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// CODE SNIPPET

3104F.4.7 Batter Piles

Los Angeles Building Code > 31F [SLC] Marine Oil Terminals > 3104F Seismic Analysis and Structural Performance > 3104F.4 General Analysis and Design Requirements > 3104F.4.7 Batter Piles
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Batter piles primarily respond to earthquakes by developing large axial compression or tension forces. Bending moments are generally of secondary importance. Failure in compression may be dictated by the deck-pile connection (most common type), material compression, buckling, or by excessive local shear in deck members adjacent to the batter pile. Failure in tension may be dictated by connection strength or by pile pull out (p. 3-83 of Ferritto et al. [4.7]).

When the controlling failure scenario is reached and the batter pile fails, the computer model shall be adjusted to consist of only the vertical pile acting either as a full or partial moment frame based on the connection details between the pile top and pile cap. The remaining displacement capacity, involving vertical piles, before the secondary failure stage develops, shall then be established (see Section 3107F.2.8).

Axial p-z curves shall be modeled. In compression, displacement capacity should consider the effect of the reduction in pile modulus of elasticity at high loads and the increase in effective length for friction piles. This procedure allows the pile to deform axially before reaching ultimate loads, thereby increasing the displacement ductility [4.7].

Horizontal nonlinear p-y springs are only applied to batter piles with significant embedment, such as for land-side batter piles in a wharf structure. Moment fixity can be assumed for batter piles that extend well above the ground such as waterside batter piles in a wharf structure or batter piles in a pier type structure.

Related Code Sections


3104F.4.7 [SLC] Marine Oil Terminals, Batter Piles
Batter piles primarily respond to earthquakes by developing large axial compression or tension forces. Bending moments are generally of secondary ...
Los Angeles Building Code > 31F [SLC] Marine Oil Terminals > 3104F Seismic Analysis and Structural Performance > 3104F.4 General Analysis and Design Requirements > 3104F.4.7 Batter Piles
3107F.2.8 [SLC] Marine Oil Terminals, Batter Piles
Wharves or piers with ordinary (not fused, plugged or having a seismic release mechanism) batter piles typically have a very stiff response when ...
Los Angeles Building Code > 31F [SLC] Marine Oil Terminals > 3107F Structural Analysis and Design of Components > 3107F.2 Concrete Deck With Concrete or Steel Piles > 3107F.2.8 Batter Piles
3105F.4.2 [SLC] Marine Oil Terminals, Berthing Energy Capacity
into account when performing the analysis. When batter piles are present, the fender system typically absorbs most of the berthing energy. This can ...
Los Angeles Building Code > 31F [SLC] Marine Oil Terminals > 3105F Mooring and Berthing Analysis and Design > 3105F.4 Berthing Analysis and Design > 3105F.4.2 Berthing Energy Capacity
1810.3.11.2 Soils and Foundations, Seismic Design Categories D Through F
flexural strength. The connection between batter piles and pile caps shall be designed to resist the nominal strength of the pile acting as a short column ...
Los Angeles Building Code > 18 Soils and Foundations > 1810 Deep Foundations > 1810.3 Design and Detailing > 1810.3.11 Pile Caps > 1810.3.11.2 Seismic Design Categories D Through F
1810.3.11.2 Soils and Foundations, Seismic Design Categories D Through F
flexural strength. The connection between batter piles and pile caps shall be designed to resist the nominal strength of the pile acting as a short ...
Los Angeles Building Code > 18 Soils and Foundations > 1810 Deep Foundations > 1810.3 Design and Detailing > 1810.3.11 Pile Caps > 1810.3.11.2 Seismic Design Categories D Through F
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