 140 mm) of building wall or fraction thereof facing upon such streets or public spaces provided that at least one two-way Fire Department connection is installed on each of the parallel streets or public spaces, and further provided that the two-way Fire Department connections shall be located so that the distance between them does not exceed 300 feet (91 140 mm).
(e) Where a building faces upon four streets or public spaces, at least one two-way Fire Department connection shall be provided on each street front or public space; however, only one two-way Fire Department connection need be provided at the corner of two intersecting streets or public spaces if the two-way Fire Department connection is located within 15 feet (4572 mm) of the corner and on the street with the longest building frontage or public space, and if the distances between two-way Fire Department connections, in all cases, do not exceed 300 feet (91 140 mm).
(f) In any case where the exterior building walls of a building facing a street or public space are obstructed in part by another building, one two-way Fire Department connection shall be provided for each clear three hundred feet of exterior building wall or fraction thereof facing upon such street or public space.
(g) Location.
(1) Two-way Fire Department connections shall be placed between 18 inches (457 mm) and 36 inches (914 mm) above the sidewalk level.
(2) Two-way Fire Department connections shall be of the flush or free standing type, and with the exception of the swivels, caps, and plugs, shall not project beyond the street property line. The riser pipe to a free standing two-way Fire Department connection shall be red brass. When two-way Fire Department connections are installed in wall recesses, the recesses shall be of ample size to permit convenient hose attachment.
(h) Check valve. Each two-way Fire Department connection shall be provided with a swing-type check valve inside of the building or in a valve pit outside of the building. In addition, each high zone two-way Fire Department zone shall be provided with a swing-type check valve located at each connection between the high zone two-way Fire Department express riser and the high zone standpipe system and located at the level of such connection.
(i) Drip valve. A 3/4 inch (19mm) automatic ball drip valve shall be placed between the two-way Fire Department connection and the check valve, except that on a fireboat two-way Fire Department connection, a 1/2 inch (13 mm) open drip without a shutoff may be used. Automatic ball drips shall be placed in the horizontal position.
(j) Two-way Fire Department connections shall be provided in maximum two-way Fire Department connection zone heights of 600 feet (15 240 mm), supplying no more than two standpipe zones. A normally closed valved interconnect shall be provided between each two-way Fire Department connection zone.
(1) Express piping to high zone two-way Fire Department connections shall not be installed in stairway enclosures but may be installed in any other protected shaft.
(2) Isolation valves shall be provided in all standpipe risers at 100 foot (30 480 mm) vertical intervals.
4.10 Add at end the following: All interior signage shall have a red background with minimum 1 inch high white letters. All exterior signage shall have a white background with minimum 1 inch (25 mm) high red letters.
Chapter 5 System Requirements
5.1.3 Add at end the following: and Section 905 of the New York City Building Code.
5.1.4 Delete.
5.3.2.2 Delete.
5.3.3.1 Delete.
5.3.3.2 Delete all after the word "required" and add the following: except where specifically required by Section 905 of the New York City Building Code.
5.4.1.1 Delete the words "any type described in Section 5.2" and replace with the words: manual-wet or automatic-wet.
5.4.1.2 Delete the words "automatic or semi-automatic" and replace with the words: automatic-wet.
Chapter 6 Installation requirements
6.1.2.1 Add at end the following: in accordance with the requirements of section 905 of the New York City Building Code.
6.1.2.2 Add at end the following: in accordance with the requirements of section 905 of the New York City Building Code.
6.1.2.3 Add at beginning the following: Protection of standpipe system
6.1.2.3.1 Add at end the following:
All parts of the standpipe systems that may be exposed to frost shall be protected from freezing by any one of the following methods:
(1) The piping shall be frostproofed with insulation having a thermal conductance of 0.1 Btu/hr. per square foot of surface per degree F at a mean temperature of 70 to 75 degrees F (21 °C to 24°C). Insulation shall be protected to prevent water infiltration, and when exposed to the weather the insulation shall be covered with a 45 pound (20 kg) roofing felt jacket or equivalent.
(2) Steam or electric tracers may be used in conjunction with the insulation.
(3) Tanks subject to freezing temperatures shall be protected.
6.3.1.1 Add at end the following: Check valves other than those in two-way Fire Department and fire pump line shall be provided with an O.S.&Y.; or indicating shutoff valve (with indicator readily visible from the floor) that is flanged, mechanically coupled or wafer type and connected to the inlet and outlet of such check valves. The valves on the suction and discharge of the fire pump shall be deemed to comply with this requirement when the discharge valve is placed on the discharge side of the check valve. One of the shutoff valves placed on each side of the tank check valve may be of the remote control type, and when used, shall be on the downstream side of such check valve.
6.3.2 Add at end the following:
(1) Riser control valves, shall where practical, be located within a required stair enclosure serving the entrance floor. Where the stair enclosure extends to the basement or cellar, the riser control valve may be located within the stair enclosure at or in the basement or cellar ceiling, providing that a sign indicating the valve location is installed within the stair enclosure at the entrance floor. The hose outlet valve for the entrance floor shall be located on the riser side of the riser control valve. Sectional control valves shall be provided at maximum 100 foot (30 480 mm) increments in all standpipe risers. Riser control valves or sectional valves shall not be required on a vertical line supplying one or two hose outlet valves.
(2) Where riser control or section valves are located outside of a required stair enclosure, the valves shall be of such type and so installed so as to be remotely operated by either electric motors or hydraulic means. The remote control shall be from either the entrance floor or from a fire pump room. Operating devices shall be grouped, suitably housed, and kept locked with a Fire Department lock and key. The door of the housing shall be embossed to indicate the purpose of the device. Instructions for operating the remote valves by the control device shall be legible, detailed, and complete, and shall be permanently secured to the inner face of the door.
(3) Each valve shall be so designed and installed as to permit its manual operation at the valve location. Pressure ratings and the name of the manufacturer shall be cast raised or depressed on each valve used in the system.
(4) The position of each remotely controlled valve, whether opened or closed, shall be indicated at its remote control point and also at the valve.
(5) Valves shall be readily accessible for inspection, repair, and use. If the valve is placed so that its operating mechanism is more than 7 feet (2133 mm) above a floor or stair landing, a 12 inch (3658 mm) wide wrought iron, steel or equivalent ladder securely fastened shall be provided for access to the valve. In lieu of a ladder, chain operated mechanisms are permissible and shall be padlocked securely in place.
(6) Each control valve shall be conspicuously marked with the number assigned to it on the riser diagram for the standpipe system. Metal numbered tags at least 2 inch (51 mm) in diameter shall be securely attached to the valve. Each valve shall have a metal sign stating "STANDPIPE CONTROL VALVE" securely hung from the valve.
(7) Each control valve not remotely controlled shall be electrically supervised in its normal position. If the normal position is the closed position, a metal placard stating such fact shall be conspicuously attached to the valve.
6.3.4 Add at the end the following: Wafer type control valves may not be used in pump suction piping.
6.3.7.1 Add at end of Item (3) the following: Only permissible when no fire alarm system is present and delete Item (4).
6.3.8.3 Add at the end the following: Such sprinkler system piping supply shall only be permitted where approved by the commissioner.
6.4.2 Add at end the following: In addition, each high zone two-way Fire Department zone shall be provided with a swing-type check valve located at each connection between the high zone two-way Fire Department express riser and the high zone standpipe system and located at the level of such connection.
6.4.5.2 Delete and replace with the following: Marking. Each two-way Fire Department connection shall be provided with caps painted red, and shall have the word "STANDPIPE" in letters 1 inch (25 mm) high and 1/8 inch deep cast in the body or on a nonferrous metal plate secured to the connection or mounted on the wall in a visible location, except that caps of each two-way Fire Department connection used for combination standpipe and sprinkler systems shall be painted yellow and the words shall read "COMBINATION STANDPIPE AND SPRINKLER SYSTEMS". Where two-way Fire Department connections serve other than the entire building, the connections shall be marked in accordance with the specifications of this section "LOW ZONE" or "HIGH ZONE" and indicate the floors served.
6.4.5.2.1 Delete.
6.4.6 Delete "1219 mm (48 in.)" and replace with the following: 914 mm (36 in.).
Chapter 7 Design
7.1.1 Delete.
7.2 Delete and replace with the following: The maximum pressure at any point in the system at any time shall not exceed 24.1 bar (350 psi), except for piping to high zone two-way Fire Department connections, and shall not, in any case, be greater than the pressure rating of the system components in accordance with section 4.2 of this referenced standard. Maximum height per zone is limited to 300 feet (91 140 mm).
7.2.1.1 Change the word "regulating" to "restricting".
7.2.1.2 Delete.
7.3.2 Delete all after the word "connections" and replace with the following: in accordance with the requirements of Section 905 of the New York City Building Code.
7.3.2.1 Delete.
7.3.2.2 Delete and replace with the following: At the top of the highest riser there shall be provided, above the main roof level, a three way manifold equipped with three 21/2 inch (63.5 mm) hose valves with hose valve caps. The lowest valve shall be located with the hose end at least 18 inch (457 mm) above the roof and the highest valve with the hose end not more than 60 inch (1524 mm) above the roof. The manifold may be set in a horizontal or vertical position, provided the hose outlets are set back between 18 inch (457 mm) and 60 inch (1524 mm) above the roof level. Where the manifold is located other than within a heated stair enclosure, the control valve shall be located in a horizontal run of piping below the roof, with a long stem extending through the roof and equipped with a wheel handle at its upper end at least 12 inch (304.8 mm) above the roof. Between the control valve and the manifold there shall be provided within the heated space a 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) open drip or a 3/4 inch (19 mm) automatic ball drip, with the drip pipe extended to spill over a plumbing fixture or drain.
7.3.2.3 Delete.
7.3.4.1 Delete all after the word "required".
7.3.4.1.1 Delete.
7.4 Add at end the following: and shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of Section 905 of the New York City Building Code.
7.5 Delete all and replace with the following:
Interconnection of Standpipes
(1) Standpipe systems that include more than one riser shall have all risers cross-connected at, or below, the street entrance floor level, except as otherwise provided in this section.
(2) Standpipe systems in buildings required by the provisions of Section 905 of this code to have one or more zones shall be so designed and installed that the risers supplied from each zone will be cross-connected below, or in, the story of the lowest hose outlets from the water source in each zone. Horizontal intermediate check valves shall be installed in the run of each riser continuing into a higher zone in such manner as to permit all upper zones of the system within each two-way Fire Department connection zone provided in accordance with section 4.8.2.2 to be fed through one riser from the zone below and to prevent any lower zone of the system from being supplied from a zone above, except as otherwise required by this referenced standard. Two-way Fire Department connection zones shall be interconnected as in accordance with Section 4.8.2.2(j).
(3) Risers supplied by an upper level cross connection shall be provided with manual control valves or remote control valves, so arranged that risers supplied by the upper level cross connections may independently be shut off from the tank supplies.
(4) Cross connections shall be at least as large as the largest riser supplied by the cross connection. However, when supplying two, but not more than four 4 inch (102 mm) risers, the cross connection shall not be less than 5 inches (123 mm). The cross connection shall not be less than 6 inches (152 mm) for all other riser combinations.
(5) Where there is no cellar, cross connections may be hung from the ceiling of the lowest story.
(6) Each two-way Fire Department connection shall be connected to a riser or to a cross connection connecting other two-way Fire Department hose connections or risers within each two-way Fire Department zone provided in accordance with section 4.8.2.2. The pipe from the two-way Fire Department connection to the riser or cross connection shall be five inch (123 mm) I.P.S., except that a 4 inch (102 mm) pipe shall be sufficient when such pipe supplies a single four inch (102 mm) riser system. The pipe from the two-way Fire Department connection shall be run as directly as practicable to the riser or cross connection.
(7) When tanks are used for the primary water supply, the standpipe systems may use separate riser systems serving, respectively, low and high parts of the building. Separate gravity tanks or pressure tanks may supply each zone, but in every case the standpipe system shall be so designed that every hose outlet of the entire system can be supplied through the required cross connections from every two-way Fire Department connection within each two-way Fire Department connection zone provided in accordance with section 4.8.2.2.
7.5.1 Delete.
7.5.2 Delete.
7.6.1 Delete and replace with the following: Class I and Class III standpipes in buildings with floor heights less than 150 feet (45 720 mm) above grade plane shall be at least 4 inches (100 mm) in size. Standpipes in buildings with floor heights greater than 150 (45 720 mm) feet above grade plane shall be no less than 6 inches (150 mm) in diameter.
7.6.3 Delete and replace with the following: In fully sprinklered buildings having a combined standpipe system that is hydraulically calculated, the minimum standpipe size in buildings with floor heights less than 150 feet (45 720 mm) above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access shall be 4 inches (102 mm).
7.7.2 Delete the words, "or semiautomatic".
7.7.4 Delete.
7.8.1 Delete "100 psi (6.9 bar) and replace with "65 psi (4.5 bar).
7.8.2 Delete.
7.8.2.1 Delete.
Table 7.8.2.1 Delete.
7.8.2.2 Delete.
7.8.3.1 Change the word "regulating" to "restricting".
7.8.3.2 Change the word "regulating" to "restricting".
7.8.3.3 Change the word "regulating" to "restricting".
7.9.1 Add after the word "pumps" the words "or tanks". Add after the word "pump" the words "or tank".
7.9.1.1 Delete and replace with the following: The maximum standpipe system zone height for any building is 91 440 mm (300 feet). In the lowest zone in a building, such height shall be measured from grade plane. Floors below grade plane may be included in the lowest zone, provided that the maximum two-way Fire Department connection zone height for the two-way Fire Department connection zone that includes the lowest zone, in accordance with Section 4.8.2.2(j), is not exceeded.
7.9.3 Delete.
7.9.3.1 Delete.
7.9.3.2 Delete.
7.9.4.1 Delete and replace with the following: In buildings with occupied floors less than 91.4 m (300 feet) in height above the lowest level of Fire Department vehicle access, water supplies may be provided by a public waterworks system in accordance with 9.1.5(1), by automatic fire pumps in accordance with 9.1.5(2), or by gravity tanks in accordance with section 9.1.5(4).
Add Section 7.9.4.2 All zones servicing occupied floors located higher than 91.4 m (300 feet) above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access shall be equipped with a primary and auxiliary water supply provided by gravity tanks supplemented by pumps where necessary in accordance with section 9.1.5.
Add Section 7.9.4.2.1 All zones servicing occupied floors located higher than 91.4 m (300 feet) above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access but not more than 152.4 m (500 feet) above grade plane, shall be equipped with a special service fire pump, in accordance with section 9.1.5(4)(l), to boost supply to pressures as required by section 7.8.1 and 7.8.3.1. A Pressure Reducing Valve (PRV) bypass shall be provided, where necessary, and arranged to provide water supply from the upper zone to the lower zone at the required pressures. Where a PRV is not necessary to provide required pressures, a normally open bypass shall be provided.
Add Section 7.9.4.3 Where portions of a standpipe system service floors located 152.4 m (500 feet) or more above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access, all portions of the system shall be provided with a primary and auxiliary means of water supply in accordance with section 9.1.5 and the following:
(1) Primary water supplies shall serve one zone only as the primary supply. However, the primary water supply for one zone may be used as the auxiliary supply for no more than one other zone.
(2) Intermediate tanks, which serve as the suction source for the pumps providing primary water supply for zones located higher than 91.4 m (300 feet) above grade plane, shall be located so as to provide the auxiliary water supply for the next lowest zone at the required pressures by gravity only, and such pressures shall not exceed the minimum pressures required in such next lowest zone by more than 15 percent.
(3) The auxiliary water supply for the topmost section of the system zone shall be provided by a gravity tank in accordance with section 9.1.5(4) and shall be equipped with a special service fire pump, in accordance with 9.1.5(4)(l), to boost supply to pressures as required by sections 7.8.1 and 7.8.3.1.
(4) Zone heights shall be selected such that the topmost zone has a minimum height of 45.7 m (150 feet) so as to provide an auxiliary water supply from the intermediate or roof tank(s) to the next lowest zone at pressures as required by section 7.8.1 and 7.8.3.1 by gravity only, and such pressures shall not exceed the minimum pressures required in such next lowest zone by more than 15 percent.
7.11.1 Delete the words "76 mm (3-in.)". Add after the word "riser" the following: of adequate size. Add after the word "standpipe" the following: or attached sprinkler system.
7.11.1.1 Delete and replace with the following: The riser shall be equipped with a plug and be located on every floor.
7.11.1.4 Delete.
7.12.1.1 Delete.
7.12.2 Add at end the following: and be located in accordance with Section 4.8.2.2 of this referenced standard.
7.12.2.1 Delete.
7.12.3 Delete.
Chapter 8 Plans and Calculations No changes.
Chapter 9 Water Supplies
9.1.1 Delete the words "and semi-automatic".
9.1.2 Add at the end the following: Where manual combination standpipe systems are provided in accordance with the provisions of section 5.4.1.1 of this referenced standard an automatic water supply sufficient to provide the required sprinkler system demand shall be provided. Where such supply is provided by an automatic fire pump, the minimum pump capacity shall be as required by the sprinkler system demand in accordance with Section 903 of the New York City Building Code and NFPA 13. Where such water supply is provided by pressure or gravity tanks the minimum water supply shall also be as required in accordance with the above.
9.1.3 Delete the words "or semi-automatic".
9.1.4 Delete the words "a secondary" and replace with "an auxiliary".
9.1.5 Delete and replace with the following:
Water supplies from the following sources shall be permitted:
(1) A public waterworks system where pressure and flow rate are adequate as confirmed by a statement by the Bureau of Water Supply of the Department of Environmental Protection.
(a) Each service directly supplying a standpipe system or a fire pump shall be equipped with a control valve located under the sidewalk in a flush sidewalk box located within two feet (610 mm) of the street line, or in such other locations as may be approved by the Department of Environmental Protection. The purpose of each such control valve shall be clearly indicated by the words. "Standpipe Supply Control," cast in the cover of such flush sidewalk, box or, in lieu thereof, a metal sign with 1 inch lettering shall be located on the exterior building wall indicating the use and location of the valve.
(2) Automatic fire pumps connected to an approved water source in accordance with NFPA 20, Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection and the following:
(a) Any required automatic fire pump shall draw from two independent street water mains in different streets, except that: (1) any automatic fire pump serving a building classified in occupancy group R-2 that is fully protected by a system of automatic sprinklers may draw from a single water main; and (2) an automatic fire pump may draw from a single water main if augmented by a suction tank or tanks, and if the valves at the meter and pump are provided with tamper switches that are wired to an approved supervising station of an operating fire alarm company. Where two services are installed, one service from the street water main shall be run directly to the pump, and the other service may be used for domestic water supply. The connection from water to the mains to the pumps shall be at least six inch (152 mm) pipe size and shall be flushed before connection is made to the system. Connections shall be in accordance with the provisions of the New York City Plumbing Code and applicable referenced standards.
(b) In the event that two separate and distinct water mains are not available as a supply or the street mains cannot produce the required supply, there shall be provided a suction tank, or tanks suitably located and of sufficient capacity to furnish the fire pump with at least a one-half hour supply at the rated capacity of such pump. Suction tanks shall be filled by a six inch (152 mm) connection to the water main, controlled by an automatic ball float valve in the suction tank. A six inch (152 mm) bypass shall be provided so that pumps may be fed directly from the street water main.
(c) When a water service supplies both the domestic service and the fire pump, a remote control valve shall be placed on the domestic service connection at the point where such connection is taken from the city supply or service main. Such remote control valve shall be controlled from a point near the pump control panel. In lieu of a remote control valve, a manually operated valve may be installed to shut off the entire domestic water supply to the building, provided such valve is located in the fire pump room and is properly tagged for identification.
(d) Power supply for standpipe fire pumps. The type of fire pump and prime mover used in a standpipe system shall be suitable for the required service in a standpipe system provided for Fire Department use. If the prime mover employs any form of power other than an electric current supplied by a public utility, the use thereof shall be subject to the approval of the commissioner. Electrical power to the motor shall be taken from the street side of the house service switch. Where an emergency secondary power source is required, fire pumps shall be supplied from such source and power supply shall be automatic switching.
(e) When the fire pump feeder conductors are routed through the building(s), they shall be enclosed by 2 inches (51 mm) of concrete or an approved assembly which has a minimum of 2-hour fire resistive rating.
(f) Fire pumps shall be placed on concrete pads at least 12 inches (305 mm) above the pump room floor with a clearance of at least 3 feet (914 mm) maintained on all sides from walls or from other equipment in the pump room. In the event of the use of a vertical shaft centrifugal fire pump, the 12 inch (305 mm) high concrete pad may be omitted, provided the bottom of the electric driving motor and all electrical appurtenances are raised at least 12 inches (305 mm) above the pump room floor. Fire pumps shall be located in a 2-hour fire-rated enclosure.
(g) Each automatic fire pump shall be equipped with a 3 inch (76 mm) National Pipe Thread pressure relief valve installed in the pump discharge. Such relief valve shall be set to relieve below the shutoff head of the pump, but above the pressure required to maintain the operating pressure at the highest hose valve. The discharge from the relief valve may be piped back into the suction side of the pump on the pump side of the suction valve provided a visual sight glass is installed in the discharge of the relief valve. Automatic fire pumps may be provided with a time delay switch to ensure a minimum running time for the pump.
(h) The check valves in the pump discharge line shall be either swing type or spring loaded.
(i) Where a group of two or more buildings, whether connected or separated, are operated under a single ownership, one fire pump may be accepted as the water supply for the group. The pump shall be installed in the building where the maintenance personnel are located, and a metal sign with 1 inch (25 mm) lettering shall be installed in each building at all of the hose outlets on the entrance floor indicating the location of the fire pump.
(3) Pressure tanks installed in accordance with NFPA 22, Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection and the following:
(a) The water storage quantities required for the tanks are met with an additional volume equivalent to one-half of the required water storage space provided for the required air.
(b) An air compressor is provided with suitable automatic control and of sufficient capacity to build up air pressure of at least 75 psig (517 kPa) in the tank within three hours and to maintain thereafter an air pressure between 70 and 80 psig (482 to 552 kPa) The automatic control shall also maintain the proper air-to-water ratio in the pressure tank.
(c) Pressure tanks shall be supplied with water through a fixed pipe, independent of the standpipe riser and at least two inches (51 mm) in size. The water supply and connection shall be capable of supplying the tank at a rate of at least 75 gpm (5 L/s) without reducing the pressure in the tank. The tank shall have a fixed water level plate on the end opposite the gauge glass, or other equivalent indicating device.
(d) All pressure tanks used to provide the required primary water supply of a standpipe system shall be equipped with a high and low air pressure and a high and low water level electrical alarm system. Air-to-water ratio shall be 1 to 2 by volume and may be maintained by automatic electrical controls.
(4) Gravity tanks installed in accordance with NFPA 22, Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection and the following:
(a) Construction and support of tanks. Tanks for the standpipe system supply shall be constructed and supported in accordance with the provisions of Referenced Standard NFPA 22 and applicable provisions of the New York City Building Code for loads and structural work. Tanks with a total capacity of 15,000 gallons (56 775 L) or greater shall be multi-compartment type such that no compartment is larger than one half of the required standpipe water supply reserve plus the domestic water reserve in combination tanks. In the alternative, multiple tanks may be provided, provided that the above criteria are met.
(b) Combination tanks. Gravity tanks may be used to provide the required primary water supply to the standpipe system and may also be used to supply automatic sprinkler and/or domestic water in a building provided all the following conditions are met:
(1) The connections to the tank are made in such a manner as to provide the required sprinkler and/or fire standpipe reserve. The domestic supply is above the sprinkler and/or standpipe reserve. Where a standpipe riser is used to supply water to a combination sprinkler and standpipe system as permitted, the connection to the tank shall be made in such a manner as to provide the required sprinkler or standpipe reserve, whichever is greater.
(2) The connections to the system are made outside of the tank. When connections or piping are installed inside the tank, the piping shall be assembled without couplings and shall be of red brass or approved equivalent material in accordance with the New York City Plumbing Code and applicable referenced standards.
(3) The tank is filled by means of an automatic pump at a rate of not less than 65 gpm (4 L/s).
(c) Filling of tanks.
(1) Pressure or gravity tanks shall be filled at the rate of at least 65 gpm (4 L/s). Pipes used to fill the tanks shall not be used for any other purpose; nor shall required fire pumps be used for filling purposes.
(2) Where there is sufficient pressure in the city water main to fill tanks at the required rate during all hours of each day, and a filling pump is not provided, the connection to the city water supply shall be made near the point where the city water service enters the building.
(3) A combined fire standpipe reserve and domestic water tank shall only be filled by direct public water connection or separate fill pumps, or direct connection to equipment, or pumps used to supply domestic water systems in accordance with the New York City Plumbing Code and applicable referenced standards.
(d) Emergency drains on standpipe tanks. Each standpipe tank shall be provided with a drain of at least 4 inches (102 mm). National Pipe Thread. Each drain pipe shall be controlled by a manually operated gate valve located so as to be readily accessible. The drain shall be installed in accordance with the New York City Plumbing Code and applicable referenced standards.
(e) Heating of standpipe tanks.
(1) Where the water in the tank is subject to freezing, the tank shall be equipped with a tank heater in accordance with the provisions of NFPA 22.
(2) Where the standpipe supply and domestic water supply are combined in a single tank, heating of such tank shall not be required in hotels, multiple dwellings, hospitals, or other occupancies where the domestic supply is drawn upon during all hours of every day of the week.
(f) Strainer.
(1) Every standpipe gravity or suction tank shall be provided with a brass or bronze strainer at the discharge to risers or to pump supply lines.
(2) Each strainer shall have clear openings with an aggregate area equal to, or more than, the required area of the pipe into which the tank discharges. Openings shall be not more than 1 inch (25 mm) nor less than 1/2 inch (13 mm) in diameter.
(g) Overflow pipe for standpipe tanks. Each gravity standpipe tank shall be provided with an overflow in accordance with the New York City Plumbing Code and applicable referenced standards.
(h) Access to standpipe tanks. Access to the top of each gravity tank shall be by means of a steel, wrought iron or approved equivalent material gooseneck ladder, constructed of flat side bars at least 2 inches by 3/8 inch (51 mm by 10 mm), or equivalent, spaced at least 14 inches (7620 mm) apart, with round or square rungs at least 5/8 inch (16 mm) thick spaced not more than 12 inches (305 mm) on centers. The ladder shall be rigidly braced and shall not tip outward from the vertical at any point. When ladders exceed 25 feet (610 mm) in height, body irons spaced not more than 2 feet (610 mm) on center and a metal platform at least 14 inches (355 mm) square, rigidly secured to the stringers of the ladder or other type of enclosed safe access, shall be provided near the top of the tank.
(i) Gravity tanks shall be equipped with a high and low water level electrical alarm system.
(j) Where a group of two or more buildings, connected or separated, is operated under a single control, a single gravity tank may be accepted as the primary water supply for the several standpipe systems of such group, provided a dead riser is carried from the bottom of the tank to an underground header or cross connection system and provided each building unit has a post indicator type control valve outside or an O.S.&Y.; control valve inside the building at a readily accessible location. The underground cross connection may not cross any public street without the approval of the city departments having jurisdiction.
(k) The bottom of the topmost zone gravity tanks shall be located above the highest hose outlet in the zone that such tank supplies, excepting the roof manifold and those hose outlets in a penthouse enclosing mechanical equipment. Pressures may be boosted by use of automatic special service or other fire pump(s) to provide the hose outlet pressures required by section 7.8.1 of this referenced standard. Tanks in intermediate zones may be sufficiently elevated to provide the pressures required by Section 7.8.1 provided that they are also installed in accordance with Sections 7.9.4.2 and 7.9.4.3.
(l) The special service pump, as required by this standard, may be located anywhere in the zone served, provided that an express piped suction supply is installed from the gravity tank(s) that supply such pump, and such pump is located at a lower elevation than the gravity tank. Special service pumps are to be installed in accordance with the requirements of Sections 9.1.5(2) - (d), (e), (f) and (h).
9.2 Add at end the following: except where manual standpipe systems are permitted in accordance with Section 5.4.1.2, water supplies shall be provided in accordance with Section 9.1.3 of this referenced standard.
Add Section 9.4 Minimum Supply for Group R-2 Occupancies. The water supply servicing standpipe systems in Group R-2 occupancies shall be 500 gpm (32 L/s) per zone with a stored water supply in any gravity tank or intermediate tank of 15,000 gallons. Water supplies shall be permitted to comply with requirements of Section 7.9.4 for primary and auxiliary water supplies.
Chapter 10 Water Supply Testing No changes.
Chapter 11 System Acceptance
11.4.1* Delete the words "200 psi (13.8 bar)" and replace with "300 psi (20.7 bar)". Delete the words "2 hours" and replace with "1 hour". Delete the words "150 psi (10.3 bar)" and replace with "250 psi (17.3)".
11.5.4 Delete.
11.5.4.1 Delete.
11.5.4.2 Delete.
Chapter 12 Buildings Under Construction
12.1 Delete the words "Where required by the authority having jurisdiction". Add at the end of the last sentence: "or demolition. Provision shall be made for the use of such standpipe by the Fire Department when the height of building construction or demolition exceeds 75 feet."
12.2 Delete and replace with the following: The standpipe shall be provided with a readily accessible two-way Fire Department connection at street level. The location of the two-way Fire Department hose connection shall be placarded, kept free from obstruction, and identified by a red light.
12.3 Add the following:
Temporary risers shall be at least 4 inches in (102 mm) diameter for structures less than 450 feet high (137 160 mm) and at least 6 inches (152 mm) in diameter for structures 450 feet (137 160 mm) high or more. There shall be as many risers as will be, or were, required for the permanent system. Each such riser shall be connected to a cross connection that is supplied through two-way Fire Department hose connections at the street level, and shall be equipped on each floor with a 21/2 inch (64 mm) hose outlet valve. The installations shall be made so that each riser, cross connection, and branch line can be plugged or capped when work is not being done on the system.
12.8.2 Delete the words "is permitted by the authority having jurisdiction".
ANNEXES
The annexes are not a part of the requirements of this Referenced Standard but are included for informational purposes only. This annex contains explanatory material, numbered to correspond with the applicable text paragraphs. In the event of any conflict between the Annexes and the body of the Referenced Standard, particularly where modifications have been made for New York City, the body of the Referenced Standard will govern.
Annex A - Explanatory Material
Delete Figures A.7.1(b) and A7.1(c).
A.7.3.2 Delete.
A.7.3.2.3 Delete.
Delete Figures A.7.3.2(a), (b) and (c).
Annex B Informational References No changes.
Chapter 1 General Information No changes.
Chapter 2 Referenced Publications
2.1 Add at end the following: Where a referenced publication has been modified for the City of New York by the New York City Building Code and the New York City Fire Code, every reference to such publication shall be deemed to include all such modifications.
Chapter 3 Definitions
3.3.5 Add at end the following: For the purposes of this section, a penthouse of any area with an occupant load greater than 10 shall be considered a story.
3.3.15.2 Add at end the following: Class II standpipe systems are permitted for high pile and rack storage occupancies only.
Chapter 4 System Components and Hardware
4.2.2 Delete and replace with the following: Pipe for buried portions of the standpipe system, whether inside or outside of the building, shall be red brass, ductile iron, hard tempered type "K" copper tubing, galvanized steel or other approved corrosion resistant material. All such pipe, other than ductile iron, shall be adequately wrapped or otherwise protected against corrosion.
Add Section 4.2.2.1 Where ductile iron pipe is installed in accordance with Table 4.2.1, it shall be lined in accordance with AWWA C 104, Cement-Mortar Lining for Ductile-Iron Pipe and Fittings for Water.
4.2.3 Add at end the following: Piping conforming to the specifications contained in this section may only be used in buildings with floor heights not exceeding 300 feet (91 440 mm) above grade plane or in the highest 300-foot (91 440 mm) portion of other buildings. Otherwise piping conforming to the wall thicknesses specified in section 4.2.4 shall be used.
4.5.1 Add at end the following: 6 inch (152 mm) and larger sectional and riser control valves shall have a minimum 3/4 inch (197 mm) valved bypass.
4.6.2.1 Change "30.5 m (100 ft)" to "38.1 m (125 ft)".
4.6.2.2 Delete.
4.6.3.2 Delete.
4.6.5 Delete and replace with the following: Label. Each rack or storage facility for 40-mm (11/2 -in.) hose shall be provided with a label that shall include operating instructions.
4.7.2 Delete and replace with the following: Hose connections shall have nominal 21/2 inch (64 mm) threads conforming to FDNY standards.
4.8.2 Delete and replace with the following: Each Fire Department connection shall have at least two 3 inch (76 mm) internally threaded swivel fittings having threads conforming to FDNY standards and be of a minimum size of 5 inches (127 mm) except where supplying a single 4 inch (102 mm) standpipe riser, in which case the minimum size shall be 4 inches (102 mm).
4.8.2.1 Add at end the following: Caps shall be painted red, except that the caps for combination standpipe and sprinkler systems shall be painted yellow, and caps for sprinkler systems only shall be painted green.
4.8.2.2 Delete and replace with the following:
Two-way Fire Department connections shall be provided as follows:
(a) One two-way Fire Department connection shall be provided for each 300 feet (91 140 mm) of exterior building wall or fraction thereof facing upon each street or public space.
(b) Where buildings face upon two parallel streets or public spaces without an intersecting street or public space, one two-way Fire Department connection shall be provided for each 300 feet (91 140 mm) of exterior building wall or fraction thereof facing upon each such parallel street or public space.
(c) Where a building faces upon two intersecting streets or public spaces and the total length of the exterior building walls facing upon such streets or public spaces does not exceed 300 feet (91 140 mm) only one two-way Fire Department connection need be installed provided the two-way Fire Department connection is located within 15 feet (4572 mm) of the corner and on the street with the longest building frontage.
(d) Where a building faces on three streets or public spaces, one two-way Fire Department connection shall be provided for each 300 feet (91 140 mm) of building wall or fraction thereof facing upon such streets or public spaces provided that at least one two-way Fire Department connection is installed on each of the parallel streets or public spaces, and further provided that the two-way Fire Department connections shall be located so that the distance between them does not exceed 300 feet (91 140 mm).
(e) Where a building faces upon four streets or public spaces, at least one two-way Fire Department connection shall be provided on each street front or public space; however, only one two-way Fire Department connection need be provided at the corner of two intersecting streets or public spaces if the two-way Fire Department connection is located within 15 feet (4572 mm) of the corner and on the street with the longest building frontage or public space, and if the distances between two-way Fire Department connections, in all cases, do not exceed 300 feet (91 140 mm).
(f) In any case where the exterior building walls of a building facing a street or public space are obstructed in part by another building, one two-way Fire Department connection shall be provided for each clear three hundred feet of exterior building wall or fraction thereof facing upon such street or public space.
(g) Location.
(1) Two-way Fire Department connections shall be placed between 18 inches (457 mm) and 36 inches (914 mm) above the sidewalk level.
(2) Two-way Fire Department connections shall be of the flush or free standing type, and with the exception of the swivels, caps, and plugs, shall not project beyond the street property line. The riser pipe to a free standing two-way Fire Department connection shall be red brass. When two-way Fire Department connections are installed in wall recesses, the recesses shall be of ample size to permit convenient hose attachment.
(h) Check valve. Each two-way Fire Department connection shall be provided with a swing-type check valve inside of the building or in a valve pit outside of the building. In addition, each high zone two-way Fire Department zone shall be provided with a swing-type check valve located at each connection between the high zone two-way Fire Department express riser and the high zone standpipe system and located at the level of such connection.
(i) Drip valve. A 3/4 inch (19mm) automatic ball drip valve shall be placed between the two-way Fire Department connection and the check valve, except that on a fireboat two-way Fire Department connection, a 1/2 inch (13 mm) open drip without a shutoff may be used. Automatic ball drips shall be placed in the horizontal position.
(j) Two-way Fire Department connections shall be provided in maximum two-way Fire Department connection zone heights of 600 feet (15 240 mm), supplying no more than two standpipe zones. A normally closed valved interconnect shall be provided between each two-way Fire Department connection zone.
(1) Express piping to high zone two-way Fire Department connections shall not be installed in stairway enclosures but may be installed in any other protected shaft.
(2) Isolation valves shall be provided in all standpipe risers at 100 foot (30 480 mm) vertical intervals.
4.10 Add at end the following: All interior signage shall have a red background with minimum 1 inch high white letters. All exterior signage shall have a white background with minimum 1 inch (25 mm) high red letters.
Chapter 5 System Requirements
5.1.3 Add at end the following: and Section 905 of the New York City Building Code.
5.1.4 Delete.
5.3.2.2 Delete.
5.3.3.1 Delete.
5.3.3.2 Delete all after the word "required" and add the following: except where specifically required by Section 905 of the New York City Building Code.
5.4.1.1 Delete the words "any type described in Section 5.2" and replace with the words: manual-wet or automatic-wet.
5.4.1.2 Delete the words "automatic or semi-automatic" and replace with the words: automatic-wet.
Chapter 6 Installation requirements
6.1.2.1 Add at end the following: in accordance with the requirements of section 905 of the New York City Building Code.
6.1.2.2 Add at end the following: in accordance with the requirements of section 905 of the New York City Building Code.
6.1.2.3 Add at beginning the following: Protection of standpipe system
6.1.2.3.1 Add at end the following:
All parts of the standpipe systems that may be exposed to frost shall be protected from freezing by any one of the following methods:
(1) The piping shall be frostproofed with insulation having a thermal conductance of 0.1 Btu/hr. per square foot of surface per degree F at a mean temperature of 70 to 75 degrees F (21 °C to 24°C). Insulation shall be protected to prevent water infiltration, and when exposed to the weather the insulation shall be covered with a 45 pound (20 kg) roofing felt jacket or equivalent.
(2) Steam or electric tracers may be used in conjunction with the insulation.
(3) Tanks subject to freezing temperatures shall be protected.
6.3.1.1 Add at end the following: Check valves other than those in two-way Fire Department and fire pump line shall be provided with an O.S.&Y.; or indicating shutoff valve (with indicator readily visible from the floor) that is flanged, mechanically coupled or wafer type and connected to the inlet and outlet of such check valves. The valves on the suction and discharge of the fire pump shall be deemed to comply with this requirement when the discharge valve is placed on the discharge side of the check valve. One of the shutoff valves placed on each side of the tank check valve may be of the remote control type, and when used, shall be on the downstream side of such check valve.
6.3.2 Add at end the following:
(1) Riser control valves, shall where practical, be located within a required stair enclosure serving the entrance floor. Where the stair enclosure extends to the basement or cellar, the riser control valve may be located within the stair enclosure at or in the basement or cellar ceiling, providing that a sign indicating the valve location is installed within the stair enclosure at the entrance floor. The hose outlet valve for the entrance floor shall be located on the riser side of the riser control valve. Sectional control valves shall be provided at maximum 100 foot (30 480 mm) increments in all standpipe risers. Riser control valves or sectional valves shall not be required on a vertical line supplying one or two hose outlet valves.
(2) Where riser control or section valves are located outside of a required stair enclosure, the valves shall be of such type and so installed so as to be remotely operated by either electric motors or hydraulic means. The remote control shall be from either the entrance floor or from a fire pump room. Operating devices shall be grouped, suitably housed, and kept locked with a Fire Department lock and key. The door of the housing shall be embossed to indicate the purpose of the device. Instructions for operating the remote valves by the control device shall be legible, detailed, and complete, and shall be permanently secured to the inner face of the door.
(3) Each valve shall be so designed and installed as to permit its manual operation at the valve location. Pressure ratings and the name of the manufacturer shall be cast raised or depressed on each valve used in the system.
(4) The position of each remotely controlled valve, whether opened or closed, shall be indicated at its remote control point and also at the valve.
(5) Valves shall be readily accessible for inspection, repair, and use. If the valve is placed so that its operating mechanism is more than 7 feet (2133 mm) above a floor or stair landing, a 12 inch (3658 mm) wide wrought iron, steel or equivalent ladder securely fastened shall be provided for access to the valve. In lieu of a ladder, chain operated mechanisms are permissible and shall be padlocked securely in place.
(6) Each control valve shall be conspicuously marked with the number assigned to it on the riser diagram for the standpipe system. Metal numbered tags at least 2 inch (51 mm) in diameter shall be securely attached to the valve. Each valve shall have a metal sign stating "STANDPIPE CONTROL VALVE" securely hung from the valve.
(7) Each control valve not remotely controlled shall be electrically supervised in its normal position. If the normal position is the closed position, a metal placard stating such fact shall be conspicuously attached to the valve.
6.3.4 Add at the end the following: Wafer type control valves may not be used in pump suction piping.
6.3.7.1 Add at end of Item (3) the following: Only permissible when no fire alarm system is present and delete Item (4).
6.3.8.3 Add at the end the following: Such sprinkler system piping supply shall only be permitted where approved by the commissioner.
6.4.2 Add at end the following: In addition, each high zone two-way Fire Department zone shall be provided with a swing-type check valve located at each connection between the high zone two-way Fire Department express riser and the high zone standpipe system and located at the level of such connection.
6.4.5.2 Delete and replace with the following: Marking. Each two-way Fire Department connection shall be provided with caps painted red, and shall have the word "STANDPIPE" in letters 1 inch (25 mm) high and 1/8 inch deep cast in the body or on a nonferrous metal plate secured to the connection or mounted on the wall in a visible location, except that caps of each two-way Fire Department connection used for combination standpipe and sprinkler systems shall be painted yellow and the words shall read "COMBINATION STANDPIPE AND SPRINKLER SYSTEMS". Where two-way Fire Department connections serve other than the entire building, the connections shall be marked in accordance with the specifications of this section "LOW ZONE" or "HIGH ZONE" and indicate the floors served.
6.4.5.2.1 Delete.
6.4.6 Delete "1219 mm (48 in.)" and replace with the following: 914 mm (36 in.).
Chapter 7 Design
7.1.1 Delete.
7.2 Delete and replace with the following: The maximum pressure at any point in the system at any time shall not exceed 24.1 bar (350 psi), except for piping to high zone two-way Fire Department connections, and shall not, in any case, be greater than the pressure rating of the system components in accordance with section 4.2 of this referenced standard. Maximum height per zone is limited to 300 feet (91 140 mm).
7.2.1.1 Change the word "regulating" to "restricting".
7.2.1.2 Delete.
7.3.2 Delete all after the word "connections" and replace with the following: in accordance with the requirements of Section 905 of the New York City Building Code.
7.3.2.1 Delete.
7.3.2.2 Delete and replace with the following: At the top of the highest riser there shall be provided, above the main roof level, a three way manifold equipped with three 21/2 inch (63.5 mm) hose valves with hose valve caps. The lowest valve shall be located with the hose end at least 18 inch (457 mm) above the roof and the highest valve with the hose end not more than 60 inch (1524 mm) above the roof. The manifold may be set in a horizontal or vertical position, provided the hose outlets are set back between 18 inch (457 mm) and 60 inch (1524 mm) above the roof level. Where the manifold is located other than within a heated stair enclosure, the control valve shall be located in a horizontal run of piping below the roof, with a long stem extending through the roof and equipped with a wheel handle at its upper end at least 12 inch (304.8 mm) above the roof. Between the control valve and the manifold there shall be provided within the heated space a 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) open drip or a 3/4 inch (19 mm) automatic ball drip, with the drip pipe extended to spill over a plumbing fixture or drain.
7.3.2.3 Delete.
7.3.4.1 Delete all after the word "required".
7.3.4.1.1 Delete.
7.4 Add at end the following: and shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of Section 905 of the New York City Building Code.
7.5 Delete all and replace with the following:
Interconnection of Standpipes
(1) Standpipe systems that include more than one riser shall have all risers cross-connected at, or below, the street entrance floor level, except as otherwise provided in this section.
(2) Standpipe systems in buildings required by the provisions of Section 905 of this code to have one or more zones shall be so designed and installed that the risers supplied from each zone will be cross-connected below, or in, the story of the lowest hose outlets from the water source in each zone. Horizontal intermediate check valves shall be installed in the run of each riser continuing into a higher zone in such manner as to permit all upper zones of the system within each two-way Fire Department connection zone provided in accordance with section 4.8.2.2 to be fed through one riser from the zone below and to prevent any lower zone of the system from being supplied from a zone above, except as otherwise required by this referenced standard. Two-way Fire Department connection zones shall be interconnected as in accordance with Section 4.8.2.2(j).
(3) Risers supplied by an upper level cross connection shall be provided with manual control valves or remote control valves, so arranged that risers supplied by the upper level cross connections may independently be shut off from the tank supplies.
(4) Cross connections shall be at least as large as the largest riser supplied by the cross connection. However, when supplying two, but not more than four 4 inch (102 mm) risers, the cross connection shall not be less than 5 inches (123 mm). The cross connection shall not be less than 6 inches (152 mm) for all other riser combinations.
(5) Where there is no cellar, cross connections may be hung from the ceiling of the lowest story.
(6) Each two-way Fire Department connection shall be connected to a riser or to a cross connection connecting other two-way Fire Department hose connections or risers within each two-way Fire Department zone provided in accordance with section 4.8.2.2. The pipe from the two-way Fire Department connection to the riser or cross connection shall be five inch (123 mm) I.P.S., except that a 4 inch (102 mm) pipe shall be sufficient when such pipe supplies a single four inch (102 mm) riser system. The pipe from the two-way Fire Department connection shall be run as directly as practicable to the riser or cross connection.
(7) When tanks are used for the primary water supply, the standpipe systems may use separate riser systems serving, respectively, low and high parts of the building. Separate gravity tanks or pressure tanks may supply each zone, but in every case the standpipe system shall be so designed that every hose outlet of the entire system can be supplied through the required cross connections from every two-way Fire Department connection within each two-way Fire Department connection zone provided in accordance with section 4.8.2.2.
7.5.1 Delete.
7.5.2 Delete.
7.6.1 Delete and replace with the following: Class I and Class III standpipes in buildings with floor heights less than 150 feet (45 720 mm) above grade plane shall be at least 4 inches (100 mm) in size. Standpipes in buildings with floor heights greater than 150 (45 720 mm) feet above grade plane shall be no less than 6 inches (150 mm) in diameter.
7.6.3 Delete and replace with the following: In fully sprinklered buildings having a combined standpipe system that is hydraulically calculated, the minimum standpipe size in buildings with floor heights less than 150 feet (45 720 mm) above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access shall be 4 inches (102 mm).
7.7.2 Delete the words, "or semiautomatic".
7.7.4 Delete.
7.8.1 Delete "100 psi (6.9 bar) and replace with "65 psi (4.5 bar).
7.8.2 Delete.
7.8.2.1 Delete.
Table 7.8.2.1 Delete.
7.8.2.2 Delete.
7.8.3.1 Change the word "regulating" to "restricting".
7.8.3.2 Change the word "regulating" to "restricting".
7.8.3.3 Change the word "regulating" to "restricting".
7.9.1 Add after the word "pumps" the words "or tanks". Add after the word "pump" the words "or tank".
7.9.1.1 Delete and replace with the following: The maximum standpipe system zone height for any building is 91 440 mm (300 feet). In the lowest zone in a building, such height shall be measured from grade plane. Floors below grade plane may be included in the lowest zone, provided that the maximum two-way Fire Department connection zone height for the two-way Fire Department connection zone that includes the lowest zone, in accordance with Section 4.8.2.2(j), is not exceeded.
7.9.3 Delete.
7.9.3.1 Delete.
7.9.3.2 Delete.
7.9.4.1 Delete and replace with the following: In buildings with occupied floors less than 91.4 m (300 feet) in height above the lowest level of Fire Department vehicle access, water supplies may be provided by a public waterworks system in accordance with 9.1.5(1), by automatic fire pumps in accordance with 9.1.5(2), or by gravity tanks in accordance with section 9.1.5(4).
Add Section 7.9.4.2 All zones servicing occupied floors located higher than 91.4 m (300 feet) above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access shall be equipped with a primary and auxiliary water supply provided by gravity tanks supplemented by pumps where necessary in accordance with section 9.1.5.
Add Section 7.9.4.2.1 All zones servicing occupied floors located higher than 91.4 m (300 feet) above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access but not more than 152.4 m (500 feet) above grade plane, shall be equipped with a special service fire pump, in accordance with section 9.1.5(4)(l), to boost supply to pressures as required by section 7.8.1 and 7.8.3.1. A Pressure Reducing Valve (PRV) bypass shall be provided, where necessary, and arranged to provide water supply from the upper zone to the lower zone at the required pressures. Where a PRV is not necessary to provide required pressures, a normally open bypass shall be provided.
Add Section 7.9.4.3 Where portions of a standpipe system service floors located 152.4 m (500 feet) or more above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access, all portions of the system shall be provided with a primary and auxiliary means of water supply in accordance with section 9.1.5 and the following:
(1) Primary water supplies shall serve one zone only as the primary supply. However, the primary water supply for one zone may be used as the auxiliary supply for no more than one other zone.
(2) Intermediate tanks, which serve as the suction source for the pumps providing primary water supply for zones located higher than 91.4 m (300 feet) above grade plane, shall be located so as to provide the auxiliary water supply for the next lowest zone at the required pressures by gravity only, and such pressures shall not exceed the minimum pressures required in such next lowest zone by more than 15 percent.
(3) The auxiliary water supply for the topmost section of the system zone shall be provided by a gravity tank in accordance with section 9.1.5(4) and shall be equipped with a special service fire pump, in accordance with 9.1.5(4)(l), to boost supply to pressures as required by sections 7.8.1 and 7.8.3.1.
(4) Zone heights shall be selected such that the topmost zone has a minimum height of 45.7 m (150 feet) so as to provide an auxiliary water supply from the intermediate or roof tank(s) to the next lowest zone at pressures as required by section 7.8.1 and 7.8.3.1 by gravity only, and such pressures shall not exceed the minimum pressures required in such next lowest zone by more than 15 percent.
7.11.1 Delete the words "76 mm (3-in.)". Add after the word "riser" the following: of adequate size. Add after the word "standpipe" the following: or attached sprinkler system.
7.11.1.1 Delete and replace with the following: The riser shall be equipped with a plug and be located on every floor.
7.11.1.4 Delete.
7.12.1.1 Delete.
7.12.2 Add at end the following: and be located in accordance with Section 4.8.2.2 of this referenced standard.
7.12.2.1 Delete.
7.12.3 Delete.
Chapter 8 Plans and Calculations No changes.
Chapter 9 Water Supplies
9.1.1 Delete the words "and semi-automatic".
9.1.2 Add at the end the following: Where manual combination standpipe systems are provided in accordance with the provisions of section 5.4.1.1 of this referenced standard an automatic water supply sufficient to provide the required sprinkler system demand shall be provided. Where such supply is provided by an automatic fire pump, the minimum pump capacity shall be as required by the sprinkler system demand in accordance with Section 903 of the New York City Building Code and NFPA 13. Where such water supply is provided by pressure or gravity tanks the minimum water supply shall also be as required in accordance with the above.
9.1.3 Delete the words "or semi-automatic".
9.1.4 Delete the words "a secondary" and replace with "an auxiliary".
9.1.5 Delete and replace with the following:
Water supplies from the following sources shall be permitted:
(1) A public waterworks system where pressure and flow rate are adequate as confirmed by a statement by the Bureau of Water Supply of the Department of Environmental Protection.
(a) Each service directly supplying a standpipe system or a fire pump shall be equipped with a control valve located under the sidewalk in a flush sidewalk box located within two feet (610 mm) of the street line, or in such other locations as may be approved by the Department of Environmental Protection. The purpose of each such control valve shall be clearly indicated by the words. "Standpipe Supply Control," cast in the cover of such flush sidewalk, box or, in lieu thereof, a metal sign with 1 inch lettering shall be located on the exterior building wall indicating the use and location of the valve.
(2) Automatic fire pumps connected to an approved water source in accordance with NFPA 20, Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection and the following:
(a) Any required automatic fire pump shall draw from two independent street water mains in different streets, except that: (1) any automatic fire pump serving a building classified in occupancy group R-2 that is fully protected by a system of automatic sprinklers may draw from a single water main; and (2) an automatic fire pump may draw from a single water main if augmented by a suction tank or tanks, and if the valves at the meter and pump are provided with tamper switches that are wired to an approved supervising station of an operating fire alarm company. Where two services are installed, one service from the street water main shall be run directly to the pump, and the other service may be used for domestic water supply. The connection from water to the mains to the pumps shall be at least six inch (152 mm) pipe size and shall be flushed before connection is made to the system. Connections shall be in accordance with the provisions of the New York City Plumbing Code and applicable referenced standards.
(b) In the event that two separate and distinct water mains are not available as a supply or the street mains cannot produce the required supply, there shall be provided a suction tank, or tanks suitably located and of sufficient capacity to furnish the fire pump with at least a one-half hour supply at the rated capacity of such pump. Suction tanks shall be filled by a six inch (152 mm) connection to the water main, controlled by an automatic ball float valve in the suction tank. A six inch (152 mm) bypass shall be provided so that pumps may be fed directly from the street water main.
(c) When a water service supplies both the domestic service and the fire pump, a remote control valve shall be placed on the domestic service connection at the point where such connection is taken from the city supply or service main. Such remote control valve shall be controlled from a point near the pump control panel. In lieu of a remote control valve, a manually operated valve may be installed to shut off the entire domestic water supply to the building, provided such valve is located in the fire pump room and is properly tagged for identification.
(d) Power supply for standpipe fire pumps. The type of fire pump and prime mover used in a standpipe system shall be suitable for the required service in a standpipe system provided for Fire Department use. If the prime mover employs any form of power other than an electric current supplied by a public utility, the use thereof shall be subject to the approval of the commissioner. Electrical power to the motor shall be taken from the street side of the house service switch. Where an emergency secondary power source is required, fire pumps shall be supplied from such source and power supply shall be automatic switching.
(e) When the fire pump feeder conductors are routed through the building(s), they shall be enclosed by 2 inches (51 mm) of concrete or an approved assembly which has a minimum of 2-hour fire resistive rating.
(f) Fire pumps shall be placed on concrete pads at least 12 inches (305 mm) above the pump room floor with a clearance of at least 3 feet (914 mm) maintained on all sides from walls or from other equipment in the pump room. In the event of the use of a vertical shaft centrifugal fire pump, the 12 inch (305 mm) high concrete pad may be omitted, provided the bottom of the electric driving motor and all electrical appurtenances are raised at least 12 inches (305 mm) above the pump room floor. Fire pumps shall be located in a 2-hour fire-rated enclosure.
(g) Each automatic fire pump shall be equipped with a 3 inch (76 mm) National Pipe Thread pressure relief valve installed in the pump discharge. Such relief valve shall be set to relieve below the shutoff head of the pump, but above the pressure required to maintain the operating pressure at the highest hose valve. The discharge from the relief valve may be piped back into the suction side of the pump on the pump side of the suction valve provided a visual sight glass is installed in the discharge of the relief valve. Automatic fire pumps may be provided with a time delay switch to ensure a minimum running time for the pump.
(h) The check valves in the pump discharge line shall be either swing type or spring loaded.
(i) Where a group of two or more buildings, whether connected or separated, are operated under a single ownership, one fire pump may be accepted as the water supply for the group. The pump shall be installed in the building where the maintenance personnel are located, and a metal sign with 1 inch (25 mm) lettering shall be installed in each building at all of the hose outlets on the entrance floor indicating the location of the fire pump.
(3) Pressure tanks installed in accordance with NFPA 22, Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection and the following:
(a) The water storage quantities required for the tanks are met with an additional volume equivalent to one-half of the required water storage space provided for the required air.
(b) An air compressor is provided with suitable automatic control and of sufficient capacity to build up air pressure of at least 75 psig (517 kPa) in the tank within three hours and to maintain thereafter an air pressure between 70 and 80 psig (482 to 552 kPa) The automatic control shall also maintain the proper air-to-water ratio in the pressure tank.
(c) Pressure tanks shall be supplied with water through a fixed pipe, independent of the standpipe riser and at least two inches (51 mm) in size. The water supply and connection shall be capable of supplying the tank at a rate of at least 75 gpm (5 L/s) without reducing the pressure in the tank. The tank shall have a fixed water level plate on the end opposite the gauge glass, or other equivalent indicating device.
(d) All pressure tanks used to provide the required primary water supply of a standpipe system shall be equipped with a high and low air pressure and a high and low water level electrical alarm system. Air-to-water ratio shall be 1 to 2 by volume and may be maintained by automatic electrical controls.
(4) Gravity tanks installed in accordance with NFPA 22, Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection and the following:
(a) Construction and support of tanks. Tanks for the standpipe system supply shall be constructed and supported in accordance with the provisions of Referenced Standard NFPA 22 and applicable provisions of the New York City Building Code for loads and structural work. Tanks with a total capacity of 15,000 gallons (56 775 L) or greater shall be multi-compartment type such that no compartment is larger than one half of the required standpipe water supply reserve plus the domestic water reserve in combination tanks. In the alternative, multiple tanks may be provided, provided that the above criteria are met.
(b) Combination tanks. Gravity tanks may be used to provide the required primary water supply to the standpipe system and may also be used to supply automatic sprinkler and/or domestic water in a building provided all the following conditions are met:
(1) The connections to the tank are made in such a manner as to provide the required sprinkler and/or fire standpipe reserve. The domestic supply is above the sprinkler and/or standpipe reserve. Where a standpipe riser is used to supply water to a combination sprinkler and standpipe system as permitted, the connection to the tank shall be made in such a manner as to provide the required sprinkler or standpipe reserve, whichever is greater.
(2) The connections to the system are made outside of the tank. When connections or piping are installed inside the tank, the piping shall be assembled without couplings and shall be of red brass or approved equivalent material in accordance with the New York City Plumbing Code and applicable referenced standards.
(3) The tank is filled by means of an automatic pump at a rate of not less than 65 gpm (4 L/s).
(c) Filling of tanks.
(1) Pressure or gravity tanks shall be filled at the rate of at least 65 gpm (4 L/s). Pipes used to fill the tanks shall not be used for any other purpose; nor shall required fire pumps be used for filling purposes.
(2) Where there is sufficient pressure in the city water main to fill tanks at the required rate during all hours of each day, and a filling pump is not provided, the connection to the city water supply shall be made near the point where the city water service enters the building.
(3) A combined fire standpipe reserve and domestic water tank shall only be filled by direct public water connection or separate fill pumps, or direct connection to equipment, or pumps used to supply domestic water systems in accordance with the New York City Plumbing Code and applicable referenced standards.
(d) Emergency drains on standpipe tanks. Each standpipe tank shall be provided with a drain of at least 4 inches (102 mm). National Pipe Thread. Each drain pipe shall be controlled by a manually operated gate valve located so as to be readily accessible. The drain shall be installed in accordance with the New York City Plumbing Code and applicable referenced standards.
(e) Heating of standpipe tanks.
(1) Where the water in the tank is subject to freezing, the tank shall be equipped with a tank heater in accordance with the provisions of NFPA 22.
(2) Where the standpipe supply and domestic water supply are combined in a single tank, heating of such tank shall not be required in hotels, multiple dwellings, hospitals, or other occupancies where the domestic supply is drawn upon during all hours of every day of the week.
(f) Strainer.
(1) Every standpipe gravity or suction tank shall be provided with a brass or bronze strainer at the discharge to risers or to pump supply lines.
(2) Each strainer shall have clear openings with an aggregate area equal to, or more than, the required area of the pipe into which the tank discharges. Openings shall be not more than 1 inch (25 mm) nor less than 1/2 inch (13 mm) in diameter.
(g) Overflow pipe for standpipe tanks. Each gravity standpipe tank shall be provided with an overflow in accordance with the New York City Plumbing Code and applicable referenced standards.
(h) Access to standpipe tanks. Access to the top of each gravity tank shall be by means of a steel, wrought iron or approved equivalent material gooseneck ladder, constructed of flat side bars at least 2 inches by 3/8 inch (51 mm by 10 mm), or equivalent, spaced at least 14 inches (7620 mm) apart, with round or square rungs at least 5/8 inch (16 mm) thick spaced not more than 12 inches (305 mm) on centers. The ladder shall be rigidly braced and shall not tip outward from the vertical at any point. When ladders exceed 25 feet (610 mm) in height, body irons spaced not more than 2 feet (610 mm) on center and a metal platform at least 14 inches (355 mm) square, rigidly secured to the stringers of the ladder or other type of enclosed safe access, shall be provided near the top of the tank.
(i) Gravity tanks shall be equipped with a high and low water level electrical alarm system.
(j) Where a group of two or more buildings, connected or separated, is operated under a single control, a single gravity tank may be accepted as the primary water supply for the several standpipe systems of such group, provided a dead riser is carried from the bottom of the tank to an underground header or cross connection system and provided each building unit has a post indicator type control valve outside or an O.S.&Y.; control valve inside the building at a readily accessible location. The underground cross connection may not cross any public street without the approval of the city departments having jurisdiction.
(k) The bottom of the topmost zone gravity tanks shall be located above the highest hose outlet in the zone that such tank supplies, excepting the roof manifold and those hose outlets in a penthouse enclosing mechanical equipment. Pressures may be boosted by use of automatic special service or other fire pump(s) to provide the hose outlet pressures required by section 7.8.1 of this referenced standard. Tanks in intermediate zones may be sufficiently elevated to provide the pressures required by Section 7.8.1 provided that they are also installed in accordance with Sections 7.9.4.2 and 7.9.4.3.
(l) The special service pump, as required by this standard, may be located anywhere in the zone served, provided that an express piped suction supply is installed from the gravity tank(s) that supply such pump, and such pump is located at a lower elevation than the gravity tank. Special service pumps are to be installed in accordance with the requirements of Sections 9.1.5(2) - (d), (e), (f) and (h).
9.2 Add at end the following: except where manual standpipe systems are permitted in accordance with Section 5.4.1.2, water supplies shall be provided in accordance with Section 9.1.3 of this referenced standard.
Add Section 9.4 Minimum Supply for Group R-2 Occupancies. The water supply servicing standpipe systems in Group R-2 occupancies shall be 500 gpm (32 L/s) per zone with a stored water supply in any gravity tank or intermediate tank of 15,000 gallons. Water supplies shall be permitted to comply with requirements of Section 7.9.4 for primary and auxiliary water supplies.
Chapter 10 Water Supply Testing No changes.
Chapter 11 System Acceptance
11.4.1* Delete the words "200 psi (13.8 bar)" and replace with "300 psi (20.7 bar)". Delete the words "2 hours" and replace with "1 hour". Delete the words "150 psi (10.3 bar)" and replace with "250 psi (17.3)".
11.5.4 Delete.
11.5.4.1 Delete.
11.5.4.2 Delete.
Chapter 12 Buildings Under Construction
12.1 Delete the words "Where required by the authority having jurisdiction". Add at the end of the last sentence: "or demolition. Provision shall be made for the use of such standpipe by the Fire Department when the height of building construction or demolition exceeds 75 feet."
12.2 Delete and replace with the following: The standpipe shall be provided with a readily accessible two-way Fire Department connection at street level. The location of the two-way Fire Department hose connection shall be placarded, kept free from obstruction, and identified by a red light.
12.3 Add the following:
Temporary risers shall be at least 4 inches in (102 mm) diameter for structures less than 450 feet high (137 160 mm) and at least 6 inches (152 mm) in diameter for structures 450 feet (137 160 mm) high or more. There shall be as many risers as will be, or were, required for the permanent system. Each such riser shall be connected to a cross connection that is supplied through two-way Fire Department hose connections at the street level, and shall be equipped on each floor with a 21/2 inch (64 mm) hose outlet valve. The installations shall be made so that each riser, cross connection, and branch line can be plugged or capped when work is not being done on the system.
12.8.2 Delete the words "is permitted by the authority having jurisdiction".
ANNEXES
The annexes are not a part of the requirements of this Referenced Standard but are included for informational purposes only. This annex contains explanatory material, numbered to correspond with the applicable text paragraphs. In the event of any conflict between the Annexes and the body of the Referenced Standard, particularly where modifications have been made for New York City, the body of the Referenced Standard will govern.
Annex A - Explanatory Material
Delete Figures A.7.1(b) and A7.1(c).
A.7.3.2 Delete.
A.7.3.2.3 Delete.
Delete Figures A.7.3.2(a), (b) and (c).
Annex B Informational References No changes.