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// CODE SNIPPET

602.3 Exterior Walls, Design and Construction

Ohio Residential Code 2013 > 6 Wall Construction > 602 Wood Wall Framing > 602.3 Exterior Walls, Design and Construction
JUMP TO FULL CODE CHAPTER

Exterior walls of wood-frame construction shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the provisions of this chapter and Figures 602.3(1) and 602.3.(2) or in accordance with AF&PA's NDS. Components of exterior walls shall be fastened in accordance with Tables 602.3(1) through 602.3(4). Structural wall sheathing shall be fastened directly to structural framing members. Exterior wall coverings shall be capable of resisting the wind pressures listed in Table 301.2(2) adjusted for height and exposure using Table 301.2(3). Wood structural panel sheathing used for exterior walls shall conform to the requirements of Table 602.3(3). Exterior walls shall be fireblocked in accordance with Section 602.8.

Studs shall be continuous from support at the sole plate to a support at the top plate to resist loads perpendicular to the wall. The support shall be a foundation or floor, ceiling or roof diaphragm or shall be designed in accordance with accepted engineering practice.

Exception: Jack studs, trimmer studs and cripple studs at openings in walls that comply with Tables 502.5(1) and 502.5(2).

TABLE 602.3(1)
FASTENER SCHEDULE FOR STRUCTURAL MEMBERS

ITEMDESCRIPTION OF BUILDING ELEMENTSNUMBER AND TYPE OF
FASTENERa, b, c
SPACING OF FASTENERS
Roof
1Blocking between joists or rafters to top plate, toe nail3-8d (21/2" × 0.113")—
2Ceiling joists to plate, toe nail3-8d (21/2" × 0.113")—
3Ceiling joists not attached to parallel rafter, laps over partitions,
face nail
3-10d—
4Collar tie rafter, face nail or 11/4" × 20 gage ridge strap3-10d (3" × 0.128")—
5Rafter to plate, toe nail2-16d (31/2" × 0.135")—
6Roof rafters to ridge, valley or hip rafters:
toe nail4-16d (31/2" × 0.135")—
face nail3-16d (31/2" × 0.135")—
Wall
7Built-up corner studs10d (3" × 0.128")24" o.c.
8Built-up header, two pieces with 1/2" spacer16d (31/2" × 0.135")16" o.c. along each edge
9Continued header, two pieces16d (31/2" × 0.135")16" o.c. along each edge
10Continuous header to stud, toe nail4-8d (21/2" × 0.113")—
11Double studs, face nail10d (3" × 0.128")24" o.c.
12Double top plates, face nail10d (3" × 0.128")24" o.c.
13Double top plates, minimum 24-inch offset of end joints,
face nail in lapped area
8-16d (31/2" × 0.135")—
14Sole plate to joist or blocking, face nail16d (31/2" × 0.135")16" o.c.
15Sole plate to joist or blocking at braced wall panels3-16d (31/2" × 0.135")16" o.c.
16Stud to sole plate, toe nail3-8d (21/2" × 0.113")
or
2-16d 31/2" × 0.135")
—
—
17Top or sole plate to stud, end nail2-16d (31/2" × 0.135")—
18Top plates, laps at corners and intersections, face nail2-10d (3" × 0.128")—
191" brace to each stud and plate, face nail2-8d (21/2" × 0.113")
2 staples 13/4"
—
—
201" × 6" sheathing to each bearing, face nail2-8d (21/2" × 0.113")
2 staples 13/4"
—
—
211" × 8" sheathing to each bearing, face nail2-8d (21/2" × 0.113")
3 staples 13/4"
—
—
22Wider than 1" × 8" sheathing to each bearing, face nail3-8d (21/2" × 0.113")
4 staples 13/4"
—
—
Floor
23Joist to sill or girder, toe nail3-8d (21/2" × 0.113")—
241" × 6" subfloor or less to each joist, face nail2-8d (21/2" × 0.113")
2 staples 13/4"
—
—
252" subfloor to joist or girder, blind and face nail2-16d (31/2" × 0.135")—
26Rim joist to top plate, toe nail (roof applications also)8d (21/2" × 0.113")6" o.c.
272" planks (plank & beam — floor & roof)2-16d (31/2" × 0.135")at each bearing
28Built-up girders and beams, 2-inch lumber layers10d (3" × 0.128")Nail each layer as follows:
32" o.c. at top and bottom and staggered. Two nails at ends
and at each splice.
29Ledger strip supporting joists or rafters3-16d (31/2" × 0.135")At each joist or rafter

(continued)

TABLE 602.3(1)—continued
FASTENER SCHEDULE FOR STRUCTURAL MEMBERS

ITEMDESCRIPTION OF BUILDING
MATERIALS
DESCRIPTION OF FASTENERb, c, eSPACING OF FASTENERS
Edges
(inches)i
Intermediate
supportsc, e
(inches)
Wood structural panels, subfloor, roof and interior wall sheathing to framing and particleboard wall sheathing to framing
303/8" - 1/2"6d common (2" × 0.113") nail (subfloor wall)j
8d common (21/2" × 0.131") nail (roof)
612g
315/16" - 1/2"6d common (2" × 0.113") nail (subfloor, wall)
8d common (21/2" × 0.131") nail (roof)f
612g
3219/32" - 1"8d common nail (21/2" × 0.131")612g
3311/8" - 11/4"10d common (3" × 0.148") nail or
8d (21/2" × 0.131") deformed nail
612
Other wall sheathingh
341/2" structural cellulosic fiberboard sheathing1/2" galvanized roofing nail, 7/16" crown or 1" crown staple 16 ga., 11/4" long36
3525/32" structural cellulosic fiberboard sheathing13/4" galvanized roofing nail, 7/16" crown or 1" crown staple 16 ga., 11/2" long36
361/2" gypsum sheathingd11/2 " galvanized roofing nail; staple galvanized,
11/2" long; 11/4 screws, Type W or S
77
375/8" gypsum sheathingd13/4 " glavanized roofing nail; staple galvanized,
15/8" long; 15/8" screws, Type W or S
77
Wood structural panels, combination subfloor underlayment to framing
383/4" and less6d deformed (2" × 0.120") nail or
8d common (21/2" × 0.131") nail
612
397/8" - 1"8d common (21/2" × 0.131") nail or
8d deformed (21/2" × 0.120 ") nail
612
4011/8" - 11/4"10d common (3" × 0.148 ") nail or
8d deformed (21/2" × 0.120 ") nail
612
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 mile per hour = 0.447 m/s; 1ksi = 6.895 MPa.
  1. All nails are smooth-common, box or deformed shanks except where otherwise stated. Nails used for framing and sheathing connections shall have minimum average bending yield strengths as shown: 80 ksi for shank diameter of 0.192 inch (20d common nail), 90 ksi for shank diameters larger than 0.142 inch but not larger than 0.177 inch, and 100 ksi for shank diameters of 0.142 inch or less.
  2. Staples are 16 gage wire and have a minimum 7/16-inch on diameter crown width.
  3. Nails shall be spaced at not more than 6 inches on center at all supports where spans are 48 inches or greater.
  4. Four-foot-by-8-foot or 4-foot-by-9-foot panels shall be applied vertically.
  5. Spacing of fasteners not included in this table shall be based on Table 602.3(2).
  6. For regions having basic wind speed of 110 mph or greater, 8d deformed (21/2" × 0.120) nails shall be used for attaching plywood and wood structural panel roof sheathing to framing within minimum 48-inch distance from gable end walls, if mean roof height is more than 25 feet, up to 35 feet maximum.
  7. For regions having basic wind speed of 100 mph or less, nails for attaching wood structural panel roof sheathing to gable end wall framing shall be spaced 6 inches on center. When basic wind speed is greater than 100 mph, nails for attaching panel roof sheathing to intermediate supports shall be spaced 6 inches on center for minimum 48-inch distance from ridges, eaves and gable end walls; and 4 inches on center to gable end wall framing.
  8. Gypsum sheathing shall conform to ASTM C 1396 and shall be installed in accordance with GA 253. Fiberboard sheathing shall conform to ASTM C 208.
  9. Spacing of fasteners on floor sheathing panel edges applies to panel edges supported by framing members and required blocking and at all floor perimeters only. Spacing of fasteners on roof sheathing panel edges applies to panel edges supported by framing members and required blocking. Blocking of roof or floor sheathing panel edges perpendicular to the framing members need not be provided except as required by other provisions of this code. Floor perimeter shall be supported by framing members or solid blocking.

TABLE 602.3(2)
ALTERNATE ATTACHMENTS

NOMINAL MATERIAL THICKNESS
(inches)
DESCRIPTIONa, b OF FASTENER AND LENGTH
(inches)
SPACINGc OF FASTENERS
Edges
(inches)
Intermediate supports
(inches)
Wood structural panels subfloor, roof and wall sheathing to framing and particleboard wall sheathing to framingf
up to 1/2Staple 15 ga. 13/448
0.097 - 0.099 Nail 21/436
Staple 16 ga. 13/436
19/32 and 5/80.113 Nail 236
Staple 15 and 16 ga. 248
0.097 - 0.099 Nail 21/448
23/32 and 3/4Staple 14 ga. 248
Staple 15 ga. 13/436
0.097 - 0.099 Nail 21/448
Staple 16 ga. 248
1Staple 14 ga. 21/448
0.113 Nail 21/436
Staple 15 ga. 21/448
0.097 - 0.099 Nail 21/248
NOMINAL MATERIAL THICKNESS
(inches)
DESCRIPTIONa,b OF FASTENER AND LENGTH
(inches)
SPACINGc OF FASTENERS
Edges
(inches)
Body of paneld
(inches)
Floor underlayment; plywood-hardboard-particleboardf
Plywood
1/4 and 5/1611/4 ring or screw shank nail—minimum
121/2 ga. (0.099") shank diameter
36
Staple 18 ga., 7/8, 3/16 crown width25
11/32, 3/8, 15/32, and 1/211/4 ring or screw shank nail—minimum
121/2 ga. (0.099") shank diameter
68e
19/32, 5/8, 23/32 and 3/411/2 ring or screw shank nail—minimum
121/2 ga. (0.099") shank diameter
68
Staple 16 ga. 11/268
Hardboardf
0.20011/2 long ring-grooved underlayment nail66
4d cement-coated sinker nail66
Staple 18 ga., 7/8 long (plastic coated)36
Particleboard
1/44d ring-grooved underlayment nail36
Staple 18 ga., 7/8 long, 3/16 crown36
3/86d ring-grooved underlayment nail610
Staple 16 ga., 11/8 long, 3/8 crown36
1/2, 5/86d ring-grooved underlayment nail610
Staple 16 ga., 15/8 long, 3/8 crown36
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.
  1. Nail is a general description and may be T-head, modified round head or round head.
  2. Staples shall have a minimum crown width of 7/16-inch on diameter except as noted.
  3. Nails or staples shall be spaced at not more than 6 inches on center at all supports where spans are 48 inches or greater. Nails or staples shall be spaced at not more than 12 inches on center at intermediate supports for floors.
  4. Fasteners shall be placed in a grid pattern throughout the body of the panel.
  5. For 5-ply panels, intermediate nails shall be spaced not more than 12 inches on center each way.
  6. Hardboard underlayment shall conform to ANSI/AHA A135.4.

TABLE 602.3(3)
REQUIREMENTS FOR WOOD STRUCTURAL PANEL
WALL SHEATHING USED TO RESIST WIND PRESSURESa,b,c

MINIMUM NAILMINIMUM
WOOD
STRUCTURAL
PANEL SPAN
RATING
MINIMUM
NOMINAL
PANEL
THICKNESS
(inches)
MAXIMUM
WALL STUD
SPACING
(inches)
PANEL NAIL SPACINGMAXIMUM WIND SPEED
(mph)
SizePenetration
(inches)
Edges
(inches o.c.)
Field
(inches o.c.)
Wind exposure category
BCD
6d Common
(2.0" × 0.113")
1.524/03/8166121109085
8d Common
(2.5" × 0.131")
1.7524/167/1616612130110105
246121109085
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 mile per hour = 0.447 m/s.
  1. Panel strength axis parallel or perpendicular to supports. Three-ply plywood sheathing with studs spaced more than 16 inches on center shall be applied with panel strength axis perpendicular to supports.
  2. Table is based on wind pressures acting toward and away from building surfaces per Section 301.2. Lateral bracing requirements shall be in accordance with Section 602.10.
  3. Wood Structural Panels with span ratings of Wall-16 or Wall-24 shall be permitted as an alternate to panels with a 24/0 span rating. Plywood siding rated 16 oc or 24 oc shall be permitted as an alternate to panels with a 24/16 span rating. Wall-16 and Plywood siding 16 oc shall be used with studs spaced a maximum of 16 inches on center.

TABLE 602.3(4)
ALLOWABLE SPANS FOR PARTICLEBOARD WALL SHEATHINGa

THICKNESS
(inch)
GRADESTUD SPACING
(inches)
When siding is nailed to studsWhen siding is nailed to sheathing
3/8M—1 Exterior glue16—
1/2M—2 Exterior glue1616
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.
  1. Wall sheathing not exposed to the weather. If the panels are applied horizontally, the end joints of the panel shall be offset so that four panels corners will not meet. All panel edges must be supported. Leave a 1/16-inch gap between panels and nail no closer than 3/8 inch from panel edges.

TABLE 602.3(5)
SIZE, HEIGHT AND SPACING OF WOOD STUDSa

STUD SIZE
(inches)
BEARING WALLSNONBEARING WALLS
Laterally
unsupported
stud heighta
(feet)
Maximum spacing
when supporting
a roof-ceiling
assembly or a
habitable attic
assembly, only
(inches)
Maximum spacing
when supporting
one floor, plus a
roof-ceiling
assembly or a
habitable attic
assembly
(inches)
Maximum spacing
when supporting
two floors, plus a
roof-ceiling
assembly or a
habitable attic
assembly
(inches)
Maximum
spacing when
supporting one
floor heighta
(feet)
Laterally
unsupported
stud
heighta
(feet)
Maximum
spacing
(inches)
2 × 3b—————1016
2 × 41024c16c—241424
3 × 410242416241424
2 × 5102424—241624
2 × 610242416242024
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square foot = 0.093m2.
  1. Listed heights are distances between points of lateral support placed perpendicular to the plane of the wall. Increases in unsupported height are permitted where justified by analysis.
  2. Shall not be used in exterior walls.
  3. A habitable attic assembly supported by 2 × 4 studs is limited to a roof span of 32 feet. Where the roof span exceeds 32 feet, the wall studs shall be increased to 2 × 6 or the studs shall be designed in accordance with accepted engineering practice.
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.

FIGURE 602.3(1)
TYPICAL WALL, FLOOR AND ROOF FRAMING

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.

FIGURE 602.3(2)
FRAMING DETAILS

SEE MORE

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