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// CODE SNIPPET

52-50 Damage or Destruction

NYC Zoning Resolution > V Non-Conforming Uses and Non-Complying Buildings > 2 - Non-Conforming Uses > 52-50 Damage or Destruction
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52-51 General Provisions

Except as set forth in Sections 52-81 to 52-83, inclusive, relating to Regulations Applying to Non-Conforming Signs, if a non-conforming building or other structure is damaged, destroyed or demolished, the provisions set forth in Sections 52-52 to 52-56, inclusive, shall apply.

However, if a non-conforming single- or two-family residence in an R3, R4, or R5 District is damaged, destroyed or demolished, such building may be continued in use and reconstructed provided that such reconstruction shall not create a new non-compliance nor increase the pre-existing degree of non-compliance with the applicable bulk regulations.

52-52 Land With Minor Improvements

In all districts, if a non-conforming building or other structure or other improvement located on land with minor improvements is damaged or destroyed by any means, including but not limited to, any demolition ordered or permitted by the Department of Buildings, to the extent of 25 percent or more of the assessed valuation of all buildings or other structures or other improvements thereon (as determined from the assessment rolls effective on the date of damage or destruction), such non-conforming use shall terminate, and the zoning lot shall thereafter be used only for a conforming use.

52-53 Buildings or Other Structures in All Districts

52-531 Permitted Reconstruction or Continued Use

In all districts, if any building, except a building subject to the provisions of Section 52-54 (Buildings Designed for Residential Use in Residence Districts), or of Section 52-56 (Multiple Dwellings in M1-1D Through M1-5D Districts), which is substantially occupied by a non-conforming use, is damaged or destroyed by any means, including any demolition as set forth in Sections 52-50 et seq., to the extent of 50 percent or more of its total floor area, such building may either:

(a)        be repaired or incidentally altered, and the existing non-conforming use may be continued; or

(b)        be reconstructed, but only for a conforming use; provided, however, that in no event shall any such reconstruction create a non-compliance or increase the degree of non-compliance of a non-complying building.

However, where the damage or destruction is so great that the provisions in Sections 54-41 and 54-42 relating to Damage, Destruction or Demolition in Non-Complying Buildings also apply, the latter Sections shall govern the permitted bulk of the reconstructed building.

In addition, the alteration of an existing building resulting in both the removal of more than 75 percent of the floor area and more than 25 percent of the perimeter walls of such existing building, and the replacement of any portion thereof, shall be considered a development for the purposes of the provisions set forth in Section 11-23 (Demolition and Replacement).

In applying the provisions of this Section to damaged or destroyed structures, substantially utilized by a non-conforming use, any appropriate measure of the size of such structures shall be substituted for floor area in determining the extent of damage or destruction.

In the event that any demolition, damage or destruction of an existing building produces an unsafe condition requiring a Department of Buildings order or permit for further demolition of floor area to remove or rectify the unsafe condition, and the aggregate floor area demolished, damaged or destroyed including that ordered or permitted by the Department of Buildings constitutes 50 percent or more of the total floor area of such building, then such building may be repaired or reconstructed only in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (a) or (b) in this Section.

For the purposes of this Section, any single-family or two-family residence located within an M1-1D, M1-2D, M1-3D, M1-4D, M1-5D or M1-6D District and existing on June 20, 1988, shall be a conforming use.

For the purposes of this Section, buildings that abutted one another on a single zoning lot on the date of such damage or destruction shall be considered a single building.

52-532 Use of Alternative Formula

In any case where the applicant alleges that floor area is an inappropriate measure of the extent of damage or destruction, and elects to substitute reconstruction costs for floor area, an application may be made to the Board of Standards and Appeals to determine the extent of such damage or destruction.

If the Board finds that the costs of reconstructing the damaged or destroyed portion of such building to its previous condition exceed 50 percent of the costs of reconstructing the entire building to the condition existing on the date of such damage or destruction, the provisions of Section 52-531 (Permitted reconstruction or continued use) shall apply. In determining reconstruction costs, the cost of land shall be excluded.

52-54 Buildings Designed for Residential Use in Residence Districts

In all Residence Districts, if the floor area occupied by non-conforming uses within a building designed for residential use is damaged or destroyed by any means, including but not limited to, any demolition ordered or permitted by the Department of Buildings, to the extent of 25 percent or more of such floor area, such building may be continued in use or reconstructed only in accordance with the provisions of Section 52-53 (Buildings or Other Structures in All Districts) except that the 25 percent ratio set forth in this Section shall apply instead of the 50 percent ratio set forth in Section 52-53.

52-55 Lesser Damage or Destruction

In the event that a building or other structure substantially occupied or utilized by a non-conforming use is damaged or destroyed to a lesser extent than that specified in Sections 52-51 to 52-54, inclusive, relating to Damage, Destruction or Demolition, the building or other structure may be restored and the non-conforming use of such building or other structure or zoning lot may be continued, provided that such restoration shall not create a non-compliance or increase the degree of non-compliance, if any, existing prior to such damage, destruction or demolition.

52-56 Multiple Dwellings in M1-1D Through M1-5D Districts

In the case of damage or destruction of less than 75 percent of the total floor area of a non-conforming building containing three or more dwelling units in an M1-1D, M1-2D, M1-3D, M1-4D or M1-5D District, such building may be repaired or reconstructed, and its residential use continued, subject to the following regulations:

(a)        there shall be no increase in the number of dwelling units in the building beyond the lawful number in existence prior to such damage and destruction; and

(b)        there shall be no increase to the pre-existing amount of floor area except as expressly provided in Section 52-46 (Conforming and Non-conforming Residential Uses in M1-1D Through M1-5D Districts).

Enlargements in excess of those permitted, pursuant to paragraph (b) of this Section, and enlargements that create additional dwelling units, may be permitted by authorization of the City Planning Commission pursuant to the regulations of Section 42-47 (Residential Uses in M1-1D Through M1-5D Districts).

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