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16.6 Day-Care Homes
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The requirements of Section 16.6 shall apply to new buildings or portions thereof used as day-care homes. (See 1.3.1.)
The requirements of Section 16.6 shall apply to day-care homes in which more than 3, but not more than 12, clients receive care, maintenance, and supervision by other than their relative(s) or legal guardian(s) for less than 24 hours per day, generally within a dwelling unit. (See also 16.6.1.4.)
Where a facility houses more than one age group or one self-preservation capability, the strictest requirements applicable to any group present shall apply throughout the day-care home or building, as appropriate to a given area, unless the area housing such a group is maintained as a separate fire area.
Facilities that supervise clients on a temporary basis with a parent or guardian in close proximity shall not be required to meet the provisions of Section 16.6.
Places of religious worship shall not be required to meet the provisions of Section 16.6 where operating a day-care home while services are being held in the building.
See 16.1.3.
See 16.1.4.
A family day-care home shall be a day-care home in which more than three, but fewer than seven, clients receive care, maintenance, and supervision by other than their relative(s) or legal guardian(s) for less than 24 hours per day, generally within a dwelling unit.
A group day-care home shall be a day-care home in which not less than 7, but not more than 12, clients receive care, maintenance, and supervision by other than their relative(s) or legal guardian(s) for less than 24 hours per day, generally within a dwelling unit.
A conversion from a day-care home to a day-care occupancy with more than 12 clients shall be permitted only if the day-care occupancy conforms to the requirements of Chapter 16 for new day-care occupancies with more than 12 clients.
See 16.1.5.
In family day-care homes, both of the following shall apply:
- The minimum staff-to-client ratio shall be not less than one staff for up to six clients, including the caretaker's own children under age six.
- There shall be not more than two clients incapable of self-preservation.
In group day-care homes, all of the following shall apply:
- The minimum staff-to-client ratio shall be not less than two staff for up to 12 clients.
- There shall be not more than 3 clients incapable of self-preservation.
- The staff-to-client ratio shall be permitted to be modified by the authority having jurisdiction where safeguards in addition to those specified by Section 16.6 are provided.
Means of escape shall comply with Section 24.2.
Where bathtubs, bathtub-shower combinations, or showers are present for client use, grab bars shall be provided in accordance with the provisions of 7.1.6.5.
The number and type of means of escape shall comply with Section 24.2 and 16.6.2.4.2 through 16.6.2.4.4.
Every room used for sleeping, living, recreation, education, or dining purposes shall have the number and type of means of escape in accordance with Section 24.2.
In group day-care homes where spaces on the story above the level of exit discharge are used by clients, that story shall have not less than one means of escape complying with one of the following:
- Door leading directly to the outside with access to finished ground level
- Door leading directly to an outside stair to finished ground level
- Interior stair leading directly to the outside with access to finished ground level separated from other stories by a 1/2-hour fire barrier in accordance with Section 8.3
Where clients occupy a story below the level of exit discharge, that story shall have not less than one means of escape complying with one of the following:
- Door leading directly to the outside with access to finished ground level
- Door leading directly to an outside stair going to finished ground level
- Bulkhead enclosure complying with 24.2.7
- Interior stair leading directly to the outside with access to finished ground level, separated from other stories by a 1/2-hour fire barrier in accordance with Section 8.3
A story used above or below the level of exit discharge shall be in accordance with 16.6.2.4.3 and 16.6.2.4.4.
No dead-end corridors shall exceed 20 ft (6100 mm).
Doors in means of escape shall be protected from obstructions, including snow and ice.
Travel distance shall comply with 16.6.2.6.1 through 16.6.2.6.3.
Travel distance shall be measured in accordance with Section 7.6.
Travel distance shall meet all of the following criteria, unless otherwise permitted by 16.6.2.6.3:
- The travel distance between any point in a room and a door leading directly to the outside with access to finished ground level shall not exceed 150 ft (46 m).
- The travel distance between any point in a sleeping room and access to a means of escape from that room shall not exceed 50 ft (15 m).
The travel distance required by 16.6.2.6.2(1) shall be permitted to be increased by 50 ft (15 m) in buildings protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 9.7.
See 16.6.2.4.
For group day-care homes, the doorway between the level of exit discharge and any story below shall be equipped with a fire door assembly having a 20-minute fire protection rating.
For group day-care homes where the story above the level of exit discharge is used for sleeping purposes, there shall be a fire door assembly having a 20-minute fire protection rating at the top or bottom of each stairway.
Interior finish shall be in accordance with Section 10.2.
In group day-care homes, interior wall and ceiling finish materials complying with Section 10.2 shall be Class A or Class B in corridors, hallways, stairways, foyers, and lobbies.
In family day-care homes, the interior wall and ceiling finish materials complying with Section 10.2 shall be Class A or Class B in stairways.
Interior wall and ceiling finish materials complying with Section 10.2 shall be Class A, Class B, or Class C in occupied spaces.
Interior floor finish shall comply with Section 10.2.
Interior floor finish in stairways shall be not less than Class II.
Where a day-care home is located within a building of another occupancy, such as in an apartment building or office building, any corridors serving the day-care home shall be provided with a smoke detection system in accordance with Section 9.6 except as otherwise provided in 16.6.3.4.3.
The corridor smoke detection system addressed in 16.6.3.4.2 shall not be required where all of the following conditions are met:
- The day-care home is in a building of another occupancy that is not required to have a fire alarm system by some other provision of this Code.
- Smoke alarms are installed in accordance with 9.6.2.10 in the corridor serving the day-care home.
- Smoke alarms are installed within the day-care home as required by 16.6.3.4.1.
- Additional smoke alarms are installed within the day-care home within 15 ft (4.6 m) of all sleeping rooms.
- The smoke alarms required by 16.6.3.4.3(2), (3), and (4) are interconnected, as required by NFPA 72, so that each sounds an alarm when any of these smoke alarms detects smoke.
Single-station or multiple-station smoke alarms or smoke detectors shall be provided in all rooms used for sleeping in accordance with 9.6.2.10.
Single-station or multiple-station carbon monoxide alarms or detectors shall be provided in accordance with Section 9.12 in day-care homes where client sleeping occurs and one or both of the following conditions exist:
- Fuel-fired equipment is present.
- An enclosed parking structure is attached to the day-care home.
Any required sprinkler systems shall be in accordance with Section 9.7 and shall be installed in accordance with 9.7.1.1(1), (2), or (3), as appropriate with respect to the scope of the installation standard.
Alcohol-based hand-rub dispensers shall be protected in accordance with 8.7.3.1, unless all of the following requirements are met:
- Dispensers shall be installed in rooms or spaces separated from corridors, stairways, and exterior doors.
- The maximum individual dispenser fluid capacity shall be as follows:
- 0.32 gal (1.2 L) for dispensers in rooms
- 0.53 gal (2.0 L) for dispensers in suites of rooms
- The dispensers shall be separated from each other by horizontal spacing of not less than 48 in. (1220 mm).
- Storage of quantities greater than 5 gal (18.9 L) in a single fire compartment shall meet the requirements of NFPA 30.
- The dispensers shall not be installed over or directly adjacent to an ignition source.
- Dispensers installed directly over carpeted floors shall be permitted only in sprinklered rooms or spaces.
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