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// CODE SNIPPET

2304.10 Connectors and Fasteners

Building Code 2015 of Utah > 23 Wood > 2304 General Construction Requirements > 2304.10 Connectors and Fasteners
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Connectors and fasteners shall comply with the applicable provisions of Sections 2304.10.1 through 2304.10.7.

2304.10.1 Fastener Requirements

Connections for wood members shall be designed in accordance with the appropriate methodology in Section 2301.2. The number and size of fasteners connecting wood members shall not be less than that set forth in Table 2304.10.1.
TABLE 2304.10.1
FASTENING SCHEDULE
DESCRIPTION OF BUILDING ELEMENTS NUMBER AND TYPE OF FASTENER SPACING AND LOCATION

Roof

1. Blocking between ceiling joists, rafters or trusses
to top plate or other framing below
3-8d common (21/2" × 0.131"); or
3-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
3-3" × 0.131" nails; or
3-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
Each end, toenail
Blocking between rafters or truss not at the wall
top plate, to rafter or truss
2-8d common (21/2" × 0.131")
2-3" × 0.131" nails
2-3" 14 gage staples
Each end, toenail
2-16 d common (31/2 " × 0.162")
3-3" × 0.131" nails
3-3" 14 gage staples
End nail
Flat blocking to truss and web filler 16d common (31/2" × 0.162") @ 6" o.c.
3" × 0.131" nails @ 6" o.c.
3" × 14 gage staples @ 6" o.c
Face nail
2. Ceiling joists to top plate 3-8d common (21/2" × 0.131"); or
3-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
3-3" × 0.131" nails; or
3-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
Each joist, toenail
3. Ceiling joist not attached to parallel rafter, laps
over partitions (no thrust)
(see Section 2308.7.3.1, Table 2308.7.3.1)
3-16d common (31/2" × 0.162"); or
4-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
4-3" × 0.131" nails; or
4-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
Face nail
4. Ceiling joist attached to parallel rafter (heel joint)
(see Section 2308.7.3.1, Table 2308.7.3.1)
Per Table 2308.7.3.1 Face nail
5. Collar tie to rafter 3-10d common (3" × 0.148"); or
4-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
4-3" × 0.131" nails; or
4-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
Face nail
6. Rafter or roof truss to top plate
(See Section 2308.7.5, Table 2308.7.5)
3-10 common (3" × 0.148"); or
3-16d box (31/2" × 0.135"); or
4-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
4-3" × 0.131 nails; or
4-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
Toenailc
7. Roof rafters to ridge valley or hip rafters; or roof
rafter to 2-inch ridge beam
2-16d common (31/2" × 0.162"); or
3-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
3-3" × 0.131" nails; or
3-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown; or
End nail
3-10d common (31/2" × 0.148"); or
3-16d box (31/2" × 0.135"); or
4-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
4-3" × 0.131" nails; or
4-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
Toenail
Wall

8. Stud to stud (not at braced wall panels) 16d common (31/2" × 0.162"); 24" o.c. face nail
10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
3" × 0.131" nails; or
3-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
16" o.c. face nail
9. Stud to stud and abutting studs at intersecting wall
corners (at braced wall panels)
16d common (31/2" × 0.162"); or 16" o.c. face nail
16d box (31/2" × 0.135"); or 12" o.c. face nail
3" × 0.131" nails; or
3-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
12" o.c. face nail
10. Built-up header (2" to 2" header) 16d common (31/2" × 0.162"); or 16" o.c. each edge, face nail
16d box (31/2" × 0.135") 12" o.c. each edge, face nail
11. Continuous header to stud 4-8d common (21/2" × 0.131"); or
4-10d box (3" × 0.128")
Toenail
12. Top plate to top plate 16d common (31/2" × 0.162"); or 16" o.c. face nail
10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
3" × 0.131" nails; or
3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
12" o.c. face nail
13. Top plate to top plate, at end joints 8-16d common (31/2" × 0.162"); or
12-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
12-3" × 0.131" nails; or
12-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
Each side of end joint, face nail
(minimum 24" lap splice length
each side of end joint)
14. Bottom plate to joist, rim joist, band joist or
blocking (not at braced wall panels)
16d common (31/2" × 0.162"); or 16" o.c. face nail
16d box (31/2" × 0.135"); or
3" × 0.131" nails; or
3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
12" o.c. face nail
15. Bottom plate to joist, rim joist, band joist
or blocking at braced wall panels
2-16d common (31/2" × 0.162"); or
3-16d box (31/2" × 0.135"); or
4-3" × 0.131" nails; or
4-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
16" o.c. face nail
16. Stud to top or bottom plate 4-8d common (21/2" × 0.131"); or
4-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
4-3" × 0.131" nails; or
4-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown; or
Toenail
2-16d common (31/2" × 0.162"); or
3-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
3-3" × 0.131" nails; or
3-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
End nail
17. Top or bottom plate to stud 2-16d common (31/2" × 0.162"); or
3-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
3-3" × 0.131" nails; or
3-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
End nail
18. Top plates, laps at corners and intersections 2-16d common (31/2" × 0.162"); or
3-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
3-3" × 0.131" nails; or
3-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
Face nail
Wall
19. 1" brace to each stud and plate 2-8d common (21/2" × 0.131"); or
2-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
2-3" × 0.131" nails; or
2-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
Face nail
20. 1" × 6" sheathing to each bearing 2-8d common (21/2" × 0.131"); or
2-10d box (3" × 0.128")
Face nail
21. 1" × 8" and wider sheathing to each bearing 3-8d common (21/2" × 0.131"); or
3-10d box (3" × 0.128")
Face nail
Floor
22. Joist to sill, top plate, or girder 3-8d common (21/2" × 0.131"); or floor
3-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
3-3" × 0.131" nails; or
3-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
Toenail
23. Rim joist, band joist, or blocking to top plate, sill or
other framing below
8d common (21/2" × 0.131"); or
10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
3" × 0.131" nails; or
3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
6" o.c., toenail
24. 1" × 6" subfloor or less to each joist 2-8d common (21/2" × 0.131"); or
2-10d box (3" × 0.128")
Face nail
25. 2" subfloor to joist or girder 2-16d common (31/2" × 0.162") Face nail
26. 2" planks (plank & beam — floor & roof) 2-16d common (31/2" × 0.162") Each bearing, face nail
27. Built-up girders and beams, 2" lumber layers 20d common (4" × 0.192") 32" o.c., face nail at top and bottom
staggered on opposite sides
10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
3" × 0.131" nails; or
3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
24" o.c. face nail at top and bottom
staggered on opposite sides
And:
2-20d common (4" × 0.192"); or
3-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
3-3" × 0.131" nails; or
3-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
Ends and at each splice, face nail
28. Ledger strip supporting joists or rafters 3-16d common (31/2" × 0.162"); or
4-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
4-3" × 0.131" nails; or
4-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
Each joist or rafter, face nail
29. Joist to band joist or rim joist 3-16d common (31/2" × 0.162"); or
4-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
4-3" × 0.131" nails; or
4-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
End nail
30. Bridging or blocking to joist, rafter or truss 2-8d common (21/2" × 0.131"); or
2-10d box (3" × 0.128"); or
2-3" × 0.131" nails; or
2-3" 14 gage staples, 7/16" crown
Each end, toenail
Wood structural panels (WSP), subfloor, roof and interior wall sheathing to framing and particleboard wall sheathing to framinga
  Edges
(inches)
Intermediate supports
(inches)
31. 3/8" — 1/2" 6d common or deformed (2" × 0.113")
(subfloor and wall)
6 12
8d box or deformed (21/2" × 0.113") (roof) 6 12
23/8" × 0.113" nail (subfloor and wall) 6 12
13/4" 16 gage staple, 7/16" crown
(subfloor and wall)
4 8
23/8" × 0.113" nail (roof) 4 8
13/4" 16 gage staple, 7/16" crown (roof) 3 6
32. 19/32" — 3/4" 8d common (21/2" × 0.131"); or
6d deformed (2" × 0.113")
6 12
23/8" × 0.113" nail; or
2" 16 gage staple, 7/16" crown
4 8
33. 7/8" — 11/4" 10d common (3" × 0.148"); or
8d deformed (21/2" × 0.131")
6 12
Other exterior wall sheathing
34. 1/2" fiberboard sheathingb 11/2" galvanized roofing nail
(7/16" head diameter); or
11/4" 16 gage staple with 7/16" or 1" crown
3 6
35. 25/32" fiberboard sheathingb 13/4" galvanized roofing nail
(7/16" diameter head); or
11/2" 16 gage staple with 7/16" or 1" crown
3 6
Wood structural panels, combination subfloor underlayment to framing
36. 3/4" and less 8d common (21/2" × 0.131"); or
6d deformed (2" × 0.113")
6 12
37. 7/8" — 1" 8d common (21/2" × 0.131"); or
8d deformed (21/2" × 0.131")
6 12
38. 11/8" — 11/4" 10d common (3" × 0.148"); or
8d deformed (21/2" × 0.131")
6 12
Panel siding to framing
39. 1/2" or less 6d corrosion-resistant siding
(17/8" × 0.106"); or
6d corrosion-resistant casing (2" × 0.099")
6 12
40. 5/8" 8d corrosion-resistant siding
(23/8" × 0.128" ); or
8d corrosion-resistant casing
(21/2" × 0.113")
6 12
Interior paneling
41. 1/4" 4d casing (11/2" × 0.080"); or
4d finish (11/2" × 0.072")
6 12
42. 3/8" 6d casing (2" × 0.099"); or
6d finish (Panel supports at 24 inches)
6 12

For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm.
  1. Nails spaced at 6 inches at intermediate supports where spans are 48 inches or more. For nailing of wood structural panel and particleboard diaphragms and shear walls, refer to Section 2305. Nails for wall sheathing are permitted to be common, box or casing.
  2. Spacing shall be 6 inches on center on the edges and 12 inches on center at intermediate supports for nonstructural applications. Panel supports at 16 inches (20 inches if strength axis in the long direction of the panel, unless otherwise marked).
  3. Where a rafter is fastened to an adjacent parallel ceiling joist in accordance with this schedule and the ceiling joist is fastened to the top plate in accordance with this schedule, the number of toenails in the rafter shall be permitted to be reduced by one nail.

2304.10.2 Sheathing Fasteners

Sheathing nails or other approved sheathing connectors shall be driven so that their head or crown is flush with the surface of the sheathing.

2304.10.3 Joist Hangers and Framing Anchors

Connections depending on joist hangers or framing anchors, ties and other mechanical fastenings not otherwise covered are permitted where approved. The vertical load-bearing capacity, torsional moment capacity and deflection characteristics of joist hangers shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D7147.

2304.10.4 Other Fasteners

Clips, staples, glues and other approved methods of fastening are permitted where approved.

2304.10.5 Fasteners and Connectors in Contact With Preservative-Treated and Fire-Retardant-Treated Wood

Fasteners, including nuts and washers, and connectors in contact with preservative-treated and fire-retardant-treated wood shall be in accordance with Sections 2304.10.5.1 through 2304.10.5.4. The coating weights for zinc-coated fasteners shall be in accordance with ASTM A153.

2304.10.5.1 Fasteners and Connectors for Preservative-Treated Wood

Fasteners, including nuts and washers, in contact with preservative-treated wood shall be of hot-dipped zinc-coated galvanized steel, stainless steel, silicon bronze or copper. Fasteners other than nails, timber rivets, wood screws and lag screws shall be permitted to be of mechanically deposited zinccoated steel with coating weights in accordance with ASTM B695, Class 55 minimum. Connectors that are used in exterior applications and in contact with preservative-treated wood shall have coating types and weights in accordance with the treated wood or connector manufacturer's recommendations. In the absence of manufacturer's recommendations, a minimum of ASTM A653, Type G185 zinc-coated galvanized steel, or equivalent, shall be used.
Exception: Plain carbon steel fasteners, including nuts and washers, in SBX/DOT and zinc borate preservative-treated wood in an interior, dry environment shall be permitted.

2304.10.5.2 Fastenings for Wood Foundations

Fastenings, including nuts and washers, for wood foundations shall be as required in AWC PWF.
SEE MORE

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