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605.1 Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe, Tubing, and Joints
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Joining methods for copper or copper alloy pipe, tubing,
and fittings shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions and shall comply with
Section 605.1.1 through Section 605.1.5.
Brazed joints between copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing and fittings shall be made with brazing alloys having a liquid temperature above 1000°F (538°C). The joint surfaces to be brazed shall be cleaned bright by either manual or mechanical means. Tubing shall be cut square and reamed to full inside diameter. Brazing flux shall be applied to the
joint surfaces where required by manufacturer's recommendation. Brazing filler metal in accordance with AWS A5.8 shall be applied at the point where the pipe or tubing enters the socket of the fitting.
Flared joints for soft copper or copper alloy water tubing shall be made with fittings that are in accordance with the applicable standards
referenced in Table 604.1. Pipe or tubing shall be cut
square using an appropriate tubing cutter. The tubing
shall be reamed to full inside diameter, resized to
round, and expanded with a proper flaring tool.
Mechanical joints shall include, but are not limited to, compression, flanged,
grooved, pressed, and push fit fittings.
Mechanically formed tee fittings shall have
extracted collars that shall be formed in a continuous
operation consisting of drilling a pilot hole and
drawing out the pipe or tube surface to form a collar
having a height not less than three times the
thickness of the branch tube wall. The branch pipe
or tube shall be notched to conform to the inner
curve of the run pipe or tube and shall have two
dimple depth stops to ensure that penetration of the
branch pipe or tube into the collar is of a depth for
brazing and that the branch pipe or tube does not
obstruct the flow in the main line pipe or tube.
Dimple depth stops shall be in line with the run of
the pipe or tube. The second dimple shall be 1/4 of
an inch (6.4 mm) above the first and shall serve as
a visual point of inspection. Fittings and joints
shall be made by brazing. Soldered joints shall not
be permitted.
Pressed fittings for copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing shall have an elastomeric o-ring that forms the joint. The pipe or
tubing shall be fully inserted into the fitting, and
the pipe or tubing marked at the shoulder of the fitting.
Pipe or tubing shall be cut square, chamfered,
and reamed to full inside diameter. The fitting
alignment shall be checked against the mark on the
pipe or tubing to ensure the pipe or tubing is
inserted into the fitting. The joint shall be pressed
using the tool recommended by the manufacturer.
Removable and nonremovable push fit fittings for copper or copper alloy tubing or pipe that employ quick assembly
push fit connectors shall be in accordance with
ASSE 1061. Push fit fittings for copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing shall have an approved elastomeric o-ring that forms the joint. Pipe or tubing
shall be cut square, chamfered, and reamed to full
inside diameter. The tubing shall be fully inserted
into the fitting, and the tubing marked at the shoulder
of the fitting. The fitting alignment shall be
checked against the mark on the tubing to ensure
the tubing is inserted into the fitting and gripping
mechanism has engaged on the pipe.
Soldered joints between copper or copper alloy pipe or tubing and fittings shall be
made in accordance with ASTM B828 with the following
sequence of joint preparation and operation as follows:
measuring and cutting, reaming, cleaning, fluxing,
assembly and support, heating, applying the solder,
cooling and cleaning. Pipe or tubing shall be cut square
and reamed to the full inside diameter including the
removal of burrs on the outside of the pipe or tubing.
Surfaces to be joined shall be cleaned bright by manual
or mechanical means. Flux shall be applied to pipe or
tubing and fittings and shall be in accordance with
ASTM B813, and shall become noncorrosive and nontoxic
after soldering. Insert pipe or tubing into the base
of the fitting and remove excess flux. Pipe or tubing
and fitting shall be supported to ensure a uniform capillary
space around the joint. Heat shall be applied using
an air or fuel torch with the flame perpendicular to the
pipe or tubing using acetylene or an LP gas. Preheating
shall depend on the size of the joint. The flame shall be
moved to the fitting cup and alternate between the pipe
or tubing and fitting. Solder in accordance with ASTM
B32 shall be applied to the joint surfaces until capillary
action draws the molten solder into the cup. Solder and
fluxes with a lead content that exceeds 0.2 percent shall
be prohibited in piping systems conveying potable
water. Joint surfaces shall not be disturbed until cool and any remaining flux residue shall be cleaned.
Threaded joints for copper
or copper alloy pipe shall be made with pipe threads in
accordance with ASME B1.20.1. Thread sealant tape
or compound shall be applied only on male threads,
and such material shall be of approved types, insoluble
in water, and nontoxic.
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